Male osteoporosis - Osteoporosis - Osteoporosis: epidemiology - Osteoporosis: prevention, treatment - Osteoporosis: risk factors - Osteoporosis: screening, diagnosis

Male osteoporosis

• Asia
  • Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia
    • Osteoporosis in men-East and West: Can the twain meet? A perspective from Asia [2024]
• Asia-Pacific
  • Osteoporosis International
    • Asia-Pacific consensus for the management of osteoporosis in men [2025]
• Australia
  • Medical Journal of Australia
    • Bone and metabolic health in patients with non-metastatic prostate cancer who are receiving androgen deprivation therapy [2011]
• Brazil
  • Revista Brasileira de Reumatologia
    • Guidelines of the Brazilian Society of Rheumatology for the diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis in men [2017]
• Canada
  • Canadian Urological Association
    • Canadian Urological Association best practice report: Bone health in prostate cancer [2021]
  • Journal of Bone and Mineral Research
    • The burden of illness of osteoporosis in Canadian men [2012]
• Europe
  • European Academy of Andrology
    • EAA clinical guideline on management of bone health in the andrological outpatient clinic [2018]
  • European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases
    • Evidence-Based Guideline for the management of osteoporosis in men [2024]
    • Treatment of osteoporosis in men [2012]
• High-income countries
  • PharmacoEconomics
    • Cost Effectiveness Analyses of Interventions for Osteoporosis in Men: A Systematic Literature Review [2023]
• India
  • Cureus
    • Denosumab: A Useful Addition to the Armamentarium for the Management of Male Osteoporosis [2024]
• International
  • Aging Clinical and Experimental Research
    • Efficacy of osteoporosis pharmacological treatments in men: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2023]
  • Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism
    • Male osteoporosis [2022]
  • BMC Urology
    • Bone health management in endocrine-treated patients with prostate cancer: a summary of evidence [2024]
  • Clinical Epidemiology
    • The clinical epidemiology of male osteoporosis: a review of the recent literature [2015]
  • Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy
    • Choosing the appropriate treatment strategy for osteoporosis in men [2020]
  • Frontiers in Endocrinology
    • Comparative efficacy and safety of odanacatib, abaloparatide, denosumab, teriparatide, and bisphosphonates for male osteoporosis: a systematic review and network meta-analysis [2026]
    • Comparative efficacy and safety of antiresorptive and anabolic therapies for male osteoporosis: an updated Bayesian network meta-analysis [2026]
    • The efficacy and safety of denosumab, risedronate, alendronate and teriparatide to treat male osteoporosis: a systematic review and bayesian network meta-analysis [2025]
    • Efficacy and safety of abaloparatide, denosumab, teriparatide, oral bisphosphonates, and intravenous bisphosphonates in the treatment of male osteoporosis: a systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis [2025]
  • International Journal of Molecular Sciences
    • Osteoporosis in Men: A Review of an Underestimated Bone Condition [2021]
  • International Osteoporosis Foundation
    • The prevention of fragility fractures in patients with non-metastatic prostate cancer: a position statement by the International Osteoporosis Foundation [2017]
    • Osteoporosis in men [2014]
    • Towards a diagnostic and therapeutic consensus in male osteoporosis [2011]
  • Prostate Cancer and Prostatic Diseases
    • Lifestyle guidelines for managing adverse effects on bone health and body composition in men treated with androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer: an update [2017]
• Malaysia
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Lessons from the Bone Chapter of the Malaysian Aging Men Study [2016]
• Republic of Korea
  • Journal of Osteoporosis
    • A New Predictive Index for Osteoporosis in Men under 70 Years of Age: An Index to Identify Male Candidates for Osteoporosis Screening by Bone Mineral Density [2014]
  • Korean Journal of Family Medicine
    • Evaluation of the Predictive Index for Osteoporosis as a Clinical Tool to Identify the Risk of Osteoporosis in Korean Men by Using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Data [2016]
  • Medicine
    • Osteoporosis in Korean men over 40 years: Prevalence and risk factors [2025]
  • Scientific Reports
    • Androgen-deprivation therapy and the risk of newly developed fractures in patients with prostate cancer: a nationwide cohort study in Korea [2021]
  • Yonsei Medical Journal
    • Development and Validation of Osteoporosis Risk-Assessment Model for Korean Men [2015]
• Singapore
  • Singapore Medical Journal
    • Male osteoporosis: clinical approach and management in family practice [2014]
• Spain
  • Endocrinología, Diabetes y Nutrición (English ed.)
    • Consensus document on osteoporosis in males [2018]
  • World Journal of Men's Health
    • Multidisciplinary Consensus on the Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis and Fragility Fractures in Patients with Prostate Cancer Receiving Androgen-Deprivation Therapy [2022]
• Sweden
  • Bone
    • Low-level cadmium exposure is associated with decreased cortical thickness, cortical area and trabecular bone volume fraction in elderly men: The MrOS Sweden study [2021]
• Taiwan
  • PLoS ONE
    • Conventional androgen deprivation therapy is associated with an increased risk of fracture in advanced prostate cancer, a nationwide population-based study [2023]
  • Scientific Reports
    • The impact of novel hormonal agents on fracture risk in prostate cancer patients: a nationwide population-based cohort study [2024]
• United Kingdom
  • Journal of Bone Oncology
    • Guidance for the assessment and management of prostate cancer treatment-induced bone loss. A consensus position statement from an expert group [2020]
  • NHS England
    • Clinical Commissioning Policy: Teriparatide for osteoporosis [2024]
• United States
  • American College of Physicians
    • Screening for Osteoporosis in Men: A Systematic Review for an American College of Physicians Guideline [2008]
    • Screening for Osteoporosis in Men: A Clinical Practice Guideline from the American College of Physicians [2008]
  • Annals of Family Medicine
    • Comparison of the Male Osteoporosis Risk Estimation Score (MORES) With FRAX in Identifying Men at Risk for Osteoporosis [2016]
  • Clinical Interventions in Aging
    • Osteoporosis in men: epidemiology and treatment with denosumab [2014]
  • Endocrine Practice
    • Understanding Osteoporosis Screening Practices in Men: A Nationwide Physician Survey [2020]
    • Practice Patterns in the Treatment of Male Osteoporosis [2019]
  • Endocrine Society
    • Osteoporosis in Men: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline [2012]
  • Endotext
    • Osteoporosis in Men
  • Journal of Osteoporosis
    • Denosumab for Elderly Men with Osteoporosis: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis from the US Payer Perspective [2015]
  • Permanente Journal
    • Are Men at High Risk for Osteoporosis Underscreened? A Quality Improvement Project [2016]
  • PharmacoEconomics
    • Cost-Effectiveness of Sequential Abaloparatide/Alendronate in Men at High Risk of Fractures in the United States [2023]
  • StatPearls
    • Osteoporosis in Males
  • U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs
    • Rationale for osteoporosis screening in men [2025]
    • Screening for Male Osteoporosis: A Systematic Review [2022]
  • U.S. Pharmacist
    • An Overview of Male Osteoporosis [2021]
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Osteoporosis

Osteoporosis

• Africa
  • Archives of Osteoporosis
    • Consensus evidence-based clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis and treat-to-target management of osteoporosis in Africa: an initiative by the African Society of Bone Health and Metabolic Bone Diseases [2021]
• Arab countries
  • Mediterranean Journal of Rheumatology
    • Pan Arab Osteoporosis Society Guidelines for Osteoporosis Management [2017]
• Asia-Pacific
  • Archives of Osteoporosis
    • Quality improvement initiatives in the care and prevention of fragility fractures in the Asia Pacific region [2022]
  • Asia Pacific Consortium on Osteoporosis
    • Harmonization of Osteoporosis Guidelines: Paving the Way for Disrupting the Status Quo in Osteoporosis Management in the Asia Pacific [2022]
    • Development of the Asia Pacific Consortium on Osteoporosis (APCO) Framework: clinical standards of care for the screening, diagnosis, and management of osteoporosis in the Asia-Pacific region [2021]
    • IQ driving QI: the Asia Pacific Consortium on Osteoporosis (APCO): an innovative and collaborative initiative to improve osteoporosis care in the Asia Pacific [2020]
• Australia
  • Archives of Osteoporosis
    • Trends in osteoporosis diagnosis and management in Australia [2022]
  • Australian Family Physician
    • Osteosarcopenia: A new geriatric syndrome [2017]
  • Australian Institute of Health and Welfare
    • Osteoporosis and minimal trauma fractures [2024]
  • Australian Journal of General Practice
    • Menopause and osteoporosis: Epidemiology, pathophysiology, screening and diagnosis [2026]
  • Healthy Bones Australia
    • Guidelines & Statements
  • Royal Australian College of General Practitioners
    • 2024 Royal Australian College of General Practitioners and Healthy Bones Australia guideline for osteoporosis management and fracture prevention in postmenopausal women and men over 50 years of age [2025]
    • Osteoporosis
• Belgium
  • Belgian Bone Club
    • The Belgian Bone Club 2020 guidelines for the management of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women [2020]
    • How to manage osteoporosis before the age of 50 [2020]
    • Osteoporosis in Frail Patients: A Consensus Paper of the Belgian Bone Club [2017]
• Brazil
  • Revista Brasileira de Reumatologia
    • Brazilian guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis [2017]
• Canada
  • BCGuidelines
    • Osteoporosis: Diagnosis, Treatment and Fracture Prevention
  • Canadian Family Physician
    • Approach to osteoporosis diagnosis and fracture risk management in primary care [2026]
    • 2023 guidelines for osteoporosis care in older female patients [2026]
    • Osteoporosis management in residential care [2017]
    • Osteoporosis guideline implementation in family medicine using electronic medical records [2016]
  • Journal of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners
    • Screening, assessment, and treatment of osteoporosis for the nurse practitioner: Key questions and answers for clinical practice—A Canadian perspective [2014]
  • Osteoporosis Canada
    • Clinical practice guideline for management of osteoporosis and fracture prevention in Canada: 2023 update [2023]
    • Guidelines and Recommendations
  • Osteoporosis International
    • A scorecard for osteoporosis in Canada and seven Canadian provinces [2021]
  • Public Health Agency of Canada
    • Osteoporosis and related fractures in Canada: Report from the Canadian Chronic Disease Surveillance System 2020 [2020]
    • Screening, prevention and management of osteoporosis among Canadian adults [2018]
  • Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada
    • Menopause and Osteoporosis [2022]
  • Veterans Affairs Canada
    • Osteoporosis
• Canada, United States
  • Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism
    • A Comparison of U.S. and Canadian Osteoporosis Screening and Treatment Strategies in Postmenopausal Women [2019]
  • Menopause Society
    • Management of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women: the 2021 position statement of The North American Menopause Society [2021]
• Egypt
  • Osteoporosis International
    • Screening and management of osteoporosis: a survey of knowledge, attitude, and practice among healthcare professionals in Egypt-a study by the Egyptian Academy of Bone Health [2024]
• Europe
  • Archives of Osteoporosis
    • Similarities and differences between European guidelines for the management of postmenopausal osteoporosis [2024]
    • SCOPE: a scorecard for osteoporosis in Europe [2013]
  • European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology
    • 2019 EULAR points to consider for non-physician health professionals to prevent and manage fragility fractures in adults 50 years or older [2021]
  • European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases
    • Real-world evidence: new opportunities for osteoporosis research. Recommendations from a Working Group from the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO) [2023]
    • European guidance for the diagnosis and management of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women [2019]
  • International Osteoporosis Foundation
    • Osteoporosis in Europe: a compendium of country-specific reports [2022]
    • SCOPE 2021: a new scorecard for osteoporosis in Europe [2021]
    • Fragility fractures in Europe: burden, management and opportunities [2020]
  • WHO European Region
    • What evidence is there for the prevention and screening of osteoporosis? [2006]
• France
  • HAL
    • 2018 Update of French Recommendations on the Management of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis [2018]
  • Journal of Bone and Mineral Research
    • The Economic Burden of Severe Osteoporotic Fractures in the French Healthcare Database: The FRACTOS Study [2022]
• Germany
  • Deutsches Ärzteblatt International
    • Clinical Practice Guideline: The Diagnosis and Treatment of Osteoporosis [2025]
  • Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care
    • Systematic guideline search and appraisal, as well as extraction of relevant recommendations, for a DMP "osteoporosis" [2016]
  • Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research
    • Investigation and management of osteoporosis in aged trauma patients: a treatment algorithm adapted to the German guidelines for osteoporosis [2017]
• Hong Kong
  • Hong Kong Medical Journal
    • 2024 OSHK Guideline for Clinical Management of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis in Hong Kong [2024]
• Iceland
  • Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine
    • A Clinical Decision Support System for the Diagnosis, Fracture Risks and Treatment of Osteoporosis [2015]
• India
  • Indian Menopause Society
    • Clinical Practice Guidelines on Postmenopausal Osteoporosis: An Executive Summary and Recommendations – Update 2019–2020 [2020]
  • International Journal of Women's Health
    • Epidemiology and treatment of osteoporosis in women: an Indian perspective [2015]
  • Journal of Mid-Life Health
    • Clinical Practice Guidelines on Postmenopausal Osteoporosis: An Executive Summary and Recommendations – Update 2019–2020 [2020]
• International
  • Age and Ageing
    • Health-related quality of life instruments for older persons with osteoporosis: a WHO-BOHEG systematic review of measurement properties for use in clinical trials and routine practice [2026]
  • Endokrynologia Polska
    • New insights into the pathogenesis and treatment of senile osteoporosis: a narrative review [2025]
  • European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases
    • Recommendations for the conduct of economic evaluations in osteoporosis: outcomes of an experts’ consensus meeting organized by the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO) and the US branch of the International Osteoporosis Foundation [2019]
  • International Menopause Society
    • Update on bone health: the International Menopause Society White Paper 2021 [2021]
  • International Osteoporosis Foundation
    • Barriers and solutions for global access to osteoporosis management: a Position Paper from the International Osteoporosis Foundation [2025]
    • Improving the reporting of economic evaluation in osteoporosis: the value of CHEERS 2022 statement [2022]
    • A patient-level key performance indicator set to measure the effectiveness of fracture liaison services and guide quality improvement: a position paper of the IOF Capture the Fracture Working Group, National Osteoporosis Foundation and Fragility Fracture Network [2020]
    • Health professionals
  • Journal of Bone and Mineral Research
    • Development and reporting of artificial intelligence in osteoporosis management [2024]
  • World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies
    • Epidemiology, natural course, and preventive measures of osteoporotic vertebral fractures: WFNS Spine Committee Recommendations [2022]
    • Endocrine assessment, chemotherapy, nonsurgical treatment, and rehabilitation for osteoporotic spine fractures: WFNS spine committee recommendations [2022]
• Iran
  • BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders
    • Direct costs of common osteoporotic fractures (Hip, Vertebral and Forearm) in Iran [2021]
• Ireland
  • Women's Health
    • An overview of the management of osteoporosis in the aging female population [2023]
• Ireland, United Kingdom
  • Calcified Tissue International
    • Diagnosis and Management of Osteoporosis During COVID-19: Systematic Review and Practical Guidance [2021]
• Israel
  • Israel Medical Association Journal
    • Osteoporosis: A Future Public Health Problem for Israel? Medical and Legal Obligations [2017]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Managing Osteoporosis: A Survey of Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices among Primary Care Physicians in Israel [2016]
• Italy
  • Aging Clinical and Experimental Research
    • Management of hip fracture in the older people: rationale and design of the Italian consensus on the orthogeriatric co-management [2020]
  • Internal and Emergency Medicine
    • Guidelines for the management of osteoporosis and fragility fractures [2019]
  • Reumatismo
    • Guidelines for the diagnosis, prevention and management of osteoporosis [2016]
• Japan
  • Endocrine Journal
    • Multidisciplinary approach to management of osteoporosis with osteoporosis liaison service (OLS) [2023]
• Latin America
  • Archives of Osteoporosis
    • Joint position statement on management of patient with osteoporosis during COVID-19 contingency from the AMMOM, CONAMEGER, FELAEN, FEMECOG, FEMECOT, and ICAAFYD [2021]
• Malaysia
  • Ministry of Health Malaysia
    • Management of Osteoporosis [2022]
• Mexico
  • Archives of Medical Research
    • Osteoporosis and Fragility Fractures in Mexico: A Call to Action [2024]
• Netherlands
  • Archives of Osteoporosis
    • The Dutch multidisciplinary guideline osteoporosis and fracture prevention, taking a local guideline to the international arena [2024]
    • Disparities in management of symptomatic osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures: a nationwide multidisciplinary survey [2024]
    • Osteoporosis care during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Netherlands: A national survey [2021]
  • Expert Review of Pharmacoeconomics & Outcomes Research
    • Cost-effectiveness of a multicomponent-adherence intervention in fracture liaison services [2024]
• New Zealand
  • Archives of Osteoporosis
    • Experience of a systematic approach to care and prevention of fragility fractures in New Zealand [2022]
  • Osteoporosis New Zealand
    • Osteoporosis Resources for Healthcare Professionals
• Oman
  • Ministry of Health Oman
    • Guidelines on the Screening, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Osteoporosis
• Philippines
  • Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies
    • Philippine Clinical Practice Guidelines on Screening, Diagnosis, Management and Prevention of Primary Osteoporosis and Fragility Fractures Among Postmenopausal Women and Older Men [2025]
• Poland
  • Endokrynologia Polska
    • Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of osteoporosis in Poland. Update 2022 [2023]
    • Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of osteoporosis in Poland : Update 2017 [2017]
• Qatar
  • Archives of Osteoporosis
    • Guidelines for fracture risk assessment and management of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women and men above the age of 50 in Qatar [2024]
• Republic of Korea
  • Journal of Bone Metabolism
    • Review of Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Osteosarcopenia in Korea [2018]
    • Comparison in Adherence to Osteoporosis Guidelines according to Bone Health Status in Korean Adult [2016]
  • Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition
    • Analysis of the association between osteoporosis and muscle strength in Korean adults: a national cross-sectional study [2023]
• Saudi Arabia
  • Annals of Saudi Medicine
    • Updated Recommendations for the Diagnosis and Management of Osteoporosis: A Local Perspective [2011]
  • Council of Health Insurance
    • Osteoporosis Clinical Practice Guidelines [2020]
  • Saudi Medical Journal
    • Osteoporosis in Saudi Arabia. Are we doing enough? [2015]
  • Saudi Osteoporosis Society
    • Diagnosis and management of osteoporosis in Saudi Arabia: 2023 key updates from the Saudi Osteoporosis Society [2023]
    • 2015 Guidelines for Osteoporosis in Saudi Arabia: Recommendations from the Saudi Osteoporosis Society [2015]
• Singapore
  • Agency for Care Effectiveness
    • Osteoporosis — identification and management in primary care [2018]
  • Annals Academy of Medicine Singapore
    • 2025 Singapore consensus statements on the management of osteoporosis [2026]
    • Tackling osteoporosis and fragility fractures in Singapore [2021]
  • Archives of Osteoporosis
    • Osteoporosis management by primary care physicians in Singapore: a survey on osteoporosis guidelines utilisation and barriers to care [2023]
  • Family Medicine and Community Health
    • Translating evidence into primary care: Singapore's 2025 national osteoporosis guideline and a multilevel framework for assessing guideline impact in mixed health systems [2026]
• Slovakia
  • Archives of Osteoporosis
    • National guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis in Slovakia [2025]
• Spain
  • Archives of Osteoporosis
    • A Delphi consensus on the management of Spanish patients with osteoporosis at high risk of fracture: OSARIDELPHI study [2023]
    • Spanish National Registry of Major Osteoporotic Fractures (REFRA) seen at Fracture Liaison Services (FLS): objectives and quality standards [2022]
  • BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders
    • Multidisciplinary consensus on the management of patients with osteopenia and fracture risk in Spain [2025]
  • Pediatric Rheumatology
    • Expert panel consensus recommendations for diagnosis and treatment of secondary osteoporosis in children [2020]
  • Reumatología Clínica
    • Recommendations by the Spanish Society of Rheumatology on Osteoporosis [2019]
  • Revista Clínica Española (English Edition)
    • Executive summary clinical practice guideline of postmenopausal, glucocorticoid-induced and male osteoporosis (2022 update). Spanish Society for Bone and Mineral Metabolism Investigation (SEIOMM) [2022]
• Taiwan
  • Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia
    • The development of Taiwan Fracture Liaison Service network [2018]
• Thailand
  • Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia
    • Thai Osteoporosis Foundation (TOPF) position statements on management of osteoporosis [2016]
• Türkiye
  • Archives of Osteoporosis
    • Specialty-based differences in osteoporosis management in Türkiye: a national cross-sectional survey [2026]
    • Updated approach for the management of osteoporosis in Turkey: a consensus report [2020]
• United Kingdom
  • Archives of Osteoporosis
    • Osteoporosis care in primary care settings: a national UK e-survey [2025]
  • British Journal of General Practice
    • What's new in osteoporosis management? Leading the fight in primary care [2024]
  • National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
    • Osteoporosis [2026]
  • National Osteoporosis Guideline Group
    • Diagnosis and management of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women and older men in the UK: National Osteoporosis Guideline Group (NOGG) update 2013 [2013]
  • Osteoporosis International
    • Evaluation of quality and readability of online patient information on osteoporosis and osteoporosis drug treatment and recommendations for improvement [2021]
  • Public Health England
    • Falls and fractures: consensus statement and resources pack
  • Right Decisions
    • Osteoporosis (Guidelines)
  • Royal Osteoporosis Society
    • Towards a cure for osteoporosis: the UK Royal Osteoporosis Society (ROS) Osteoporosis Research Roadmap [2022]
  • SIGN
    • Management of osteoporosis and the prevention of fragility fractures
