Obstetrics, gynecology, andrology, sexual and reproductive health

Family planning

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Family planning, contraception

Afghanistan

• BMC Women's Health
  • Uptake and predictors of contraceptive use in Afghan women [2015]

• Scientific Reports
  • Factors influencing the uptake of short-term contraceptives among women in Afghanistan [2022]

Africa

• BMJ Open
  • Prevalence and factors associated with modern contraceptive use among women of reproductive age in 20 African countries: a large population-based study [2020]

• WHO African Region
  • Family planning health profiles - 2019 [2020]

Australia

• Australian Family Physician
  • The management of irregular bleeding in women using contraception [2017]
  • Perimenopausal contraception: A practice-based approach [2017]
  • LARCs as first-line contraception – What can general practitioners advise young women? [2017]
  • Contraception: LARCs first? [2017]
  • Catching up on contraception [2009]

• Australian Journal of General Practice
  • Long-acting reversible contraceptives: New evidence to support clinical practice [2022]

• Reproductive Health
  • Patterns of contraceptive use among young Australian women with chronic disease: findings from a prospective cohort study [2022]

Australia, New Zealand

• Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
  • Long Acting Reversible Contraception [2017]

Bangladesh

• BMC Public Health
  • Prevalence and determinants of contraceptive method use among Bangladeshi women of reproductive age: a multilevel multinomial analysis [2022]

• PLoS ONE
  • Regional variations of contraceptive use in Bangladesh: A disaggregate analysis by place of residence [2020]

• Scientific Reports
  • Exploring rise of pregnancy in Bangladesh resulting from contraceptive failure [2022]

Brazil

• Ciência & Saúde Coletiva
  • Contraception use and family planning inequalities among Brazilian women [2021]

Burkina Faso

• BMC Public Health
  • Empowerment and use of modern contraceptive methods among married women in Burkina Faso: a multilevel analysis [2021]

• Sexual and Reproductive Health Matters
  • Prevalence of non-preferred family planning methods among reproductive-aged women in Burkina Faso: results from a cross-sectional, population-based study [2023]

Burundi

• Demographic and Health Surveys
  • Fertility and Family Planning Characteristics of Contraceptive Clusters in Burundi [2020]

Canada

• CMAJ
  • Contraception in Canada: a review of method choices, characteristics, adherence and approaches to counselling [2007]

• Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada
  • Contraception in Canada: A Nod to the Past and Look Into the Future [2019]

• Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada
  • Canadian Contraception Consensus (Part 2 of 4) Abstract and Summary Statement [2015]
  • Canadian Contraception Consensus (Part 1 of 4) Abstract and Summary Statement [2015]

China

• BMJ Open
  • Maternal depression and loss of children under the one-child family planning policy in China: a cross-sectional study of 300 000 women [2021]

Democratic Republic of Congo

• BMC Women's Health
  • Relationship between women’s decision-making power over their own health care and use of modern contraception in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: a cross-sectional secondary data analysis [2021]

Developing countries

• Global Health: Science and Practice
  • Contraceptive Method Mix: Updates and Implications [2020]

East Africa

• PLoS ONE
  • Pooled prevalence and determinants of modern contraceptive utilization in East Africa: A Multi-country Analysis of recent Demographic and Health Surveys [2021]

Ethiopia

• BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
  • Prevalence and determinants of unintended childbirth in Ethiopia [2014]

• BMC Women's Health
  • Modern contraception utilization and associated factors among all women aged 15-49 in Ethiopia: evidence from the 2019 Ethiopian Mini Demographic and Health Survey [2023]
  • Modern contraceptive utilization and associated factors among reproductive-age women in Ethiopia: evidence from 2016 Ethiopia demographic and health survey [2020]

• Contraception and Reproductive Medicine
  • Unmet need for family planning in Ethiopia and its association with occupational status of women and discussion to her partner: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2020]

• Frontiers in Public Health
  • Discontinuation of long acting reversible contraceptive use and its determinants among women in Ethiopia: Systematic review and meta-analysis [2022]

