Obstetrics, gynecology and reproductive medicine guidelines

Infertility, miscarriage, ectopic pregnancy

Guidelines, reviews, statements, recommendations, standards

Artificial insemination

• Europe
  • European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology
    • Intrauterine insemination [2009]
• International
  • Cochrane Library
    • Synchronised approach for intrauterine insemination in subfertile couples
    • Single versus double intrauterine insemination (IUI) in stimulated cycles for subfertile couples
    • Intra-uterine insemination versus timed intercourse for cervical hostility in subfertile couples
    • Intra-uterine insemination for unexplained subfertility
    • Intra-uterine insemination for male subfertility
• Articles in journals
  • Human Reproduction
    • Intrauterine insemination catheters for assisted reproduction: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2006]
    • Stimulated intra-uterine insemination is not a natural choice for the treatment of unexplained subfertility: Should the guidelines be changed? [2003]
    • Stimulated intra-uterine insemination is not a natural choice for the treatment of unexplained subfertility: Current best evidence for the advanced treatment of unexplained subfertility [2003]
    • Stimulated intra-uterine insemination is not a natural choice for the treatment of unexplained subfertility: 'Effective treatment' or 'not a natural choice'? [2003]
    • Single versus double intrauterine insemination in stimulated cycles for subfertile couples: a systematic review based on a Cochrane review [2003]
    • Investigation of the infertile couple: Should diagnostic laparoscopy be performed in the infertility work up programme in patients undergoing intrauterine insemination? [2003]
  • Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada (JOGC)
    • A Comparison of the Cost-Effectiveness of In Vitro Fertilization Strategies and Stimulated Intrauterine Insemination in a Canadian Health Economic Model [2008]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Assisted reproductive techniques

Assisted reproductive techniques

• Australia
  • Department of Health and Ageing
    • Report of the Independent Review of Assisted Reproductive Technologies [2006]
• Canada
  • Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada
    • Elective Single Embryo Transfer Following In Vitro Fertilization [2010]
    • Guidelines for the number of embryos to transfer following in vitro fertilization [2006]
• Europe
  • European Society of Human Genetics
    • The need for interaction between assisted reproduction technology and genetics [2006]
  • European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology
    • Good Clinical Treatment in Assisted Reproduction - An ESHRE position paper [2008]
• International
  • Cochrane Library
    • Ultrasound versus 'clinical touch' for catheter guidance during embryo transfer in women
    • Techniques for preparation prior to embryo transfer
    • Surgical treatment for tubal disease in women due to undergo in vitro fertilisation
    • Post-embryo transfer interventions for in vitro fertilization and intracytoplasmic sperm injection patients
    • In vitro fertilisation versus tubal reanastomosis (sterilisation reversal) for subfertility after tubal sterilisation
    • In vitro fertilisation for unexplained subfertility
    • Day three versus day two embryo transfer following in vitro fertilization or intracytoplasmic sperm injection
    • Cleavage stage versus blastocyst stage embryo transfer in assisted conception
    • Assisted hatching on assisted conception (IVF and ICSI)
    • Aspirin for in vitro fertilisation
    • Acupuncture and assisted conception
• United Kingdom
  • British Fertility Society
    • Psychosocial aspects of infertility [2005]
    • BFS response to the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority public consultation on the Regulation of Donor-Assisted Conception [2005]
    • BFS response to the European Commission public consultation on the Draft Technical Requirements for Tissues and Cells [2005]
  • Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority
    • Human Fertilsation and Embryology Authority
  • Royal College of Nursing
    • Performing ultrasound-guided oocyte retrieval. RCN guidance for fertility nurses [2005]
  • Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Reproductive trends and assisted reproduction technologies [2008]
• United States of America
  • Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
    • Effectiveness of Assisted Reproductive Technology [2008]
  • CDC Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART)
    • CDC Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART)
  • National Guideline Clearinghouse
    • Elective single embryo transfer following in vitro fertilization. Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada [2010]
• WHO
  • World Health Organization
    • The International Committee for Monitoring Assisted Reproductive Technology (ICMART) and the World Health Organization (WHO) Revised Glossary on ART Terminology, 2009 [2009]
• Articles in journals
  • Biology of Reproduction
    • Potential Importance of Vitrification in Reproductive Medicine [2002]
  • British Medical Journal
    • Clinical effectiveness of elective single versus double embryo transfer: meta-analysis of individual patient data from randomised trials [2010]
    • Effects of acupuncture on rates of pregnancy and live birth among women undergoing in vitro fertilisation: systematic review and meta-analysis [2008]
    • Assisted conception. I—General principles [2003]
  • Current Medicinal Chemistry
    • Pertinence of apoptosis markers for the improvement of in vitro fertilization (IVF) [2009]
  • Current Opinion in Obstetrics and Gynecology
    • Effects of low-dose aspirin in in-vitro fertilization [2009]
  • Human Reproduction
    • Risk of contamination of germplasm during cryopreservation and cryobanking in IVF units [2009]
    • Live birth rates after transfer of equal number of blastocysts or cleavage-stage embryos in IVF. A systematic review and meta-analysis [2008]
    • Should fertilization treatment start with reducing stress? [2006]
    • Investigation and treatment of repeated implantation failure following IVF-ET [2006]
    • What is the 'ideal' duration of progesterone supplementation before the transfer of cryopreserved-thawed embryos in estrogen/progesterone replacement protocols? [2005]
    • Soft versus firm embryo transfer catheters for assisted reproduction: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2005]
    • Single embryo transfer: a mini-review [2005]
    • Resolving methodological and clinical issues in the design of efficacy trials in assisted reproductive technologies: a mini-review [2005]
    • Oocyte number per live birth in IVF: were Steptoe and Edwards less wasteful? [2005]
    • Life table (survival) analysis to generate cumulative pregnancy rates in assisted reproduction: are we overestimating our success rates? [2005]
    • Laboratory safety during assisted reproduction in patients with blood-borne viruses [2005]
    • The impact of assisted hatching on live birth rates and outcomes of assisted conception: a systematic review [2003]
  • Human Reproduction Update
    • Systematic review of oocyte donation: investigating attitudes, motivations and experiences [2009]
    • Prediction models in reproductive medicine: a critical appraisal [2009]
    • Oocyte aging: cellular and molecular changes, developmental potential and reversal possibility [2009]
    • Cell volume regulation in oocytes and early embryos: connecting physiology to successful culture media [2009]
    • Women's emotional adjustment to IVF: a systematic review of 25 years of research [2007]
    • The impact of lifestyle factors on reproductive performance in the general population and those undergoing infertility treatment: a review [2007]
    • Economic evaluations of single- versus double-embryo transfer in IVF [2007]
    • Spermatozoal nuclear determinants of reproductive outcome: implications for ART [2005]
    • Female and male lifestyle habits and IVF: what is known and unknown [2005]
    • The biological basis of non-invasive strategies for selection of human oocytes and embryos [2003]
    • Selection based on morphological assessment of oocytes and embryos at different stages of preimplantation development: a review [2003]
    • Rethinking gamete/embryo isolation and culture with microfluidics [2003]
    • Oocyte freezing: here to stay? [2003]
    • Effects of in-vivo and in-vitro environments on the metabolism of the cumulus-oocyte complex and its influence on oocyte developmental capacity [2003]
  • International Journal of Developmental Biology
    • Triploidy - the breakdown of monogamy between sperm and egg [2008]
  • Journal of Andrology
    • Utility of Magnetic Cell Separation as a Molecular Sperm Preparation Technique [2008]
  • Journal of Bangladesh College of Physicians and Surgeons
    • Assisted Reproductive Technology: Techniques and Limitations [2008]
  • Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
    • Reproductive Technologies for Male Infertility [2001]
  • Journal of Clinical Investigation
    • Portrait of an oocyte: our obscure origin [2010]
  • Journal of Reproduction and Development
    • How to repair the oocyte and zygote? [2009]
    • Application of in vitro maturation to assisted reproductive technology [2009]
  • Medical Journal of Australia
    • Y chromosome microdeletions: implications for assisted conception [2006]
  • Medicina
    • Morphological criteria of oocyte quality [2009]
  • Molecular Human Reproduction
    • The role of proteomics in defining the human embryonic secretome [2009]
  • Reproduction
    • From egg to embryo: a peripatetic journey [2005]
  • Reproductive Biology
    • Role of oocyte quality in meiotic maturation and embryonic development [2010]
  • Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology
    • Follicular fluid content and oocyte quality: from single biochemical markers to metabolomics [2009]
    • Factors affecting the outcome of human blastocyst vitrification [2009]
    • Sperm preparation for ART [2003]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Preimplantation diagnosis
    • Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)
    • Infertility
    • Ethics, jurisprudence: reproductive techniques
    • Assisted reproductive techniques: pregnancy outcomes
    • Assisted reproductive techniques: ovarian stimulation
    • Artificial insemination