• United States
  • American Association of Clinical Endocrinology
    • American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists/American College of Endocrinology Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis— 2020 Update [2020]
  • American College of Physicians
    • Quality Indicators for Osteoporosis in Adults: A Review of Performance Measures by the American College of Physicians [2023]
  • American Family Physician
    • Diagnosis and Management of Osteoporosis [2015]
  • American Society for Bone and Mineral Research
    • Osteoporosis Management in the Era of COVID-19 [2020]
  • Annals of Pharmacotherapy
    • Economic Burden of Osteoporosis-Related Fractures in the US Medicare Population [2021]
  • Archives of Osteoporosis
    • Medical management patterns in a US commercial claims database following a nontraumatic fracture in postmenopausal women [2022]
  • Clinical Medicine & Research
    • Management of Osteoporosis and Spinal Fractures: Contemporary Guidelines and Evolving Paradigms [2022]
  • Endocrine Society
    • Bone Health and Osteoporosis
  • Journal of Clinical Densitometry
    • Proceedings of the 2024 Santa Fe Bone Symposium: Update on the Management of Osteoporosis and Rare Bone Diseases [2025]
    • Proceedings of the 2021 Santa Fe Bone Symposium: Advances in the Management of Osteoporosis and Metabolic Bone Diseases [2022]
  • Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Global research & reviews
    • No Significant Improvement in Osteoporosis Management of Post-fragility Fracture Patients From 2010 to 2019: A National Database Study [2025]
  • Journal of the American Medical Directors Association
    • Economic and Humanistic Burden Among Medicare-Aged Women With Fragility Fracture in the United States [2023]
  • Orthopedics
    • Osteoporosis: An Update on Screening, Diagnosis, Evaluation, and Treatment [2023]
  • Osteoporosis International
    • Fracture liaison service-a multidisciplinary approach to osteoporosis management [2024]
  • OTA International
    • Osteoporosis management in the United States [2022]
  • Society for Women's Health Research
    • Recommendations for Improving Women's Bone Health Throughout the Lifespan [2022]
• WHO
  • World Health Organization
    • Prevention and management of osteoporosis: report of a WHO scientific group [2003]
    • Fragility fractures
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Osteoporosis: screening, diagnosis
    • Osteoporosis: risk factors
    • Osteoporosis: prevention, treatment
    • Osteoporosis: epidemiology
    • Menopause, hormone replacement therapy
    • Male osteoporosis

Osteoporosis: epidemiology

• Asia
  • Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia
    • An updated hip fracture projection in Asia: The Asian Federation of Osteoporosis Societies study [2018]
• Asia-Pacific
  • Osteoporosis International
    • Prevalence of osteoporosis and incidence of related fractures in developed economies in the Asia Pacific region: a systematic review [2023]
• Australia
  • Archives of Osteoporosis
    • Incidence of vertebral fracture in a cohort of Australian women: data from the Geelong Osteoporosis Study [2026]
  • Australian Institute of Health and Welfare
    • Estimating the prevalence of osteoporosis in Australia [2014]
• Austria
  • Osteoporosis International
    • Epidemiology and economic burden of fragility fractures in Austria [2022]
• Bahrain
  • BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders
    • The estimated prevalence of osteoporosis in Bahrain: a multi-centered-based study [2024]
• Brazil
  • Clinical Interventions in Aging
    • The epidemiology and management of postmenopausal osteoporosis: a viewpoint from Brazil [2015]
• Canada
  • Archives of Osteoporosis
    • An update of the prevalence of osteoporosis, fracture risk factors, and medication use among community-dwelling older adults: results from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA) [2022]
  • Osteoporosis International
    • The burden of illness of osteoporosis in Canada [2012]
• Chile
  • Journal of Osteoporosis
    • Epidemiology and Direct Medical Cost of Osteoporotic Hip Fracture in Chile [2020]
• China
  • BMC Public Health
    • Prevalence rate of primary osteoporosis in China: a meta-analysis [2024]
    • Prevalence of osteoporosis in China: a meta-analysis and systematic review [2016]
  • Clinical Interventions in Aging
    • Epidemiology and management of osteoporosis in the People’s Republic of China: current perspectives [2015]
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • The prevalence of osteoporosis in China, a community based cohort study of osteoporosis [2023]
    • Burden of falls attributable to low bone mineral density among people aged 60 years and over in China from 1990 to 2019 [2023]
  • JAMA Network Open
    • Prevalence of Osteoporosis and Fracture in China: The China Osteoporosis Prevalence Study [2021]
  • Journal of Bone and Mineral Research
    • Opportunistic Screening Using Low-Dose CT and the Prevalence of Osteoporosis in China: A Nationwide, Multicenter Study [2021]
    • The Prevalence of Osteoporosis in China, a Nationwide, Multicenter DXA Survey [2019]
  • Journal of Global Health
    • Prevalence of osteoporosis and associated factors among Chinese adults: a systematic review and modelling study [2025]
  • Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research
    • The prevalence of osteoporotic fractures in the elderly in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2023]
  • Medicine
    • Thirty-year transition of disease burden attributed to low bone mineral density: A disaggregated analysis of Global Patterns and China's Epidemiological Profile (1990-2021) [2026]
• Ecuador
  • Archives of Osteoporosis
    • Decreasing incidence rates of osteoporotic hip fractures in Ecuador during the COVID-19 pandemic [2022]
• Egypt
  • Scientific Reports
    • FRAX-based national survey of osteoporotic fracture risk, related knowledge, and associated factors, among Egyptian adults aged 40 years and older, 2025 [2026]
• Europe
  • International Osteoporosis Foundation
    • Osteoporosis in the European Union: medical management, epidemiology and economic burden [2013]
    • Osteoporosis in the European Union: a compendium of country-specific reports [2013]
  • Osteoporosis International
    • Prevalence and incidence of osteoporotic vertebral fractures in community-dwelling European older adults: an observational analysis of the DO-HEALTH trial [2025]
• France
  • Archives of Osteoporosis
    • Assessing the burden of osteoporosis and clinical fragility fractures in the French general population: insights from linked healthcare claims and health interview survey data used for surveillance [2025]
• Germany
  • Archives of Osteoporosis
    • Bone evaluation study-2: update on the epidemiology of osteoporosis in Germany [2024]
  • BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders
    • Prevalence and comorbidity of osteoporosis– a cross-sectional analysis on 10,660 adults aged 50 years and older in Germany [2018]
  • Deutsches Ärzteblatt International
    • The Epidemiology of Osteoporosis [2013]
  • Scientific Reports
    • Increased incidence of vertebral fractures in German adults from 2009 to 2019 and the analysis of secondary diagnoses, treatment, costs, and in-hospital mortality [2023]
• Hong Kong
  • Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia
    • Prevalence of osteoporosis in elderly women in Hong Kong [2021]
• India
  • International Osteoporosis Foundation
    • The Asia-Pacific Regional Audit-Epidemiology, Costs, and Burden of Osteoporosis in India 2013: A report of International Osteoporosis Foundation [2014]
  • Journal of Mid-Life Health
    • Burden of Osteopenia and Osteoporosis Among Postmenopausal Women in India: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2022]
• International
  • BMC Public Health
    • The prevalence of low bone mineral density in women aged 55 years or older and the association with socioeconomic factors across the Globe [2025]
    • Differences in the global exposure, mortality and disability of low bone mineral density between men and women: the underestimated burden in men [2023]
  • British Medical Bulletin
    • The Epidemiology of Osteoporosis [2020]
  • Climacteric
    • Burden, trends and projections of low bone mineral density in premenopausal/postmenopausal women [2025]
    • Osteoporosis and fractures in women: the burden of disease [2022]
  • Current Osteoporosis Reports
    • Disparities in the Prevalence of Osteoporosis and Osteopenia in Men and Women Living in Sub-Saharan Africa, the UK, and the USA [2023]
  • Frontiers in Endocrinology
    • The Global Burden of Osteoporosis, Low Bone Mass, and Its Related Fracture in 204 Countries and Territories, 1990-2019 [2022]
    • Global, Regional, and National Burden of Low Bone Mineral Density From 1990 to 2019: Results From the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 [2022]
  • International Osteoporosis Foundation
    • A systematic review of hip fracture incidence and probability of fracture worldwide [2012]
    • Secular trends in the incidence of hip and other osteoporotic fractures [2011]
    • Facts and Statistics
    • Epidemiology
  • Journal of Global Health
    • Global burden of fall-related injuries attributable to low bone mineral density in women aged 50-69 years: inequalities, projections to 2050, and Mendelian randomisation [2026]
  • Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research
    • The global prevalence of osteoporosis in the world: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis [2021]
    • Global prevalence of osteoporosis among the world older adults: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis [2021]
  • Lancet Rheumatology
    • The global, regional, and national burden attributable to low bone mineral density, 1990-2020: an analysis of a modifiable risk factor from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 [2025]
  • npj Aging
    • Global epidemiology and burden of osteoporosis among postmenopausal women: insights from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 [2025]
• Iran
  • Clinical Medicine Insights. Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Disorders
    • Prevalence of Osteoporosis Among Iranian Postmenopausal Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis [2022]
  • International Journal of Preventive Medicine
    • Prevalence of Osteoporosis and Osteopenia in People Over 60 Years in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis [2022]
  • Journal of Research in Medical Sciences
    • Prevalence of osteoporosis in Iran: A meta-analysis [2013]
• Italy
  • BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders
    • Prevalence of osteoporosis in the Italian population and main risk factors: results of BoneTour Campaign [2016]
  • Bone
    • Trends in hip and distal femoral fracture rates in Italy from 2007 to 2017 [2021]
• Japan
  • Journal of Orthopaedic Science
    • Deaths caused by osteoporotic fractures in Japan: An epidemiological study [2024]
• Jordan
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Osteoporosis among Postmenopausal Women in Jordan: A National Cross-Sectional Study [2022]
• Mexico
  • Archives of Osteoporosis
    • Estimated frequency and economic burden of incident fragility fractures during 2023 in Mexico [2024]
• Netherlands
  • Calcified Tissue International
    • Current and Future Incidence and Costs of Osteoporosis-Related Fractures in The Netherlands: Combining Claims Data with BMD Measurements [2016]
  • PLoS Medicine
    • The Epidemiology of Hip and Major Osteoporotic Fractures in a Dutch Population of Community-Dwelling Elderly: Implications for the Dutch FRAX® Algorithm [2015]
• Norway
  • BMC Geriatrics
    • Cause-specific excess mortality after hip fracture: the Norwegian Epidemiologic Osteoporosis Studies (NOREPOS) [2023]
• Qatar
  • Archives of Osteoporosis
    • Epidemiology of hip fracture in Qatar and development of a country specific FRAX model [2022]
• Republic of Korea
  • Endocrinology and Metabolism
    • Epidemiology of Osteoporosis and Osteoporotic Fractures in South Korea [2013]
  • Healthcare
