Citing biomedical documents - National Library of Medicine (NLM) style

Citing entire books and other individual titles on the Internet
National Library of Medicine (NLM) style

Patrias K. Citing medicine: the NLM style guide for authors, editors, and publishers [Internet]. 2nd ed. Wendling DL, technical editor. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US); 2007 [updated 2009 Oct 21; cited 2010 Apr 30]. Available from: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/citingmedicine

Components/elements listed in the order they should appear in a reference: (R) = required, (O) = optional

Author/Editor (R) | Author Affiliation (O) | Title (R) | Content Type (O) | Type of Medium (R) | Edition (R) | Editor and other Secondary Authors (O) | Place of Publication (R) | Publisher (R) | Date of Publication (R) | Date of Update/Revision (R) | Date of Citation (R) | Extent (Pagination) (O) | Series (O) | Availability (R) | Language (R) | Notes (O)

  • Standard citation to a book on the Internet
    • Richardson ML. Approaches to differential diagnosis in musculoskeletal imaging [Internet]. Version 2.0. Seattle (WA): University of Washington School of Medicine; c2000 [revised 2001 Oct 1; cited 2006 Nov 1]. Available from: http://www.rad.washington.edu/mskbook/index.html
    • Collins SR, Kriss JL, Davis K, Doty MM, Holmgren AL. Squeezed: why rising exposure to health care costs threatens the health and financial well-being of American families [Internet]. New York: Commonwealth Fund; 2006 Sep [cited 2006 Nov 2]. 34 p. Available from: http://www.cmwf.org/usr_doc/Collins_squeezedrisinghltcarecosts_953.pdf
    • Fact sheet: AIDS information resources [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US); 2003 May 2 [updated 2005 Jul 14; cited 2006 Nov 15]. [about 3 screens]. Available from: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/pubs/factsheets/aidsinfs.html
  • Standard citation to a book on the Internet with optional content type
    • Richardson ML. Approaches to differential diagnosis in musculoskeletal imaging [monograph on the Internet]. Version 2.0. Seattle (WA): University of Washington School of Medicine; c2000 [revised 2001 Oct 1; cited 2006 Nov 1]. Available from: http://www.rad.washington.edu/mskbook/index.html
  • Book on the Internet with optional full names for author(s)
    • Collins, Sara R.; Kriss, Jennifer L.; Davis, Karen; Doty, Michelle M.; Holmgren, Alyssa L. Squeezed: why rising exposure to health care costs threatens the health and financial well-being of American families [Internet]. New York: Commonwealth Fund; 2006 Sep [cited 2006 Nov 2]. 34 p. Available from: http://www.cmwf.org/usr_doc/Collins_squeezedrisinghltcarecosts_953.pdf
  • Book on the Internet with optional limit to the number of authors/editors
    • Kasper DL, Braunwald E, Fauci AS, et al., editors. Harrison's online [Internet]. 16th ed. Columbus (OH): McGraw-Hill Companies; c2006 [cited 2006 Nov 20]. Available from: http://www.accessmedicine.com/resourceTOC.aspx?resourceID=4
    • or
    • Kasper DL, Braunwald E, Fauci AS, and others, editors. Harrison's online [Internet]. 16th ed. Columbus (OH): McGraw-Hill Companies; c2006 [cited 2006 Nov 20]. Available from: http://www.accessmedicine.com/resourceTOC.aspx?resourceID=4
  • Book on the Internet with author/editor surnames having a prefix or particle
    • De Castro P, Salinetti S. Guidelines for the production of scientific and technical reports: how to write and distribute grey literature [Internet]. Version 1.0. Rome (Italy): Grey Literature International Steering Committee; 2006 Mar [cited 2006 Nov 3]. [about 20 p.]. Available from: http://www.glisc.info/.