• Global Health Action
  • Trends in contraceptive use and distribution of births with demographic risk factors in Ethiopia: a sub-national analysis [2015]

• Open Access Journal of Contraception
  • Prevalence and Predictors of Contraceptive Use Among Women of Premenopausal Period in Ethiopia: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Data Analysis [2021]

• PLoS ONE
  • Short birth spacing and its association with maternal educational status, contraceptive use, and duration of breastfeeding in Ethiopia. A systematic review and meta-analysis [2021]

• Reproductive Health
  • Prevalence and associated factors of contraceptive discontinuation among reproductive-age women in Ethiopia: using 2016 Nationwide Survey Data [2020]
  • Practice and Intention to use long acting and permanent contraceptive methods among married women in Ethiopia: Systematic meta-analysis [2016]

Ethiopia, Senegal

• Health Research Policy and Systems
  • Dissemination and use of WHO family planning guidance and tools: a qualitative assessment [2018]

Europe

• European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology
  • Why after 50 years of effective contraception do we still have unintended pregnancy? A European perspective [2018]
  • Family planning 2011: better use of existing methods, new strategies and more informed choices for female contraception [2012]
  • Female contraception over 40 [2009]

France

• BMC Women's Health
  • A rise in births following contraceptive failure in France between 2010 and 2016: results from the French national perinatal surveys [2021]

• Journal of Gynecology Obstetrics and Human Reproduction
  • Clinical practice guidelines for contraception by the French National College of Gynecologists and Obstetricians (CNGOF) [2019]

Ghana

• PLoS ONE
  • Spatial variations and socioeconomic determinants of modern contraceptive use in Ghana: A Bayesian multilevel analysis [2020]

India

• BMC Public Health
  • Socio-economic inequalities in non-use of modern contraceptives among young and non-young married women in India [2023]

• BMC Women's Health
  • Spatial distribution and factors influencing modern contraceptive practice among tribal married women in India: evidence from National Family Health Survey 5 (2019-2021) [2023]
  • Levels, patterns and determinants of using reversible contraceptives for limiting family planning in India: evidence from National Family Health Survey, 2015-16 [2022]

• Reproductive Health
  • Spatial heterogeneity in discontinuation of modern spacing method in districts of India [2021]
  • Modern contraceptive use among women in need of family planning in India: an analysis of the inequalities related to the mix of methods used [2021]

Indonesia

• Bulletin of the World Health Organization
  • Health insurance and contraceptive use, Indonesian Family Planning Census 2021 [2023]

• Demographic and Health Surveys
  • Determinants of Contraceptive Discontinuation in Indonesia: Further Analysis of the 2017 Demographic and Health Survey [2019]

Indonesia, Philippines

• BMC Public Health
  • Barriers for multiparous women to using long-term contraceptive methods in Southeast Asia: case study in Philippines and Indonesia [2022]

International

• Bulletin of the World Health Organization
  • Reclassifying contraceptives as over-the-counter medicines to improve access [2022]
  • Expanding equity measurements of family planning beyond wealth status and contraceptive use [2021]

• Contraception
  • Values and preferences for contraception: A global systematic review [2022]
  • Research gaps identified during the 2014 update of the WHO medical eligibility criteria for contraceptive use and selected practice recommendations for contraceptive use [2015]

• International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics
  • COVID-19 Contraception and Family Planning [2020]

• Lancet
  • Measuring contraceptive method mix, prevalence, and demand satisfied by age and marital status in 204 countries and territories, 1970-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 [2022]

• PLoS Medicine
  • Estimating progress towards meeting women’s contraceptive needs in 185 countries: A Bayesian hierarchical modelling study [2020]

• SBCC Implementation Kits
  • Healthy Timing and Spacing of Pregnancies – Addressing Advanced Maternal Age and High Parity in Family Planning Programs Implementation Kit

• Studies in Family Planning
  • Global Contraceptive Failure Rates: Who Is Most at Risk? [2019]

