Obstetrics, gynecology and reproductive medicine guidelines

Maternal and neonatal infections

Guidelines, reviews, statements, recommendations, standards

Bacterial vaginosis in pregnancy

• Canada
  • Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada
    • Screening and management of bacterial vaginosis in pregnancy [2008]
• International
  • Cochrane Library
    • Antibiotics for treating bacterial vaginosis in pregnancy
• United States of America
  • National Guideline Clearinghouse
    • Screening and management of bacterial vaginosis in pregnancy. Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada [2008]
  • U.S. Preventive Services Task Force
    • Screening: Bacterial Vaginosis in Pregnancy [2008]
• WHO
  • WHO Reproductive Health Library
    • Antibiotics for treating bacterial vaginosis in pregnancy [2007]
• Articles in journals
  • American Family Physician
    • Screening for and Treating Asymptomatic Bacterial Vaginosis in Pregnancy [2002]
  • Epidemiologic Reviews
    • Bacterial Vaginosis in Pregnancy: Current Findings and Future Directions [2002]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Neonatal infections
    • Infections in pregnancy
    • Bacterial vaginosis

Candidiasis in pregnancy and newborn

• Australia, New Zealand
  • Australasian Society for Infectious Diseases
    • Australasian guidelines for antifungal therapy in neonates and children with proven, probable and suspected invasive fungal infections [2007]
• International
  • Cochrane Library
    • Topical treatment for vaginal candidiasis (thrush) in pregnancy
    • Systemic antifungal drugs for invasive fungal infection in preterm infants
    • Prophylactic oral/topical non-absorbed antifungal agents to prevent invasive fungal infection in very low birth weight infants
    • Patient isolation measures for infants with candida colonization or infection for preventing or reducing transmission of candida in neonatal units
• Articles in journals
  • Canadian Family Physician
    • Vaginal yeast infections during pregnancy [2009]
  • Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
    • Neonatal candidosis: clinical picture, management controversies and consensus, and new therapeutic options [2002]
  • Pediatrics
    • Neonatal Candidemia and End-Organ Damage: A Critical Appraisal of the Literature Using Meta-analytic Techniques [2003]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Neonatal infections
    • Infections in pregnancy
    • Candidiasis

Chlamydia infection in pregnancy

• Australia
  • Women & Newborn Health Service - Western Australia
    • Chlamydia [2008]
• International
  • Cochrane Library
    • Interventions for treating genital chlamydia trachomatis infection in pregnancy
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Neonatal infections
    • Infections in pregnancy
    • Chlamydia infections

Congenital syphilis

• International
  • Cochrane Library
    • Antibiotics for syphilis diagnosed during pregnancy
• South Africa
  • Maternal Care Manual - Perinatal Education Programme
    • Screening tests for syphilis [2006]
• United States of America
  • CDC Sexually Transmitted Diseases
    • Congenital Syphilis [2006]
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Congenital Syphilis --- United States, 2003--2008 [2010]
  • National Guideline Clearinghouse
    • Screening for syphilis infection in pregnancy: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force reaffirmation recommendation statement [2009]
  • U.S. Preventive Services Task Force
    • Screening for Syphilis Infection in Pregnancy [2009]
• WHO
  • WHO Regional Office for South-East Asia
    • Regional strategy for the elimination of congenital syphilis [2009]
  • WHO Reproductive Health Library
    • Antibiotics for syphilis diagnosed during pregnancy [2002]
  • World Health Organization
    • Methods for surveillance and monitoring of congenital syphilis elimination within existing systems [2011]
    • The global elimination of congenital syphilis: rationale and strategy for action [2007]
    • Eliminating congenital syphilis [2005]
• Articles in journals
  • Bulletin of the World Health Organization
    • The prevention and management of congenital syphilis: an overview and recommendations [2004]
    • Prevention of congenital syphilis - time for action [2004]
    • Maternal syphilis: pathophysiology and treatment [2004]
    • Maternal and congenital syphilis programmes: case studies in Bolivia, Kenya and South Africa [2004]
    • Economic and programmatic aspects of congenital syphilis prevention [2004]
    • Diagnostic tools for preventing and managing maternal and congenital syphilis: an overview [2004]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Syphilis
    • Neonatal infections
    • Infections in pregnancy

Cytomegalovirus

• Canada
  • Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada
    • Cytomegalovirus Infection in Pregnancy [2010]
• United States of America
  • CDC Cytomegalovirus
    • CDC Cytomegalovirus
  • National Guideline Clearinghouse
    • Cytomegalovirus infection in pregnancy. Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada [2010]
  • University of Michigan Evidence-Based Pediatrics
    • Treatment with ganciclovir prevents deterioration of hearing in infants with congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection [2009]
• Articles in journals
  • Clinical Microbiology Reviews
    • Neuropathogenesis of Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection: Disease Mechanisms and Prospects for Intervention [2009]
    • Diagnosis and Management of Human Cytomegalovirus Infection in the Mother, Fetus, and Newborn Infant [2002]
  • Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology
    • Cytomegalovirus Vaccine Development [2009]
  • Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology
    • Cytomegalovirus infection: An Indian perspective [2009]
  • Indian Journal of Medical Research
    • Cytomegalovirus infection: An Indian perspective [2009]
  • Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
    • Treatment of congenital cytomegalovirus infection: implications for future therapeutic strategies [2009]
  • Journal of Clinical Virology
    • Development and Evidence for Efficacy of CMV Glycoprotein B Vaccine with MF59 Adjuvant [2009]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Neonatal infections
    • Infections in pregnancy

Gonorrhea in pregnancy and newborn

• Canada
  • Canadian Paediatric Society
    • Recommendations for the prevention of neonatal ophthalmia [2009]
• International
  • Cochrane Library
    • Antibiotics for gonorrhoea in pregnancy
• United States of America
  • National Guideline Clearinghouse
    • Ocular prophylaxis for gonococcal ophthalmia neonatorum: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force reaffirmation recommendation statement. [2011]
  • U.S. Preventive Services Task Force
    • Ocular Prophylaxis for Gonococcal Ophthalmia Neonatorum: Evidence Update for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Reaffirmation Recommendation Statement [2010]
• WHO
  • World Health Organization
    • Ceftriaxone – safety in neonates [2008]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Neonatal infections
    • Infections in pregnancy
    • Gonorrhea