Assisted reproductive techniques: ovarian stimulation

• International
  • Cochrane Library
    • Recombinant versus urinary human chorionic gonadotrophin for ovulation induction in assisted conception
    • Peri-implantation glucocorticoid administration for assisted reproductive technology cycles
    • Oral contraceptive pill, progestogen or estrogen pre-treatment for ovarian stimulation protocols for women undergoing assisted reproductive techniques
    • Monitoring of stimulated cycles in assisted reproduction (IVF and ICSI)
    • Interventions for 'poor responders' to controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) in in-vitro fertilisation (IVF)
    • Human menopausal gonadotropin versus recombinant follicle stimulation hormone for ovarian stimulation in assisted reproductive cycles
    • Growth hormone for in vitro fertilization
    • Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone antagonists for assisted conception
    • Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist protocols for pituitary suppression in assisted reproduction
    • Embryo freezing for preventing ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome
    • Depot versus daily administration of gonadotrophin releasing hormone agonist protocols for pituitary desensitization in assisted reproduction cycles
    • Cycle regimens for frozen-thawed embryo transfer
    • "Coasting" (withholding gonadotrophins) for preventing ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome
• Articles in journals
  • Endocrine Reviews
    • The Science behind 25 Years of Ovarian Stimulation for in Vitro Fertilization [2006]
  • European Journal of Endocrinology
    • GnRH analogues: applications in assisted reproductive techniques [2008]
  • Human Reproduction
    • Self-operated endovaginal telemonitoring (SOET): a step towards more patient-centred ART? [2010]
    • Improving the patient's experience of IVF/ICSI: a proposal for an ovarian stimulation protocol with GnRH antagonist co-treatment [2009]
    • GnRHa to trigger final oocyte maturation: a time to reconsider [2009]
    • Urinary hMG versus recombinant FSH for controlled ovarian hyperstimulation following an agonist long down-regulation protocol in IVF or ICSI treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2008]
    • Assessment of ovarian reserve--should we perform tests of ovarian reserve routinely? [2006]
    • Recombinant versus urinary gonadotrophins for triggering ovulation in assisted conception [2005]
    • Prediction of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome: Challenging the estradiol mythos [2003]
    • Coasting--what is the best formula? [2003]
    • Bye-bye urinary gonadotrophins?: Recombinant FSH: A real progress in ovulation induction and IVF? [2003]
  • Human Reproduction Update
    • The clinical significance of the retrieval of a low number of oocytes following mild ovarian stimulation for IVF: a meta-analysis [2009]
    • Mild ovarian stimulation for IVF [2009]
    • Advances in recombinant DNA technology: corifollitropin alfa, a hybrid molecule with sustained follicle-stimulating activity and reduced injection frequency [2009]
    • Addition of growth hormone to gonadotrophins in ovarian stimulation of poor responders treated by in-vitro fertilization: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2009]
    • Use of letrozole in assisted reproduction: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2008]
    • The classification, functions and clinical use of different isoforms of HCG [2006]
    • GnRH antagonists in ovarian stimulation for IVF [2006]
    • GnRH agonist for triggering final oocyte maturation in the GnRH antagonist ovarian hyperstimulation protocol: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2006]
    • Are endogenous LH levels during ovarian stimulation for IVF using GnRH analogues associated with the probability of ongoing pregnancy? A systematic review [2006]
    • Among patients treated for IVF with gonadotrophins and GnRH analogues, is the probability of live birth dependent on the type of analogue used? A systematic review and meta-analysis [2006]
    • A systematic review of tests predicting ovarian reserve and IVF outcome [2006]
    • Review of clinical course and treatment of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) [2003]
    • Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome: classifications and critical analysis of preventive measures [2003]
    • Epidemiology and prevention of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS): a review [2003]
    • Clinical management of low ovarian response to stimulation for IVF: a systematic review [2003]
  • International Journal of Women's Health
    • Success of frozen embryo transfer: Does the type of gonadotropin influence the outcome? [2010]
  • Molecular Human Reproduction
    • Paracrine support of ovarian stimulation [2010]
  • Reproduction
    • The impact of ovarian stimulation for IVF on the developing embryo [2010]
  • Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology
    • Recombinant human follicle-stimulating hormone produces more oocytes with a lower total dose per cycle in assisted reproductive technologies compared with highly purified human menopausal gonadotrophin: a meta-analysis [2010]
    • Biological versus chronological ovarian age: implications for assisted reproductive technology [2009]
    • Overriding follicle selection in controlled ovarian stimulation protocols: Quality vs quantity [2004]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Assisted reproductive techniques

