Infertility and spontaneous abortion
Specific diagnoses of infertility, by developing status and region (WHO study)
| Categories |
Developed |
Africa |
Asia |
Latin America |
East Mediterranean |
| Female diagnosis | |||||
| No demonstrable cause |
40 |
16 |
31 |
35 |
26 |
| Bilateral tubal occlusion |
11 |
49 |
14 |
15 |
20 |
| Pelvic adhesions |
13 |
24 |
13 |
17 |
13 |
| Acquired tubal abnormality |
12 |
12 |
12 |
12 |
9 |
| Anovulatory regular cycles |
10 |
14 |
9 |
9 |
15 |
| Anovulatory oligomenorrhea |
9 |
3 |
7 |
9 |
11 |
| Ovulatory oligomenorrhea |
7 |
4 |
11 |
5 |
8 |
| Hyperprolactinemia |
7 |
5 |
7 |
8 |
6 |
| Endometriosis |
6 |
1 |
10 |
3 |
1 |
| Male diagnosis | |||||
| No demonstrable cause |
49 |
46 |
58 |
41 |
28 |
Cates W, Farley TMM, Rowe PJ. Patterns of infertility in the developed and developing worlds. In: Rowe PJ, Vikhlyaeva EM, editors. Diagnosis and treatment of infertility. Toronto: Hans Huber Publishers; 1988. p. 57-67.
Edited by Aldo Campana,