    • Characteristics of Osteoporosis & Osteoporotic Fractures in Korea Based on Health Insurance Review and Assessment (HIRA) Database: 2009–2017 [2021]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Influence of Residence Area and Basic Livelihood Conditions on the Prevalence and Diagnosis Experience of Osteoporosis in Postmenopausal Women Aged over 50 Years: Evaluation Using Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Data [2021]
  • Journal of Korean Medical Science
    • Trend in Hip Fracture Incidence and Mortality in Korea: A Prospective Cohort Study from 2002 to 2011 [2015]
    • New Reference Data on Bone Mineral Density and the Prevalence of Osteoporosis in Korean Adults Aged 50 Years or Older: The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008-2010 [2014]
  • Osteoporosis International
    • Temporal change in the diagnosis and treatment rates of osteoporosis: results from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey [2021]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Prevalence and diagnosis experience of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women over 50: Focusing on socioeconomic factors [2021]
  • Yonsei Medical Journal
    • Prevalence of Osteoporosis in the Korean Population Based on Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES), 2008-2011 [2014]
• Saudi Arabia
  • Archives of Osteoporosis
    • Incidence of hip fracture in Saudi Arabia and the development of a FRAX model [2022]
• Singapore
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Estimation of Prevalence of Osteoporosis Using OSTA and Its Correlation with Sociodemographic Factors, Disability and Comorbidities [2019]
• Spain
  • Archives of Osteoporosis
    • Prevalence and treatment of fragility fractures in Spanish primary care: PREFRAOS study [2022]
• Sub-Saharan Africa
  • Ghana Medical Journal
    • A call to action for osteoporosis research in sub-saharan Africa [2020]
• Switzerland
  • Osteoporosis International
    • Hospitalizations for major osteoporotic fractures in Switzerland: a long-term trend analysis between 1998 and 2018 [2022]
• United Kingdom
  • Bone
    • Epidemiology of Fractures in the United Kingdom 1988-2012: Variation with age, sex, geography, ethnicity and socioeconomic status [2016]
  • Osteoporosis International
    • Trends in incidence of recorded diagnosis of osteoporosis, osteopenia, and fragility fractures in people aged 50 years and above: retrospective cohort study using UK primary care data [2023]
• United States
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Osteoporosis or low bone mass in older adults : United States, 2017–2018 [2021]
    • Osteoporosis
  • Journal of Bone and Mineral Research
    • The Recent Prevalence of Osteoporosis and Low Bone Mass in the United States Based on Bone Mineral Density at the Femoral Neck or Lumbar Spine [2014]
  • Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives
    • The trend of osteoporosis and osteoporotic fragility fractures in inpatients: results from a national database [2019]
  • Lancet Healthy Longevity
    • Addressing the growing burden of musculoskeletal diseases in the ageing US population: challenges and innovations [2025]
  • Osteoporosis International
    • Time trend analysis of osteoporosis prevalence among adults 50 years of age and older in the USA, 2005-2018 [2025]
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Osteoporosis

Osteoporosis: prevention, treatment

• Asia-Pacific
  • Journal of the Formosan Medical Association
    • Asia-pacific consensus on osteoporotic fracture prevention in postmenopausal women with low bone mass or osteoporosis but no fragility fractures [2023]
• Australia
  • Archives of Osteoporosis
    • Osteoporosis management in Australian aged care facilities: a mixed method study [2024]
  • Australasian Journal on Ageing
    • Vitamin D, bones and muscle: myth versus reality [2017]
  • Australian Family Physician
    • Medication selection and patient compliance in the clinical management of osteoporosis [2016]
  • Australian Journal of General Practice
    • Menopause and osteoporosis: Non-pharmacological and pharmacological management [2026]
  • Australian Prescriber
    • Treating osteoporosis: risks and management [2022]
    • Treating osteoporosis [2016]
  • BMC Family Practice
    • Osteoporosis management in Australian general practice: an analysis of current osteoporosis treatment patterns and gaps in practice [2020]
  • BMC Research Notes
    • Knowledge change regarding osteoporosis prevention: translating recommended guidelines into user-friendly messages within a community forum [2015]
  • Cost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation
    • What are we paying for? A cost-effectiveness analysis of patented denosumab and generic alendronate for postmenopausal osteoporotic women in Australia [2016]
  • Healthy Bones Australia
    • Exercise Prescription to Support the Management of Osteoporosis for Physiotherapists and Exercise Physiologists [2024]
    • Statement on Calcium and Vitamin D for Bone Health in Australian Adult Populations [2021]
  • Internal Medicine
    • First-line treatment of osteoporosis with osteoanabolic therapy: a new opportunity [2025]
  • Royal Australian College of General Practitioners
    • Recombinant human parathyroid hormone
    • Pharmacologic approaches to prevention and treatment
    • Menopausal Hormonal Therapy
    • Calcium, protein and Vitamin D
    • Bisphosphonates
• Australia, New Zealand
  • Australasian Menopause Society
    • Osteoporosis
    • Calcium Supplements
  • Medical Journal of Australia
    • Calcium and bone health: position statement for the Australian and New Zealand Bone and Mineral Society, Osteoporosis Australia and the Endocrine Society of Australia [2009]
• Austria
  • Archives of Osteoporosis
    • Osteoporosis treatment in Austria-assessment of FRAX-based intervention thresholds for high and very high fracture risk [2022]
• Austria, Germany, Switzerland
  • BMC Endocrine Disorders
    • Exercise for fracture prevention - evidence and consensus-based practice guideline of the osteology umbrella association (DVO) [2026]
  • Osteoporosis International
    • Exercise training and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of intervention studies with emphasis on potential moderators [2023]
• Baltic countries
  • Medicina
    • Use of drugs against osteoporosis in the Baltic countries during 2010–2014 [2016]
• Bangladesh
  • Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition
    • Vitamin D deficiency in Bangladesh: A review of prevalence, causes and recommendations for mitigation [2022]
• Belgium
  • Belgian Bone Club
    • When and How to Evaluate Vitamin D Status? A Viewpoint from the Belgian Bone Club [2024]
    • Effects of Dairy Products Consumption on Health: Benefits and Beliefs—A Commentary from the Belgian Bone Club and the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases [2015]
    • Extraskeletal benefits and risks of calcium, Vitamin D and anti-osteoporosis medications [2012]
    • Non-pharmacological management of osteoporosis: a consensus of the Belgian Bone Club [2011]
    • Evidence-based guidelines for the pharmacological treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis: a consensus document by the Belgian Bone Club [2010]
    • Evidence-based guidelines for the use of biochemical markers of bone turnover in the selection and monitoring of bisphosphonate treatment in osteoporosis: a consensus document of the Belgian Bone Club [2009]
  • Osteoporosis International
    • Cost-effectiveness of romosozumab for the treatment of postmenopausal women with osteoporosis at high risk of fracture in Belgium [2024]
• Brazil
  • Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism
    • Definition and management of very high fracture risk in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis: a position statement from the Brazilian Society of Endocrinology and Metabolism (SBEM) and the Brazilian Association of Bone Assessment and Metabolism (ABRASSO) [2022]
• Bulgaria
  • Rheumatology and Therapy
    • Clinical Management of Women with Newly Diagnosed Osteoporosis: Data from Everyday Practice in Bulgaria [2021]
• Canada
  • Alberta Health Services
    • Nutrition Guideline - Calcium and Vitamin D for Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis
  • Archives of Osteoporosis
    • Cost-effectiveness of romosozumab for the treatment of postmenopausal women at very high risk of fracture in Canada [2022]
  • BCGuidelines
    • Vitamin D Testing
  • BMC Geriatrics
    • Strategies to overcome barriers to implementing osteoporosis and fracture prevention guidelines in long-term care: a qualitative analysis of action plans suggested by front line staff in Ontario, Canada [2015]
  • Canada's Drug Agency
    • Vitamin D Supplementation for the Prevention of Falls and Fractures in Residents of Long-Term Care Facilities: A 2021 Update [2021]
    • Duration of Bisphosphonate Treatment for Patients with Osteoporosis: A Review of Clinical Effectiveness and Guidelines [2019]
    • Vitamin D Testing in the General Population: A Review of the Clinical and Cost-Effectiveness and Guidelines [2015]
    • Denosumab, Raloxifene, and Zoledronic Acid for the Treatment of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis: Clinical Effectiveness and Harms [2013]
  • Canadian Academy of Sport and Exercise Medicine
    • Canadian Academy of Sport and Exercise Medicine Position Statement: Osteoporosis and Exercise [2013]
  • Canadian Family Physician
    • Vitamin D and fracture prevention [2025]
    • Reduce unnecessary routine vitamin D testing [2023]
    • Bisphosphonates: forever or 5 years and stop? [2015]
    • Bisphosphonates for treatment of osteoporosis. Expected benefits, potential harms, and drug holidays [2014]
  • Journal of Osteoporosis
    • Characterizing the Assessment and Management of Vitamin D Levels in Patients with Osteoporosis in Clinical Practice: A Chart Review Initiative [2015]
  • MDM Policy & Practice
    • Cost-Effectiveness of Pharmacological Treatments for Osteoporosis Consistent with the Revised Economic Evaluation Guidelines for Canada [2019]
  • Osteoporosis Canada
    • Recommendations for preventing fracture in long-term care [2015]
    • Parathyroid hormone for the treatment of osteoporosis: a systematic review [2006]
    • Clinical practice guidelines for the use of parathyroid hormone in the treatment of osteoporosis [2006]
    • Vitamin D
    • Calcium
    • Bisphosphonates
• Canada, United States
  • Osteoporosis International
    • Fracture definitions in observational osteoporosis drug effects studies that leverage healthcare administrative (claims) data: a scoping review [2022]
• China
  • Bioengineered
    • Chinese patent medicine for osteoporosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2022]
  • Clinical Interventions in Aging
    • Management of osteoporosis with calcitriol in elderly Chinese patients: a systematic review [2014]
  • Drug Design, Development and Therapy
    • A Health Technology Assessment Based on Chinese Guideline: Active Vitamin D and Its Analogs in the Treatment of Osteoporosis [2024]
  • Frontiers in Endocrinology
    • Expert consensus on the bone repair strategy for osteoporotic fractures in China [2022]
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • Cost-effectiveness analysis of Chinese patent medicines for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis in China [2025]
    • Cost-Effectiveness of Sequential Teriparatide/Zoledronic Acid Compared With Zoledronic Acid Monotherapy for Postmenopausal Osteoporotic Women in China [2022]
  • Nutrients
    • Associations of Serum Homocysteine with Bone Mineral Density and Osteoporosis Incidence in Chinese Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Retrospective Cohort Study [2025]
  • Osteoporosis International
    • Predicting the intervention threshold for initiating osteoporosis treatment among postmenopausal women in China: a cost-effectiveness analysis based on real-world data [2020]
  • PeerJ
    • A retrospective analysis of anti-osteoporosis medication trends among patients under 50 years old in nine major regions of China from 2016 to 2019 [2025]
• Denmark
  • International Journal of Circumpolar Health
    • The prevalence of patients treated for osteoporosis in Greenland is low compared to Denmark [2022]
  • Journal of Bone and Mineral Research
    • Life Expectancy in Patients Treated for Osteoporosis: Observational Cohort Study Using National Danish Prescription Data [2015]
  • Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
    • Bisphosphonate Use and Risk of Atypical Femoral Fractures: A Danish Case-Cohort Study With Blinded Radiographic Review [2024]
• Europe
  • Archives of Osteoporosis
    • Factors associated with high 24-month persistence with denosumab: results of a real-world, non-interventional study of women with postmenopausal osteoporosis in Germany, Austria, Greece, and Belgium [2017]
  • Calcified Tissue International
    • Effects of Teriparatide in Patients with Osteoporosis in Clinical Practice: 42-Month Results During and After Discontinuation of Treatment from the European Extended Forsteo® Observational Study (ExFOS) [2018]
  • European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology
    • EULAR/EFORT recommendations for management of patients older than 50 years with a fragility fracture and prevention of subsequent fractures [2017]
  • European Calcified Tissue Society
    • Medical Management of Patients After Atypical Femur Fractures: a Systematic Review and Recommendations From the European Calcified Tissue Society [2020]
    • Fracture risk and management of discontinuation of denosumab therapy: a systematic review and position statement by ECTS [2020]
  • European Menopause and Andropause Society
    • EMAS position statement: Vitamin D and menopausal health [2023]
    • Calcium in the prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis: EMAS clinical guide [2018]
    • Drug holidays from bisphosphonates and denosumab in postmenopausal osteoporosis: EMAS position statement [2017]
    • EMAS position statement: The management of postmenopausal women with vertebral osteoporotic fracture [2014]
  • European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases
    • Treatment of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis in the Oldest Old [2025]
    • Role of vitamin D supplementation in the management of musculoskeletal diseases: update from an European Society of Clinical and Economical Aspects of Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO) working group [2022]
    • Is there a role for menopausal hormone therapy in the management of postmenopausal osteoporosis? [2020]
    • Interventions to improve adherence to anti-osteoporosis medications: an updated systematic review [2020]
    • Cutaneous Side Effects of Antiosteoporosis Treatments [2011]
    • Subtrochanteric fractures after long-term treatment with bisphosphonates: a European Society on Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis, and International Osteoporosis Foundation Working Group Report [2010]
  • European Union Geriatric Medicine Society
    • A Comprehensive Fracture Prevention Strategy in Older Adults: The European Union Geriatric Medicine Society (EUGMS) Statement [2016]
  • Osteoporosis International
    • The osteoporosis treatment gap in patients at risk of fracture in European primary care: a multi-country cross-sectional observational study [2021]
    • Persistence, adherence, and medication-taking behavior in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis receiving denosumab in routine practice in Germany, Austria, Greece, and Belgium: 12-month results from a European non-interventional study [2015]
• France
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Bisphosphonate Use and Hospitalization for Hip Fractures in Women: An Observational Population-Based Study in France [2021]
  • Joint Bone Spine
    • Daily or intermittent vitamin D supplementation in patients with or at risk of osteoporosis: Position statement from the GRIO [2025]
  • Osteoporosis International
    • Public health impact and economic evaluation of vitamin D-fortified dairy products for fracture prevention in France [2017]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Low Osteoporosis Treatment Initiation Rate in Women after Distal Forearm or Proximal Humerus Fracture: A Healthcare Database Nested Cohort Study [2015]
  • Scientific Reports
    • Adherence with brand versus generic bisphosphonates among osteoporosis patients: a new-user cohort study in the French National Healthcare Insurance database [2020]
• Germany
  • Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde
    • Bone-Targeted Therapy [2015]
  • Injury
    • Association of orthogeriatric co-management with prescription frequencies of anti-osteoporotic drugs in patients with fragility fractures: An observational study with health insurance data [2024]
  • Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care
    • Bisphosphonates, teriparatide and deno-sumab for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis [2023]
• High-income countries
  • American Journal of Medicine
    • Use of osteoporosis medications after hospitalization for hip fracture: a cross-national study [2015]
  • BMJ Open
    • Acceptability of bisphosphonates among patients, clinicians and managers: a systematic review and framework synthesis [2020]
  • Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
    • Etidronate for the primary and secondary prevention of osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women [2024]
• Ibero-America
  • Archives of Osteoporosis
    • Recommendations for the prevention of fragility fractures: a consensus from international experts and Ibero-American scientific societies [2025]
• India
  • Frontiers in Endocrinology
    • Modern India and the Tale of Twin Nutrient Deficiency–Calcium and Vitamin D–Nutrition Trend Data 50 Years-Retrospect, Introspect, and Prospect [2019]
  • Nutrients
    • Vitamin D Deficiency in India: Prevalence, Causalities and Interventions [2014]
• International
  • Age and Ageing
    • Initiation of anti-osteoporosis medication following hip fracture in older adults: a systematic review and thematic synthesis of qualitative studies from patient and healthcare professional perspectives [2025]
  • Annals of Joint
    • Expert consensus on vitamin D in osteoporosis [2025]
  • Archives of Osteoporosis
    • Efficacy and safety of teriparatide vs. bisphosphonates and denosumab vs. bisphosphonates in osteoporosis not previously treated with bisphosphonates: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials [2024]
  • Archives of Public Health
    • A systematic review of evidence-based clinical guidelines for vitamin D screening and supplementation over the last decade [2025]
  • BMJ
    • Calcium, vitamin D, or combined supplementation to prevent fractures and falls: systematic review and meta-analysis [2026]
    • Fracture risk reduction and safety by osteoporosis treatment compared with placebo or active comparator in postmenopausal women: systematic review, network meta-analysis, and meta-regression analysis of randomised clinical trials [2023]
  • BMJ Open
    • Real-world persistence and adherence with oral bisphosphonates for osteoporosis: a systematic review [2019]
  • Bone Reports
    • The efficacy of teriparatide on lumbar spine bone mineral density, vertebral fracture incidence and pain in post-menopausal osteoporotic patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2020]
  • Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
    • Alendronate for the primary and secondary prevention of osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women [2025]
    • Risedronate for the primary and secondary prevention of osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women [2022]
  • Current Osteoporosis Reports
    • Calcium Supplementation- Efficacy and Safety [2025]
    • Nutrition and Osteoporosis Prevention [2024]
  • Drug Design, Development and Therapy
    • Effectiveness of Sequential Treatment with Zoledronic Acid Following Discontinuation of Denosumab in Osteoporosis: A Narrative Review [2025]
  • Drugs & Aging
    • Treatment Considerations for Severe Osteoporosis in Older Adults [2025]
  • Endocrine Practice
    • Antiresorptive Therapy to Reduce Fracture Risk and Effects on Dental Implant Outcomes in Patients With Osteoporosis: A Systematic Review and Osteonecrosis of the Jaw Taskforce Consensus Statement [2025]
  • Endocrine Reviews
    • Management of postmenopausal osteoporosis [2026]
    • Consensus Statement on Vitamin D Status Assessment and Supplementation: Whys, Whens, and Hows [2024]
  • European Journal of Endocrinology
    • Extensive expertise in endocrinology: advances in the management of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis [2023]
    • ENDOCRINOLOGY IN THE TIME OF COVID-19: Management of calcium metabolic disorders and osteoporosis [2020]
  • European Journal of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine
    • Osteoporosis guidelines from a rehabilitation perspective: systematic analysis and quality appraisal using AGREE II [2021]
  • European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases
    • Recommendations for the optimal use of bone forming agents in osteoporosis [2024]
    • Novel formulations of oral bisphosphonates in the treatment of osteoporosis [2022]
    • Management of patients at very high risk of osteoporotic fractures through sequential treatments [2022]
    • Assessment of Cardiovascular Safety of Anti-Osteoporosis Drugs [2020]
    • Determinants, consequences and potential solutions to poor adherence to anti-osteoporosis treatment: results of an expert group meeting organized by the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO) and the International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF) [2019]
    • The role of calcium supplementation in healthy musculoskeletal ageing: An Experts consensus meeting of the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO) and the International Foundation for Osteoporosis (IOF) [2017]
  • Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy
    • Biosimilars in osteoporosis treatment: focus on denosumab [2025]
  • Expert Review of Pharmacoeconomics & Outcomes Research
    • The economic benefits of fracture prevention [2025]
  • Frontiers in Endocrinology
    • Efficacy and safety of abaloparatide, denosumab, teriparatide, oral bisphosphonates, and intravenous bisphosphonates in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis: a systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis [2026]
    • Assessment of the efficacy and safety of anti-sclerostin antibody therapy for osteoporosis in postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials [2026]
    • The effect of non-pharmacological interventions on bone health among patients with low bone mass: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2025]
    • Effects of exercise on bone metabolism in postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials [2025]
    • The Effect of Bisphosphonates on Fracture Healing Time and Changes in Bone Mass Density: A Meta-Analysis [2021]
  • Frontiers in Reproductive Health
    • Impact of menopause hormone therapy, exercise, and their combination on bone mineral density and mental wellbeing in menopausal women: a scoping review [2025]
  • Heliyon
    • Efficacy and safety of zoledronic acid in the treatment of osteoporosis: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials [2024]
  • Integrative Medicine Research
    • What traditional, complementary, and integrative medicine recommendations exist across osteoporosis clinical practice guidelines? A systematic review and quality assessment [2022]
  • International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity
    • Evidence on physical activity and osteoporosis prevention for people aged 65+ years: a systematic review to inform the WHO guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour [2020]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Effects of Multicomponent Exercise Training on the Health of Older Women with Osteoporosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2022]
  • International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases
    • Romosozumab Versus Teriparatide for the Treatment of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis: An Overview of Systematic Reviews With Direct and Indirect Meta-Analyses [2026]
  • International Osteoporosis Foundation
    • Impact of osteoporosis and osteoporosis medications on fracture healing: a narrative review [2024]
    • The global approach to rehabilitation following an osteoporotic fragility fracture: A review of the rehabilitation working group of the International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF) committee of scientific advisors [2022]
