Infections in pregnancy : Guidelines, reviews, epidemiology

Obstetrics, gynecology, andrology, sexual and reproductive health

Maternal and neonatal infections

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Infections in pregnancy

Africa - Americas - Australasia - Australia, New Zealand - Botswana - Brazil - Cameroon - Canada - China - Colombia - Denmark - Ecuador - El Salvador - Ethiopia - Europe - France - Germany - Ghana - Haiti - High-income countries - International - Ireland - Liberia - Low and middle income countries - Mozambique - Namibia - New Zealand - Philippines - Spain - Sri Lanka - Sub-Saharan Africa - Switzerland - Tanzania - Uganda - United Kingdom - United States - WHO - {Related topics}

Parasites and Vectors
- Prevalence of schistosomiasis and its association with anemia among pregnant women: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2021]

WHO African Region
- Listeriosis

Pan American Health Organization
- The Response to HTLV in the Framework of Maternal and Child Health. Meeting Report, 18 August 2022 (virtual) [2022]
- EMTCT Plus. Framework for elimination of mother-to-child transmission of HIV, Syphilis, Hepatitis B, and Chagas [2017]

Australasian Society for Infectious Diseases
- Management of Perinatal Infections [2022]

Australia, New Zealand

Society of Obstetric Medicine of Australia and New Zealand
- SOMANZ guidelines for the investigation and management sepsis in pregnancy [2017]

Open Forum Infectious Diseases
- The Impact of Syndromic Management of Vaginal Discharge Syndrome on Adverse Birth Outcomes in Botswana [2021]

BMJ Open
- Dengue during pregnancy and live birth outcomes: a cohort of linked data from Brazil [2019]

Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia
- Expert Recommendations on Monkeypox (MPX) in Pregnancy, Postpartum and Lactating Women [2022]

Tropical Medicine & International Health
- Systematic review: Prevalence of Chagas disease in pregnant women and congenital transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi in Brazil: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2014]

BioMed Research International
- Utilization of Deworming Drugs and Its Individual and Community Level Predictors among Pregnant Married Women in Cameroon: A Multilevel Modeling [2021]

Canadian Journal of Anesthesia/Journal canadien d'anesthésie
- Incidence, morbidity, and associated factors for sepsis in women hospitalized for delivery: a nationwide retrospective observational population-based study in Canada [2022]

Government of Alberta
- Alberta public health disease management guidelines : Listeriosis
- Alberta prenatal screening program for select communicable diseases

Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada
- Management of Tick Bites and Lyme Disease During Pregnancy [2020]
- Management of Varicella Infection (Chickenpox) in Pregnancy [2018]
- Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Obstetric Procedures [2017]
- SOGC Committee Opinion on the Management of a Pregnant Woman Exposed to or Infected With Ebola Virus Disease in Canada [2015]
- Parvovirus B19 Infection in Pregnancy [2014]

Tropical Medicine & International Health
- Systematic review of human listeriosis in China, 1964–2010 [2013]

Infectio
- First Colombian consensus on congenital Chagas and clinical approach for women of child-bearing age diagnosed with Chagas [2017]

Nordic Federation of Societies of Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Intrapartum fever [2019]
- Varicella zoster virus and pregnancy [2018]
- Fever during labor [2018]

American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
- A National Survey to Determine Prevalence of Trypanosoma cruzi Infection among Pregnant Women in Ecuador [2015]

American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
- Mother-to-Child Transmission of Chagas Disease in El Salvador [2015]

BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
- Intestinal parasitic infections and associated factors among pregnant women in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2021]

PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
- Individual and community level predictors of utilization of deworming medications among pregnant women in Ethiopia: A multilevel analysis [2022]

PLoS ONE
- Deworming utilization among pregnant mothers with at least one antenatal care follow-up in Ethiopia, 2022:- A multilevel analysis [2023]