Group B streptococcal infections

• Canada
  • Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada
    • The prevention of early-onset neonatal group B streptococcal disease [2004]
• International
  • Cochrane Library
    • Vaginal chlorhexidine during labour to prevent early-onset neonatal group B streptococcal infection
    • Intramuscular penicillin for the prevention of early onset group B streptococcal infection in newborn infants
• New Zealand
  • New Zealand College of Midwives
    • Group B Streptococcus (GBS) [2004]
• United Kingdom
  • Health Protection Agency
    • Group B Streptococcal Infections
  • Health Technology Assessment
    • Prenatal screening and treatment strategies to prevent group B streptococcal and other bacterial infections in early infancy [2007]
  • Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Group B strep and water birth - query bank [2011]
    • Intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis for GBS in a prior pregnancy - query bank [2010]
    • Prevention of Early Onset Neonatal Group B Streptococcal Disease [2003]
• United States of America
  • American Academy of Pediatrics
    • Recommendations for the Prevention of Perinatal Group B Streptococcal (GBS) Disease [2011]
  • CDC Group B Strep
    • CDC Group B Strep
  • CDC National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases
    • Prevention of Perinatal Group B Streptococcal Disease [2010]
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Laboratory Practices for Prenatal Group B Streptococcal Screening --- Seven States, 2003 [2004]
    • Diminishing Racial Disparities in Early-Onset Neonatal Group B Streptococcal Disease --- United States, 2000--2003 [2004]
    • Hospital-Based Policies for Prevention of Perinatal Group B Streptococcal Disease --- United States, 1999 [2000]
    • Adoption of Perinatal Group B Streptococcal Disease Prevention Recommendations by Prenatal-Care Providers --- Connecticut and Minnesota, 1998 [2000]
  • Minnesota Department of Health
    • Group B streptococcus (GBS)
  • National Guideline Clearinghouse
    • Prevention of perinatal group B streptococcal disease. Revised guidelines from CDC, 2010 [2010]
• Articles in journals
  • American Family Physician
    • Prevention of Group B Streptococcal Disease in the Newborn [2005]
  • Canadian Medical Association Journal
    • Physicians' prevention practices and incidence of neonatal group B streptococcal disease in 2 Canadian regions [2001]
  • Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine
    • Recent advances in understanding the molecular basis of group B Streptococcus virulence [2008]
  • Future Microbiology
    • Understanding the regulation of Group B Streptococcal virulence factors [2009]
  • Human Vaccines
    • Group B streptococcal conjugate vaccine: a timely concept for which the time has come [2008]
  • Indian Journal of Medical Research
    • Neonatal & maternal group B streptococcal infections: a comprehensive review [2004]
  • Infection and Immunity
    • Interaction of Neonatal Phagocytes with Group B Streptococcus: Recognition and Response [2006]
  • Medical Journal of Australia
    • Preventing perinatal group B streptococcal infection: the jury is still out [2003]
  • Pediatric Clinics of North America
    • Group B Streptococcus and Early-Onset Sepsis in the Era of Maternal Prophylaxis [2009]
  • Pediatrics
    • Rapid Tests for Group B Streptococcus Colonization in Laboring Women: A Systematic Review [2006]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Neonatal infections
    • Infections in pregnancy

Hepatitis in pregnancy and newborn

• Australia
  • Women & Newborn Health Service - Western Australia
    • Hepatitis B in Pregnancy [2008]
• Canada
  • Canadian Paediatric Society
    • Vertical transmission of the hepatitis C virus: Current knowledge and issues [2008]
  • Perinatal Services BC
    • Hepatitis C in the Perinatal Period [2003]
  • Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada
    • The Reproductive Care of Women Living With Hepatitis C Infection [2000]
• International
  • Cochrane Library
    • Caesarean section versus vaginal delivery for preventing mother to infant hepatitis C virus transmission
• New Zealand
  • Auckland District Health Board
    • Hepatitis B Vaccination [2006]
    • Hepatitis C - Maternal Infection and Vertical Transmission [2003]
• United Kingdom
  • Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Hepatitis B in pregnancy - query bank [2012]
    • Hepatitis B in labour - query bank [2011]
• United States of America
  • National Guideline Clearinghouse
    • Screening for hepatitis B virus infection in pregnancy: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force reaffirmation recommendation statement [2009]
    • Viral hepatitis in pregnancy. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists [2007]
  • U.S. Preventive Services Task Force
    • Screening: Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Pregnancy [2009]
• Articles in journals
  • British Medical Journal
    • Effect of hepatitis B immunisation in newborn infants of mothers positive for hepatitis B surface antigen: systematic review and meta-analysis [2006]
  • Bulletin of the World Health Organization
    • Improving birth dose coverage of hepatitis B vaccine [2006]
  • Canadian Family Physician
    • Paternal use of ribavirin–interferon alpha 2B combination therapy before conception [2005]
  • Canadian Medical Association Journal
    • Impact of universal preadolescent vaccination against hepatitis B on antenatal seroprevalence of hepatitis B markers in British Columbia women [2003]
  • Indian Journal of Medical Research
    • Prevalence & risk factors for hepatitis C virus among pregnant women [2007]
  • Liver International
    • Hepatitis E and Pregnancy- Understanding the pathogenesis [2008]
  • Medical Journal of Australia
    • The silent infection: should we be testing for perinatal hepatitis C and, if so, how? [2006]
  • Virology Journal
    • Elective caesarean section versus vaginal delivery for preventing mother to child transmission of hepatitis B virus--a systematic review [2008]
  • World Journal of Gastroenterology
    • Breastfeeding and chronic HBV infection: Clinical and social implications [2010]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Neonatal infections
    • Infections in pregnancy
    • Hepatitis