Assisted reproductive techniques: pregnancy outcomes

• Canada
  • Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada
    • Pregnancy outcomes after assisted reproductive technology [2006]
• Europe
  • European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology
    • Birth defects in IVF children [2009]
    • Risks and complications in assisted reproduction techniques: Report of an ESHRE consensus meeting [2003]
• United Kingdom
  • British Fertility Society
    • BFS Response to HFEA public consultation on Multiple births after IVF [2007]
  • Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Multiple Pregnancy Following Assisted Reproduction [2011]
    • Perinatal Risks Associated with IVF [2007]
• Articles in journals
  • Human Molecular Genetics
    • Imprinting and assisted reproductive technology [2005]
  • Human Reproduction
    • Children born after cryopreservation of embryos or oocytes: a systematic review of outcome data [2009]
    • Assisted reproductive technologies and the risk of birth defects--a systematic review [2005]
  • Human Reproduction Update
    • The risk of monozygotic twins after assisted reproductive technology: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2008]
    • Effects of cigarette smoking upon clinical outcomes of assisted reproduction: a meta-analysis [2008]
    • IVF/ICSI twin pregnancies: risks and prevention [2005]
    • Assisted reproduction: the epigenetic perspective [2005]
  • International Journal of Epidemiology
    • Birth defects in children conceived by ICSI compared with children conceived by other IVF-methods; a meta-analysis [2005]
  • Italian Journal of Pediatrics
    • Toward a bioethical issue: induced multiple pregnancies and neonatal outcomes [2010]
  • Journal of Toxicological Sciences
    • Intrauterine environment-genome interaction and children's development (3): Assisted reproductive technologies and developmental disorders [2009]
  • Reproductive Health
    • Genomic imprinting and assisted reproduction [2004]
  • Seminars in Reproductive Medicine
    • Imprinting Disorders and Assisted Reproductive Technology [2009]
  • Toxicological Sciences
    • Perspectives: The Possible Influence of Assisted Reproductive Technologies on Transgenerational Reproductive Effects of Environmental Endocrine Disruptors [2007]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Assisted reproductive techniques

Ectopic pregnancy

• International
  • Cochrane Library
    • Interventions for tubal ectopic pregnancy
• Sri Lanka
  • Sri Lanka College of Obstetricians & Gynaecologists
    • Management of Ectopic Pregnancy [2007]
• United Kingdom
  • Bandolier
    • Methotrexate for ectopic pregnancy [2003]
  • Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Laparoscopic Management of Tubal Ectopic Pregnancy [2010]
    • The Management of Tubal Pregnancy [2004]
• United States of America
  • National Guideline Clearinghouse
    • Medical management of ectopic pregnancy. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists [2008]
• WHO
  • WHO Reproductive Health Library
    • Interventions for tubal ectopic pregnancy [2007]
• Articles in journals
  • Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica
    • The need for serum biomarker development for diagnosing and excluding tubal ectopic pregnancy [2010]
  • American Family Physician
    • Diagnosis and Management of Ectopic Pregnancy [2005]
    • Ectopic Pregnancy [2000]
  • Australian Family Physician
    • Ectopic pregnancy - Risk factors and diagnosis [2006]
  • Canadian Family Physician
    • Effect of methotrexate treatment of ectopic pregnancy on subsequent pregnancy [2011]
  • Canadian Journal of Emergency Medicine
    • Diagnostic accuracy and clinical utility of emergency department targeted ultrasonography in the evaluation of first-trimester pelvic pain and bleeding: a systematic review [2009]
  • Canadian Medical Association Journal
    • Diagnosis and treatment of ectopic pregnancy [2005]
  • Clinics
    • Serum markers in the diagnosis of tubal pregnancy [2008]
  • Human Reproduction Update
    • Current evidence on surgery, systemic methotrexate and expectant management in the treatment of tubal ectopic pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2008]
  • RadioGraphics
    • Diagnostic Clues to Ectopic Pregnancy [2008]
  • Radiology
    • Ectopic Pregnancy [2007]
  • Reproduction
    • Ectopic pregnancy in animals and humans [2006]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Infertility
    • Gynecologic surgery
  • Surgery - Free videos
    • Laparoscopic salpingotomy for tubal pregnancy - Free videos
    • Laparoscopic salpingectomy for tubal pregnancy - Free videos