    • How has COVID-19 affected the treatment of osteoporosis? An IOF-NOF-ESCEO global survey [2021]
    • International Osteoporosis Foundation and European Calcified Tissue Society Working Group. Recommendations for the screening of adherence to oral bisphosphonates [2017]
    • Global dietary calcium intake among adults: a systematic review [2017]
    • Capture the Fracture: a Best Practice Framework and global campaign to break the fragility fracture cycle [2013]
    • Vitamin D
    • Treatment
    • Prevention
    • Nutrition and lifestyle
    • MHT & SERM
    • Calcium
    • Bisphosphonates
  • Journal of Advanced Research
    • A comprehensive review and advanced biomolecule-based therapies for osteoporosis [2025]
  • Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
    • Health and adverse events associated with extended oral bisphosphonates among postmenopausal women: a systematic review [2026]
  • Journal of Education and Health Promotion
    • Prevention of osteoporosis in menopausal women: A systematic review of nonpharmacological clinical trials [2022]
  • Journal of Frailty & Aging
    • Osteoporosis in Frail Older Adults: Recommendations for Research from the ICFSR Task Force 2020 [2021]
  • Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research
    • Optimal resistance training parameters for improving bone mineral density in postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2025]
  • Lancet Healthy Longevity
    • The effects of anti-osteoporotic medication on fracture healing and outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2026]
  • Medicine
    • Efficacy and safety of denosumab compared with conventional medications in the treatment of osteoporosis: A meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis [2026]
    • Quality assessment of traditional and conventional medicine clinical practice guidelines for osteoporosis [2021]
  • Nature Reviews Rheumatology
    • WHO benchmarks for equitable hip-fracture care and osteoporosis treatment in older people [2026]
  • Nutrients
    • Daily Calcium and Vitamin D Supplementation as a Foundational Pillar in Osteoporosis Management: A Narrative Review [2026]
    • Rethinking Vitamin D Deficiency: Controversies and Practical Guidance for Clinical Management [2025]
    • Effects of Combined Exercise and Calcium/Vitamin D Supplementation on Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2025]
    • Determinants and Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation in Postmenopausal Women: A Systematic Review [2023]
    • Assessment of the Methods Used to Develop Vitamin D and Calcium Recommendations—A Systematic Review of Bone Health Guidelines [2021]
  • Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia
    • Nonpharmacological interventions for osteoporosis treatment: Systematic review of clinical practice guidelines [2019]
  • Osteoporosis International
    • PTH1 receptor agonists for fracture risk: a systematic review and network meta-analysis [2025]
    • Pharmacist interventions in osteoporosis management: a systematic review [2023]
    • Post-fracture care programs for prevention of subsequent fragility fractures: a literature assessment of current trends [2022]
    • Algorithm for the management of patients at low, high and very high risk of osteoporotic fractures [2019]
    • Mind the (treatment) gap: a global perspective on current and future strategies for prevention of fragility fractures [2017]
    • Assessment of health claims in the field of bone: a view of the Group for the Respect of Ethics and Excellence in Science (GREES) [2012]
  • Patient
    • Stated Preferences of At-Risk Populations for the Treatment of Osteoporosis: A Systematic Review [2024]
  • PeerJ
    • Effects of exercise interventions on health-related quality of life in older adults with osteoporosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2026]
    • Effects of dietary supplements on bone turnover markers in women after menopause: a network meta-analysis [2025]
  • PharmacoEconomics
    • An Updated Systematic Review of Cost-Effectiveness Analyses of Drugs for Osteoporosis [2021]
  • PM&R
    • Effects of exercise on bone density and physical performance in postmenopausal women: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2024]
  • Public Health Nutrition
    • 25-Hydroxyvitamin D assay standardisation and vitamin D guidelines paralysis [2020]
  • Sao Paulo Medical Journal
    • Intravenous zoledronate for postmenopausal women with osteopenia and osteoporosis: a systematic review and metanalysis [2023]
  • Science Progress
    • Does alendronate enhance survival rates in osteoporosis patients? A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials [2025]
  • Scientific Reports
    • Comparative safety and effectiveness of alendronate versus raloxifene in women with osteoporosis [2020]
  • Therapeutic Advances in Musculoskeletal Disease
    • Update on the safety and efficacy of teriparatide in the treatment of osteoporosis [2019]
  • Women's Health
    • Estrogen hormone therapy and postmenopausal osteoporosis: does it really take two to tango? [2023]
  • World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies
    • Vertebral augmentation in osteoporotic spine fractures: WFNS Spine Committee recommendations [2022]
    • Decompression and fusion surgery for osteoporotic vertebral fractures: WFNS spine committee recommendations [2022]
• Iran
  • Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
    • Teriparatide in the Treatment of Severe Postmenopausal Osteoporosis: A Cost-Utility Analysis [2019]
  • Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran
    • Cost-effectiveness of teriparatide compared with alendronate and risedronate for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis patients in Iran [2017]
• Ireland
  • Age and Ageing
    • Factors associated with initiation of bone-health medication among older adults in primary care in Ireland [2021]
  • Archives of Osteoporosis
    • Persistence with oral bisphosphonates and denosumab among older adults in primary care in Ireland [2021]
  • British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
    • Utilization and expenditure on medicines for the management of osteoporosis in Ireland: A repeated cross-sectional study [2025]
  • Irish Nutrition and Dietetic Institute
    • Osteoporosis: A Nutrition Fact Sheet for Health Professionals
• Italy
  • Archives of Osteoporosis
    • The essential role of combined calcium and vitamin D supplementation in the osteoporosis scenario in italy: Expert opinion paper [2024]
  • Journal of Orthopaedics and Traumatology
    • Clinical guidelines for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis: summary statements and recommendations from the Italian Society for Orthopaedics and Traumatology [2017]
  • Nutrients
    • Definition, Assessment, and Management of Vitamin D Inadequacy: Suggestions, Recommendations, and Warnings from the Italian Society for Osteoporosis, Mineral Metabolism and Bone Diseases (SIOMMMS) [2022]
    • Italian Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AME) and Italian Chapter of the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE) Position Statement: Clinical Management of Vitamin D Deficiency in Adults [2018]
  • Reumatismo
    • Expert opinion on the management of patients with osteoporosis with anabolic drugs in Italy [2024]
• Japan
  • Archives of Osteoporosis
    • Trends in the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D over a 10-year period in Japan: the research on osteoarthritis/osteoporosis against disability study 2005-2015 [2025]
    • Japanese 2011 guidelines for prevention and treatment of osteoporosis - executive summary [2012]
  • Bone
    • Trends in anti-osteoporosis pharmacotherapy and pharmacological initiation for secondary fracture prevention in Japan, 2017-2023 [2026]
  • Clinical Interventions in Aging
    • Safety and effectiveness of daily teriparatide in a prospective observational study in patients with osteoporosis at high risk of fracture in Japan: final report [2016]
    • Systematic review of raloxifene in postmenopausal Japanese women with osteoporosis or low bone mass (osteopenia) [2014]
  • Endocrine Journal
    • Assessment criteria for vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency in Japan — proposal by an expert panel supported by Research Program of Intractable Diseases, Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, Japan [2016]
  • Journal of Epidemiology
    • Effect of Distributing an Evidence-Based Guideline for Prevention of Osteoporosis on Health Education Programs in Municipal Health Centers: A Randomized Controlled Trial [2012]
  • Journal of Orthopaedic Science
    • Current status of patients with hip fracture in Japan: A nationwide survey [2026]
  • Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia
    • Safety and efficacy in actual clinical practice of once-weekly subcutaneous teriparatide for osteoporosis patients with a high fracture risk [2019]
  • Scientific Reports
    • Prescription of vitamin D was associated with a lower incidence of hip fractures [2023]
• Latin America
  • Archives of Osteoporosis
    • Clinical Practice Guidelines of the Latin American Federation of Endocrinology for the use of vitamin D in the maintenance of bone health: recommendations for the Latin American context [2024]
• Malta
  • Surgery Journal
    • Hip Fractures in Malta: Are we Missing an Opportunity? [2021]
• Mexico
  • PLoS ONE
    • Cost-effectiveness analysis of romosozumab for severe postmenopausal osteoporosis at very high risk of fracture in Mexico [2025]
• Middle East
  • Journal of International Medical Research
    • Middle East experience from the Asia And Latin America Fracture Observational Study (ALAFOS): Baseline characteristics of postmenopausal women with osteoporosis using teriparatide [2020]
• Middle East, North Africa
  • Bone Reports
    • Vitamin D in the Middle East and North Africa [2018]
• Netherlands, Sweden
  • Archives of Osteoporosis
    • Exploring methods for comparing the real-world effectiveness of treatments for osteoporosis: adjusted direct comparisons versus using patients as their own control [2017]
• New Zealand
  • Starship
    • Endocrinology - intravenous bisphosphonate therapy
• Norway
  • Osteoporosis International
    • Time-varying exposure to anti-osteoporosis drugs and risk of first-time hip fracture: a population wide study within the Norwegian Epidemiologic Osteoporosis Studies (NOREPOS) [2023]
    • Does treatment with bisphosphonates protect against fractures in real life? The HUNT study, Norway [2021]
• Republic of Korea
  • BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders
    • Association between osteoporosis under treatment and all-cause and specific-cause mortalities: a nationwide retrospective cohort study in South Korea [2025]
    • Association between the awareness of osteoporosis and the quality of care for bone health among Korean women with osteoporosis [2014]
  • Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery
    • Effects of Osteoporosis Medication Use on Reprocedure Rates Following Vertebral Augmentation: A Nationwide Cohort Study [2025]
  • Endocrinology and Metabolism
    • Comprehensive Evaluation of Treatment Patterns in Postmenopausal Patients with Osteoporosis without Fractures: Insights from Tertiary Care Institutions and Nationwide OMOP-CDM Data [2025]
  • Journal of Bone Metabolism
    • Position Statement: Vitamin D Intake to Prevent Osteoporosis and Fracture in Adults [2022]
    • The Trend in the Sales of Menopausal Hormone and Other Osteoporosis Medications in South Korea from 2016 to 2019 [2021]
    • Position Statement: Exercise Guidelines to Increase Peak Bone Mass in Adolescents [2019]
    • Cost-effectiveness of Pharmaceutical Interventions to Prevent Osteoporotic Fractures in Postmenopausal Women with Osteopenia [2016]
    • Position Statement: Drug Holiday in Osteoporosis Treatment with Bisphosphonates in South Korea [2015]
    • Medication Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw: 2015 Position Statement of the Korean Society for Bone and Mineral Research and the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons [2015]
    • Calcium and Vitamin D Supplementations: 2015 Position Statement of the Korean Society for Bone and Mineral Research [2015]
    • National Healthcare Budget Impact Analysis of the Treatment for Osteoporosis and Fractures in Korea [2013]
