Hepatitis

PubMed Free Full Text

Hepatitis: epidemiology

Africa

• Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine
  • Hepatitis B and C virus infection among healthcare workers in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2021]

• Journal of Infection and Public Health
  • Epidemiology of occult hepatitis B and C in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2022]

• PLoS ONE
  • The prevalence and associated factors of hepatitis B and C virus in hemodialysis patients in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2021]

• WHO African Region
  • Viral Hepatitis Scorecard 2021: African Region [2022]

Americas

• Pan American Health Organization
  • Protocol to estimate mortality from cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma attributable to viral hepatitis B and C [2021]

Asia

• Pathogens
  • The Dual Burden of Hepatitis B and C Among Drug Users in Asia: The First Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2025]

• Viruses
  • Burden and Trends of Acute Viral Hepatitis in Asia from 1990 to 2019 [2022]

Australia

• Australasian Society for HIV, Viral Hepatitis and Sexual Health Medicine
  • Viral Hepatitis Mapping Project: National Reports

• Public Health Research and Practice
  • Jurisdictional movement among people with hepatitis B and C in Australia: implications for national data [2026]

Brazil

• Cadernos de Saúde Pública
  • Methodology of a nationwide cross-sectional survey of prevalence and epidemiological patterns of hepatitis A, B and C infection in Brazil [2010]

• Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia
  • Hepatitis mortality in Brazil and regions, 2001-2020: temporal trend and spatial analysis [2023]

• Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical
  • Incidence of viral hepatitis in Brazil from 2009 to 2018: an epidemiological study of confirmed cases of viral hepatitis [2020]

Canada

• Public Health Agency of Canada
  • Report on Hepatitis B and C Surveillance in Canada: 2019 [2022]

China

• Biomedical and Environmental Sciences
  • Burden of Cirrhosis and Other Chronic Liver Diseases Caused by Specific Etiologies in China, 1990-2016: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016 [2020]

• BMC Public Health
  • Viral hepatitis in China during 2002-2021: epidemiology and influence factors through a country-level modeling study [2024]
  • Burden of viral hepatitis caused by specific aetiologies in China, 1990–2016: findings from the GBD 2016 [2020]

• BMJ Open
  • Changing incidence of reported viral hepatitis in China from 2004 to 2016: an observational study [2019]

• China CDC Weekly
  • Burden of Acute Viral Hepatitis — China, 1990-2019 [2020]

• Chinese Medical Journal
  • National trends in acute viral hepatitis in China from 1990-2023: An analysis of the Global Burden of Disease 2023 update [2026]

• Emerging Infectious Diseases
  • Changing Epidemiology of Hepatitis A and Hepatitis E Viruses in China, 1990–2014 [2017]

• Frontiers in Medicine
  • Secular Trends of Acute Viral Hepatitis Incidence and Mortality in China, 1990 to 2019 and Its Prediction to 2030: The Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 [2022]

• Frontiers in Public Health
  • Impact of greenhouse gases and air pollutants on the incidence and mortality of HBV and HCV in China [2026]

• International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
  • Spatio-Temporal Epidemiology of Viral Hepatitis in China (2003–2015): Implications for Prevention and Control Policies [2018]

• International Journal of Infectious Diseases
  • Trends in the disease burden of HBV and HCV infection in China from 1990-2019 [2022]

• Journal of Infection
  • Relative contribution of hepatitis B and C viruses in primary liver cancer in China: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2024]

• PLoS ONE
  • Deep learning time series prediction models in surveillance data of hepatitis incidence in China [2022]

Czech Republic

• BMC Public Health
  • Epidemiology of hepatitis B and C among risk groups in Czechia [2025]

Egypt

• BMC Infectious Diseases
  • Evidence of sustained reductions in the relative risk of acute hepatitis B and C virus infections, and the increasing burden of hepatitis a virus infection in Egypt: comparison of sentinel acute viral hepatitis surveillance results, 2001–17 [2019]

Ethiopia

• BMC Infectious Diseases
  • Hepatitis viruses in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2016]

• PLoS ONE
  • Seroprevalence of viral hepatitis B and C infections among healthcare workers in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2024]
  • Prevalence and factors associated with hepatitis B and C virus infections among female Sex workers in Ethiopia: Results of the national biobehavioral Survey, 2020 [2022]

Europe

• BMC Infectious Diseases
  • Hepatitis B/C in the countries of the EU/EEA: a systematic review of the prevalence among at-risk groups [2018]
  • Infection with hepatitis B and C virus in Europe: a systematic review of prevalence and cost-effectiveness of screening [2013]

