Obstetrics, gynecology, andrology, sexual and reproductive health

Adolescence

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Adolescent pregnancy

Afghanistan

• BMC Public Health
  • The association of child marriage with morbidities and mortality among children under 5 years in Afghanistan: findings from a national survey [2023]

Africa

• BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
  • Adverse obstetric and neonatal outcomes of adolescent pregnancies in Africa: a scoping review [2022]

• Reproductive Health
  • Prevalence and determinants of adolescent pregnancy in Africa: a systematic review and Meta-analysis [2018]

Americas

• BMC Public Health
  • Associations between child and adolescent marriage and reproductive outcomes in Brazil, Ecuador, the United States and Canada [2022]

Asia-Pacific

• World Health Organization
  • Child, early and forced marriage legislation in 37 Asia-Pacific countries [2016]

Australia

• Australian Family Physician
  • Teenage mothers [2016]

• Australian Institute of Health and Welfare
  • Teenage mothers in Australia 2015 [2018]

• Australian Journal of General Practice
  • Teenage pregnancy [2020]

Bangladesh

• Demographic and Health Surveys
  • Prevalence and Determinants of Adolescent Fertility: Analysis of 2014 Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey [2020]

• Frontiers in Public Health
  • Prevalence and determinants of adolescent childbearing: comparative analysis of 2017-18 and 2014 Bangladesh Demographic Health Survey [2023]

• PLoS ONE
  • Adolescent motherhood in Bangladesh: Trends and determinants [2017]

• Tropical Medicine & International Health
  • Utilization of maternal health services among adolescent women in Bangladesh: A scoping review of the literature [2015]

• World Bank
  • Child Marriage and Fertility in Bangladesh [2017]

Brazil

• BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
  • Fertility rates among very young adolescent women: temporal and spatial trends in Brazil [2016]

• Ciência & Saúde Coletiva
  • Recurrence of teenage pregnancy: associated maternal and neonatal factor outcomes [2022]
  • Factors associated with the adequacy of gestational weight gain among Brazilian teenagers [2022]
  • Trend of the nutritional status of pregnant adolescent beneficiaries of the Brazilian Bolsa Família conditional cash transfer program in the 2008-2018 period [2021]

• Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem
  • Trends in fertility rates, proportion of antenatal consultations and caesarean sections among Brazilian adolescents [2021]

• Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira
  • Teenage pregnancy in the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil [2023]
  • Repeated adolescent pregnancy in Brazil from 2015 to 2019 [2023]
  • Trends in teenage pregnancy in Brazil in the last 20 years (2000-2019) [2021]
  • Temporal trend of adolescent pregnancy in Brasil [2019]
  • Adolescent pregnancy trends in the last decade [2019]
  • Trends of teenage pregnancy in Brazil, 2000-2011 [2016]

• Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem
  • Prenatal Care for Adolescents and attributes of Primary Health Care [2014]

Burundi

• BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
  • Prevalence, trend and determinants of adolescent childbearing in Burundi: a multilevel analysis of the 1987 to 2016-17 Burundi Demographic and Health Surveys data [2022]

Cameroon

• PLoS ONE
  • Teenage pregnancy and timing of first marriage in Cameroon-What has changed over the last three decades, and what are the implications? [2022]

• Reproductive Health
  • Teenage childbearing and school dropout in a sample of 18,791 single mothers in Cameroon [2022]

Canada

• Canadian Journal of Public Health
  • Prevalence and sociodemographic correlates of marriage among adolescent mothers in Canada, 1989-2018 [2023]

• Canadian Paediatric Society
  • Meeting the needs of adolescent parents and their children [2016]

• Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology
  • Prevalence of Low Birth Weight, Premature Birth, and Stillbirth Among Pregnant Adolescents in Canada: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis [2021]

• Preventive Medicine
  • Marital status, immigration, and reproductive health among adolescent mothers in Canada, 1990-2018: A population-based, observational study [2022]

• Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada
  • Adolescent Pregnancy Guidelines [2015]

China

• Lancet Global Health
  • Chinese trends in adolescent marriage and fertility between 1990 and 2015: a systematic synthesis of national and subnational population data [2020]

• Scientific Reports
  • Characteristics and adverse outcomes of Chinese adolescent pregnancies between 2012 and 2019 [2021]

Colombia

• Cadernos de Saúde Pública
  • Early adolescent childbearing in Colombia: time-trends and consequences [2019]

Developed countries

• BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
  • Nutrient intakes and nutritional biomarkers in pregnant adolescents: a systematic review of studies in developed countries [2016]

Developing countries

• World Health Organization
  • Preventing early pregnancy and poor reproductive outcomes among adolescents in developing countries [2011]

East Africa

• BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
  • Prevalence and associated factors of adolescent pregnancy (15–19 years) in East Africa: a multilevel analysis [2021]

• Reproductive Health
  • Mapping adolescent first births within three east African countries using data from Demographic and Health Surveys: exploring geospatial methods to inform policy [2016]

East Asia, Pacific

• Reproductive Health
  • Adolescent fertility and family planning in East Asia and the Pacific: A review of DHS reports [2011]

Eastern Mediterranean

• International Journal for Equity in Health
  • Social determinants of health and adolescent childbearing in WHO Eastern Mediterranean countries [2023]

Ecuador

• International Journal of Public Health
  • Trends in teenage motherhood in Ecuador: challenges and inequalities [2020]

Ethiopia

• BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
  • Adolescent childbearing trends and sub-national variations in Ethiopia: a pooled analysis of data from six surveys [2018]

• BMC Women's Health
  • Trends and factors contributing to health facility delivery among adolescent women in Ethiopia: multivariate decomposition analysis [2022]

• PLoS ONE
  • Trends change in teen pregnancy among adolescent women in Ethiopia based on Ethiopian demographic and health surveys: Multivariate decomposition analysis [2023]
  • Prevalence and correlates associated with early childbearing among teenage girls in Ethiopia: A multilevel analysis [2023]
  • Prevalence and associated factors of adolescent fatherhood in Ethiopia: A multilevel analysis using the 2016 Ethiopian demographic health survey data [2021]

Gambia

• BMC Public Health
  • The prevalence of teenage pregnancy and early motherhood and its associated factors among late adolescent (15-19) years girls in the Gambia: based on 2019/20 Gambian demographic and health survey data [2022]

Ghana

• BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
  • Socio-cultural factors influencing adolescent pregnancy in Ghana: a scoping review [2022]

• BMC Women's Health
  • Child marriage in Ghana: evidence from a multi-method study [2019]

• BMJ Open
  • Analysis of national and subnational prevalence of adolescent pregnancy and changes in the associated sexual behaviours and sociodemographic determinants across three decades in Ghana, 1988-2019 [2023]

• PLoS ONE
  • Socio-economic factors associated with adolescent pregnancy and motherhood: Analysis of the 2017 Ghana maternal health survey [2022]

High-income countries

• Reproductive Health
  • Psychosocial interventions targeting mental health in pregnant adolescents and adolescent parents: a systematic review [2020]

India

• BMC Public Health
  • Assessing the coverage of full antenatal care among adolescent mothers from scheduled tribe and scheduled caste communities in India [2023]

• Reproductive Health
  • Perception, practices, and understanding related to teenage pregnancy among the adolescent girls in India: a scoping review [2023]
  • Motherhood in childhood: addressing reproductive health hazards among adolescent married women in India [2016]

Indonesia

• Rural and Remote Health
  • Factors associated with adolescent birth in Indonesia: a national survey [2022]

International

• BMJ Global Health
  • Factors that influence the uptake of postnatal care among adolescent girls: a qualitative evidence synthesis [2023]
  • Using three indicators to understand the parity-specific contribution of adolescent childbearing to all births [2018]