Herpes infections in pregnancy and newborn

• Australia
  • Women & Newborn Health Service - Western Australia
    • Herpes Simplex in Pregnancy [2008]
• Canada
  • Canadian Paediatric Society
    • Current management of herpes simplex infection in pregnant women and their newborn infants [2010]
  • Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada
    • Guidelines for the management of herpes simplex virus in pregnancy [2008]
• International
  • Cochrane Library
    • Third trimester antiviral prophylaxis for preventing maternal genital herpes simplex virus (HSV) recurrences and neonatal infection
    • Antiviral agents for treatment of herpes simplex virus infection in neonates
• United Kingdom
  • Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Management of Genital Herpes in Pregnancy [2007]
• United States of America
  • National Guideline Clearinghouse
    • Guidelines for the management of herpes simplex virus in pregnancy. Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada [2008]
    • Management of herpes in pregnancy. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists [2007]
  • University of Michigan Evidence-Based Pediatrics
    • Acyclovir Prescribed at 60mg/kg/day for 21 Days is Safe and Effective in the Treatment of Neonatal Herpes Simplex Infections [2007]
    • Preliminary Evidence Suggests That Administration of Oral Acyclovir Can Prevent Cutaneous Recurrences of HSV in Neonates [2006]
• Articles in journals
  • American Family Physician
    • Neonatal Herpes Simplex Virus Infections [2002]
  • Antiviral Research
    • Antiviral Therapy for Herpesvirus Central Nervous System Infections: Neonatal Herpes Simplex Virus Infection, Herpes Simplex Encephalitis, and Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection [2009]
  • Canadian Family Physician
    • Safety of antiviral medication for the treatment of herpes during pregnancy [2011]
  • Clinical Microbiology Reviews
    • Neonatal Herpes Simplex Infection [2004]
  • eMedicine
    • Genital Herpes in Pregnancy
  • New England Journal of Medicine
    • Maternal and Neonatal HSV Infections [2009]
  • Virology Journal
    • Herpes simplex virus infection in pregnancy and in neonate: status of art of epidemiology, diagnosis, therapy and prevention [2009]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Neonatal infections
    • Infections in pregnancy
    • Herpes