Female infertility

• Canada
  • Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada
    • Delayed Child-Bearing [2012]
• International
  • Cochrane Library
    • Preconception lifestyle advice for people with subfertility
• United Kingdom
  • National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence
    • Falloposcopy with coaxial catheter [2004]
  • Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Fetal and Maternal Risks of Diethylstilboestrol Exposure in Pregnancy [2002]
• United States of America
  • American College of Radiology
    • ACR Practice Guideline for the Performance of Sonohysterography [2007]
    • ACR Practice Guideline for the Performance of Hysterosalpingography [2006]
  • American Dietetic Association
    • Obesity, Reproduction and Pregnancy Outcomes [2009]
• Articles in journals
  • British Medical Journal
    • Unexplained infertility, endometriosis, and fibroids [2003]
    • Tubal subfertility [2003]
    • Anovulation [2003]
  • Current Opinion in Obstetrics and Gynecology
    • Impact of oxidative stress on female fertility [2009]
  • Human Reproduction
    • Early ovarian ageing: a hypothesis: Detection and clinical relevance [2003]
  • Human Reproduction Update
    • Oxidative stress and antioxidants: exposure and impact on female fertility [2008]
    • Oocyte-secreted factors: regulators of cumulus cell function and oocyte quality [2008]
    • Impact of endocrine disruptor chemicals in gynaecology [2008]
    • Cellular and molecular aspects of ovarian follicle ageing [2008]
    • The position of diagnostic laparoscopy in current fertility practice [2007]
    • The reproductive significance of human Fallopian tube cilia [2006]
    • The human endometrium as a fertility-determining factor [2006]
    • Pathophysiology of impaired ovarian function in galactosaemia [2006]
    • Endometrial receptivity markers, the journey to successful embryo implantation [2006]
  • Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada (JOGC)
    • Metabolic Fuel and Clinical Implications for Female Reproduction [2007]
  • RadioGraphics
    • Müllerian Duct Anomalies and Mimics in Children and Adolescents: Correlative Intraoperative Assessment with Clinical Imaging [2009]
    • MR Imaging Findings of Hydrosalpinx: A Comprehensive Review [2009]
    • Hysterosalpingography: A Reemerging Study [2006]
    • A Review of Selective Salpingography and Fallopian Tube Catheterization [2000]
  • Reproduction
    • The adverse effects of obesity on conception and implantation [2010]
    • Innate immunity and disorders of the female reproductive tract [2008]
  • Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology
    • Three-dimensional ultrasound assessment of endometrial receptivity: a review [2006]
    • Pesticide exposure: the hormonal function of the female reproductive system disrupted? [2006]
    • Smoking and reproduction: The oviduct as a target of cigarette smoke [2005]
    • Role of oxidative stress in female reproduction [2005]
  • Sao Paulo Medical Journal
    • Müllerian duct anomalies: review of current management [2009]
  • Singapore Medical Journal
    • Hysterosalpingography: current applications [2007]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Menstruation disturbances, female gonadal disorders
    • Infertility
    • Hirsutism, acne, alopecia, adrenal gland diseases
    • Genital infections, sexually transmitted diseases
    • Female sexual disorders
    • Female infertility treatment
    • Endometriosis

Female infertility treatment

• Canada
  • Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada
    • The Diagnosis and Management of Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome [2011]
• International
  • Cochrane Library
    • Tubal flushing for subfertility
    • Surgery for tubal infertility
    • Postoperative procedures for improving fertility following pelvic reproductive surgery
    • Oral versus injectable ovulation induction agents for unexplained subfertility
    • Intra-venous albumin for preventing severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome
    • Danazol for unexplained subfertility
    • Clomiphene citrate for unexplained subfertility in women
    • Barrier agents for preventing adhesions after surgery for subfertility
• United Kingdom
  • National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence
    • Fallopian tube recanalisation by guidewire [2004]
  • Royal College of Nursing
    • Caring for patients with ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome: RCN guidance for fertility nurses [2006]
  • Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Recurrent synechiae and infertility - query bank [2010]
    • The Management of Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome [2006]
• Articles in journals
  • Canadian Family Physician
    • Is the use of letrozole to induce ovulation teratogenic? [2008]
  • Human Reproduction
    • Ovulation induction: a mini review [2005]
    • Clomiphene citrate--end of an era? a mini-review [2005]
    • Can we eliminate severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome? [2005]
  • Human Reproduction Update
    • The effectiveness of hysteroscopy in improving pregnancy rates in subfertile women without other gynaecological symptoms: a systematic review [2010]
    • Mono-ovulatory cycles: a key goal in profertility programmes [2003]
  • Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics
    • Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome: pathophysiology and prevention [2010]
  • Journal of Bangladesh College of Physicians and Surgeons
    • Aromatase Inhibitors: New Drug of Choice for Induction of Ovulation [2010]
  • Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
    • Aromatase Inhibitors for Ovulation Induction [2006]
    • Roles and Novel Regimens of Luteinizing Hormone and Follicle-Stimulating Hormone in Ovulation Induction [2001]
  • Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada (JOGC)
    • Fetal Safety of Letrozole and Clomiphene Citrate for Ovulation Induction [2007]
    • Clomiphene Citrate: An Old Favourite Lives On [2007]
  • Molecular Human Reproduction
    • Recent progress in luteinizing hormone/human chorionic gonadotrophin hormone research [2009]
  • Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology
    • The role of aromatase inhibitors in ameliorating deleterious effects of ovarian stimulation on outcome of infertility treatment [2005]
  • Women's Health
    • Fallopian tube recanalization: lessons learnt and future challenges [2010]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Female infertility

Fertility preservation

• Australia, New Zealand
  • Medical Journal of Australia
    • Fertility preservation in children newly diagnosed with cancer: existing standards of practice in Australia and New Zealand [2006]
• Europe
  • European Society for Medical Oncology
    • Cancer, fertility and pregnancy: ESMO Clinical Recommendations for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up [2009]
• International
  • Cochrane Library
    • Fluid and pharmacological agents for adhesion prevention after gynaecological surgery
• United Kingdom
  • British Fertility Society
    • A strategy for fertility services for survivors of childhood cancer [2003]
  • Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Fertility preservation before chemotherapy - query bank [2009]
    • The effects of cancer treatment on reproductive functions - Guidance on management [2007]
  • Royal College of Physicians
    • Effects of cancer treatment on reproductive functions [2008]
  • Royal College of Radiologists
    • The effects of cancer treatment on reproductive functions : guidance on management [2007]
• United States of America
  • American Academy of Pediatrics
    • Preservation of Fertility in Pediatric and Adolescent Patients With Cancer [2008]
  • American Society for Reproductive Medicine
    • Fertility Preservation
  • American Society of Clinical Oncology
    • American Society of Clinical Oncology Recommendations on Fertility Preservation in Cancer Patients [2006]
  • National Guideline Clearinghouse
    • Preservation of fertility in pediatric and adolescent patients with cancer. American Academy of Pediatrics [2008]
• Articles in journals
  • Acta Oncologica
    • Gonadal dysfunction and fertility problems in cancer survivors [2007]
  • British Medical Journal
    • Further advances and uses of assisted conception technology [2003]
  • Cancer Treatment and Research
    • Medical Hope, Legal Pitfalls: Potential Legal Issues in the Emerging Field of Oncofertility [2010]
  • Expert Reviews
    • Spermatogonial stem cell biomarkers: improved outcomes of spermatogonial transplantation in male fertility restoration? [2009]
  • Hematology
    • Sexuality and Fertility after Cancer [2005]
  • Human Reproduction
    • Ovarian tissue banking for cancer patients: is ovarian cortex cryopreservation presently justified? [2004]
    • Ovarian tissue banking for cancer patients: Fertility preservation, not just ovarian cryopreservation [2004]
  • Human Reproduction Update
    • Psychological aspects of fertility preservation in men and women affected by cancer and other life-threatening diseases [2009]
    • Orthotopic and heterotopic ovarian tissue transplantation [2009]
    • Ovarian tissue cryopreservation and transplantation: a review [2006]
    • Fertility in female cancer survivors: pathophysiology, preservation and the role of ovarian reserve testing [2005]
  • Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics
    • Oocyte cryopreservation: is it time to remove its experimental label? [2010]
  • Journal of Clinical Oncology
    • Ovarian Failure and Reproductive Outcomes After Childhood Cancer Treatment: Results From the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study [2009]
  • Journal of Women's Health
    • Ovarian Preservation by GnRH Agonists during Chemotherapy: A Meta-Analysis [2009]
  • Medical Journal of Australia
    • Preserving the fertility of children with cancer [2006]
  • New England Journal of Medicine
    • Preservation of Fertility in Patients with Cancer [2009]
  • Reproduction
    • Ovary and uterus transplantation [2008]
    • Ovarian cryopreservation for fertility preservation: indications and outcomes [2008]
    • Hormonal suppression for fertility preservation in males and females [2008]
  • Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology
    • Three-dimensional in vitro follicle growth: overview of culture models, biomaterials, design parameters and future directions [2010]
    • The Human Oocyte Preservation Experience (HOPE) a phase IV, prospective, multicenter, observational oocyte cryopreservation registry [2009]
    • Cryopreservation/transplantation of ovarian tissue and in vitro maturation of follicles and oocytes: challenges for fertility preservation [2008]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Infertility
    • Gynecologic oncology