• European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control
  • Monitoring of the responses to the hepatitis B and C epidemics in EU/EEA countries, 2023 [2024]
  • Monitoring of responses to the hepatitis B and C epidemics in EU/EEA countries – 2020 data [2022]
  • Monitoring the responses to hepatitis B and C epidemics in the EU/EEA Member States, 2019 [2020]
  • Hepatitis B and C epidemiology in selected population groups in the EU/EEA [2018]
  • EU/EEA capacity for the surveillance of hepatitis B and C using molecular methods [2018]
  • Systematic review on hepatitis B and C prevalence in the EU/EEA [2016]
  • Epidemiological assessment of hepatitis B and C among migrants in the EU/EEA [2016]

• European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
  • Acute severe hepatitis outbreak in children: A perfect storm. What do we know, and what questions remain? [2022]

• EuroSurveillance
  • Hepatitis of unknown aetiology in children – epidemiological overview of cases reported in Europe, 1 January to 16 June 2022 [2022]
  • Case numbers of acute hepatitis of unknown aetiology among children in 24 countries up to 18 April 2022 compared to the previous 5 years [2022]
  • Hepatitis B and C prevalence and incidence in key population groups with multiple risk factors in the EU/EEA: a systematic review [2019]
  • Hepatitis B and C surveillance and screening programmes in the non-EU/EEA Member States of the WHO European Region: survey findings from 10 countries, 2012 [2016]
  • Survey of surveillance systems and select prevention activities for hepatitis B and C, European Union/European Economic Area, 2009 [2015]
  • Surveillance and epidemiology of hepatitis B and C in Europe - a review [2008]

• Lancet Public Health
  • Hepatitis B and C in Europe: an update from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 [2023]

• Liver International
  • Mortality Attributable to Hepatitis B and C in Italy, Romania, and Spain, 2022 Estimates [2026]

France

• BMC Infectious Diseases
  • HCV and HBV prevalence based on home blood self-sampling and screening history in the general population in 2016: contribution to the new French screening strategy [2019]

• Journal of Viral Hepatitis
  • Unhealthy Behaviours and All-Cause Mortality Among People With Chronic Hepatitis B, With and Without Hepatitis Delta (ANRS CO22 HEPATHER) [2025]

Georgia

• Journal of Viral Hepatitis
  • Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Patients With Hepatitis C and Hepatitis B Co-Infection, Georgia, 2017-2023 [2025]

• Public Health
  • The burden and epidemiology of hepatitis B and hepatitis D in Georgia: findings from the national seroprevalence survey [2020]

Germany

• EuroSurveillance
  • Population-based prevalence and screening gaps of hepatitis C, B and D, Germany, 2020 to 2021 [2026]

• Frontiers in Public Health
  • Estimated number of people infected with hepatitis B and C virus in Germany in 2013: a baseline prevalence estimate using the workbook method [2025]
  • Prevalence of Hepatitis B, C, and D in Germany: Results From a Scoping Review [2020]

• PLoS ONE
  • The epidemiology of Hepatitis B, C and D in Germany: A scoping review [2020]

Haiti

• Frontiers in Public Health
  • Prevalence of hepatitis B, C, and D virus infection in Haiti: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2023]

Hong Kong

• Centre for Health Protection
  • Surveillance of Viral Hepatitis in Hong Kong - 2017 Update Report [2018]

India

• Cureus
  • Prevalence of Hepatitis B and C Among Prison Inmates in India: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2021]

• Euroasian Journal of Hepato-Gastroenterology
  • Epidemiology of Viral Hepatitis and Liver Diseases in India [2015]

• Indian Journal of Medical Research
  • Viral hepatitis co-infections with tuberculosis in India: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2026]

• Ministry of Health and Family Welfare India
  • Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C [2021]

International

• BMC Infectious Diseases
  • Sero-prevalence of hepatitis viral infections among sanitary workers across worldwide: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2023]

• European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control
  • Increase in severe acute hepatitis cases of unknown aetiology in children [2022]

• Frontiers in Public Health
  • Update on the global burden of acute viral hepatitis in 2021: addressing health inequalities [2025]
  • Geospatial patterns and socioeconomic determinants of the global acute viral hepatitis burden [2025]

• Healthcare
  • Hepatitis of Unknown Origin and Etiology (Acute Non HepA-E Hepatitis) among Children in 2021/2022: Review of the Current Findings [2022]

• Hepatology
  • World-wide relative contribution of hepatitis B and C viruses in hepatocellular carcinoma [2015]

• International Journal of Infectious Diseases
  • Total burden of hepatitis B and C attributed to injecting drug use in 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2021: Analyses based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 [2025]

