Obstetrics, gynecology and reproductive medicine guidelines

Adolescence

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Adolescent pregnancy

 

Asia, Pacific

• World Health Organization
  • Child, early and forced marriage legislation in 37 Asia-Pacific countries [2016]

Australia

• Australian Family Physician
  • Teenage mothers [2016]

• Australian Institute of Health and Welfare
  • Teenage mothers in Australia 2015 [2018]

• Australian Journal of General Practice
  • Teenage pregnancy [2020]

Bangladesh

• PLoS ONE
  • Adolescent motherhood in Bangladesh: Trends and determinants [2017]

• Tropical Medicine & International Health
  • Utilization of maternal health services among adolescent women in Bangladesh: A scoping review of the literature [2015]

• World Bank
  • Child Marriage and Fertility in Bangladesh [2017]

Brazil

• BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
  • Fertility rates among very young adolescent women: temporal and spatial trends in Brazil [2016]

• Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira
  • Trends of teenage pregnancy in Brazil, 2000-2011 [2016]

• Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem
  • Prenatal Care for Adolescents and attributes of Primary Health Care [2014]

Canada

• Canadian Paediatric Society
  • Meeting the needs of adolescent parents and their children [2016]

• Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada
  • Adolescent Pregnancy Guidelines [2015]

China

• Lancet Global Health
  • Chinese trends in adolescent marriage and fertility between 1990 and 2015: a systematic synthesis of national and subnational population data [2020]

Developed countries

• BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
  • Nutrient intakes and nutritional biomarkers in pregnant adolescents: a systematic review of studies in developed countries [2016]

Developing countries

• World Health Organization
  • Preventing early pregnancy and poor reproductive outcomes among adolescents in developing countries [2011]

East Asia, Pacific

• Reproductive Health
  • Adolescent fertility and family planning in East Asia and the Pacific: A review of DHS reports [2011]

Eastern Africa

• BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
  • Prevalence and associated factors of adolescent pregnancy (15–19 years) in East Africa: a multilevel analysis [2021]

• Reproductive Health
  • Mapping adolescent first births within three east African countries using data from Demographic and Health Surveys: exploring geospatial methods to inform policy [2016]

Ethiopia

• PLoS ONE
  • Prevalence and associated factors of adolescent fatherhood in Ethiopia: A multilevel analysis using the 2016 Ethiopian demographic health survey data [2021]

Europe

• WHO Regional Office for Europe
  • Evidence for gender responsive actions to prevent and manage adolescent pregnancy [2011]

India

• Reproductive Health
  • Motherhood in childhood: addressing reproductive health hazards among adolescent married women in India [2016]

International

• BMJ Global Health
  • Using three indicators to understand the parity-specific contribution of adolescent childbearing to all births [2018]

• Global Health: Science and Practice
  • Interventions for Preventing Unintended, Rapid Repeat Pregnancy Among Adolescents: A Review of the Evidence and Lessons From High-Quality Evaluations [2017]

• Reproductive Health
  • Research priorities on ending child marriage and supporting married girls [2015]

• United Nations Children's Fund - UNICEF
  • Early Childbearing

• United Nations Population Fund
  • Girlhood, Not Motherhood [2015]
  • Adolescent Pregnancy. A Review of the Evidence [2013]
  • Country Profiles

Israel

• Israel Medical Association Journal
  • Pregnancy Prevention and Termination of Pregnancy in Adolescence: Facts, Ethics, Law and Politics [2015]

Latin America and the Caribbean

• Pan American Health Organization
  • Adolescent Pregnancy in Latin America and the Caribbean. Technical brief, August 2020 [2020]
  • Accelerating progress toward the reduction of adolescent pregnancy in Latin America and the Caribbean [2017]

• Reproductive Health
  • Trends in adolescent first births in five countries in Latin America and the Caribbean: disaggregated data from demographic and health surveys [2018]
  • Looking back and moving forward: can we accelerate progress on adolescent pregnancy in the Americas? [2017]

Low and middle-income countries

• BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
  • The causes of maternal mortality in adolescents in low and middle income countries: a systematic review of the literature [2016]

• Health Policy and Planning
  • Early adolescent childbearing in low- and middle-income countries: associations with income inequity, human development and gender equality [2016]

• Journal of Adolescent Health
  • Interventions to Prevent Unintended and Repeat Pregnancy Among Young People in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review of the Published and Gray Literature [2016]
  • Interventions to Prevent Child Marriage Among Young People in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review of the Published and Gray Literature [2016]

Malaysia

• Medical Journal of Malaysia
  • A review of teenage pregnancy research in Malaysia [2015]

Nepal

• BMJ Global Health
  • Using geospatial modelling to estimate the prevalence of adolescent first births in Nepal [2019]

Philippines

• Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition
  • Adolescent Pregnancy and the First 1000 Days (the Philippine Situation) [2015]

• Department of Health Philippines
  • Behavior Change Communication Strategies for Preventing Adolescent Pregnancy [2012]

South Africa

• Reproductive Health
  • Teenage pregnancy rates and associations with other health risk behaviours: a three-wave cross-sectional study among South African school-going adolescents [2016]

Sub-Saharan Africa

• BMC Research Notes
  • A systematic review of risk factors for neonatal mortality in Adolescent Mothers in Sub Saharan Africa [2014]

• BMJ Open
  • Young adolescent girls are at high risk for adverse pregnancy outcomes in sub-Saharan Africa: an observational multicountry study [2016]

• Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences
  • Trends, Determinants and Health Risks of Adolescent Fatherhood in Sub-Saharan Africa [2018]

• International Journal for Equity in Health
  • Trends in adolescent first births in sub-Saharan Africa: a tale of increasing inequity? [2020]