HIV/AIDS in pregnancy and newborn

• Australia
  • Women & Newborn Health Service - Western Australia
    • Quick reference guide - Management of the baby of the HIV positive woman [2008]
    • Quick reference guide - Management of the HIV positive woman [2008]
• Bhutan
  • Ministry of Health Bhutan
    • Guideline for Management of Pediatric HIV/AIDS [2008]
    • Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission Guideline
• Botswana
  • Ministry of Health Botswana
    • Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission
• Canada
  • Alberta Health and Wellness
    • Prenatal HIV: Public Health Guidelines [2008]
  • Canadian HIV Trials Network
    • Canadian consensus guidelines for the management of pregnancy, labour and delivery and for postpartum care in HIV-positive pregnant women and their offspring (summary of 2002 guidelines) [2003]
    • Canadian consensus guidelines for the care of HIV-positive pregnant women: putting recommendations into practice [2003]
  • Canadian Paediatric Society
    • Testing for HIV infection in pregnancy [2008]
    • Evaluation and treatment of the human immunodeficiency virus-1-exposed infant [2004]
  • Perinatal Services BC
    • HIV in the Perinatal Period [2003]
  • Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada
    • HIV screening in pregnancy [2006]
    • Mode of delivery for pregnant women infected by the human immunodeficiency virus [2001]
• International
  • Cochrane Library
    • Interventions for preventing late postnatal mother-to-child transmission of HIV
    • Efficacy and safety of cesarean delivery for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1
    • Antiretroviral therapy (ART) for treating HIV infection in ART-eligible pregnant women
  • International AIDS Society
    • Making Motherhood and Childhood Safer: Scaling Up AIDS Services Accelerates Progress Towards All Health Goals [2010]
  • Pathfinder International
    • Integrating Prevention of Mother-to-Child HIV Transmission into Existing Maternal, Child, and Reproductive Health Programs [2003]
  • Program for Appropriate Technology in Health (PATH)
    • Sourcing Guide: The Nevirapine Infant-Dose Pouch for Use in Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV/AIDS Programs. Version 1 [2006]
  • United Nations Population Division
    • HIV/AIDS and Fertility in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Review of the Research Literature [2002]
• Malaysia
  • Ministry of Health Malaysia
    • Clinical Practice Guidelines on Management of HIV infection in Pregnant Women [2008]
• New Zealand
  • Auckland District Health Board
    • Guidelines for Paediatric Management of Infants Born to HIV+ Pregnant Women [2007]
  • New Zealand College of Midwives
    • HIV Screening [2009]
• Nigeria
  • Federal Ministry of Health Nigeria
    • 2005 National HIV/Syphilis Sero-prevalence Sentinel Survey among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinics in Nigeria [2006]
• South Africa
  • Department of Health South Africa
    • National HIV and Syphilis Antenatal Sero-Prevalence Survey in South Africa 2004 [2004]
  • Health Systems Trust
    • Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV [2009]
  • Maternal Care Manual - Perinatal Education Programme
    • Screening tests for HIV [2006]
• Uganda
  • HEPS-Uganda
    • Routine HIV testing and counselling and access to services for prevention of mother-to-child transmission [2010]
  • Ministry of Health Uganda
    • Trends in antenatal HIV prevalence in urban Uganda associated with uptake of preventive sexual behaviour [2006]
    • Policy for reduction of the mother-to-child HIV transmission in Uganda [2003]
• United Kingdom
  • British HIV Association
    • British HIV Association and Children’s HIV Association guidelines for the management of HIV infection in pregnant women 2008 [2008]
  • Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Management of HIV in Pregnancy [2010]
    • National Study of HIV in Pregnancy & Childhood [2005]
• United States of America
  • American Academy of Pediatrics
    • HIV Testing and Prophylaxis to Prevent Mother-to-Child Transmission in the United States -- Committee on Pediatric AIDS [2008]
    • Surveillance of Pediatric HIV Infection [2006]
    • Evaluation and Treatment of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1--Exposed Infant [2004]
  • Association of Women's Health, Obstetric and Neonatal Nurses
    • HIV Screening Procedures for Pregnant Woman and Infants [2007]
  • Body: An AIDS and HIV Information Resource
    • HIV and Pregnancy
  • CDC HIV/AIDS
    • Pregnancy and Childbirth
  • Center for Health and Gender Equity
    • Fulfilling Reproductive Rights for Women Affected by HIV: A Tool for Monitoring Achievement of Millennium Development Goals [2004]
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Rapid Point-of-Care Testing for HIV-1 During Labor and Delivery --- Chicago, Illinois, 2002 [2003]
    • Progress Toward Elimination of Perinatal HIV Infection --- Michigan, 1993--2000 [2002]
    • Revised Recommendations for HIV Screening of Pregnant Women [2001]
  • Madigan Army Medical Center
    • Perinatal HIV Referral Guidelines [2009]
  • Mass.Gov
    • Clinical Advisory - Routine HIV Counseling and Testing of Pregnant Women [2008]
  • Minnesota Department of Health
    • Perinatal Transmission of HIV
  • National Guideline Clearinghouse
    • Recommendations for use of antiretroviral drugs in pregnant HIV-1-infected women for maternal health and interventions to reduce perinatal HIV transmission in the United States. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [2011]
    • Preconception care for HIV-infected women. New York State Department of Health [2010]
    • Management of HIV in pregnancy. Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists [2010]
    • Antiretroviral drugs for treating pregnant women and preventing HIV infections in infants. WHO [2010]
    • Medical care of HIV-infected substance-using women. New York State Department of Health [2009]
  • New York State Department of Health AIDS Institute
    • Preconception Care for HIV-Infected Women [2010]
  • RAND
    • Preventing Perinatal Transmission of HIV [2003]
  • University of Michigan Evidence-Based Pediatrics
    • Long and Short Prenatal and Postnatal Zidovudine Treatment Courses Are Comparable [2000]
  • Women, Children, and HIV
    • Women, Children, and HIV
• WHO
  • WHO Regional Office for Europe
    • Towards the elimination of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in low-prevalence and concentrated epidemic settings in Eastern Europe and Central Asia [2011]
  • WHO Reproductive Health Library
    • Interventions for preventing late postnatal mother-to-child transmission of HIV [2009]
    • Antiretrovirals for reducing the risk of mother-to-child transmission of HIV infection [2007]
    • Vaginal disinfection for preventing mother-to-child transmission of HIV infection [2003]
  • World Health Organization
    • Towards the elimination of mother-to-child transmission of HIV: report of a WHO technical consultation, 9-11 November 2010, Geneva, Switzerland [2011]
    • Meeting report: 2011 annual meeting of the interagency task team on prevention and treatment of HIV infection in pregnant women, mothers and their children [2011]
    • Guideline: vitamin A supplementation in pregnancy for reducing the risk of mother-to-child transmission of HIV [2011]
    • Rapid advice: use of antiretroviral drugs for treating pregnant women and preventing HIV infection in infants. Version 2 [2010]
    • PMTCT strategic vision 2010-2015 : preventing mother-to-child transmission of HIV to reach the UNGASS and Millennium Development Goals : moving towards the elimination of paediatric HIV, December 2009 [2010]
    • Antiretroviral drugs for treating pregnant women and preventing HIV infection in infants. Recommendations for a public health approach. 2010 Revision [2010]
    • Rapid advice: revised WHO principles and recommendations on infant feeding in the context of HIV [2009]
    • Technical consultation on the integration of HIV interventions into maternal, newborn and child health services [2008]
    • Linkages between sexual and reproductive health (SRH) and HIV [2007]
    • Guidance on global scale-up of the prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV : towards universal access for women, infants and young children and eliminating HIV and AIDS among children [2007]
    • Antiretroviral drugs for treating pregnant women and preventing HIV infection in infants: towards universal access. Recommendations for a public health approach. 2006 Version [2006]
    • HIV and nutrition: pregnant and lactating women [2005]
    • Antiretroviral Drugs for Treating Pregnant Women and Preventing HIV Infection in Children: Guidelines for Women Living with HIV/AIDS and Their Children in Resource-Constrained Settings [2004]
    • HIV-infected women and their families: Psychosocial support and related issues [2003]
    • New data on the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV and their policy implications [2001]
    • Mother-to-child transmission of HIV
• Articles in journals
  • American Family Physician
    • Management of Newborns Exposed to Maternal HIV Infection [2002]
    • Obstetric Care in Patients with HIV Disease [2001]
  • British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
    • Pharmacokinetics and therapeutic drug monitoring of antiretrovirals in pregnant women [2008]
  • British Medical Journal
    • Monitoring and evaluation of programmes to prevent mother to child transmission of HIV in Africa [2007]
  • Bulletin of the World Health Organization
    • Prevention and Treatment of Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome in Resource-Limited Settings [2005]
    • Reconsidering empirical cotrimoxazole prophylaxis for infants exposed to HIV infection [2004]
    • Rates, barriers and outcomes of HIV serostatus disclosure among women in developing countries: implications for prevention of mother-to-child transmission programmes [2004]
    • Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV: challenges for the current decade [2001]
  • Canadian Medical Association Journal
    • Opt in or opt out: What is optimal for prenatal screening for HIV infection? [2003]
    • Failure to prevent perinatal HIV infection [2002]
  • Clinical Infectious Diseases
    • Prevention in Neglected Subpopulations: Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV Infection [2010]
    • Universal Antiretroviral Therapy for Pregnant and Breast-Feeding HIV-1-Infected Women: Towards the Elimination of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV-1 in Resource-Limited Settings [2009]
    • Pregnancy and Optimal Care of HIV-Infected Patients [2009]
  • Clinical Medicine & Research
    • Advances and Failures in Preventing Perinatal Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection [2009]
  • Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS
    • Use of antiretrovirals during pregnancy and breastfeeding in low-income and middle-income countries [2010]
  • Current Opinion in Pediatrics
    • Update on successes and challenges regarding mother-to-child transmission of HIV [2009]
  • Hong Kong Medical Journal
    • Universal antenatal human immunodeficiency virus testing in Hong Kong: consensus statement [2002]
  • Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology
    • Prevention of mother-to-child transmission [2008]
  • Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
    • The safety of highly active antiretroviral therapy for the HIV-positive pregnant mother and her baby: is ‘the more the merrier’? [2009]
    • Prevention of perinatal HIV transmission during pregnancy [2000]
  • Journal of Pharmacological Sciences
    • Role of placental ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters in antiretroviral therapy during pregnancy [2009]
  • Medical Journal of Australia
    • The evidence for a change in antenatal HIV screening policy in Australia [2006]
    • The time to recommend antenatal HIV screening for all pregnant women has arrived [2004]
  • Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
    • Vertical human immunodeficiency virus type 1--HIV-1--transmission--a review [2001]
  • Mutation Research/Reviews in Mutation Research
    • Relevance of experimental models for investigation of genotoxicity induced by antiretroviral therapy during human pregnancy [2008]
  • Revista do Hospital das Clinicas
    • HIV-1: maternal prognosis [2004]
  • Topics in HIV Medicine
    • Preconception health care for HIV-infected women [2007]
    • Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV in Africa [2004]
  • Tropical Medicine & International Health
    • Vertically acquired paediatric HIV infection: the challenges of providing comprehensive packages of care in resource-limited settings [2008]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Neonatal infections
    • Infections in pregnancy
    • HIV/AIDS in children and adolescents
    • HIV/AIDS and breastfeeding/infant feeding
    • HIV/AIDS