• Journal of Hepatology
  • Global burden of acute viral hepatitis and its association with socioeconomic development status, 1990–2019 [2021]

• Lancet
  • The global burden of viral hepatitis from 1990 to 2013: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 [2016]

• Lancet Gastroenterology and Hepatology
  • Worldwide prevalence of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus among patients with cirrhosis at country, region, and global levels: a systematic review [2022]

• Public Health
  • Synergistic impact of high body-mass index on HBV/HCV-related liver cancer burden globally: Analysis and projections 1990-2050 [2025]

• World Journal of Clinical Cases
  • Update on global epidemiology of viral hepatitis and preventive strategies [2018]

• World Journal of Gastroenterology
  • Hepatitis B virus/hepatitis D virus epidemiology: Changes over time and possible future influence of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic [2021]

Iran

• BMC Infectious Diseases
  • Prevalence of and risk factors for HBV and HCV among incarcerated people who inject drugs in Iran: A cross sectional study [2020]

• Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health
  • The Prevalence and Risk Factors of Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, and Hepatitis D Coinfection in Iran's General Population Over the Past 25 Years: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2025]

• Pathogens
  • Prevalence of Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C Infections among Incarcerated Individuals in Iran: A Cross-Sectional National Bio-behavioral Study in 2019 [2021]

Ireland

• Health Protection Surveillance Centre
  • Hepatitis

Italy

• Healthcare
  • Chronic Viral Hepatitis in the Italian Prison Setting: Prevalence, Outcomes, Literature Needs and Perspectives [2021]

• International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
  • Differences in Incidence of Acute Viral Hepatitis between Foreigners and Autochthonous Population in Italy [2021]

• Liver International
  • Diagnosed Patients With Chronic Hepatitis B and Delta Virus in Italy in 2024: An Estimation From a National Real-World Database [2025]

• Public Health
  • Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Italian national viral hepatitis surveillance: an interrupted time series analysis, 2006-2022 [2024]

• World Journal of Gastroenterology
  • Mortality associated with hepatitis C and hepatitis B virus infection: A nationwide study on multiple causes of death data [2017]

Japan

• Emerging Infectious Diseases
  • National Surveillance of Pediatric Acute Hepatitis of Unknown Etiology, Japan, October 2021-December 2022 [2023]

• Lancet Regional Health – Western Pacific
  • Burden of chronic hepatitis B and C infections in 2015 and future trends in Japan: A simulation study [2022]

Kazakhstan

• Infection and Drug Resistance
  • Epidemiological Characteristics of Chronic Viral Hepatitis in Kazakhstan: Data from Unified Nationwide Electronic Healthcare System 2014-2019 [2022]

• PLoS ONE
  • Seroprevalence and risk factors for hepatitis B and hepatitis C in three large regions of Kazakhstan [2021]

• Scientific World Journal
  • Prevalence of Viral Hepatitis B, C, and D in Kazakhstan [2022]

Laos

• PLoS ONE
  • Seroprevalence of antibodies against hepatitis A and E among the general population in 5 provinces, Lao People's Democratic Republic: Variation according to location [2025]
  • Prevalence of hepatitis B and C virus infections in Lao People's Democratic Republic: The first national population-based cross-sectional survey [2022]

Latin America and the Caribbean

• Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira
  • Fulminant acute hepatitis in pediatrics in Latin America and the Caribbean [2019]

Libya

• BMC Infectious Diseases
  • Prevalence of hepatitis B and hepatitis C infection in Libya: results from a national population based survey [2014]

Malawi

• BMC Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology of hepatitis B, C and D in Malawi: systematic review [2018]

Malaysia

• Scientific Reports
  • Seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infection among Malaysian population [2020]

Mongolia

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
  • Hepatitis B, C, and D Virus Infections and AFP Tumor Marker Prevalence Among the Elderly Population in Mongolia: A Nationwide Survey [2022]

Montenegro

• PLoS ONE
  • Factors associated with the prevalence of viral hepatitis B and C among prisoners: Results of two consecutive national surveys in Montenegro [2025]

Nigeria

• BMC Public Health
  • Prevalence and risk factors of hepatitis B and C among prison inmates in Nigeria: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2025]

Paraguay

• Scientific Reports
  • Nationwide seroprevalence study of hepatitis B and hepatitis C viruses among blood donors in Paraguay [2026]

Peru

• PLoS ONE
  • Seroepidemiology of hepatitis A, B, C, D and E virus infections in the general population of Peru: A cross-sectional study [2020]

Qatar

• Scientific Reports
  • Prevalence of hepatitis B and C viruses among migrant workers in Qatar [2024]

Republic of Korea

• BMC Infectious Diseases
  • Disease burden of chronic hepatitis B and C patients in South Korea: a population-based 16-year cohort study [2025]