  • Book on the Internet with author/editor surnames showing designations of family rank
    • Kahn CE Jr, editor. CHORUS: Collaborative Hypertext of Radiology [Internet]. [Milwaukee]: Medical College of Wisconsin; 2004 [cited 2006 Nov 3]. Available from: http://chorus.rad.mcw.edu/.
  • Book on the Internet with author having compound surnames
    • Afnan-Manns S, Dorr A. E-literate: promoting 21st century literacy skills [Internet]. Los Angeles (CA): UCLA Graduate School of Education and Information Studies; 2003 [cited 2006 Nov 1]. 8 p. Available from: http://www.newliteracies.gseis.ucla.edu/video/E_literateSurveyReport.pdf
  • Book on the Internet with an organization(s) as author
    • Federal Communicators Network (US). Communicators guide for federal, state, regional, and local communicators [Internet]. [Washington]: Department of Agriculture (US); 2000 Dec [revised 2001 Dec; cited 2006 Nov 1]. [about 75 p.]. Available from: http://www.usda.gov/news/pubs/fcn/table.htm
  • Book on the Internet with an organization as author having subsidiary division
    • National Academy of Sciences (US), Institute of Medicine, Board on Health Sciences Policy, Committee on Clinical Trial Registries. Developing a national registry of pharmacologic and biologic clinical trials: workshop report [Internet]. Washington: National Academies Press (US); 2006 [cited 2006 Nov 3]. Available from: http://www.nap.edu/books/030910078X/html/
  • Book on the Internet with more than one organization as author
    • American Academy of Pain Medicine; American Pain Society. The use of opioids for the treatment of chronic pain: a consensus statement [Internet]. Glenview (IL): American Academy of Pain Medicine; c1997 [cited 2006 Nov 1]. 4 p. Available from: http://www.painmed.org/productpub/statements/pdfs/opioids.pdf
  • Book on the Internet with editors where there is no author
    • Beers MH, Jones TV, Berkwits M, Kaplan JL, Porter R, editors. The Merck manual of health & aging [Internet]. Whitehouse Station (NJ): Merck Research Laboratories; c2005 [cited 2006 Nov 1]. Available from: http://www.merck.com/pubs/mmanual_ha/contents.html
  • Book on the Internet with no authors or editors
    • Making a difference: state injury and violence prevention programs [Internet]. Atlanta (GA): State and Territorial Injury Prevention Directors Association; c2006 [cited 2006 Nov 3]. 120 p. Available from: http://www.stipda.org/associations/5805/files/MakingADifference2006.pdf
  • Book on the Internet with author affiliation
    • Strasburger VC (Division of Adolescent Medicine, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM). Children, adolescents, and the media: five crucial issues [Internet]. Minneapolis (MN): University of Minnesota, Children Youth and Family Consortium; 1993 [updated 2002 Apr 27; cited 2006 Nov 1]. Available from: http://www.cyfc.umn.edu/adolescents/research/crissues.html
  • Book on the Internet with title having a subtitle
    • D'Alessandro DM, Takle TE. Virtual pediatric patients: a digital storytelling system for teaching common pediatric problems [Internet]. Iowa City (IA): Virtual Pediatric Hospital; 1996 Aug [revised 1997 Dec; cited 2006 Nov 3]. Available from: http://www.virtualpediatrichospital.org/providers/ VirtualPedsPatients/PedsVPHome.shtml
  • Book on the Internet with special characters in the title
    • (Wĕbopēdia) [Internet]. Darien (CT): Jupitermedia Corporation; c2006 [cited 2006 Nov 16]. Available from: http://www.webopedia.com/.
  • Book on the Internet with title ending in other than a period
    • The "bad bug book" [Internet]. College Park (MD): Food and Drug Administration (US), Center for Food Safety & Applied Nutrition; 1992 [updated 2006 Apr 25; cited 2006 Nov 1]. Available from: http://vm.cfsan.fda.gov/~mow/intro.html
  • Book on the Internet in a language other than English
    • Harpes JP, Milmeister JC, editors. La recherche sur les embryons [Internet]. Luxembourg: Centre Universitaire de Luxembourg; 2004 [cited 2006 Nov 3]. 103 p. Available from: http://www.cne.public.lu/publications/avis/2002_2_2002_3_2003_1.pdf#search= %22%22la%20recherche%20sur%20les%20embryons%22%20%2Bcne%22 French.