  • Journal of Korean Medical Science
    • Factors Associated With Compliance and Persistence With Pharmacotherapy in Patients With Osteoporosis: A Nationwide Cohort Study in Korea [2025]
    • Incidence and Risk of Venous Thromboembolism in Bisphosphonates and Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators Treatment in Korea [2021]
    • Hip and Subtrochanteric or Femoral Shaft Fractures after Bisphosphonate Use in Korean Women, Using Korean National Sample Cohort [2020]
  • Medicina
    • Five-Year Sales Trends of Osteoporosis Medications in Korea: A Market Analysis Based on IMS Health Sales Audit Data (2018-2023) [2025]
  • Nutrients
    • Association of Dietary Total Antioxidant Capacity with Bone Mass and Osteoporosis Risk in Korean Women: Analysis of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008–2011 [2021]
  • Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia
    • The secular trends in the use of medications for osteoporosis in South Korea using Intercontinental Medical Statistics Health Sales Audit 2006–2018 [2020]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Comparison of the Prescribing Pattern of Bisphosphonate and Raloxifene in Korean Women with Osteoporosis: From a National Health Insurance Claims Database [2015]
  • Yonsei Medical Journal
    • Association between Daily Sunlight Exposure and Fractures in Older Korean Adults with Osteoporosis: A Nationwide Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study [2021]
• Saudi Arabia
  • Archives of Osteoporosis
    • Vitamin D status correction in Saudi Arabia: an experts’ consensus under the auspices of the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis, and Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO) [2016]
• Singapore
  • Osteoporosis International
    • Cost-effectiveness of FRAX®-based intervention thresholds for management of osteoporosis in Singaporean women [2021]
• Spain
  • ClinicoEconomics and Outcomes Research
    • Cost-effectiveness of bazedoxifene versus raloxifene in the treatment of postmenopausal women in Spain [2013]
  • Drugs in R&D
    • Identifying and managing patients at high risk for fractures: conclusions from the second Spanish multidisciplinary forum-parathyroid hormone use in osteoporotic patients at high risk for fractures [2012]
  • Medicina Clínica
    • PTH/PTHrP analogues as osteoanabolic treatment in patients with osteoporosis [2025]
  • Nutrients
    • Cholecalciferol or Calcifediol in the Management of Vitamin D Deficiency [2020]
  • Osteoporosis International
    • Contemporary pharmacological management of patients after hip fracture: a population-based cohort of over 120,000 patients in Spain [2025]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Overuse and Underuse of Antiosteoporotic Treatments According to Highly Influential Osteoporosis Guidelines: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study in Spain [2015]
  • Revista Clínica Española (English Edition)
    • Update of the SEIOMM clinical guideline of osteoporosis: abaloparatide [2025]
• Spain, United Kingdom
  • Clinical Epidemiology
    • Comparative anti-fracture effectiveness of different oral anti-osteoporosis therapies based on “real-world” data: a meta-analysis of propensity-matched cohort findings from the UK Clinical Practice Research Database and the Catalan SIDIAP Database [2018]
• Sweden
  • Archives of Osteoporosis
    • Secondary fracture prevention with osteoporosis medication after a fragility fracture in Sweden remains low despite new guidelines [2023]
• Switzerland
  • Archives of Osteoporosis
    • The osteoporosis treatment gap in Switzerland between 1998 and 2018 [2023]
  • Bone
    • Long-term impact of teriparatide on bone mineral density, trabecular bone score, and fracture risk relative to total hip T-score: A two-decade, registry-based cohort study [2025]
  • Swiss Medical Weekly
    • 2020 recommendations for osteoporosis treatment according to fracture risk from the Swiss Association against Osteoporosis (SVGO) [2020]
• Taiwan
  • Aging
    • The association between osteoporosis medications and lowered all-cause mortality after hip or vertebral fracture in older and oldest-old adults: a nationwide population-based study [2022]
  • BMC Geriatrics
    • Adherence to anti-osteoporosis medication associated with lower mortality following hip fracture in older adults: a nationwide propensity score-matched cohort study [2019]
  • Frontiers in Endocrinology
    • Denosumab treatment and infection risks in patients with osteoporosis: propensity score matching analysis of a national-wide population-based cohort study [2023]
  • Journal of Bone and Mineral Research
    • The Impact of Various Anti-Osteoporosis Drugs on All-Cause Mortality After Hip Fractures: A Nationwide Population Study [2022]
  • Journal of the Formosan Medical Association
    • Eleven years secular trend of the initiation of anti-osteoporosis medications and subsequent fractures in Taiwan: From 2008 to 2018 [2023]
    • Clinical practice guidelines for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in Taiwan: 2022 update [2023]
    • The impact of bisphosphonates on mortality and cardiovascular risk among osteoporosis patients after cardiovascular disease [2021]
  • Mayo Clinic Proceedings
    • Long Dosing Intervals of Parenteral Antiosteoporosis Medications and the Decrease in Societal Fracture Risk: An 11-Year Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study [2025]
• Thailand
  • Injury
    • A multidisciplinary approach to post-operative fragility hip fracture care in Thailand - a narrative review [2023]
• Türkiye
  • Nutrients
    • Best Practice Recommendations for the Assessment, Prevention and Treatment of Vitamin D Deficiency in Türkiye: A 2026 Update in a Setting with Limited Mandatory Food Fortification [2026]
  • Osteoporosis International
    • No association of anti-osteoporosis drugs with COVID-19-related outcomes in women: a nationwide cohort study [2021]
• United Kingdom
  • Age and Ageing
    • New national osteoporosis guidance-implications for geriatricians [2022]
  • Archives of Osteoporosis
    • Current approaches to secondary prevention after hip fracture in England and Wales - an analysis of trends between 2016 and 2020 using the National Hip Fracture Database (NHFD) [2023]
  • Bone
    • Trends in oral anti-osteoporosis drug prescription in the United Kingdom between 1990 and 2012: variation by age, sex, geographic location and ethnicity [2017]
  • British Menopause Society
    • Prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in women [2023]
  • Health Technology Assessment
    • Bisphosphonate alternative regimens for the prevention of osteoporotic fragility fractures: BLAST-OFF, a mixed-methods study [2024]
    • Denosumab, raloxifene, romosozumab and teriparatide to prevent osteoporotic fragility fractures: a systematic review and economic evaluation [2020]
    • Exercise or manual physiotherapy compared with a single session of physiotherapy for osteoporotic vertebral fracture: three-arm PROVE RCT [2019]
  • Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research
    • Secondary prevention of osteoporosis in non-neck of femur fragility fractures: is it value for money? A retrospective, prospective and cross-sectional cohort study [2013]
  • Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency
    • Bisphosphonates: use and safety
  • National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
    • Abaloparatide for treating osteoporosis after menopause [2024]
    • Romosozumab for treating severe osteoporosis [2022]
    • COVID-19 rapid guideline: vitamin D [2022]
    • Bisphosphonates for treating osteoporosis [2019]
    • Raloxifene for the primary prevention of osteoporotic fragility fractures in postmenopausal women [2018]
    • Raloxifene and teriparatide for the secondary prevention of osteoporotic fragility fractures in postmenopausal women [2018]
    • Vitamin D: supplement use in specific population groups [2017]
    • Denosumab for the prevention of osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women [2010]
  • National Osteoporosis Guideline Group
    • The 2024 UK clinical guideline for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis [2025]
    • Non-pharmacological management of osteoporosis [2024]
    • Clinical Guideline for the Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis [2024]
    • UK clinical guideline for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis [2022]
  • NHS England
    • Calcium and vitamin D (colecalciferol) preparations for adults at risk of osteoporosis [2023]
  • Office for Health Improvement and Disparities
    • Musculoskeletal health: applying All Our Health
    • Falls and fractures: applying All Our Health
  • Osteoporosis International
    • Geographic variation in secondary fracture prevention after a hip fracture during 1999-2013: a UK study [2017]
    • Anti-osteoporosis drug prescribing after hip fracture in the UK: 2000–2010 [2015]
  • Public Health England
    • Vitamin D supplementation during winter: PHE and NICE statement
  • Royal Osteoporosis Society
    • Supporting patients to get the best from their osteoporosis treatment: a rapid realist review of what works, for whom, and in what circumstance [2022]
    • Strong, steady and straight: UK consensus statement on physical activity and exercise for osteoporosis [2022]
    • Vitamin D and Bone Health: A Practical Clinical Guideline [2020]
    • Effective secondary prevention of fragility fractures: Clinical standards for Fracture Liaison Services [2019]
• United States
  • Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
    • Association Between Outcomes and Dental Services in People Receiving Treatments That Cause Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw: A Rapid Response Review [2025]
    • Screening for Vitamin D Deficiency in Adults: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force [2021]
    • Long-Term Drug Therapy and Drug Holidays for Osteoporosis Fracture Prevention: A Systematic Review [2019]
    • Vitamin D, Calcium, or Combined Supplementation for the Primary Prevention of Fractures in Community-Dwelling Adults: An Evidence Review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force [2018]
    • Changes in Osteoporosis Medication Use and Expenditures among Women (Age >= 50), United States, 2000 to 2011 [2014]
    • Treatment To Prevent Fractures in Men and Women With Low Bone Density or Osteoporosis: Update of a 2007 Report [2012]
  • American Academy of Pediatrics
    • Optimizing Bone Health in Children and Adolescents [2014]
  • American College of Physicians
    • Update Alert: Effectiveness and Safety of Treatments to Prevent Fractures in People With Low Bone Mass or Primary Osteoporosis: A Living Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis for the American College of Physicians [2024]
    • Pharmacologic Treatment of Primary Osteoporosis or Low Bone Mass to Prevent Fractures in Adults: A Living Clinical Guideline From the American College of Physicians (Version 1, Update Alert) [2024]
    • Pharmacologic Treatment of Primary Osteoporosis or Low Bone Mass to Prevent Fractures in Adults: A Living Clinical Guideline From the American College of Physicians [2023]
    • Effectiveness and Safety of Treatments to Prevent Fractures in People With Low Bone Mass or Primary Osteoporosis: A Living Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis for the American College of Physicians [2023]
    • Treatment of Low Bone Density or Osteoporosis to Prevent Fractures in Men and Women [2017]
  • American Journal of Medicine
    • Reconsidering the Benefits of Osteoporosis Treatment: The Case of Bisphosphonates [2024]
  • American Physical Therapy Association
    • Physical Therapist Management of Patients With Suspected or Confirmed Osteoporosis: A Clinical Practice Guideline From the Academy of Geriatric Physical Therapy [2022]
  • American Society for Bone and Mineral Research
    • Goal-directed osteoporosis treatment: ASBMR/BHOF task force position statement 2024 [2024]
    • Secondary Fracture Prevention: Consensus Clinical Recommendations from a Multistakeholder Coalition [2020]
    • Osteoporosis therapeutics: recent developments at ASBMR [2016]
    • Managing Osteoporosis in Patients on Long-Term Bisphosphonate Treatment: Report of a Task Force of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research [2016]