Infections in pregnancy

• Australia
  • Department of Health and Ageing
    • Vaccination of women planning pregnancy, pregnant or breastfeeding women, and preterm infants [2009]
  • Women & Newborn Health Service - Western Australia
    • Varicella (Chicken Pox) in Pregnancy [2008]
• Australia, New Zealand
  • Australasian Society for Infectious Diseases
    • Management of Perinatal Infections [2002]
    • The management of varicella-zoster virus exposure and infection in pregnancy and the newborn period [2001]
  • Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Influenza Vaccination for Pregnant Women [2011]
• Canada
  • Alberta Health and Wellness
    • Prenatal Screening Program for Selected Communicable Diseases [2007]
  • Ontario Agency for Health Protection and Promotion
    • Listeria monocytogenes : a clinical practice guideline [2008]
  • Public Health Agency of Canada
    • Recommendations to health care professionals : listeriosis [2008]
  • Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada
    • Management guidelines for obstetric patients and neonates born to mothers with suspected or Probable Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) [2009]
    • Immunization in pregnancy [2009]
    • Parvovirus B19 infection in pregnancy [2002]
• Hong Kong
  • Hong Kong College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Guidelines on Management of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) in Pregnancy [2003]
• International
  • Cochrane Library
    • Prophylactic antibiotic administration in pregnancy to prevent infectious morbidity and mortality
    • Antibiotic regimens for management of intraamniotic infection
• United Kingdom
  • Department of Health UK
    • Screening for infectious diseases in pregnancy: standards to support the UK Antenatal screening programme [2003]
  • Health Protection Agency
    • Rashes in pregnancy
  • Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Intrauterine Infection and Perinatal Brain Injury [2007]
    • Chickenpox in Pregnancy [2007]
    • Infection and Pregnancy - study group statement [2001]
• United States of America
  • CDC Travelers' Health
    • Traveling while Pregnant [2009]
  • CDC Vaccines
    • Vaccines: Pregnant Women
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Prevention of Pertussis, Tetanus, and Diphtheria Among Pregnant and Postpartum Women and their Infants Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) [2008]
    • Interim Guidelines for the Evaluation of Infants Born to Mothers Infected with West Nile Virus During Pregnancy [2004]
    • Notice to Readers: Updated Recommendations for Antimicrobial Prophylaxis Among Asymptomatic Pregnant Women After Exposure to Bacillus anthracis [2001]
  • National Guideline Clearinghouse
    • Management guidelines for obstetric patients and neonates born to mothers with suspected or probable severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada [2009]
    • Immunization in pregnancy. Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada [2009]
    • Prevention of pertussis, tetanus, and diphtheria among pregnant and postpartum women and their infants. Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) [2008]
• WHO
  • Pan American Health Organization
    • PAHO Consultation on Congenital Chagas Disease, Its Epidemiology and Management [2004]
  • WHO Reproductive Health Library
    • Effect of administration of antihelminthics for soil-transmitted helminths during pregnancy [2009]
    • Vaginal chlorhexidine during labour for preventing maternal and neonatal infections (excluding Group B Streptococcal and HIV) [2007]
    • Antibiotic regimens for management of intra-amniotic infection [2004]
  • World Health Organization
    • Capacity building workshop for the Global Fund proposal writing to include MNH service delivery area for health systems strengthening [2009]
• Articles in journals
  • American Family Physician
    • Vaccinations in Pregnancy [2003]
    • Evaluation of Pregnant Women Exposed to Respiratory Viruses [2000]
  • American Journal of Psychiatry
    • Prenatal Infection and Schizophrenia: A Review of Epidemiologic and Translational Studies [2010]
  • Canadian Family Physician
    • Vaccination during pregnancy [2011]
    • Herpes zoster during pregnancy [2011]
    • Food-borne illnesses during pregnancy: Prevention and treatment [2010]
    • Exposure to fifth disease in pregnancy [2009]
  • Canadian Medical Association Journal
    • Listeriosis: a primer [2008]
  • Clinical Microbiology Reviews
    • Human Parvovirus B19 [2002]
  • Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology
    • Once-daily Dosing of Gentamicin in Obstetrics and Gynecology [2008]
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Prevention of congenital and perinatal infections [2009]
  • Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology
    • Mycoplasma, Ureaplasma, and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes: A Fresh Look [2010]
    • WorldWideWeb Resources on Obstetrical and Gynecological Infections [2007]
  • Israel Medical Association Journal
    • Prenatal Exposure to Influenza and Risk of Subsequent Development of Schizophrenia [2005]
    • The Fetal Inflammatory Response Syndrome and Associated Infant Morbidity [2004]
  • Journal of Clinical Investigation
    • Functionally mature virus-specific CD8+ T memory cells in congenitally infected newborns: proof of principle for neonatal vaccination? [2003]
  • Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada (JOGC)
    • Is Gentamicin Ototoxic to the Fetus? [2007]
    • Influenza Vaccine Programs and Pregnancy: New Canadian Evidence for Immunization [2007]
  • Journal of the American Board of Family Practice
    • Influenza Vaccination in Pregnancy: Current Practices in a Suburban Community [2004]
  • Medicina Oral, Patología Oral y Cirugía Bucal
    • Rational use of antimicrobials in dentistry during pregnancy [2009]
  • PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
    • Do Antenatal Parasite Infections Devalue Childhood Vaccination? [2009]
  • Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology
    • Intrauterine infection/inflammation during pregnancy and offspring brain damages: Possible mechanisms involved [2004]
• {Related topics}
  • Clinical tools, medical calculators, unit conversions, statistics, clinical research tools
    • Chickenpox in pregnancy : Clinical tools, medical calculators
  • Guidelines
    • Urinary tract infections in pregnancy
    • Tuberculosis in pregnancy
    • Trichomoniasis in pregnancy
    • Toxoplasmosis
    • Tetanus in pregnancy and newborn
    • Sexually transmitted diseases in pregnancy
    • Rubella
    • Postpartum infections
    • Obstetrics, perinatology
    • Neonatal infections
    • Malaria in pregnancy
    • Influenza A (H1N1) in pregnancy
    • Herpes infections in pregnancy and newborn
    • Hepatitis in pregnancy and newborn
    • Hepatitis
    • HIV/AIDS in pregnancy and newborn
    • HIV/AIDS
    • Group B streptococcal infections
    • Gonorrhea in pregnancy and newborn
    • Genital infections, sexually transmitted diseases
    • Cytomegalovirus
    • Congenital syphilis
    • Chlamydia infection in pregnancy
    • Candidiasis in pregnancy and newborn
    • Bacterial vaginosis in pregnancy