  • Book on the Internet in a language other than English with translation included
    • Harpes JP, Milmeister JC, editors. La recherche sur les embryons [Embryonic research] [Internet]. Luxembourg: Centre Universitaire de Luxembourg; 2004 [cited 2006 Nov 3]. 103 p. Available from: http://www.cne.public.lu/publications/avis/2002_2_2002_3_2003_1.pdf#search= %22%22la%20recherche%20sur%20les%20embryons%22%20%2Bcne%22 French.
  • Book on the Internet published with equal text in two or more languages
    • Settle TB, compiler. La storia e la filosofia della scienza, della tecnologia e della medicina = The history and philosophy of science, technology and medicine [Internet]. Florence (Italy): IMSS & Polytechnic University; c1994-2006 [updated 2006 Aug 22; cited 2006 Nov 3]. [about 20 p.]. Available from: http://www.imss.fi.it/%7etsettle/index.html Italian, English.
  • Book on the Internet published with optional content type
    • Zieger K. Die Bedeutung der deutschen Arztevereine fur das wissenschaftliche Leben, die medizinische Versorgung und soziale Belange der Stadt St. Petersburg von 1819-1914 [dissertation on the Internet]. Leipzig (Germany): Universitat Leipzig, Karl-Sudhoff-Institut fur Geschichte der Medizin und der Naturwissenschaften; 2000 [cited 2006 Nov 3]. 123 p. Available from: http://www.vifaost.de/w/pdf/zieger-aerzte.pdf German.
    • Toolkit of instruments to measure end of life [bibliography on the Internet]. Washington: George Washington University Medical Center, Center to Improve Care of the Dying; [cited 2006 Nov 1]. Available from: http://www.gwu.edu/~cicd/toolkit/toolkit.htm
    • Richardson ML. Approaches to differential diagnosis in musculoskeletal imaging [monograph on the Internet]. Version 2.0. Seattle (WA): University of Washington School of Medicine; c2000 [revised 2001 Oct 1; cited 2006 Nov 1]. Available from: http://www.rad.washington.edu/mskbook/index.html
  • Book on the Internet with an edition or version
    • Wilkinson R, Marmot M, editors. Social determinants of health: the solid facts [Internet]. 2nd ed. Copenhagen: World Health Organization, Regional Office for Europe; c2003 [cited 2006 Nov 3]. 31 p. Available from: http://www.euro.who.int/document/e81384.pdf
    • Thomas RL. The eclectic practice of medicine [Internet]. Illus. 2nd ed. Cincinnati (OH): Scudder Brothers Co.; 1907 [cited 2006 Nov 3]. Available from: http://www.swsbm.com/EclecticMed/EclecticPractice.html
    • Breast cancer treatment guidelines for patients [Internet]. Version 7. Jenkintown (PA): National Comprehensive Cancer Network (US); 2005 Aug [cited 2006 Nov 3]. Available from: http://www.nccn.org/patients/patient_gls/_english/_breast/contents.asp
    • Higgins JP, Green S, editors. Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions [Internet]. Version 4.2.6. Chichester (UK): John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.; 2006 [updated 2006 Sep; cited 2006 Nov 3]. 257 p. Available from: http://www.cochrane.org/resources/handbook/handbook.pdf
  • Book on the Internet with an edition and a version
    • Beers MH, Fletcher AJ, Jones TV, Porter R, Berkwits R, Kaplan JL, editors. The Merck manual of medical information [Internet]. 2nd home ed.; Online version. Whitehouse Station (NJ): Merck Research Laboratories; c2004-2006 [cited 2006 Nov 1]. Available from: http://www.merck.com/mmhe/index.html
  • Book on the Internet with authors and editors or other secondary authors