• Global Health: Science and Practice
  • Interventions for Preventing Unintended, Rapid Repeat Pregnancy Among Adolescents: A Review of the Evidence and Lessons From High-Quality Evaluations [2017]

• Reproductive Health
  • Updated research gaps on ending child marriage and supporting married girls for 2020–2030 [2021]
  • Research priorities on ending child marriage and supporting married girls [2015]

• United Nations Children's Fund - UNICEF
  • Early Childbearing

• United Nations Population Fund
  • Motherhood in Childhood: The Untold Story [2022]
  • UNFPA-UNICEF Global Programme to End Child Marriage Annual Report 2020 [2021]
  • Research Strategy for Phase II: The UNFPA–UNICEF Global Programme to End Child Marriage [2021]
  • Girlhood, Not Motherhood [2015]
  • Country Profiles

Israel

• Israel Medical Association Journal
  • Pregnancy Prevention and Termination of Pregnancy in Adolescence: Facts, Ethics, Law and Politics [2015]

Kenya

• BMC Women's Health
  • Trends and determinants of adolescent pregnancy: Results from Kenya demographic health surveys 2003-2014 [2022]

• PLoS ONE
  • Political prioritization and the competing definitions of adolescent pregnancy in Kenya: An application of the Public Arenas Model [2020]

Latin America and the Caribbean

• Lancet Child & Adolescent Health
  • Trends and inequities in adolescent childbearing in Latin American and Caribbean countries across generations and over time: a population-based study [2023]

• Pan American Health Organization
  • Adolescent Pregnancy in Latin America and the Caribbean. Technical brief, August 2020 [2020]
  • Accelerating progress toward the reduction of adolescent pregnancy in Latin America and the Caribbean [2017]

• Reproductive Health
  • Trends in adolescent first births in five countries in Latin America and the Caribbean: disaggregated data from demographic and health surveys [2018]
  • Looking back and moving forward: can we accelerate progress on adolescent pregnancy in the Americas? [2017]

• Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública
  • Adolescent pregnancy, public policies, and targeted programs in Latin America and the Caribbean: a systematic review [2021]

Low and middle income countries

• BMC Medicine
  • Trend and projection of skilled birth attendants and institutional delivery coverage for adolescents in 54 low- and middle-income countries, 2000–2030 [2022]

• BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
  • The causes of maternal mortality in adolescents in low and middle income countries: a systematic review of the literature [2016]

• Health Policy and Planning
  • Early adolescent childbearing in low- and middle-income countries: associations with income inequity, human development and gender equality [2016]

• Journal of Adolescent Health
  • Interventions to Prevent Unintended and Repeat Pregnancy Among Young People in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review of the Published and Gray Literature [2016]
  • Interventions to Prevent Child Marriage Among Young People in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review of the Published and Gray Literature [2016]

• Journal of Global Health
  • Equity in antenatal care visits among adolescent mothers: An analysis of 54 country levels trend and projection of coverage from 2000 to 2030 [2022]

• Nutrition Reviews
  • Multiple-micronutrient supplementation in pregnant adolescents in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and a meta-analysis of individual participant data [2022]

Malaysia

• Medical Journal of Malaysia
  • A review of teenage pregnancy research in Malaysia [2015]

Mexico

• Cadernos de Saúde Pública
  • Public policy on the prevention of subsequent adolescent pregnancy: what type of policy prevails? [2022]

• International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
  • Government Expenditure on Maternal Health and Family Planning Services for Adolescents in Mexico, 2003–2015 [2020]

Nepal

• BMJ Global Health
  • Using geospatial modelling to estimate the prevalence of adolescent first births in Nepal [2019]

• PLoS ONE
  • Trends and factors associated with pregnancies among adolescent women in Nepal: Pooled analysis of Nepal Demographic and Health Surveys (2006, 2011 and 2016) [2018]

Nigeria

• BMC Public Health
  • Socioeconomic inequalities in teenage pregnancy in Nigeria: evidence from Demographic Health Survey [2022]