Influenza A (H1N1) in pregnancy

• Australia
  • Department of Health, Western Australia
    • Guidelines for Obstetric and Neonatal Specialist services for the Management of Influenza-like Illnesses during the Influenza Pandemic associated with the Influenza A (H1N1) 2009 Virus [2009]
• Canada
  • Public Health Agency of Canada
    • Clinical Guidance for Pregnant and Breastfeeding Women with Influenza-Like Illness in the context of the Pandemic H1N1 2009 Virus [2009]
  • Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada
    • Info - Pregnant Women - H1N1
• United Kingdom
  • Department of Health UK
    • Pregnancy, breastfeeding and swine flu A/H1N1 [2009]
    • Pandemic influenza: recommendations on the use of antiviral medicines for pregnant women, women who are breastfeeding and children under the age of one year [2009]
    • 20 July 2009: Chief Medical Officer's advice to pregnant women [2009]
    • Pandemic influenza: guidance on preparing maternity services [2008]
  • Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • RCOG statement on the article 'H1N1 2009 influenza virus infection during pregnancy in the USA' (The Lancet, 29 July 2009) [2009]
    • Managing pregnant women with suspected swine flu – advice for healthcare professionals [2009]
    • Swine Flu and pregnancy - public information
• United States of America
  • CDC 2009 H1N1 Flu
    • Pregnant Women and Novel Influenza A (H1N1) Considerations for Clinicians
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • 2009 Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) in Pregnant Women Requiring Intensive Care --- New York City, 2009 [2010]
    • Novel Influenza A (H1N1) Virus Infections in Three Pregnant Women --- United States, April--May 2009 [2009]
  • Food and Drug Administration
    • Use of Influenza A (H1N1) 2009 Monovalent Influenza Vaccine in Pregnant Women [2009]
  • National Guideline Clearinghouse
    • Pregnant women and novel influenza A (H1N1): considerations for clinicians. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [2009]
• WHO
  • World Health Organization
    • WHO Viet Nam-H1N1 and pregnancy [2009]
    • Pregnant women face higher risk of serious illness and death from Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 [2009]
    • Pandemic influenza in pregnant women [2009]
    • WHO Pandemic (H1N1) 2009
• Articles in journals
  • Canadian Family Physician
    • H1N1 and influenza viruses. Why pregnant women might be hesitant to be vaccinated [2011]
  • Canadian Medical Association Journal
    • Safety of neuraminidase inhibitors against novel influenza A (H1N1) in pregnant and breastfeeding women [2009]
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Quantifying the risk of pandemic influenza in pregnancy and Indigenous people in Australia in 2009 [2009]
  • Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada (JOGC)
    • H1N1 in Pregnant Women: A Challenge Overlooked? [2009]
    • H1N1 Influenza in Pregnancy: Risks, Vaccines, and Antivirals [2009]
  • Postgraduate Medicine
    • Novel H1N1 Virus Infection and Pregnancy [2009]
  • Reviews in Obstetrics and Gynecology
    • H1N1 Influenza in Pregnancy: What All Obstetric Care Providers Ought to Know [2009]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Infections in pregnancy

Malaria in pregnancy

• International
  • Cochrane Library
    • Drugs for treating uncomplicated malaria in pregnant women
    • Drugs for preventing malaria in pregnant women
  • Malaria in Pregnancy Consortium
    • Malaria in Pregnancy Consortium
• Sudan
  • Federal Ministry of Health Sudan
    • The malaria in pregnancy control strategic plan 2004-2008
• United Kingdom
  • Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • The prevention of malaria in pregnancy [2010]
    • The diagnosis and treatment of malaria in pregnancy [2010]
• United States of America
  • National Guideline Clearinghouse
    • The prevention of malaria in pregnancy. Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists [2010]
    • The diagnosis and treatment of malaria in pregnancy. Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists [2010]
  • U.S. Agency for International Development
    • Malaria in Pregnancy
• WHO
  • Roll Back Malaria
    • Partnership publications and multimedia resources
  • WHO Regional Office for Africa
    • A Strategic Framework for Malaria Prevention and Control During Pregnancy in the African Region [2004]
  • WHO Regional Office for South-East Asia
    • Malaria during Pregnancy: A Priority Area for Malaria Research and Control in South-East Asia [2005]
  • WHO Reproductive Health Library
    • Interventions to prevent malaria-related morbidity and mortality in pregnancy [2009]
    • Insecticide-treated nets for preventing malaria in pregnancy [2006]
  • World Health Organization
    • WHO policy brief for Global Fund proposal development on malaria in pregnancy [2007]
    • Malaria in pregnancy [2007]
    • Assessment of the safety of artemisinin compounds in pregnancy [2007]
    • Protecting all pregnant women and children under five years living in malaria endemic areas in Africa with insecticide treated mosquito nets [2006]
    • Recommendations on the use of Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine (SP) for Intermittent Preventive Treatment during Pregnancy (IPT) in areas of moderate to high resistance to SP in the African Region [2005]
    • Malaria in pregnancy publications
    • Lives at risk: malaria in pregnancy
• Zambia
  • Ministry of Health Zambia
    • Malaria
• Articles in journals
  • American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
    • Malaria in Pregnancy: Linking Immunity and Pathogenesis to Prevention [2007]
    • The contribution of malaria in pregnancy to perinatal mortality [2004]
  • Bulletin of the World Health Organization
    • Intermittent preventive treatment of malaria during pregnancy in central Mozambique [2007]
  • Canadian Family Physician
    • Prophylactic use of antimalarials during pregnancy [2011]
  • Clinical Medicine & Research
    • Interactions Between Natural Killer Cells, Cortisol and Prolactin in Malaria During Pregnancy [2006]
  • Clinical Microbiology Reviews
    • Impact of Malaria during Pregnancy on Low Birth Weight in Sub-Saharan Africa [2004]
  • Indian Journal of Medical Research
    • Control measures for malaria in pregnancy in India [2008]
  • International Journal of Epidemiology
    • Protective efficacy of interventions for preventing malaria mortality in children in Plasmodium falciparum endemic areas [2010]
    • Estimation of effectiveness of interventions for malaria control in pregnancy using the screening method [2007]
  • Journal of Clinical Investigation
    • Advances and challenges in malaria vaccine development [2010]
  • Malaria Journal
    • Azithromycin-chloroquine and the intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy [2008]
    • The safety of artemisinins during pregnancy: a pressing question [2007]
    • Intermittent preventive treatment for malaria in pregnancy in Africa: What's new, what's needed? [2007]
  • PLoS Medicine
    • Unraveling the Impact of Malaria Exposure Before Birth [2009]
    • New Medicines for Tropical Diseases in Pregnancy: Catch-22 [2008]
    • Malaria in Pregnancy: What Can the Social Sciences Contribute? [2007]
    • Insecticide-Treated Nets for the Prevention of Malaria in Pregnancy: A Systematic Review of Randomised Controlled Trials [2007]
  • Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine
    • Impact of Placental Plasmodium falciparum Malaria on Pregnancy and Perinatal Outcome in Sub-Saharan Africa: part III: placental malaria, maternal health, and public health [2008]
    • Impact of placental Plasmodium falciparum malaria on pregnancy and perinatal outcome in sub-Saharan Africa: II: effects of placental malaria on perinatal outcome; malaria and HIV [2007]
    • Impact of Placental Plasmodium falciparum Malaria on Pregnancy and Perinatal Outcome in Sub-Saharan Africa: I: Introduction to Placental Malaria [2007]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Neonatal infections
    • Infections in pregnancy