• U.S. Agency for International Development
  • Family Planning Resources

• United Nations Population Fund
  • Seeing the Unseen: The case for action in the neglected crisis of unintended pregnancy [2022]

Iran

• Journal of Marriage and Family
  • Family Change and Continuity in Iran: Birth Control Use Before First Pregnancy [2009]

Italy

• Journal of Nephrology
  • Contraception in chronic kidney disease: a best practice position statement by the Kidney and Pregnancy Group of the Italian Society of Nephrology [2020]

Japan

• International Journal of Clinical Oncology
  • Guidance on the need for contraception related to use of pharmaceuticals: the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development Study Group for providing information on the proper use of pharmaceuticals in patients with reproductive potential [2022]

Jordan

• Demographic and Health Surveys
  • Jordan Family Planning Questions [2020]
  • Intention to Use Contraceptives in Jordan: Further Analysis of the Jordan Population and Family Health Survey 2017-18 [2020]
  • Fertility Preferences and Contraceptive Behaviors among Ever-married Women and Men: An Analysis of the 2017-18 Jordan Population and Family Health Survey [2020]

• Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal
  • Are users of modern and traditional contraceptive methods in Jordan different? [2018]

Kenya

• African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine
  • Prevalence of and factors associated with contraceptive discontinuation in Kenya [2022]

• BMC Public Health
  • Prevalence and factors associated with covert contraceptive use in Kenya: a cross-sectional study [2021]

• Reproductive Health
  • Modern contraceptive use among migrant and non-migrant women in Kenya [2016]

Latin America and the Caribbean

• Lancet Global Health
  • Contraceptive use in Latin America and the Caribbean with a focus on long-acting reversible contraceptives: prevalence and inequalities in 23 countries [2019]

Low and middle income countries

• Journal of Global Health
  • Reported evidence on the effectiveness of mass media interventions in increasing knowledge and use of family planning in low and middle-income countries: a systematic mixed methods review [2019]

• Reproductive Health
  • Socio-demographic and economic inequalities in modern contraception in 11 low- and middle-income countries: an analysis of the PMA2020 surveys [2020]

• Studies in Family Planning
  • Barriers and Enablers Influencing Women's Adoption and Continuation of Vaginally Inserted Contraceptive Methods: A Literature Review [2022]

Moldova

• BMJ Open
  • Contraceptive confidence and timing of first birth in Moldova: an event history analysis of retrospective data [2014]

Myanmar

• Demographic and Health Surveys
  • Factors that Affect the Discontinuation of Family Planning Methods in Myanmar: Analysis of the 2015-16 Myanmar Demographic and Health Survey [2019]

Nepal

• World Bank
  • Family Planning : The Hidden Need of Married Adolescents in Nepal [2015]

New Zealand

• Ministry of Health New Zealand
  • Long-acting Reversible Contraception: Health Practitioner Training Principles and Standards [2022]
  • New Zealand Aotearoa’s guidance on contraception [2020]

Nigeria

• BMC Public Health
  • Access to mass media messages, and use of family planning in Nigeria: a spatio-demographic analysis from the 2013 DHS [2016]

• BMJ Open
  • Survival analysis of time to uptake of modern contraceptives among sexually active women of reproductive age in Nigeria [2015]

• Global Health Action
  • Contraceptive use and distribution of high-risk births in Nigeria: a sub-national analysis [2015]

• International Journal of Women's Health
  • Sexual autonomy and contraceptive use among women in Nigeria: findings from the Demographic and Health Survey data [2017]

Pakistan

• Demographic and Health Surveys
  • Trends, Differentials, and Determinants of Modern Contraceptive Use in Pakistan, 1990-2018 [2020]

• F1000Research
  • Prevalence and determinants of contraception use in Pakistan: trend analysis from the Pakistan Demographic and Health Surveys (PDHS) dataset from 1990 to 2018 [2021]

Peru

• BMC Public Health
  • Associated factors, inequalities, and spatial distribution of the use of modern contraceptive methods among women of reproductive age in Peru: a population-based cross-sectional study [2022]