• BMC Women's Health
  • A multilevel analysis of prevalence and factors associated with female child marriage in Nigeria using the 2018 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey data [2022]

• International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
  • Regional Trends and Socioeconomic Predictors of Adolescent Pregnancy in Nigeria: A Nationwide Study [2022]

Pakistan

• International Health
  • Prevalence and predictors of teenage pregnancy in Pakistan: a trend analysis from Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey datasets from 1990 to 2018 [2022]

Philippines

• Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition
  • Adolescent Pregnancy and the First 1000 Days (the Philippine Situation) [2015]

• Reproductive Health
  • Exposure to family planning messages and teenage pregnancy: results from the 2017 Philippine National Demographic and Health Survey [2022]

Poland

• Ginekologia Polska
  • The Polish Society of Gynecologists and Obstetricians' Expert Group Recommendations regarding adolescent pregnancy [2023]

Republic of Korea

• Frontiers in Public Health
  • The Association Between Adequate Prenatal Care and Severe Maternal Morbidity Among Teenage Pregnancies: A Population-Based Cohort Study [2022]

Rwanda

• Heliyon
  • Prevalence of teenage pregnancy and the associated contextual correlates in Rwanda [2020]

Sao Tome and Principe

• BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
  • Adolescent pregnancy in Sao Tome and Principe: are there different obstetric and perinatal outcomes? [2022]
  • Adolescent pregnancy in Sao Tome and Principe: a cross-sectional hospital-based study [2022]

Sierra Leone

• BMC Public Health
  • Prevalence and factors associated with teenage pregnancy in Sierra Leone: evidence from a nationally representative Demographic and Health Survey of 2019 [2023]

South Africa

• African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine
  • Maternal deaths due to eclampsia in teenagers: Lessons from assessment of maternal deaths in South Africa [2020]

• Reproductive Health
  • Teenage pregnancy rates and associations with other health risk behaviours: a three-wave cross-sectional study among South African school-going adolescents [2016]

• South African Medical Journal
  • Teenage births and pregnancies in South Africa, 2017 - 2021 - a reflection of a troubled country: Analysis of public sector data [2022]

South Asia

• International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
  • Child Marriage in South Asia: A Systematic Review [2022]
  • Adolescent Pregnancy in South Asia: A Systematic Review of Observational Studies [2022]

South Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa

• BMJ Global Health
  • Effect of adolescent pregnancy on child mortality in 46 countries [2022]

• Social Science & Medicine
  • Adolescent perinatal mental health in South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review of qualitative and quantitative evidence [2022]

Southern Africa

• Health Promotion Perspectives
  • The prevalence of pregnancy among adolescent girls and young women across the Southern African development community economic hub: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2020]

Sub-Saharan Africa

• BMC Health Services Research
  • Girl child marriage and its association with maternal healthcare services utilization in sub-Saharan Africa [2022]

• BMC International Health and Human Rights
  • Prevalence of child marriage and its impact on fertility outcomes in 34 sub-Saharan African countries [2019]

• BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
  • Socio-demographic determinants of pregnancy termination among adolescent girls and young women in selected high fertility countries in sub-Saharan Africa [2021]
  • Maternal health service utilisation of adolescent women in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic scoping review [2019]

• BMC Research Notes
  • A systematic review of risk factors for neonatal mortality in Adolescent Mothers in Sub Saharan Africa [2014]

• BMC Women's Health
  • Prevalence of teenage pregnancy and its associated factors in high fertility sub-Saharan Africa countries: a multilevel analysis [2023]
  • Prevalence and factors associated with unintended pregnancy among adolescent girls and young women in sub-Saharan Africa, a multilevel analysis [2022]

• BMJ Open
  • Young adolescent girls are at high risk for adverse pregnancy outcomes in sub-Saharan Africa: an observational multicountry study [2016]

• Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences
  • Trends, Determinants and Health Risks of Adolescent Fatherhood in Sub-Saharan Africa [2018]

• International Journal for Equity in Health
  • Trends in adolescent first births in sub-Saharan Africa: a tale of increasing inequity? [2020]

• International Journal of Health Policy and Management
  • Prevention of Adolescent Pregnancy in Anglophone Sub-Saharan Africa: A Scoping Review of National Policies [2022]

• Journal of Adolescent Health
  • Preventing, but Not Caring for, Adolescent Pregnancies? Disparities in the Quality of Reproductive Health Care in Sub-Saharan Africa [2022]

• PLoS ONE
  • Prevalence of first adolescent pregnancy and its associated factors in sub-Saharan Africa: A multi-country analysis [2021]

• Reproductive Health
  • Determinants of adolescent pregnancy in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review [2018]

Taiwan

• BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
  • Comparison of medical issues in antenatal and perinatal periods in early youth, adolescent, and young adult mothers in Taiwan: a 10-year nationwide study [2014]

• Italian Journal of Pediatrics
  • The growth and development of children born to adolescent mothers in Taiwan [2016]

Tanzania

• Pan African Medical Journal
  • Trends and factors associated with repeated adolescent pregnancies in Tanzania from 2004-2016: evidence from Tanzania demographic and health surveys [2021]

Thailand

• AIMS Public Health
  • Years of healthy life lost due to adverse pregnancy and childbirth outcomes among adolescent mothers in Thailand [2018]

• BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
  • Estimation of the adolescent pregnancy rate in Thailand 2008–2013: an application of capture-recapture method [2020]

Uganda

• Pan African Medical Journal
  • The determinants of early childbearing by disability status in Uganda: an analysis of demographic and health survey data [2021]

• PLoS ONE
  • Time trends in and factors associated with repeat adolescent birth in Uganda: Analysis of six demographic and health surveys [2020]

• Reproductive Health
  • Trends and determinants of adolescent childbirth in Uganda- analysis of rural and urban women using six demographic and health surveys, 1988–2016 [2020]

• World Bank
  • Child Marriage, Early Childbearing, Low Educational Attainment for Girls, and Their Impacts in Uganda [2017]

United Kingdom

• Journal of Adolescent Health
  • Implementing the United Kingdom Government's 10-Year Teenage Pregnancy Strategy for England (1999–2010): Applicable Lessons for Other Countries [2016]

• Lancet
  • Changes in conceptions in women younger than 18 years and the circumstances of young mothers in England in 2000–12: an observational study [2016]

• Public Health England
  • Teenage pregnancy

• Public Health Scotland
  • Outcomes Framework for the Pregnancy and Parenthood in Young People strategy in Scotland [2016]
  • Teenage Pregnancy

• Reproductive Health
  • Implementing the United Kingdom’s ten-year teenage pregnancy strategy for England (1999-2010): How was this done and what did it achieve? [2016]

• Scottish Government
  • Pregnancy and parenthood in young people: strategy update [2017]

United States

• Adolescent Health, Medicine and Therapeutics
  • Perspectives on Adolescent Pregnancy Prevention Strategies in the United States: Looking Back, Looking Forward [2020]

• American Academy of Pediatrics
  • Options Counseling for the Pregnant Adolescent Patient [2022]
  • Care of Adolescent Parents and Their Children [2021]
  • Diagnosis of Pregnancy and Providing Options Counseling for the Adolescent Patient [2017]
  • Addendum - Adolescent Pregnancy: Current Trends and Issues [2014]

• American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology
  • Adolescent Pregnancy and Gestational Weight Gain: Do the Institute of Medicine Recommendations Apply? [2011]

• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
  • Trends in Repeat Births and Use of Postpartum Contraception Among Teens — United States, 2004–2015 [2017]
  • Maternity Care Practices and Breastfeeding Among Adolescent Mothers Aged 12–19 Years — United States, 2009–2011 [2016]
  • Vital Signs: Births to Teens Aged 15–17 Years — United States, 1991–2012 [2014]
  • National and state patterns of teen births in the United States, 1940-2013 [2014]
  • Prepregnancy Contraceptive Use Among Teens with Unintended Pregnancies Resulting in Live Births — Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS), 2004–2008 [2012]
  • Vital Signs: Teen Pregnancy --- United States, 1991--2009 [2011]
  • Teen Pregnancy
  • Teen Births
  • Preventing Teen Pregnancy
  • Preventing Repeat Teen Births
  • Preventing Pregnancies in Younger Teens

• Current Problems in Pediatric and Adolescent Health Care
  • Tailoring Clinical Services to Address the Unique Needs of Adolescents from the Pregnancy Test to Parenthood [2013]

• Global Advances in Health and Medicine
  • Reproductive Health Disparities: A Focus on Family Planning and Prevention Among Minority Women and Adolescents [2013]

• Guttmacher Institute
  • United States Teen Pregnancy

• JAMA
  • Adverse Maternal and Delivery Outcomes in Children and Very Young (Age <=13 Years) US Adolescents Compared With Older Adolescents and Adults [2022]

• Journal of Adolescent Health
  • County-level clustering and characteristics of repeat versus first teen births in the United States, 2015-2017 [2019]
  • Understanding the Decline in Adolescent Fertility in the United States, 2007–2012 [2016]

• LGBT Health
  • Sexual Orientation Disparities in Pregnancy Risk Behaviors and Pregnancy Among Sexually Active Teenage Girls: Updates from the Youth Risk Behavior Survey [2019]

• Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
  • More comprehensive sex education reduced teen births: Quasi-experimental evidence [2022]

• U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
  • Office of Adolescent Health Medical Accuracy Review Process—Helping Ensure the Medical Accuracy of Teen Pregnancy Prevention Program Materials [2014]

• U.S. Department of Health and Human Services - Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation
  • The Teen Pregnancy Prevention Program (2010-2015): Synthesis of Impact Findings [2016]

West Africa

• International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
  • The Effects of Pregnancy: A Systematic Review of Adolescent Pregnancy in Ghana, Liberia, and Nigeria [2022]

West and Central Africa

• Journal of Global Health
  • Socio-economic predictors of undernutrition and anaemia in adolescent mothers in West and Central Africa [2021]
  • Levels and trends of adolescent marriage and maternity in West and Central Africa, 1986-2017 [2021]
  • Does early childbearing affect utilization of antenatal care services and infant birth weight: Evidence from West and Central African Region [2021]

WHO

• World Health Organization
  • Adolescent pregnancy: Evidence brief [2019]
  • Reducing early and unintended pregnancies among adolescents [2017]
  • Pregnancy and childbirth outcomes among adolescent mothers: a World Health Organization multicountry study [2014]
  • Report of the expert group meeting on mainstreaming adolescent pregnancy in the work of the World Health Organization [2009]
  • Adolescent pregnancy: Unmet needs and undone deeds [2007]
  • Adolescent Pregnancy: Issues in adolescent health and development [2004]
  • Adolescent pregnancy: Fact sheet
  • Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1000 women aged 15-19 years) (Health Inequality Monitor)
  • Adolescent birth rate (per 1000 women)

Zambia

• BMJ Open
  • Access to mass media and teenage pregnancy among adolescents in Zambia: a national cross-sectional survey [2022]

• Reproductive Health
  • A multilevel analysis of trends and predictors associated with teenage pregnancy in Zambia (2001-2018) [2023]
  • Association between socioeconomic status and fertility among adolescents aged 15 to 19: an analysis of the 2013/2014 Zambia Demographic Health Survey (ZDHS) [2021]

{Related topics}

• Guidelines
  • Family planning
  • Adolescent sexual health
  • Adolescent reproductive health, adolescent gynecology
  • Adolescent health
  • Adolescent contraception