Infertility

• Canada
  • Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada
    • Advanced Reproductive Age and Fertility [2011]
• Europe
  • European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology
    • Optimal use of infertility diagnostic tests and treatments [2000]
• United Kingdom
  • Department of Health UK
    • Regulated fertility services: a commissioning aid [2009]
  • National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence
    • Fertility [2004]
  • Royal College of Nursing
    • Infertility provision in England [2009]
  • Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Fertility: assessment and treatment for people with fertility problems [2004]
• United States of America
  • Association of Women's Health, Obstetric and Neonatal Nurses
    • Infertility Treatment as a Covered Health Insurance Benefit [2000]
  • CDC Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART)
    • National Action Plan for the Prevention, Detection, and Management of Infertility [2010]
  • CDC Sexually Transmitted Diseases
    • Infertility & STDs
  • Lab Tests Online - American Association for Clinical Chemistry
    • Infertility
  • Madigan Army Medical Center
    • Infertility Referral Guidelines [2009]
  • National Guideline Clearinghouse
    • Fertility: assessment and treatment for people with fertility problems. National Collaborating Centre for Women's and Children's Health [2004]
• Articles in journals
  • American Family Physician
    • Infertility [2007]
  • British Medical Journal
    • Making a diagnosis [2003]
    • Intractable infertility [2003]
    • Counselling [2003]
  • Canadian Medical Association Journal
    • Environment and health: 6. Endocrine disruption and potential human health implications [2000]
  • Development
    • Meiotic sex chromosome inactivation [2007]
  • Endocrine Reviews
    • Jekyll and Hyde: Two Faces of Cannabinoid Signaling in Male and Female Fertility [2006]
  • Endocrine-Related Cancer
    • Reproductive disturbances in multiple neuroendocrine tumor syndromes [2009]
  • Human Reproduction
    • Evidence of improving quality of reporting of randomized controlled trials in subfertility [2006]
    • Definition and prevalence of subfertility and infertility [2005]
    • Gaps in the evidence for fertility treatment--an analysis of the Cochrane Menstrual Disorders and Subfertility Group database [2003]
  • Human Reproduction Update
    • The efficacy of psychological interventions for infertile patients: a meta-analysis examining mental health and pregnancy rate [2009]
    • Approaches to improve the diagnosis and management of infertility [2009]
    • The importance of folate, zinc and antioxidants in the pathogenesis and prevention of subfertility [2007]
    • Sperm transport in the female reproductive tract [2006]
    • Fertility and ageing [2005]
    • Environmental and occupational factors affecting fertility and IVF success [2005]
  • Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics
    • Sperm DNA damage in male infertility: etiologies, assays, and outcomes [2010]
  • Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
    • Genetic Causes of Human Reproductive Disease [2002]
    • Reproductive Function in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection [2001]
  • Journal of Endocrinology
    • Kisspeptin and fertility [2011]
  • Journal of the American Board of Family Practice
    • A primary care approach to the infertile couple [2001]
  • Reproduction
    • Molecular interactions of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor and its biological and toxicological relevance for reproduction [2005]
  • Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology
    • Management of the infertile couple: an evidence-based protocol [2010]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Sexual dysfunction
    • Miscarriage
    • Menstruation disturbances, female gonadal disorders
    • Male infertility
    • Infertility: epidemiology
    • Hirsutism, acne, alopecia, adrenal gland diseases
    • Genital infections, sexually transmitted diseases
    • Fertility preservation
    • Female infertility
    • Endometriosis
    • Ectopic pregnancy
    • Assisted reproductive techniques
    • Andrology

Infertility: epidemiology

• Denmark
  • Danish Medical Bulletin
    • Infertility and assisted reprodution in Denmark [2006]
• Ethiopia
  • UNFPA Ethiopia
    • Levels, Trends and Determinants of Lifetime and Desired Fertility in Ethiopia: Findings from EDHS 2005 [2008]
• International
  • United Nations Population Division
    • World Fertility Data 2008 [2008]
    • World Fertility Patterns 2007 [2007]
    • World Fertility Report 2003 [2005]
• United States of America
  • CDC National Center for Health Statistics
    • Fertility, Contraception, and Fatherhood: Data on Men and Women From Cycle 6 (2002) of the National Survey of Family Growth [2006]
    • Infertility
  • Demographic and Health Surveys
    • Infecundity, Infertility, and Childlessness in Developing Countries [2004]
  • U.S. Census Bureau
    • Fertility of American Women: June 2004 [2005]
• Articles in journals
  • American Journal of Epidemiology
    • Studying Time to Pregnancy by Use of a Retrospective Design [2005]
  • British Medical Journal
    • Extent of the problem [2003]
  • Human Reproduction
    • Monitoring reproductive health in Europe: what are the best indicators? [2007]
    • Monitoring reproductive health in Europe: what are the best indicators of reproductive health? A need for evidence-based quality indicators of reproductive health care [2007]
  • Human Reproduction Update
    • Infertility and the provision of infertility medical services in developing countries [2008]
  • International Journal of Epidemiology
    • Primary and secondary infertility in sub-Saharan Africa [2000]
  • Philosophical Transactions of The Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
    • Stall in fertility decline in Eastern African countries: regional analysis of patterns, determinants and implications [2009]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Infertility