European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control
- Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of antenatal screening for HIV, hepatitis B, syphilis and rubella susceptibility [2017]
- Antenatal screening for HIV, hepatitis B, syphilis and rubella susceptibility in the EU/EEA – addressing the vulnerable populations [2017]
- Antenatal screening approaches effective in preventing MTCT of HIV, HBV, syphilis and rubella in vulnerable populations [2017]
- Antenatal screening for HIV, hepatitis B, syphilis and rubella susceptibility in the EU/EEA [2016]
- Listeriosis

EuroSurveillance
- Screening for Coxiella burnetii infection during pregnancy: pros and cons according to the Wilson and Jungner criteria [2012]
- Prevention of congenital and perinatal infections [2009]

Tropical Medicine & International Health
- Control and management of congenital Chagas disease in Europe and other non-endemic countries: current policies and practices [2016]

EuroSurveillance
- Pregnancy-related listeriosis in France, 1984 to 2011, with a focus on 606 cases from 1999 to 2011 [2014]

Emerging Infectious Diseases
- Ongoing High Incidence and Case-Fatality Rates for Invasive Listeriosis, Germany, 2010–2019 [2021]

BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
- Incidence and determinants of maternal sepsis in Ghana in the midst of a pandemic [2022]

PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
- Cholera in Pregnancy: Outcomes from a Specialized Cholera Treatment Unit for Pregnant Women in Léogâne, Haiti [2013]

High-income countries

Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica
- Outcomes and management of pregnancy and puerperal group A streptococcal infections: A systematic review [2023]

American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology
- Monkeypox in pregnancy: virology, clinical presentation, and obstetric management [2022]

BMC Infectious Diseases
- The global burden and trends of maternal sepsis and other maternal infections in 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019 [2021]

BMJ Open
- Early evaluation of the ‘STOP SEPSIS!’ WHO Global Maternal Sepsis Awareness Campaign implemented for healthcare providers in 46 low, middle and high-income countries [2020]

Frontiers in Public Health
- The perinatal health challenges of emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases: A narrative review [2023]

Geneva Foundation for Medical Education and Research
- Maternal Infections e-Learning Course [2015]

Infection and Drug Resistance
- Different Clinical Manifestations of Human Brucellosis in Pregnant Women: A Systematic Scoping Review of 521 Cases from 10 Countries [2020]

International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
- ISUOG Practice Guidelines: role of ultrasound in congenital infection [2020]

Lancet Global Health
- Availability of facility resources and services and infection-related maternal outcomes in the WHO Global Maternal Sepsis Study: a cross-sectional study [2021]
- Frequency and management of maternal infection in health facilities in 52 countries (GLOSS): a 1-week inception cohort study [2020]

Médecins Sans Frontières
- Ebola viral disease and pregnancy [2015]
- Cholera in Pregnancy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Fetal, Neonatal, and Maternal Mortality [2015]

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews
- Maternal respiratory viral infections during pregnancy and offspring's neurodevelopmental outcomes: A systematic review [2023]

PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
- Estimation of the morbidity and mortality of congenital Chagas disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2022]

PLoS ONE
- Factors affecting the use of antibiotics and antiseptics to prevent maternal infection at birth: A global mixed-methods systematic review [2022]

Reproductive Health
- Towards a consensus definition of maternal sepsis: results of a systematic review and expert consultation [2017]

Vaccine
- Chorioamnionitis: Case definition & guidelines for data collection, analysis, and presentation of immunization safety data [2019]

Health Protection Surveillance Centre
- Pregnancy

Ireland's Health Services
- Antimicrobial safety In Pregnancy and Lactation [2017]
- Antimicrobial Prescribing Guidelines [2017]

Lancet Global Health
- Pregnancy, pregnancy outcomes, and infant growth and development after recovery from Ebola virus disease in Liberia: an observational cohort study [2023]

Low and middle income countries

BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
- International virtual confidential reviews of infection-related maternal deaths and near-miss in 11 low- and middle-income countries - case report series and suggested actions [2022]