Neonatal infections

• Canada
  • Perinatal Services BC
    • Eye Care and Prevention of Opthalmia Neonatorum [2001]
• International
  • Cochrane Library
    • Vancomycin for prophylaxis against sepsis in preterm neonates
    • Topical umbilical cord care at birth
    • Topical ointment for preventing infection in preterm infants
    • Prophylactic versus selective antibiotics for term newborn infants of mothers with risk factors for neonatal infection
    • Prophylactic systemic antifungal agents to prevent mortality and morbidity in very low birth weight infants
    • Prophylactic systemic antibiotics to reduce morbidity and mortality in neonates with central venous catheters
    • Prophylactic antibiotics to reduce morbidity and mortality in neonates with umbilical venous catheters
    • Prophylactic antibiotics to reduce morbidity and mortality in neonates with umbilical artery catheters
    • Pneumococcal vaccination during pregnancy for preventing infant infection
    • Pentoxifylline for neonatal sepsis
    • Oral immunoglobulin for the treatment of rotavirus diarrhoea in low birth weight infants
    • Oral immunoglobulin for the prevention of rotavirus infection in low birth weight infants
    • One dose per day compared to multiple doses per day of gentamicin for treatment of suspected or proven sepsis in neonates
    • Intravenous immunoglobulin for suspected or subsequently proven infection in neonates
    • Intravenous immunoglobulin for preventing infection in preterm and/or low-birth-weight infants
    • Granulocyte transfusions for neonates with confirmed or suspected sepsis and neutropaenia
    • G-CSF and GM-CSF for treating or preventing neonatal infections
    • Early removal versus expectant management of central venous catheters in neonates with bloodstream infection
    • Diazepam for treating tetanus
    • Antibiotic regimens for suspected early neonatal sepsis
• New Zealand
  • Auckland District Health Board
    • Antibiotics for Neonatal Sepsis [2007]
    • Vaccination Schedule [2005]
    • Chickenpox Exposure [2005]
    • Congenital Infection [2000]
    • Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome - Neonatal Protocol
• South Africa
  • Newborn Care Manual - Perinatal Education Programme
    • Infection [2005]
• United States of America
  • American Academy of Pediatrics
    • Immunization of Preterm and Low Birth Weight Infants [2009]
  • Minnesota Department of Health
    • Neonatal Sepsis
  • University of Michigan Evidence-Based Pediatrics
    • Asymptomatic, Full-Term Infants Born to Mothers Treated for Chorioamnionitis Require Conservative Evaluation and Treatment [2004]
    • There is Insufficient Evidence to Support the Use of G-CSF in Neonates with Sepsis [2003]
    • A Left-Shifted WBC Count is Modestly Effective at Diagnosing and Excluding Sepsis in Neonates [2001]
• WHO
  • WHO Reproductive Health Library
    • Topical umbilical cord care at birth [2004]
• Articles in journals
  • British Medical Journal
    • Infection in the preterm infant [2004]
  • Clinical Chemistry
    • Diagnosis of Neonatal Sepsis: A Clinical and Laboratory Challenge [2004]
  • Clinical Microbiology Reviews
    • Mycoplasmas and Ureaplasmas as Neonatal Pathogens [2005]
    • Clinical Microbiology of Bacterial and Fungal Sepsis in Very-Low-Birth-Weight Infants [2004]
  • Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases
    • Using proteomics in perinatal and neonatal sepsis: hopes and challenges for the future [2009]
  • European Journal of Immunology
    • Safety and Efficacy of Neonatal Vaccination [2009]
  • Infection and Immunity
    • Neonatal Innate Immunity to Infectious Agents [2006]
  • Lancet Infectious Diseases
    • Maternal and early onset neonatal bacterial sepsis: burden and strategies for prevention in sub-Saharan Africa [2009]
  • Malaysian Family Physicians
    • Neonatal conjunctivitis - A review [2008]
  • Pediatric Research
    • Developmental biology of the innate immune response: implications for neonatal and infant vaccine development [2009]
  • Pediatrics
    • Streptococcus pneumoniae Infections in the Neonate [2003]
    • Implementation of Evidence-Based Potentially Better Practices to Decrease Nosocomial Infections [2003]
    • Evaluation and Development of Potentially Better Practices to Prevent Neonatal Nosocomial Bacteremia [2003]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Tuberculosis in pregnancy
    • Trichomoniasis in pregnancy
    • Toxoplasmosis
    • Tetanus in pregnancy and newborn
    • Sexually transmitted diseases in pregnancy
    • Rubella
    • Obstetrics, perinatology
    • Neonatology
    • Malaria in pregnancy
    • Infections in pregnancy
    • Herpes infections in pregnancy and newborn
    • Hepatitis in pregnancy and newborn
    • Hepatitis
    • HIV/AIDS in pregnancy and newborn
    • HIV/AIDS
    • Group B streptococcal infections
    • Gonorrhea in pregnancy and newborn
    • Genital infections, sexually transmitted diseases
    • Cytomegalovirus
    • Congenital syphilis
    • Chlamydia infection in pregnancy
    • Candidiasis in pregnancy and newborn
    • Bacterial vaginosis in pregnancy

Postpartum infections

• International
  • Cochrane Library
    • Prophylactic antibiotics for manual removal of retained placenta in vaginal birth
    • Antibiotic regimens for endometritis after delivery
  • Program for Appropriate Technology in Health (PATH)
    • Evaluation of a Clean Delivery Kit Intervention in Preventing Cord Infection and Puerperal Sepsis in Mwanza, Tanzania [2005]
• Sri Lanka
  • Sri Lanka College of Obstetricians & Gynaecologists
    • Management of Puerperal Sepsis [2007]
• WHO
  • WHO Reproductive Health Library
    • Antibiotic regimens for endometritis after delivery [2004]
  • World Health Organization
    • Managing puerperal sepsis [2006]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Postpartum (puerperium)
    • Infections in pregnancy