Republic of Korea

• Obstetrics & Gynecology Science
  • Contraception in the COVID-19 pandemic: recommendations from the Korean society of contraception and reproductive health [2022]

Rwanda

• Reproductive Health
  • Trends and socio-demographic components of modern contraceptive use among sexually active women in Rwanda: a multivariate decomposition analysis [2022]

Senegal

• BMC Public Health
  • Modern contraceptive utilization and its associated factors among married women in Senegal: a multilevel analysis [2021]

Sierra Leone

• PLoS ONE
  • Complex samples logistic regression analysis of predictors of the current use of modern contraceptive among married or in-union women in Sierra Leone: Insight from the 2013 demographic and health survey [2020]

Sub-Saharan Africa

• BMC Public Health
  • Intention to use contraceptives and its correlates among reproductive age women in selected high fertility sub-saharan Africa countries: a multilevel mixed effects analysis [2023]
  • Prevalence and factors associated with the use of long-acting reversible and permanent contraceptive methods among women who desire no more children in high fertility countries in sub-saharan Africa [2022]

• BMJ Global Health
  • How the internet increases modern contraception uptake: evidence from eight sub-Saharan African countries [2020]

• BMJ Open
  • Trends in fertility intentions and contraceptive practices in the context of COVID-19 in sub-Saharan Africa: insights from four national and regional population-based cohorts [2023]

• Global Health: Science and Practice
  • Use of the World Health Organization’s Medical Eligibility Criteria for Contraceptive Use Guidance in sub-Saharan African Countries: A Cross-Sectional Study [2016]

• International Health
  • Prevalence and predictors of long-acting reversible contraceptive use among sexually active women in 26 sub-Saharan African countries [2022]

• Journal of Global Health
  • Association of collective attitudes and contraceptive practice in nine sub-Saharan African countries [2020]

• Lancet Global Health
  • Trends in contraceptive prevalence rates in sub-Saharan Africa since the 2012 London Summit on Family Planning: results from repeated cross-sectional surveys [2019]

• Reproductive Health
  • Towards achieving the family planning targets in the African region: a rapid review of task sharing policies [2021]
  • Women empowerment as an enabling factor of contraceptive use in sub-Saharan Africa: a multilevel analysis of cross-sectional surveys of 32 countries [2018]

Tanzania

• PLoS ONE
  • Trends and predictors of changes in modern contraceptive use among women aged 15–49 years in Tanzania from 2004–2016: Evidence from Tanzania Demographic and Health Surveys [2020]

Uganda

• BMC Public Health
  • Multilevel mixed effects analysis of individual and community level factors associated with modern contraceptive use among married women in Uganda [2021]

United Kingdom

• BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology
  • Use of prescription contraceptive methods in the UK general population: a primary care study [2014]

• Faculty of Sexual & Reproductive Healthcare
  • UK Medical Eligibility Criteria for Contraceptive Use (UKMEC) [2019]
  • Overweight, Obesity and Contraception [2019]
  • FSRH CEU Statement: Contraception and Weight Gain [2019]
  • Quick Starting Contraception [2017]
  • Contraception for Women Aged over 40 Years [2017]
  • Contraceptive Choices for Women with Cardiac Disease [2014]
  • COVID-19 Resources and Information for SRH Professionals

• National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
  • Long-acting reversible contraception [2019]
  • Contraception [2016]
  • Contraception

• Public Health Scotland
  • Long Acting Reversible Methods of Contraception (LARC) in Scotland

United States

• American College of Cardiology
  • Contraception and Reproductive Planning for Women With Cardiovascular Disease: JACC Focus Seminar 5/5 [2021]

• American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
  • Increasing Access to Intrauterine Devices and Contraceptive Implants [2023]
  • Patient-Centered Contraceptive Counseling [2022]
  • Opposition to Coercive Contraception Practices and Policies [2019]
  • Clinical Challenges of Long-Acting Reversible Contraceptive Methods [2016]
  • Access to Contraception [2015]