Global Women's Health
- Recognition and Management of Maternal Sepsis in Low and Middle-Income Countries: What do we know and where are the Gaps? [2018]

BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
- The triple threat of pregnancy, HIV infection and malaria: reported causes of maternal mortality in two nationwide health facility assessments in Mozambique, 2007 and 2012 [2015]

International Journal of Infectious Diseases
- Measles immunity among pregnant women aged 15–44 years in Namibia, 2008 and 2010 [2016]

BMC Public Health
- The epidemiology of listeriosis in pregnant women and children in New Zealand from 1997 to 2016: an observational study [2020]

PLoS ONE
- Fear of Birth Defects Is a Major Barrier to Soil-Transmitted Helminth Treatment (STH) for Pregnant Women in the Philippines [2014]

EuroSurveillance
- Listeriosis in Spain based on hospitalisation records, 1997 to 2015: need for greater awareness [2019]

Ceylon Medical Journal
- Clinical management of dengue infection in pregnancy [2020]

Sri Lanka College of Obstetricians & Gynaecologists
- Intrapartum fever [2021]

Sub-Saharan Africa

American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology MFM
- Monkeypox infection in pregnancy: a systematic review and metaanalysis [2022]

BMC Medicine
- Achieving development goals for HIV, tuberculosis and malaria in sub-Saharan Africa through integrated antenatal care: barriers and challenges [2016]

BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
- Composition of the vaginal microbiota during pregnancy in women living in sub-Saharan Africa: a PRISMA-compliant review [2021]

Infectious Diseases of Poverty
- Development, coinfection, and the syndemics of pregnancy in Sub-Saharan Africa [2013]

PLoS ONE
- A Multi-Country Cross-Sectional Study of Vaginal Carriage of Group B Streptococci (GBS) and Escherichia coli in Resource-Poor Settings: Prevalences and Risk Factors [2016]

Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
- Ebola virus disease in pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2022]

Tropical Medicine and Health
- Utilization of deworming medication and its associated factors among pregnant married women in 26 sub-Saharan African countries: a multi-country analysis [2021]

Swiss Medical Weekly
- Heterogeneity in testing practices for infections during pregnancy: national survey across Switzerland [2016]

BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
- Factors associated with the use of deworming drugs during pregnancy in Tanzania; an analysis from the 2015–16 Tanzanian HIV and malaria indicators survey [2022]

Drug, Healthcare and Patient Safety
- Implementation of co-trimoxazole preventive therapy policy for malaria in HIV-infected pregnant women in the public health facilities in Tanzania [2016]

Parasitology
- Treatment with anthelminthics during pregnancy: what gains and what risks for the mother and child? [2011]

BMJ
- Associations between macrolide antibiotics prescribing during pregnancy and adverse child outcomes in the UK: population based cohort study [2020]

BMJ Open
- Maternal morbidity and mortality from severe sepsis: a national cohort study [2016]

Healthcare Improvement Scotland
- Pregnancy and Newborn Screening: Infectious Diseases in Pregnancy Standards [2019]

HSC Public Health Agency
- Northern Ireland Infectious diseases in pregnancy screening programme report 2018-2022 [2023]

National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
- Management of symptomatic vaginal discharge in pregnancy [2021]

NHS England
- Infectious diseases in pregnancy screening: standards
- Infectious diseases in pregnancy screening: data and outcomes
- Infectious diseases in pregnancy screening: clinical guidance
- Infectious diseases in pregnancy screening programme: laboratory handbook

Office for Health Improvement and Disparities
- Infectious diseases in pregnancy screening pathway requirements specification

Public Health England
- UK SMI V 30: investigation of exposure to rash in pregnancy
- Investigation of pregnant women exposed to rash illness
- Infectious diseases in pregnancy screening: care pathway
- Infectious diseases in pregnancy screening programme handbook
- Infectious diseases in pregnancy screening (IDPS): programme overview
- Ebola in pregnancy: information for healthcare workers
- Analysing antenatal infections national data: methods

Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
- Chickenpox in Pregnancy [2015]
- Sepsis in Pregnancy, Bacterial [2012]

UK Health Security Agency
- Viral rash in pregnancy
- Rash in pregnancy
- Mumps: risk in pregnancy, infection in healthcare settings and MMR vaccine

UK National Screening Committee
- Varicella susceptibility
- Parvovirus

American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
- Intrapartum Management of Intraamniotic Infection [2017]
- Management of Pregnant Women With Presumptive Exposure to Listeria monocytogenes [2014]

American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology
- Management of Clinical Chorioamnionitis: An Evidence-Based Approach [2020]
- Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of infections during pregnancy: implementation of recommended interventions, United States, 2003–2004 [2012]

BMJ
- Association between use of macrolides in pregnancy and risk of major birth defects: nationwide, register based cohort study [2021]

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
- CDC Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Anthrax, 2023 [2023]
- Special Considerations for Prophylaxis for and Treatment of Anthrax in Pregnant and Postpartum Women [2014]
- Pregnant Travelers
- Pregnancy and HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STD, & TB Prevention

Current HIV/AIDS Reports
- Evidence for Implementation: Management of TB in HIV and Pregnancy [2022]

Drugs in Context
- Less common bacterial, fungal and viral infections: review of management in the pregnant patient [2021]

Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology
- A First Look at Chorioamnionitis Management Practice Variation among US Obstetricians [2012]

JAMA
- Incidence of Maternal Sepsis and Sepsis-Related Maternal Deaths in the United States [2019]

Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine
- Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine Consult Series #67: Maternal sepsis [2023]
- SMFM Consult Series #47: Sepsis during pregnancy and the puerperium [2019]

World Health Organization
- Listeria monocytogenes in ready-to-eat (RTE) food: attribution, characterization and monitoring: meeting report [2022]
- Guidelines for the management of pregnant and breastfeeding women in the context of Ebola virus disease [2020]
- Global report on the epidemiology and burden of sepsis: current evidence, identifying gaps and future directions [2020]
- Reaching girls and women of reproductive age with deworming: report of the Advisory Group on deworming in girls and women of reproductive age, Rockefeller Foundation Bellagio Center, Bellagio, Italy 28–30 June 2017 [2018]
- Statement on maternal sepsis [2017]
- WHO recommendations for prevention and treatment of maternal peripartum infections [2015]
- Capacity building workshop for the Global Fund proposal writing to include MNH service delivery area for health systems strengthening [2009]
- Maternal sepsis
- Global Maternal and Neonatal Sepsis Initiative

{Related topics}

Topic
- Zika virus infection in pregnancy and newborn
- Vaccines in pregnancy
- Urinary tract infections in pregnancy
- Tuberculosis in pregnancy
- Trichomoniasis in pregnancy
- Toxoplasmosis
- Tetanus in pregnancy and newborn
- Sexually transmitted infections in pregnancy
- Rubella
- Postpartum infections
- Obstetrics, perinatology
- Neonatal infections
- Malaria in pregnancy
- Influenza in pregnancy
- Influenza A (H1N1) in pregnancy
- Infections in pregnancy
- Herpes infections in pregnancy and newborn
- Hepatitis in pregnancy and newborn
- Hepatitis
- HIV/AIDS in pregnancy and newborn
- HIV/AIDS
- Group B streptococcal infections
- Gonorrhea in pregnancy and newborn
- Genital infections, sexually transmitted diseases
- Cytomegalovirus
- Coronavirus (COVID-19) infection: pregnancy, newborn, breastfeeding
- Congenital syphilis, syphilis in pregnancy
- Chlamydia infection in pregnancy
- Candidiasis in pregnancy and newborn
- Bacterial vaginosis in pregnancy