    • CENDI Copyright Working Group. Frequently asked questions about copyright: a template for the promotion of awareness among CENDI agency staff [Internet]. Klein B, Hodge G, editors. Oak Ridge (TN): CENDI Secretariat; 2004 Aug [modified 2006 Sep 2; cited 2006 Nov 6]. Available from: http://cendi.dtic.mil/publications/04-8copyright.html
    • Hecker JF. The Black Death and the dancing mania [Internet]. Babington BG, translator. Champaign (IL): Project Gutenberg; 1999 May 1 [cited 2006 Nov 3]. Available from: http://www.gutenberg.org/etext/1739
    • Baydar N, McCann M, Williams R, Vesper E (Battelle Centers for Public Health Research and Evaluation, Seattle, WA). Final report. WIC infant feeding practices study [Internet]. Wieringa D, Sitchin K, editors. Alexandria (VA): Department of Agriculture (US), Food and Consumer Service, Office of Analysis and Evaluation; 1997 Nov [cited 2006 Nov 3]. 254 p. Contract No.: 53-3198-3-003. Available from: http://purl.access.gpo.gov/GPO/LPS9308
    • Hippocrates. Aphorisms [Internet]. Adams F, translator. [place unknown]: D.C. Stevenson, Web Atomics; c1994-2000 [cited 2006 Nov 3]. Available from: http://classics.mit.edu/Hippocrates/aphorisms.html
  • Book on the Internet with well known place of publication
    • Are you worried about...cancer? [Internet]. London: Cancerbackup; c2003 [reviewed 2004 Sep 1; modified 2006 Aug 17; cited 2006 Nov 3]. [about 5 screens]. Available from: http://www.cancerbackup.org.uk/Aboutcancer/Genetics/Areyouworriedabout/cancer
  • Book on the Internet with qualifier added to place of publication for clarity
    • Global strategy for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [Internet]. Columbia (MD): Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease; [updated 2005; cited 2006 Nov 3]. 115 p. Available from: http://www.goldcopd.com/Guidelineitem.asp?l1=2&l2=1&intId=989 Based on April 1998 NHLBI/WHO workshop.
  • Book on the Internet with place of publication inferred
    • Temporary Medicare-approved drug discount card: beneficiaries' awareness and use of information resources [Internet]. [Washington]: Department of Health and Human Services (US), Office of Inspector General; 2005 Oct [cited Nov 17]. 42 p. Available from: http://www.oig.hhs.gov/oei/reports/oei-05-04-00200.pdf
  • Book on the Internet with unknown place of publication
    • Suber P. Unbinding knowledge: a proposal for providing open access to past research articles, starting with the most important [Internet]. [place unknown]: Peter Suber; 2004 May 3 [revised 2005 Nov 16; cited 2006 Nov 3]. [about 11 p.]. Available from: http://www.earlham.edu/~peters/writing/unbind.htm
  • Book on the Internet with publisher having subsidiary division
    • Wilkinson R, Marmot M, editors. Social determinants of health: the solid facts [Internet]. 2nd ed. Copenhagen: World Health Organization, Regional Office for Europe; c2003 [cited 2006 Nov 3]. 31 p. Available from: http://www.euro.who.int/document/e81384.pdf
  • Book on the Internet with government agency or other national body as publisher
    • Federal Communicators Network (US). Communicators guide for federal, state, regional, and local communicators [Internet]. [Washington]: Department of Agriculture (US); 2000 Dec [revised 2001 Dec; cited 2006 Nov 1]. [about 75 p.]. Available from: http://www.usda.gov/news/pubs/fcn/table.htm
  • Book on the Internet with joint publication
    • American Academy of Pain Medicine; American Pain Society. The use of opioids for the treatment of chronic pain: a consensus statement [Internet]. Glenview (IL): American Academy of Pain Medicine; c1997 [cited 2006 Nov 1]. 4 p. Available from: http://www.painmed.org/productpub/statements/pdfs/opioids.pdf Jointly published by the American Pain Society.