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)

• International
  • Cochrane Library
    • Techniques for surgical retrieval of sperm prior to ICSI for azoospermia
    • Intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection versus conventional techniques for oocyte insemination during in vitro fertilisation in patients with non-male subfertility
• Articles in journals
  • British Medical Journal
    • Assisted conception. II—In vitro fertilisation and intracytoplasmic sperm injection [2003]
  • Human Reproduction
    • Safety issues in assisted reproduction technology: From theory to reality--just what are the data telling us about ICSI offspring health and future fertility and should we be concerned? [2003]
  • Human Reproduction Update
    • Techniques for cryopreservation of individual or small numbers of human spermatozoa: a systematic review [2009]
    • Karyotyping, congenital anomalies and follow-up of children after intracytoplasmic sperm injection with non-ejaculated sperm: a systematic review [2009]
    • Which is the best sperm retrieval technique for non-obstructive azoospermia? A systematic review [2007]
  • Molecular Human Reproduction
    • The role of centrosomes in mammalian fertilization and its significance for ICSI [2009]
  • Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology
    • Administration of single-dose GnRH agonist in the luteal phase in ICSI cycles: a meta-analysis [2010]
  • Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine
    • Essential roles of the sperm centrosome in human fertilization: developing the therapy for fertilization failure due to sperm centrosomal dysfunction [2010]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Assisted reproductive techniques

Male infertility

• Europe
  • European Association of Urology
    • Guidelines on Male Infertility [2010]
• United States of America
  • American College of Radiology
    • Hematospermia [2010]
  • American Urological Association
    • The Optimal Evaluation of the Infertile Male: Best Practice Statement [2010]
    • The Evaluation of the Azoospermic Male: Best Practice Statement [2010]
  • Madigan Army Medical Center
    • Undescended Testicle Referral Guidelines [2009]
    • Male Infertility Referral Guideline [2009]
  • National Guideline Clearinghouse
    • The optimal evaluation of the infertile male: AUA best practice statement. American Urological Association Education and Research [2010]
    • The evaluation of the azoospermic male: AUA best practice statement. American Urological Association Education and Research [2010]
    • Guidelines on male infertility. European Association of Urology [2010]
    • ACR Appropriateness Criteria® hematospermia [2010]
    • Cryptorchidism. In: Guidelines on paediatric urology. European Association of Urology [2009]
    • Varicocele in children and adolescents. In: Guidelines on paediatric urology. European Association of Urology [2008]
    • Micropenis. In: Guidelines on paediatric urology. European Association of Urology [2008]
• WHO
  • World Health Organization
    • WHO laboratory manual for the examination and processing of human semen. Fifth edition [2010]
• Articles in journals
  • American Family Physician
    • Evaluation of the Subfertile Man [2003]
    • The Undescended Testicle: Diagnosis and Management [2000]
  • American Journal of Roentgenology
    • Imaging of Male Infertility: Pictorial Review [2009]
  • Arquivos Brasileiros de Endocrinologia e Metabologia
    • Clinical implications of altered thyroid status in male testicular function [2009]
  • Asian Journal of Andrology
    • Semen analysis: a new manual and its application to the understanding of semen and its pathology [2010]
    • Defining laboratory reference values and decision limits: populations, intervals, and interpretations [2010]
    • Male reproductive organs are at risk from environmental hazards [2009]
  • Biology of Reproduction
    • Sertoli Cell Tight Junction Dynamics: Their Regulation During Spermatogenesis [2003]
  • BMC Public Health
    • Decreasing sperm quality: a global problem? [2010]
  • British Medical Journal
    • Male subfertility [2003]
  • Canadian Medical Association Journal
    • Sperm DNA damage: clinical significance in the era of assisted reproduction [2006]
  • Deutsches Ärzteblatt International
    • The Undescended Testis: Diagnosis, Treatment and Long-Term Consequences [2009]
  • Endocrine Reviews
    • Androgen Receptor Roles in Spermatogenesis and Fertility: Lessons from Testicular Cell-Specific Androgen Receptor Knockout Mice [2009]
    • Role of Hormones, Genes, and Environment in Human Cryptorchidism [2008]
  • Epigenetics
    • Perturbation of genomic imprinting in oligozoospermia [2009]
  • European Journal of Endocrinology
    • Undescended testes: a consensus on management [2008]
    • Factors controlling testis descent [2008]
  • Human Molecular Genetics
    • Noonan syndrome and related disorders: dysregulated RAS-mitogen activated protein kinase signal transduction [2006]
  • Human Reproduction
    • Histological evaluation of the human testis--approaches to optimizing the clinical value of the assessment: Mini Review [2007]
  • Human Reproduction Update
    • The AZFc region of the Y chromosome: at the crossroads between genetic diversity and male infertility [2010]
    • Paternal age and reproduction [2009]
    • Male infertility and the involvement of the X chromosome [2009]
    • Oxidative stress and male infertility--a clinical perspective [2008]
    • Epidemiology and pathogenesis of cryptorchidism [2008]
    • Effects of environmental and occupational pesticide exposure on human sperm: a systematic review [2008]
    • Cytogenetic determinants of male fertility [2008]
    • Globozoospermia revisited [2007]
    • Towards a better understanding of RNA carriage by ejaculate spermatozoa [2006]
    • Protamines and male infertility [2006]
    • AZF deletions and Y chromosomal haplogroups: history and update based on sequence [2005]
    • Sperm pathology: a step beyond descriptive morphology. Origin, characterization and fertility potential of abnormal sperm phenotypes in infertile men [2003]
  • Indian Journal of Medical Research
    • Oxidative stress & male infertility [2009]
  • International Journal of Andrology
    • An evolutionary perspective on Y-chromosomal variation and male infertility [2008]
  • Journal of Andrology
    • Regulation of Male Fertility by X-Linked Genes [2009]
    • Considerations in Evaluating Human Spermatogenesis on the Basis of Total Sperm per Ejaculate [2009]
    • Are Tests of Sperm DNA Damage Clinically Useful? Pros and Cons [2009]
    • The Clinical Implementation of Sperm Chromosome Aneuploidy Testing: Pitfalls and Promises [2008]
    • Obesity and Male Reproductive Potential [2006]
    • Infertility Caused by Polymorphisms or Mutations in Spermatogenesis-Specific Genes [2006]
    • Why the WHO Recommendations for Eosin-Nigrosin Staining Techniques for Human Sperm Vitality Assessment Must Change [2005]
    • Prevention of Oxidative Stress Injury to Sperm [2005]
  • Journal of Biology
    • The human spermatozoon - a stripped down but refined machine [2009]
  • Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology
    • Genetic Dissection of the AZF Regions of the Human Y Chromosome: Thriller or Filler for Male (In)fertility? [2010]
  • Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
    • Approach to the Infertile Man [2007]
  • Journal of Molecular Endocrinology
    • The renin-angiotensin system and male reproduction: new functions for old hormones [2003]
  • Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine
    • Effects of Spinal Cord Injury on Semen Parameters [2008]
  • Medical Journal of Australia
    • Male reproductive health and the environment [2006]
  • Molecular Human Reproduction
    • Toxicants and human sperm chromatin integrity [2010]
    • Do heat stress and deficits in DNA repair pathways have a negative impact on male fertility? [2008]
  • Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases
    • Noonan syndrome [2007]
  • Pediatric Blood & Cancer
    • Male Gonadal Toxicity [2009]
  • Reproduction
    • Unravelling the genetics of spermatogenic failure [2010]
    • Epigenetic regulation in male germ cells [2008]
    • Is sperm evaluation useful in predicting human fertility? [2007]
    • Concepts in sperm heterogeneity, sperm selection and sperm competition as biological foundations for laboratory tests of semen quality [2004]
  • Reproductive Biology
    • Cryptorchidism and long-term consequences [2010]
  • Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology
    • Spermatozoal sensitive biomarkers to defective protaminosis and fragmented DNA [2007]
    • Lifestyle impact and the biology of the human scrotum [2007]
    • Is there a relationship between sperm chromosome abnormalities and sperm morphology? [2006]
    • Reactive oxygen species in spermatozoa: methods for monitoring and significance for the origins of genetic disease and infertility [2005]
    • Understanding spermatogenesis is a prerequisite for treatment [2003]
  • Revista do Hospital das Clinicas
    • Measuring male infertility: epidemiological aspects [2003]
  • Singapore Medical Journal
    • Genetics of human male infertility [2009]
  • Swiss Medical Weekly
    • Management of cryptorchidism in children: guidelines [2008]
  • Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
    • Cadmium-induced Testicular Injury [2009]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Testicular cancer
    • Male sexual disorders
    • Male infertility treatment
    • Male genital infections
    • Klinefelter syndrome
    • Infertility
    • Andrology