• Reproductive Health
  • Determinants of adolescent pregnancy in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review [2018]

Taiwan

• BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
  • Comparison of medical issues in antenatal and perinatal periods in early youth, adolescent, and young adult mothers in Taiwan: a 10-year nationwide study [2014]

• Italian Journal of Pediatrics
  • The growth and development of children born to adolescent mothers in Taiwan [2016]

Thailand

• AIMS Public Health
  • Years of healthy life lost due to adverse pregnancy and childbirth outcomes among adolescent mothers in Thailand [2018]

• BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
  • Estimation of the adolescent pregnancy rate in Thailand 2008–2013: an application of capture-recapture method [2020]

Uganda

• PLoS ONE
  • Time trends in and factors associated with repeat adolescent birth in Uganda: Analysis of six demographic and health surveys [2020]

• Reproductive Health
  • Trends and determinants of adolescent childbirth in Uganda- analysis of rural and urban women using six demographic and health surveys, 1988–2016 [2020]

• World Bank
  • Child Marriage, Early Childbearing, Low Educational Attainment for Girls, and Their Impacts in Uganda [2017]

United Kingdom

• GG&C Paediatric Guidelines
  • Pregnancy testing guidelines for girls aged 12 yrs & over (RHC) [2018]

• Health Technology Assessment
  • Intervention Now to Eliminate Repeat Unintended Pregnancy in Teenagers (INTERUPT): a systematic review of intervention effectiveness and cost-effectiveness, and qualitative and realist synthesis of implementation factors and user engagement [2016]

• ISD Scotland
  • Teenage Pregnancy

• Journal of Adolescent Health
  • Implementing the United Kingdom Government's 10-Year Teenage Pregnancy Strategy for England (1999–2010): Applicable Lessons for Other Countries [2016]

• Lancet
  • Changes in conceptions in women younger than 18 years and the circumstances of young mothers in England in 2000–12: an observational study [2016]

• NHS Health Scotland
  • Outcomes Framework for the Pregnancy and Parenthood in Young People strategy in Scotland [2016]

• Public Health England
  • Teenage pregnancy

• Reproductive Health
  • Implementing the United Kingdom’s ten-year teenage pregnancy strategy for England (1999-2010): How was this done and what did it achieve? [2016]

• Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health
  • Pre-procedure pregnancy checking for under-16s: clinical guideline [2012]

• Scottish Government
  • Pregnancy and parenthood in young people: strategy update [2017]

United States of America

• American Academy of Pediatrics
  • Care of Adolescent Parents and Their Children [2021]
  • Options Counseling for the Pregnant Adolescent Patient [2017]
  • Diagnosis of Pregnancy and Providing Options Counseling for the Adolescent Patient [2017]
  • Addendum - Adolescent Pregnancy: Current Trends and Issues [2014]
  • Adolescent Pregnancy: Current Trends and Issues [2005]

• American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
  • Adolescent Pregnancy, Contraception, and Sexual Activity [2017]

• American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology
  • Adolescent Pregnancy and Gestational Weight Gain: Do the Institute of Medicine Recommendations Apply? [2011]

• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
  • Trends in Repeat Births and Use of Postpartum Contraception Among Teens — United States, 2004–2015 [2017]
  • Maternity Care Practices and Breastfeeding Among Adolescent Mothers Aged 12–19 Years — United States, 2009–2011 [2016]
  • Vital Signs: Births to Teens Aged 15–17 Years — United States, 1991–2012 [2014]
  • National and state patterns of teen births in the United States, 1940-2013 [2014]
  • Prepregnancy Contraceptive Use Among Teens with Unintended Pregnancies Resulting in Live Births — Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS), 2004–2008 [2012]
  • Vital Signs: Teen Pregnancy --- United States, 1991--2009 [2011]
  • Teen Pregnancy
  • Teen Births

• Current Problems in Pediatric and Adolescent Health Care
  • Tailoring Clinical Services to Address the Unique Needs of Adolescents from the Pregnancy Test to Parenthood [2013]

• Global Advances in Health and Medicine
  • Reproductive Health Disparities: A Focus on Family Planning and Prevention Among Minority Women and Adolescents [2013]

• Guttmacher Institute
  • United States Teen Pregnancy

• Journal of Adolescent Health
  • Understanding the Decline in Adolescent Fertility in the United States, 2007–2012 [2016]

• Michigan Quality Improvement Consortium
  • Prevention of Pregnancy in Adolescents 12 - 17 Years [2018]

• U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
  • Office of Adolescent Health Medical Accuracy Review Process—Helping Ensure the Medical Accuracy of Teen Pregnancy Prevention Program Materials [2014]

• U.S. Department of Health and Human Services - Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation
  • The Teen Pregnancy Prevention Program (2010-2015): Synthesis of Impact Findings [2016]
  • Teen Pregnancy Prevention Program (TPP)

WHO

• World Health Organization
  • Adolescent pregnancy: Evidence brief [2019]
  • Reducing early and unintended pregnancies among adolescents [2017]
  • Pregnancy and childbirth outcomes among adolescent mothers: a World Health Organization multicountry study [2014]
  • Report of the expert group meeting on mainstreaming adolescent pregnancy in the work of the World Health Organization [2009]
  • Adolescent pregnancy: Unmet needs and undone deeds [2007]
  • Adolescent Pregnancy: Issues in adolescent health and development [2004]
  • Adolescent pregnancy: Fact sheet
  • Adolescent birth rate data

{Related topics}

• Guidelines
  • Family planning
  • Adolescent sexual health
  • Adolescent reproductive health, adolescent gynecology
  • Adolescent health
  • Adolescent contraception