Rubella

• Australia
  • Department of Health and Ageing
    • Rubella [2008]
  • NSW Department of Health
    • Rubella Control Guideline [2004]
  • Women & Newborn Health Service - Western Australia
    • Rubella in Pregnancy [2008]
• Canada
  • Canadian Paediatric Society
    • Prevention of congenital rubella syndrome [2007]
  • Public Health Agency of Canada
    • Rubella
  • Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada
    • Rubella in Pregnancy [2008]
• International
  • Cochrane Library
    • Vaccines for measles, mumps and rubella in children
• Iraq
  • Ministry of Health Iraq
    • Measles and rubella surveillance field manual [2009]
• United Kingdom
  • Department of Health UK
    • Rubella
  • Health Protection Agency
    • Rubella
• United States of America
  • CDC Travelers' Health
    • Rubella [2009]
  • CDC Vaccine Safety
    • MMR Vaccine Safety
  • CDC Vaccines
    • Rubella (German Measles) Vaccination
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Use of combination measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella vaccine: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) [2010]
    • Update: Recommendations from the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) Regarding Administration of Combination MMRV Vaccine [2008]
  • Minnesota Department of Health
    • Rubella (German Measles)
  • National Guideline Clearinghouse
    • Rubella in pregnancy. Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada [2008]
    • 1) General recommendations on immunization: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). 2) Update: recommendations from the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) regarding administration of combination MMRV vaccine. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [2008]
• WHO
  • Pan American Health Organization
    • Case definition: Measles and Rubella [1999]
    • Rubella
  • WHO Regional Office for Europe
    • Eliminating measles and rubella : framework for the verification process in the WHO European Region [2012]
    • Surveillance guidelines for measles, rubella and congenital rubella syndrome in the WHO European Region [2009]
  • World Health Organization
    • The immunological basis for immunization series: module 11: rubella [2008]
    • Rubella
• Articles in journals
  • Bulletin of the World Health Organization
    • Economic analyses of rubella and rubella vaccines: a global review [2002]
  • Canadian Medical Association Journal
    • A refresher on rubella [2005]
  • Clinical Microbiology Reviews
    • Rubella Virus Replication and Links to Teratogenicity [2000]
  • Indian Pediatrics
    • Misguiding Guidelines from IAP? [2000]
  • Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases
    • Rubella and congenital rubella syndrome in Japan: epidemiological problems [2003]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Neonatal infections
    • Infections in pregnancy

Sexually transmitted diseases in pregnancy

• International
  • Cochrane Library
    • Antibiotics for ureaplasma in the vagina in pregnancy
• WHO
  • WHO Reproductive Health Library
    • Management of gonorrhoea and Chlamydia trachomatis infections in pregnancy [2004]
• Articles in journals
  • American Family Physician
    • Screening and Treatment for Sexually Transmitted Infections in Pregnancy [2007]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Sexually transmitted diseases
    • Neonatal infections
    • Infections in pregnancy

Tetanus in pregnancy and newborn

• International
  • Cochrane Library
    • Vaccines for women to prevent neonatal tetanus
  • Program for Appropriate Technology in Health (PATH)
    • Introducing TT Uniject in Maternal and Neonatal Tetanus Elimination [2003]
  • United Nations Children's Fund - UNICEF
    • Eliminating Maternal and Neonatal Tetanus [2004]
  • United Nations Population Fund
    • Maternal and Neonatal Tetanus Elimination by 2005 [2000]
• WHO
  • Pan American Health Organization
    • Neonatal Tetanus Elimination Field Guide [2005]
    • Case Definitions: Neonatal Tetanus and Tuberculosis [2000]
    • Neonatal Tetanus
  • World Health Organization
    • WHO Neonatal Tetanus
    • Maternal and Neonatal Tetanus (MNT) elimination
• Articles in journals
  • Archives of Disease in Childhood
    • Neonatal tetanus in Nigeria: does it still pose a major threat to neonatal survival? [2007]
  • International Journal of Epidemiology
    • Tetanus toxoid immunization to reduce mortality from neonatal tetanus [2010]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Neonatal infections
    • Infections in pregnancy

Toxoplasmosis

• International
  • Cochrane Library
    • Treatments for toxoplasmosis in pregnancy
    • Prenatal education for congenital toxoplasmosis
• United Kingdom
  • Health Protection Agency
    • Toxoplasmosis
• Articles in journals
  • American Family Physician
    • Congenital Toxoplasmosis [2003]
  • International Journal for Parasitology
    • Toxoplasmosis: a history of clinical observations [2009]
    • Toxoplasma gondii: 25 years and 25 major advances for the field [2009]
  • Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
    • Why prevent, diagnose and treat congenital toxoplasmosis [2009]
    • When are we going to celebrate the centenary of the discovery of efficient treatment for congenital toxoplasmosis? [2009]
    • Ocular toxoplasmosis: an update and review of the literature [2009]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Neonatal infections
    • Infections in pregnancy

Trichomoniasis in pregnancy

• International
  • Cochrane Library
    • Interventions for trichomoniasis in pregnancy
• WHO
  • WHO Reproductive Health Library
    • Interventions for trichomoniasis in pregnancy [2004]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Trichomoniasis
    • Neonatal infections
    • Infections in pregnancy

Tuberculosis in pregnancy

• Articles in journals
  • Chest
    • Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Pregnancy: Case Report and Review of the Literature [2003]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Tuberculosis
    • Neonatal infections
    • Infections in pregnancy

Urinary tract infections in pregnancy

• International
  • Cochrane Library
    • Treatments for symptomatic urinary tract infections during pregnancy
    • Duration of treatment for asymptomatic bacteriuria during pregnancy
    • Antibiotics for asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy
• WHO
  • WHO Reproductive Health Library
    • Antibiotics for asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy [2008]
• Articles in journals
  • American Family Physician
    • Urinary Tract Infections During Pregnancy [2000]
  • Canadian Family Physician
    • Urinary tract infections in pregnancy [2008]
  • Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
    • Which antibiotics are appropriate for treating bacteriuria in pregnancy? [2000]
  • Malaysian Family Physicians
    • Urinary tract infections in pregnancy [2007]
  • Sri Lanka Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
    • Asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy [2009]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Urinary tract infections, urinalysis
    • Infections in pregnancy