Male infertility treatment

• International
  • Cochrane Library
    • Surgery or embolisation for varicocele in subfertile men
    • Gonadotrophins for idiopathic male factor subfertility
    • Antioxidants for male subfertility
• United States of America
  • American Urological Association
    • The Management of Obstructive Azoospermia: Best Practice Statement [2010]
  • National Guideline Clearinghouse
    • The management of obstructive azoospermia: AUA best practice statement. American Urological Association Education and Research [2010]
• Articles in journals
  • Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics
    • Antioxidants and sperm DNA damage: a clinical perspective [2010]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Male infertility

Miscarriage

• Europe
  • European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology
    • Predicting adverse obstetric outcome after early pregnancy events and complications: a review [2009]
• International
  • Cochrane Library
    • Vitamin supplementation for preventing miscarriage
    • Surgical procedures to evacuate incomplete miscarriage
    • Progestogen for treating threatened miscarriage
    • Medical treatment for early fetal death (less than 24 weeks)
    • Bed rest during pregnancy for preventing miscarriage
• United Kingdom
  • Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Antibiotics for retained products of conception - query bank [2011]
    • Surgical Evacuation of the Uterus for Early Pregnancy Loss (Consent Advice) [2010]
    • Medical management of miscarriage - query bank [2010]
    • The Management of Early Pregnancy Loss [2006]
• United States of America
  • American College of Radiology
    • First Trimester Bleeding [2009]
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • DES Update
  • National Guideline Clearinghouse
    • ACR Appropriateness Criteria® first trimester bleeding [2009]
• WHO
  • WHO Reproductive Health Library
    • Progestogen for preventing miscarriage [2009]
    • Medical treatment for early fetal death (less than 24 weeks) [2007]
    • Expectant care versus surgical treatment for miscarriage [2006]
    • Surgical procedures to evacuate incomplete miscarriage [2002]
    • Antibiotics for incomplete abortion [2002]
• Articles in journals
  • American Family Physician
    • Second Trimester Pregnancy Loss [2007]
    • Management of Spontaneous Abortion [2005]
    • Diethylstilbestrol Exposure [2004]
    • Acute and Post-traumatic Stress Disorder After Spontaneous Abortion [2000]
  • American Journal of Reproductive Immunology
    • Inflammation and Implantation [2010]
  • British Medical Journal
    • Threatened miscarriage: evaluation and management [2004]
  • Current Opinion in Pediatrics
    • Maternal age and chromosomally abnormal pregnancies: what we know and what we wish we knew [2009]
  • Fertility and Sterility
    • Fetal and Early Postnatal Environmental Exposures and Reproductive Health Effects in the Female [2008]
  • Human Reproduction Update
    • Meiosis in oocytes: predisposition to aneuploidy and its increased incidence with age [2008]
  • Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics
    • Stress and reproductive failure: past notions, present insights and future directions [2008]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Uterine fibroids
    • Stillbirth, perinatal mortality
    • Recurrent miscarriage
    • Premature labor, preterm delivery
    • Maternal and neonatal infections
    • Infertility
    • Autoimmune diseases in pregnancy
  • Surgery - Free videos
    • Hysteroscopic resection of uterine septum - Free videos