• American Society for Reproductive Medicine
  • Contraception

• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
  • Current Contraceptive Status Among Women Aged 15–49: United States, 2017–2019 [2020]
  • Contraceptive Use Among Women at Risk for Unintended Pregnancy in the Context of Public Health Emergencies — United States, 2016 [2018]
  • U.S. Selected Practice Recommendations for Contraceptive Use, 2016 [2016]
  • U.S. Medical Eligibility Criteria for Contraceptive Use, 2016 [2016]
  • Current Contraceptive Use and Variation by Selected Characteristics Among Women Aged 15-44: United States, 2011-2013 [2015]
  • U.S. Selected Practice Recommendations for Contraceptive Use, 2013: Adapted from the World Health Organization Selected Practice Recommendations for Contraceptive Use, 2nd Edition [2013]
  • Contraceptive Methods Available to Patients of Office-Based Physicians and Title X Clinics --- United States, 2009--2010 [2011]
  • Contraceptive Use
  • Contraception

• Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine
  • Changing US trends in contraceptive choices [2021]

• Guttmacher Institute
  • United States Contraception

• Journal of Hypertension
  • Hypertension and contraceptive use among women of child-bearing age in the United States from 2001 to 2018 [2022]

• Medical Surveillance Monthly Report
  • Long-Acting Reversible Contraceptive Use, Active Component Service Women, U.S. Armed Forces, 2016–2020 [2021]

• Preventive Medicine
  • Counseling and provision of long-acting reversible contraception in the US: National survey of nurse practitioners [2013]

• Society of Family Planning
  • Cancer and contraception [2012]
  • Contraceptive considerations in obese women [2009]

Vietnam

• Global Health Action
  • Use of modern contraceptives among married women in Vietnam: a multilevel analysis using the Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (2011) and the Vietnam Population and Housing Census (2009) [2016]

WHO

• World Health Organization
  • Family planning and comprehensive abortion care toolkit for the primary health care workforce: volume 2 [2022]
  • Family planning and comprehensive abortion care toolkit for the primary health care workforce: volume 1 [2022]
  • Family Planning: A Global Handbook for Providers (2022 update) [2022]
  • Digital Adaptation Kit for Family Planning: Operational requirements for implementing WHO recommendations in digital systems [2021]
  • Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): Contraception and family planning [2020]
  • Contraception: Evidence brief [2019]
  • Implementation Guide for the Medical Eligibility Criteria and Selected Practice Recommendations for Contraceptive Use Guidelines [2018]
  • Family planning: A Global Handbook for Providers: 2018 revision [2018]
  • Expanding contraceptive choice [2017]
  • WHO medical eligibility criteria update [2016]
  • Selected practice recommendations for contraceptive use - Third edition 2016 [2016]
  • Moving towards the goals of FP2020 — classifying contraceptives [2016]
  • Medical eligibility criteria wheel for contraceptive use [2015]
  • Medical eligibility criteria for contraceptive use [2015]
  • Family planning versus contraception: what's in a name? [2014]
  • The effects of contraception on obstetric outcomes [2004]
  • Health inequality monitor: Reproductive health interventions
  • Family planning/contraception methods: Fact sheet
  • Family Planning/Contraception
  • Contraception

Yemen

• BMJ Open
  • Prevalence and factors associated with the utilisation of modern contraceptive methods among married women of childbearing age in Yemen: a secondary analysis of national survey data [2023]

Zambia

• BMC Women's Health
  • A cross-sectional study of women's autonomy and modern contraception use in Zambia [2022]

{Related topics}

• Guidelines
  • Sterilization
  • Postpartum and postabortion contraception
  • Oral contraceptives
  • Natural family planning
  • Male contraception, men and family planning
  • Intrauterine device (IUD)
  • Injectable contraceptives
  • Induced abortion
  • Hormonal contraception
  • Family planning services
  • Emergency contraception
  • Contraceptive implants
  • Barrier contraceptive methods
  • Adolescent pregnancy
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