  • Book on the Internet with month(s)/day(s) included in date of publication
    • Summary investigative report on allegations of possible scientific misconduct on the part of Gerald P. Schatten, Ph.D. [Internet]. Pittsburgh (PA): University of Pittsburgh Medical Center; 2006 Feb 8 [cited 2006 Nov 3]. 9 p. Available from: http://newsbureau.upmc.com/PDF/Final%20Public%20Report%202.08.pdf
    • Trends in tuberculosis morbidity and mortality [Internet]. [New York]: American Lung Association, Research and Program Services, Epidemiology and Statistics Unit; 2006 Jul [cited 2006 Nov 3]. 32 p. Available from: http://www.lungusa.org/atf/cf/ {7A8D42C2-FCCA-4604-8ADE-7F5D5E762256}/TB06FINAL.PDF
  • Book on the Internet with season included in date of publication
    • Rideout VJ, Vandewater EA, Wartella E. Zero to six: electronic media in the lives of infants, toddlers and preschoolers [Internet]. Menlo Park (CA): Kaiser Family Foundation; 2003 Fall [cited 2006 Nov 3]. 36 p. Available from: http://www.kff.org/entmedia/loader.cfm?url=/commonspot/security/getfile.cfm&PageID=22754
    • Bronheim S. Infusing cultural and linguistic competence into the multiple systems encountered by families following the sudden, unexpected death of an infant [Internet]. Washington: Georgetown University Center for Child and Human Development, National Center for Cultural Competence; 2003 Spring-Summer [cited 2006 Nov 6]. 12 p. Available from: http://gucchd.georgetown.edu/nccc/documents/SIDS_ID_PB_Aug_03.pdf
  • Book on the Internet with date of copyright instead of date of publication
    • A.D.A.M. medical encyclopedia [Internet]. Atlanta (GA): A.D.A.M., Inc.; c2005 [cited 2006 Nov 3]. Available from: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/encyclopedia.html
  • Book on the Internet with multiple years of publication or copyright
    • American Phytopathological Society, Committee on Standardization of Common Names for Plant Diseases. Common names of plant diseases [Internet]. St Paul (MN): The Society; 1978-2005 [cited 2006 Nov 17]. Available from: http://www.apsnet.org/online/common/.
    • Beers MH, Fletcher AJ, Jones TV, Porter R, Berkwits R, Kaplan JL, editors. The Merck manual of medical information [Internet]. 2nd home ed.; Online version. Whitehouse Station (NJ): Merck Research Laboratories; c2004-2006 [cited 2006 Nov 1]. Available from: http://www.merck.com/mmhe/index.html
  • Book on the Internet with date estimated
    • Evaluation of health literacy work among libraries and community organizations in the New York City area: report highlights [Internet]. New York: Americans for Libraries Council; [2002?] [cited 2006 Nov 1]. 4 p. Available from: http://www.lff.org/programs/hlconfeval.pdf
  • Book on the Internet with update/revision date
    • Rosenbaum EH, Piper BF, Dodd M, Dzubur K, Glover M, Kramer P, Kurshner RA, Manuel F. Fatigue reduction and management for the primary side-effects of cancer therapy [Internet]. [California]: Cancer Supportive Care; 1999 May 1 [updated 2004 Sep 9; cited 2006 Nov 1]. [about 9 p.]. Available from: http://www.cancersupportivecare.com/fatigue.html
    • Richardson ML. Approaches to differential diagnosis in musculoskeletal imaging [Internet]. Version 2.0. Seattle (WA): University of Washington School of Medicine; c2000 [revised 2001 Oct 1; cited 2006 Nov 1]. Available from: http://www.rad.washington.edu/mskbook/index.html
    • Are you worried about...cancer? [Internet]. London: Cancerbackup; c2003 [reviewed 2004 Sep 1; modified 2006 Aug 17; cited 2006 Nov 3]. [about 5 screens]. Available from: http://www.cancerbackup.org.uk/Aboutcancer/Genetics/Areyouworriedabout/cancer
  • Book on the Internet with no date of publication or copyright
    • Atlases of the brain [Internet]. Salt Lake City (UT): University of Utah, Spencer S. Eccles Health Sciences Library; [cited 2006 Nov 15]. Available from: http://library.med.utah.edu/kw/brain_atlas/.
