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How is obstetric anaes=
thesia
(OA) linked to maternal deaths?
What is the evidence f=
or the
role of obstetric anaesthesia in reducing maternal
deaths?
What special skills are
required to provide safe obstetric anaesthesia &
analgesia?
Can these skills be ma=
de
available at the first referral health facilities?
=
;
Complications of pregn=
ancy
& childbirth: leading causes of death =
among wom=
en of
reproductive age.
=
At least 40% of women
experience complications during pregnancy, childbirt=
h &
after delivery.
=
An estima=
ted
15% of these women develop potentially life threatening =
complication
that calls for skilled care; some will require a major obstetrical
intervention to survive (emergency & surgical procedures).
=
Health personnel at th=
e 1st
referral health facilities are required to perform
Causes of maternal
mortality. Other direct: 8% (anesthesia, ectopic, =
embolism)=
'Anaesthesia' is a com=
ponent
of the 'Comprehensive Essential Obstetric Care' in the=
safe
motherhood programmes
Majority of anaesthetic
deaths & obstetric haemorrhage at level 1 =
hospitals=
*.
Key recommendations:
Design & Methods: =
Results:
=
span>
Conclusion:
Methods & Results:
district & 2 central hospitals in Malawi
Quantifiable risk fact=
ors:
Higher maternal mortality:
Standards & awaren=
ess of
OA in healthcare professionals, general public & political=
ly: Obstetrics
Association of Anaesthesia
<=
span
lang=3DEN-GB style=3D'mso-hansi-font-family:Arial;font-size:63%;display:no=
ne'>
Changes in practice &a=
mp;
teaching of anaesthesia & analgesia techniques:
Postoperative Pain
Management: impact on mothers & newborns:
=
Weight gain & uter=
ine
enlargement:
Difficult airway
(intubation): enlarged =
tongue,
breasts
Difficulty with nasal
breathing & ↑ nasal bleeding:
Denitrogenation: 100% oxygen is mandato=
ry
before GA
Full stomach: <=
span
lang=3DEN-GB style=3D'mso-hansi-font-family:Arial;font-size:56%'>Rapid seq=
uence
induction of GA:
Supine Hypotensive Syn=
drome:
16
wks to term, in appx.12-15%.
Resuscita=
tion

Managemen=
t of
complications
Most Caesarean sections =
are
performed as emergencies without preoperative
preparation:
Prenatal anaesthesia
consultations
Team approach
Regional anaesthesia u=
sually
technique of choice (local infection, blood =
clotting
abnormalities; neuropathies)
GA (drug interactions =
&
impact on various organ systems)
Infection control (ase=
psis,
sterilization of equipment & standard =
precautio=
ns)
Basic minimum requirem=
ent at
1st referral health facilities
Ensure patient safety:=
needs
assessment, & monitoring & evaluation of quality of =
=
clinical
procedures & equipment
Recommendations &
guidelines on best practice protocols for emergency & surgical =
procedure=
s &
equipment
Training tools: effect=
ive
interventions in management of emergency procedures
=
' + ENDSHOW_MESG + '