Recurrent miscarriage

• Europe
  • European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology
    • Evidence-based guidelines for the investigation and medical treatment of recurrent miscarriage [2006]
• International
  • Cochrane Library
    • Progestogen for preventing miscarriage
• United Kingdom
  • Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Recurrent Miscarriage, Investigation and Treatment of Couples [2011]
    • Recurrent miscarriage and bicornuate uterus - query bank [2010]
    • Implantation and Early Development - study group statement [2005]
• United States of America
  • National Guideline Clearinghouse
    • Guideline recurrent miscarriage. Dutch Society of Obstetrics and Gynaecology [2007]
  • National Society of Genetic Counselors
    • Genetic Counseling and Evaluation of Couples with Recurrent Miscarriage: Recommendations of the National Society of Genetic Counselors [2005]
• Articles in journals
  • American Family Physician
    • Recurrent Miscarriage [2008]
  • Canadian Medical Association Journal
    • The effect of factor V Leiden carriage on maternal and fetal health [2002]
  • European Journal of Endocrinology
    • Risk of spontaneous miscarriage in euthyroid women with thyroid autoimmunity undergoing IVF: a meta-analysis [2010]
  • Hematology
    • Thrombophilia: What's a Practitioner to Do? [2001]
  • Hormones
    • Thyroid autoimmunity and miscarriage [2008]
  • Human Reproduction
    • Placental pathology of recurrent spontaneous abortion: the role of histopathological examination of products of conception in routine clinical practice: a mini review [2007]
    • Management of recurrent miscarriage: evaluating the impact of a guideline [2007]
  • Human Reproduction Update
    • Prevalence and diagnosis of congenital uterine anomalies in women with reproductive failure: a critical appraisal [2008]
    • Placental-related diseases of pregnancy: involvement of oxidative stress and implications in human evolution [2006]
    • Thyroid autoimmunity and hypothyroidism before and during pregnancy [2003]
  • Israel Medical Association Journal
    • Recurrent miscarriage: genetic factors and assessment of the embryo [2008]
  • Journal of Clinical Investigation
    • A noninflammatory pathway for pregnancy loss: innate immune activation? [2004]
  • Molecular Human Reproduction
    • Aberrant gene expression associated with recurrent pregnancy loss [2004]
  • Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology
    • Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase and transcobalamin genetic polymorphisms in human spontaneous abortion: biological and clinical implications [2004]
  • Singapore Medical Journal
    • Non-surgical interventions for threatened and recurrent miscarriages [2007]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Recurrent miscarriage: cervical incompetence, cervical cerclage
    • Recurrent miscarriage: antiphospholipid syndrome
    • Recurrent miscarriage: alloimmune causes, immunotherapy
    • Miscarriage

Recurrent miscarriage: alloimmune causes, immunotherapy

• International
  • Cochrane Library
    • Immunotherapy for recurrent miscarriage
• United Kingdom
  • Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Immunological Testing and Interventions for Reproductive Failure [2008]
• Articles in journals
  • British Medical Journal
    • Natural killer cells, miscarriage, and infertility [2004]
  • Endocrine Reviews
    • Natural Killer Cells in Pregnancy and Recurrent Pregnancy Loss: Endocrine and Immunologic Perspectives [2005]
  • FASEB Journal
    • HLA-G and immune tolerance in pregnancy [2005]
  • Human Reproduction Update
    • HLA-G in human reproduction: aspects of genetics, function and pregnancy complications [2006]
    • A review of immune cells and molecules in women with recurrent miscarriage [2003]
  • Israel Medical Association Journal
    • Intravenous immunoglobulin: effect on infertility and recurrent pregnancy loss [2007]
  • Journal of Nippon Medical School
    • Diagnosis and treatment of recurrent miscarriage associated with immunologic disorders: Is paternal lymphocyte immunization a relic of the past? [2004]
  • Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology
    • Tolerance of the fetus by the maternal immune system: role of inflammatory mediators at the feto-maternal interface [2003]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Recurrent miscarriage

Recurrent miscarriage: antiphospholipid syndrome

• International
  • Cochrane Library
    • Prevention of recurrent miscarriage for women with antiphospholipid antibody or lupus anticoagulant
    • Anticoagulants for the treatment of recurrent pregnancy loss in women without antiphospholipid syndrome
• United Kingdom
  • Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Antithrombotics in the Prevention of Recurrent Pregnancy Loss, The Use of [2011]
• United States of America
  • National Guideline Clearinghouse
    • Antiphospholipid syndrome. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists [2011]
• WHO
  • WHO Reproductive Health Library
    • Prevention of recurrent miscarriage for women with antiphospholipid antibody or lupus anticoagulant [2006]
• Articles in journals
  • Blood
    • How I treat the antiphospholipid syndrome [2009]
  • Canadian Medical Association Journal
    • Antiphospholipid syndrome: an overview [2003]
  • Clinical and Experimental Immunology
    • Clinical relevance of multiple antibody specificity testing in anti-phospholipid syndrome and recurrent pregnancy loss [2008]
  • Clinical Chemistry
    • Phospholipid Autoantibodies and the Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome: Diagnostic Accuracy of 23 Methods Studied by Variation in ROC Curves with Number of Clinical Manifestations [2002]
  • Hematology
    • Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome [2009]
    • The Antiphospholipid Syndrome [2007]
    • Platelet-Endothelial Interactions: Sepsis, HIT, and Antiphospholipid Syndrome [2003]
  • Human Reproduction Update
    • Bidirectional effects on autoimmunity and reproduction [2008]
  • Israel Medical Association Journal
    • Aspirin in recurrent miscarriage: is there an indication? [2009]
  • Journal of Postgraduate Medicine
    • Antiphospholipid syndrome and recurrent miscarriage [2002]
  • Journal of Rheumatology
    • The Spectrum of the Antiphospholipid Syndrome: A Matter of Perspective [2001]
  • Rheumatology
    • Recurrent spontaneous abortions in antiphospholipid syndrome: natural killer cells an additional mechanism in a multi factorial process [2007]
    • Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy of antiphospholipid syndrome [2000]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Recurrent miscarriage

Recurrent miscarriage: cervical incompetence, cervical cerclage

• International
  • Cochrane Library
    • Cervical stitch (cerclage) for preventing pregnancy loss in women
• United Kingdom
  • National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence
    • Laparoscopic cerclage for prevention of recurrent pregnancy loss due to cervical incompetence [2007]
  • Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Cervical Cerclage [2011]
    • Cervical cerclage - query bank [2009]
• United States of America
  • American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
    • ACOG Releases Bulletin on Managing Cervical Insufficiency [2003]
  • National Guideline Clearinghouse
    • Cervical insufficiency. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists [2003]
• WHO
  • WHO Reproductive Health Library
    • Cervical stitch (cerclage) for preventing pregnancy loss in women [2007]
• Articles in journals
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Clinical aspects of cervical insufficiency [2007]
  • Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology
    • Effectiveness of cerclage according to severity of cervical length shortening: a meta-analysis [2010]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Recurrent miscarriage