  • Book on the Internet with standard page numbers
    • Higgins JP, Green S, editors. Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions [Internet]. Version 4.2.6. Chichester (UK): John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.; 2006 [updated 2006 Sep; cited 2006 Nov 3]. 257 p. Available from: http://www.cochrane.org/resources/handbook/handbook.pdf
  • Book on the Internet with extent expressed other than page numbers
    • Lewis M. Governance and corruption in public health care systems [Internet]. Washington: Center for Global Development; 2006 Jan [cited 2006 Nov 3]. 494 KB. Available from: http://www.cgdev.org/content/publications/detail/5967
    • FAQ: pill identification [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US); 2000 Jan 1 [updated 2006 Mar 15; cited 2006 Nov 6]. 3 paragraphs. Available from: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/services/drug_id.html
  • Book on the Internet with extent estimated
    • De Castro P, Salinetti S. Guidelines for the production of scientific and technical reports: how to write and distribute grey literature [Internet]. Version 1.0. Rome (Italy): Grey Literature International Steering Committee; 2006 Mar [cited 2006 Nov 3]. [about 20 p.]. Available from: http://www.glisc.info/.
    • Le scandaleux docteur Doyen, ou, La tragedie solitaire d'un surdoue [The scandalous Dr. Doyen, or, The solitary tragedy of a prodigy] [Internet]. Paris: Bibliotheque Interuniversitaire de Medecine et d'Odontologie; 2006 Jan [cited 2006 Nov 3]. [about 7 screens]. Available from: http://www.bium.univ-paris5.fr/histmed/medica/doyen.htm French.
  • Book on the Internet that is a video, videocast, or podcast
    • Banja J. Discussing unanticipated outcomes and disclosing medical errors [Internet]. [place unknown]: Georgia Hospital Association; [2001?] [cited 2006 Nov 17]. Video: 55 min. Available from: http://www.gha.org/pha/video/index.asp
    • Alberts B. Spreading science throughout the world: how, why and when? [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Institutes of Health (US); 2003 [cited 2006 Nov 1]. Videocast: 65 min. Available from: http://videocast.nih.gov/launch.asp?10488
    • Tracey E, Lange R. [Podcast for week of November 6, 2006] [Internet]. Baltimore (MD): Johns Hopkins Medicine; 2006 Nov 6 [cited 2006 Nov 7]. Podcast: 10 min. Available from: http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/mediaII/Podcasts.html
  • Book on the Internet with a series
    • Ziglio E, Barbosa R, Charpak Y, Turner S, editors. Health systems confront poverty [Internet]. Copenhagen: World Health Organization, Regional Office for Europe; 2003 [cited 2006 Nov 3]. (Public health case studies; no. 1). Available from: http://www.euro.who.int/document/e80225.pdf
    • Alberts B. Spreading science throughout the world: how, why and when? [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Institutes of Health (US); 2003 [cited 2006 Nov 1]. Videocast: 65 min. (David E. Barmes global health lecture; 3). Available from: http://videocast.nih.gov/launch.asp?10488
  • Book on the Internet with multiple series
    • Prescription drugs: abuse and addiction [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Institute on Drug Abuse (US); 2001 Jul [revised 2005 Aug; cited 2006 Nov 3]. 12 p. (NIDA research report series); (NIH publication; no. 05-4881). Available from: http://www.drugabuse.gov/PDF/RRPrescription.pdf
  • Book on the Internet with DOI included
    • Schiraldi GR. Post-traumatic stress disorder sourcebook: a guide to healing, recovery, and growth [Internet]. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2000 [cited 2006 Nov 6]. 446 p. Available from: http://books.mcgraw-hill.com/getbook.php?isbn=0071393722&template=#toc DOI: 10.1036/0737302658
  • Book on the Internet with optional system requirements
    • Cook N. AIDS in Africa [Internet]. Washington: Library of Congress (US), Congressional Research Service; 2006 [updated 2006 Mar 9; cited 2006 Nov 3]. 16 p. Available from: http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/row/IB10050.pdf System Requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader.