• Clinical and Molecular Hepatology
  • Core indicators related to the elimination of hepatitis B and C virus infection in South Korea: A nationwide study [2023]

• Infection & Chemotherapy
  • Epidemiological and Clinical History of Viral Hepatitis in Korea [2021]

• Korean Journal of Internal Medicine
  • Prevalence of viral hepatitis A and C in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a nationwide population-based study in South Korea [2026]

Republic of the Congo

• BMC Research Notes
  • Epidemiology of viral hepatitis in the Republic of Congo: review [2017]

Saudi Arabia

• BMC Public Health
  • Seroprevalence of hepatitis B and C virus infections among health students and health care workers in the Najran region, southwestern Saudi Arabia: The need for national guidelines for health students [2014]

• Saudi Journal of Gastroenterology
  • Epidemiology of Viral Hepatitis in Saudi Arabia: Are We Off the Hook? [2012]

Sierra Leone

• Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
  • Prevalence of viral hepatitis B and C in Sierra Leone—current knowledge and knowledge gaps: a narrative review [2021]

Somalia

• World Journal of Gastroenterology
  • Epidemiology of viral hepatitis in Somalia: Systematic review and meta-analysis study [2018]

Southern Europe

• BMC Public Health
  • Impact of the 2008 economic crisis on the burden of hepatitis B and C diseases in Southern European countries [2024]

Sub-Saharan Africa

• BMJ Open
  • Prevalence of viral hepatitis in sub-Saharan Africa among the general population: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses [2025]

Taiwan

• Journal of Infection and Public Health
  • Hepatitis B viral infection status in HCV-endemic areas [2026]

• Scientific Reports
  • Changing epidemiology and viral interplay of hepatitis B, C and D among injecting drug user-dominant prisoners in Taiwan [2021]

Togo

• PLoS ONE
  • Prevalence of hepatitis B and C among female sex workers in Togo, West Africa [2022]

Ukraine

• Applied Sciences
  • Data-Driven Forecasting of Acute and Chronic Hepatitis B in Ukraine with Recurrent Neural Networks [2025]

• EuroSurveillance
  • National representative seroprevalence of viral hepatitis B, C, and D seromarkers in Ukraine, 2021 [2025]

United Kingdom

• Journal of Viral Hepatitis
  • Sensitivity Analysis of Hepatitis B and C Mortality in England Using Data Linkage: Meeting the WHO Elimination Threshold for Mortality [2025]

• UK Health Security Agency
  • Hepatitis: increase in acute cases of unknown aetiology in children
  • Enhanced surveillance of childhood cases of hepatitis B and C in England

United States

• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
  • Deaths Associated with Pediatric Hepatitis of Unknown Etiology, United States, October 2021-June 2023 [2024]
  • Trends in Acute Hepatitis of Unspecified Etiology and Adenovirus Stool Testing Results in Children — United States, 2017–2022 [2022]
  • Viral Hepatitis Surveillance Reports
  • Viral Hepatitis / FastStats

Uzbekistan

• European Journal of Public Health
  • Hepatitis B and C landscape in Uzbekistan: epidemiological patterns revealed in a study of 1 040 000 people [2025]

Venezuela

• BMC Infectious Diseases
  • A time-series analysis of morbidity and mortality of viral hepatitis in Venezuela, 1990-2016 [2023]

Vietnam

• JGH Open
  • Prevalence of hepatitis B and C virus infections in hemodialysis patients in Vietnam: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2020]

• Lancet Regional Health – Western Pacific
  • Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B, C and D in Vietnam: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2022]

Western Europe

• International Journal of Infectious Diseases
  • Emergency department screening reveals declining HCV viraemia but stable HBV prevalence in Western Europe: A sentinel surveillance opportunity [2026]

WHO

• World Health Organization
  • Global hepatitis report 2026 [2026]
  • Global hepatitis report 2024: action for access in low- and middle-income countries [2024]
  • Global clinical data platform for severe acute hepatitis of unknown aetiology in children case report form (CRF) [2022]
  • Criteria for validation of elimination of viral hepatitis B and C: report of 7 country pilots [2022]
  • Consolidated strategic information guidelines for viral hepatitis: planning and tracking progress towards elimination [2019]
  • Global hepatitis report, 2017 [2017]
  • Hepatitis (Global Health Observatory)

WHO Western Pacific Region

• WHO Western Pacific Region
  • Regional hepatitis data

{Related topics}

• Topic
  • Hepatitis C: epidemiology
  • Hepatitis B: epidemiology
  • Hepatitis A: epidemiology
  • Hepatitis