    • Airiani S, Braunstein RE, Chang S, editors. Digital reference of ophthalmology [Internet]. New York: Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Edward S. Harkness Eye Institute; c2003 [cited 2006 Nov 3]. Available from: http://dro.hs.columbia.edu/. System Requirements: Browser must be able to handle tables, javascript, and other advanced features; Netscape Navigator (version 4.0 or greater) or Microsoft Internet Explorer (version 4.0 or greater) is recommended.
    • Banja J. Discussing unanticipated outcomes and disclosing medical errors [Internet]. [place unknown]: Georgia Hospital Association; [2001?] [cited 2006 Nov 17]. Video: 55 min. Available from: http://www.gha.org/pha/video/index.asp System Requirements: RealPlayer and a T1 line.
  • Book on the Internet with supplemental note included
    • Sayers R. Principles of awareness-raising: information literacy, a case study [Internet]. Bangkok (Thailand): UNESCO Bangkok; 2006 [cited 2006 Nov 1]. 124 p. Available from: http://portal.unesco.org/ci/en/files/22439/11510733461Principles_of_Awareness _Raising_19th_April_06.pdf/Principles%2Bof%2BAwareness_Raising_19th%2BApril%2B06.pdf ISBN: 92-9223-082-4.
    • Kahn CE Jr, editor. CHORUS: Collaborative Hypertext of Radiology [Internet]. [Milwaukee]: Medical College of Wisconsin; 2004 [cited 2006 Nov 3]. Available from: http://chorus.rad.mcw.edu/. Supported in part by USPHS grant G08 LM05705 from the National Library of Medicine.
    • Thomas RL. The eclectic practice of medicine [Internet]. Illus. 2nd ed. Cincinnati (OH): Scudder Brothers Co.; 1907 [cited 2006 Nov 3]. Available from: http://www.swsbm.com/EclecticMed/EclecticPractice.html Internet version by the Southwest School of Botanical Medicine, Bisbee, AZ.
    • Reitz JM. ODLIS: online dictionary for library and information science [Internet]. Westport (CT): Libraries Unlimited; c2004-2006 [cited 2006 Nov 6]. Available from: http://lu.com/odlis/odlis_c.cfm Also available as a print book from the publisher.
  • One volume of a book on the Internet
    • Fox MK, Hamilton W, Lin BH. Effects of food assistance and nutrition programs on nutrition and health. Vol. 4, Executive summary of the literature review [Internet]. Washington: Department of Agriculture (US), Economic Research Service, Food and Rural Economics Division; 2004 Nov [cited 2006 Nov 3]. 174 p. Available from: http://www.ers.usda.gov/publications/fanrr19-4/fanrr19-4.pdf
  • Dictionary on the Internet
    • Merriam-Webster medical dictionary [Internet]. Springfield (MA): Merriam-Webster Incorporated; c2005 [cited 2006 Nov 16]. Available from: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/mplusdictionary.html
    • Reitz JM. ODLIS: online dictionary for library and information science [Internet]. Westport (CT): Libraries Unlimited; c2004-2006 [cited 2006 Nov 6]. Available from: http://lu.com/odlis/odlis_c.cfm
  • Encyclopedia on the Internet
    • A.D.A.M. medical encyclopedia [Internet]. Atlanta (GA): A.D.A.M., Inc.; c2005 [cited 2006 Nov 3]. Available from: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/encyclopedia.html
    • Irwin RJ, van Mouwerik M, Stevens L, Seese MD, Basham W, compilers and editors. Environmental contaminants encyclopedia [Internet]. Fort Collins (CO): National Park Service (US), Water Resources Divisions, Water Operations Branch; 1998 Feb [updated 2003 Dec 11; cited 2006 Nov 3]. Available from: http://www.nature.nps.gov/toxic/index.html
  • Conference proceedings on the Internet
    • Include 2005 [Internet]. Proceedings of the International Conference on Inclusive Design; 2005 Apr 5-8; London. London: Royal College of Art, Helen Hamlyn Research Centre; [cited 2006 Nov 3]. [about 130 p.]. Available from: http://www.hhrc.rca.ac.uk/programmes/include/2005/proceedings/index.html
    • Bashook PG, Miller SH, Parboosingh J, Horowitz SD, editors. Credentialing physician specialists: a world perspective [Internet]. Proceedings; 2000 Jun 8-10; Chicago. Evanston (IL): American Board of Medical Specialties, Research and Education Foundation; [cited 2006 Nov 3]. 221 p. Available from: http://www.abms.org/publications.asp
  • Technical report on the Internet
    • Arkes J, Pacula RL, Paddock S, Caulkins JP, Reuter P (RAND Drug Policy Research Center, Santa Monica, CA). Technical report for the price and purity of illicit drugs: 1981 through the second quarter of 2003 [Internet]. Washington: Executive Office of the President (US), Office of National Drug Control Policy; 2004 Nov [cited 2006 Nov 3]. 83 p. Contract No.: DHHS 282-00-0016. Report No.: NCJ 207769. Available from: http://www.whitehousedrugpolicy.gov/publications/ price_purity_tech_rpt/price_purity_tech_rpt.pdf
    • Baydar N, McCann M, Williams R, Vesper E (Battelle Centers for Public Health Research and Evaluation, Seattle, WA). Final report. WIC infant feeding practices study [Internet]. Wieringa D, Sitchin K, editors. Alexandria (VA): Department of Agriculture (US), Food and Consumer Service, Office of Analysis and Evaluation; 1997 Nov [cited 2006 Nov 3]. 254 p. Contract No.: 53-3198-3-003. Available from: http://purl.access.gpo.gov/GPO/LPS9308
  • Dissertation on the Internet
    • Zieger K. Die Bedeutung der deutschen Arztevereine fur das wissenschaftliche Leben, die medizinische Versorgung und soziale Belange der Stadt St. Petersburg von 1819-1914 [dissertation on the Internet]. Leipzig (Germany): Universitat Leipzig, Karl-Sudhoff-Institut fur Geschichte der Medizin und der Naturwissenschaften; 2000 [cited 2006 Nov 3]. 123 p. Available from: http://www.vifaost.de/w/pdf/zieger-aerzte.pdf German.
  • Bibliography on the Internet
    • Zorn M, Ratzan S, compilers. Health risk communication [bibliography on the Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US); 2000 Oct [cited 2006 Nov 14]. 59 p. (Current bibliographies in medicine; no. 2000-7). Available from: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/pubs/cbm/health_risk_communication.pdf 847 citations from January 1990 through October 2000, plus selected earlier citations.
    • Settle TB, compiler. La storia e la filosofia della scienza, della tecnologia e della medicina = The history and philosophy of science, technology and medicine [bibliography on the Internet]. Florence (Italy): IMSS & Polytechnic University; c1994-2006 [updated 2006 Aug 22; cited 2006 Nov 3]. [about 20 p.]. Available from: http://www.imss.fi.it/%7etsettle/index.html Italian, English.
    • Toolkit of instruments to measure end of life [bibliography on the Internet]. Washington: George Washington University Medical Center, Center to Improve Care of the Dying; [cited 2006 Nov 1]. Available from: http://www.gwu.edu/~cicd/toolkit/toolkit.htm
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