    • Atypical Subtrochanteric and Diaphyseal Femoral Fractures: Second Report of a Task Force of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research [2014]
    • Making the first fracture the last fracture: ASBMR task force report on secondary fracture prevention [2012]
    • Bisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw: Report of a Task Force of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research [2007]
  • Annals of Pharmacotherapy
    • Cost-effectiveness Analysis of Sequential Treatment of Abaloparatide Followed by Alendronate Versus Teriparatide Followed by Alendronate in Postmenopausal Women With Osteoporosis in the United States [2019]
  • Archives of Osteoporosis
    • Shifting bisphosphonate prescribing patterns for fracture prevention: a 24-year national surveillance of men in the U.S. Veterans Health Administration [2026]
    • A comprehensive update on the cost-effectiveness of 10-year denosumab vs alendronate in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis in the United States [2025]
  • Bone Health & Osteoporosis Foundation
    • The clinician's guide to prevention and treatment of osteoporosis [2022]
    • Animal versus plant protein and adult bone health: A systematic review and meta-analysis from the National Osteoporosis Foundation [2018]
    • Lack of Evidence Linking Calcium With or Without Vitamin D Supplementation to Cardiovascular Disease in Generally Healthy Adults: A Clinical Guideline From the National Osteoporosis Foundation and the American Society for Preventive Cardiology [2016]
    • Calcium plus vitamin D supplementation and risk of fractures: an updated meta-analysis from the National Osteoporosis Foundation [2015]
    • Clinician’s Guide to Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis [2014]
  • Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine
    • Teriparatide: Label changes and identifying patients for long-term use [2021]
  • Cureus
    • Profile of Abaloparatide and Its Potential in the Treatment of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis [2017]
  • Current Osteoporosis Reports
    • Parathyroid Hormone and Parathyroid Hormone-related Protein Analogs as Therapies for Osteoporosis [2013]
  • Drug Discovery Today
    • Treating osteoporosis by targeting parathyroid hormone to bone [2014]
  • Endocrine Connections
    • Vitamin D dose response is underestimated by Endocrine Society's Clinical Practice Guideline [2013]
  • Endocrine Practice
    • Comparative Effectiveness of Abaloparatide and Teriparatide in Women 50 Years of Age and Older: Update of a Real-World Retrospective Analysis [2025]
  • Endocrine Society
    • Vitamin D for the Prevention of Disease: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline [2024]
    • Vitamin D Insufficiency and Epistemic Humility: An Endocrine Society Guideline Communication [2024]
    • A Systematic Review Supporting the Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guidelines on Vitamin D [2024]
    • Pharmacological Management of Osteoporosis in Postmenopausal Women: An Endocrine Society Guideline Update [2020]
    • Pharmacological Management of Osteoporosis in Postmenopausal Women: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline [2019]
  • Endotext
    • Osteoporosis: Prevention and Treatment
  • Foundation for the National Institutes of Health
    • The relationship between treatment-related changes in total hip BMD measured after 12, 18, and 24 mo and fracture risk reduction in osteoporosis clinical trials: the FNIH-ASBMR-SABRE project [2024]
    • Pre-treatment bone mineral density and the benefit of pharmacologic treatment on fracture risk and BMD change: analysis from the FNIH-ASBMR SABRE project [2024]
    • Influence of age on the efficacy of pharmacologic treatments on fracture risk reduction and increases in BMD: RCT results from the FNIH-ASBMR-SABRE project [2024]
    • Validation of the Surrogate Threshold Effect for Change in Bone Mineral Density as a Surrogate Endpoint for Fracture Outcomes: The FNIH-ASBMR SABRE Project [2023]
  • Hand
    • Declining Trend in Anti-osteoporotic Treatment, Despite a Rise in DEXA Screening Following "Sentinel" Distal Radius Fractures [2024]
  • Institute for Clinical and Economic Review
    • Osteoporosis
  • Journal of Bone and Mineral Research
    • Temporal Trends and Factors Associated with Bisphosphonate Discontinuation and Restart [2020]
    • Osteoporosis Medication Use After Hip Fracture in U.S. Patients Between 2002 and 2011 [2014]
  • Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
    • Trends in Osteoporosis Drug Therapy Receipt Among Commercial and Medicare Advantage Enrollees in the United States, 2011-2022 [2025]
  • Journal of General Internal Medicine
    • Secular Trends in the Pharmacologic Treatment of Osteoporosis and Malignancy-Related Bone Disease from 2009 to 2020 [2022]
  • Journal of Rheumatology
    • Patient Perceptions of Osteoporosis Treatment Thresholds [2014]
  • Medical Care
    • Duration of Bisphosphonate Drug Holidays and Associated Fracture Risk [2020]
  • Office of Dietary Supplements
    • Calcium - Health Professional Fact Sheet
  • Osteoporosis International
    • Cost-effectiveness of Five Versus Ten Years of Alendronate Treatment Prior to Drug Holiday for Women with Osteoporosis [2020]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Inadequate calcium and vitamin D intake and osteoporosis risk in older Americans living in poverty with food insecurities [2020]
  • Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism
    • Cost-effectiveness of sequential treatment with abaloparatide followed by alendronate vs. alendronate monotherapy in women at increased risk of fracture: A US payer perspective [2020]
  • Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine
    • Recommended Vitamin D Intake and Management of Low Vitamin D Status in Adolescents: A Position Statement of the Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine [2013]
  • StatPearls
    • Zoledronate
    • Denosumab
    • Bisphosphonate
    • Alendronate
    • Abaloparatide
  • U.S. Preventive Services Task Force
    • Vitamin D, Calcium, or Combined Supplementation for the Primary Prevention of Falls and Fractures in Community-Dwelling Adults: Preventive Medication [2024]
    • Vitamin D Deficiency in Adults: Screening [2021]
  • Women's Health
    • Efficacy and safety of estrogen therapy for prevention of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women [2026]
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Osteoporosis: vitamin D
    • Osteoporosis

Osteoporosis: risk factors

• Argentina
  • Archivos argentinos de pediatría
    • Guidelines for the prevention and treatment of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis in pediatrics [2024]
• Asia
  • Asia Pacific Consortium on Osteoporosis
    • Evaluating compliance with the care standard of proactively assessing bone health in patients with diabetes: a pilot audit of practice across Asia by the Asia Pacific Consortium on Osteoporosis (APCO) [2024]
• Australia
  • Australian Journal of General Practice
    • Chronic kidney disease mineral and bone disorder: A guide for general practice [2023]
  • Journal of Clinical Medicine
    • Incidence of Osteoporosis in Primary Care Patients with Atrial Fibrillation Receiving Different Oral Anticoagulants [2022]
• Belgium
  • Belgian Bone Club
    • Prevention and Treatment of Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis in Adults: Consensus Recommendations From the Belgian Bone Club [2022]
• Brazil
  • Brazilian Journal of Nephrology
    • Brazilian Guidelines for Treatment and Assessment of Chronic Kidney Disease – Mineral and Bone Disorders [2021]
  • Revista Brasileira de Reumatologia
    • Guidelines for the prevention and treatment of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis [2012]
• Canada
  • Canadian Association of Gastroenterology
    • Canadian Association of Gastroenterology position statement: Hip fracture and proton pump inhibitor therapy – a 2013 update [2013]
  • Canadian Family Physician
    • Management of bone health in patients with celiac disease [2018]
    • Approach to diagnosing celiac disease in patients with low bone mineral density or fragility fractures [2013]
  • Canadian Paediatric Society
    • Evaluating and optimizing bone health in children with chronic health conditions [2022]
  • Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
    • Approach to the Pediatric Patient With Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis [2025]
  • Osteoporosis International
    • Skeletal health status among patients with chronic hypoparathyroidism: results from the Canadian National Hypoparathyroidism Registry (CNHR) [2025]
• China
  • BMC Geriatrics
    • Osteoporosis risk and its association with all-cause and cause-specific mortality among the elderly: a 16-year nationwide cohort study [2025]
  • Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine
    • Diabetic Osteoporosis: A Review of Its Traditional Chinese Medicinal Use and Clinical and Preclinical Research [2016]
  • Frontiers in Endocrinology
    • Associations between abdominal obesity and the prevalence of fractures among Chinese adults: insights from a nationwide cross-sectional study [2026]
    • Associations of different dietary patterns, bone mineral density, and fracture risk among elderly women: the China Osteoporosis Prevalence Study [2024]
  • Iranian Journal of Public Health
    • Prevalence of Osteoporosis in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in the Chinese Mainland: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2019]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Association between osteoprotegerin gene T950C polymorphism and osteoporosis risk in the Chinese population: Evidence via meta-analysis [2017]
• Colombia
  • Revista Colombiana de Reumatología (English Edition)
    • Clinical practice guideline for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. Colombian Association of Rheumatology, 2023 [2024]
• Denmark
  • Frontiers in Endocrinology
    • The risk of major osteoporotic fractures with GLP-1 receptor agonists when compared to DPP-4 inhibitors: A Danish nationwide cohort study [2022]
• East Asia, Europe
  • Frontiers in Endocrinology
    • Mendelian randomization studies of risk and protective factors for osteoporosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2025]
• Egypt
  • Kidney Diseases
    • Consensus Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Recommendations for the Diagnosis and Treat-To-Target Management of Osteoporosis in Chronic Kidney Disease Stages G4-G5D and Post-transplantation: An Initiative of Egyptian Academy of Bone Health [2022]
• Europe
  • Annales d'Endocrinologie
    • Prevalence, risk factors and management of bone complications in Cushing's syndrome across Europe. Data from the European Registry on Cushing's syndrome (ERCUSYN) [2026]
  • Archives of Osteoporosis
    • Prevalence of FRAX risk factors and the osteoporosis treatment gap among women >= 70 years of age in routine primary care across 8 countries in Europe [2022]
  • European Renal Association
    • Ten tips on how to assess bone health in patients with chronic kidney disease [2024]
    • Multidisciplinary team approach for CKD-associated osteoporosis [2024]
    • European Consensus Statement on the diagnosis and management of osteoporosis in chronic kidney disease stages G4-G5D [2021]
    • Diagnosis and management of osteoporosis in chronic kidney disease stages 4 to 5D: a call for a shift from nihilism to pragmatism [2021]
  • European Society for Medical Oncology
    • Bone health in cancer: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines [2020]
  • European Society of Endocrinology
    • Revised European Society of Endocrinology Clinical Practice Guideline: Treatment of Chronic Hypoparathyroidism in Adults [2025]
    • European Expert Consensus on Practical Management of Specific Aspects of Parathyroid Disorders in Adults and in Pregnancy: Recommendations of the ESE Educational Program of Parathyroid Disorders [2022]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Environmental Substances Associated with Osteoporosis–A Scoping Review [2021]
  • International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health
    • Burden of osteoporosis and costs associated with human biomonitored cadmium exposure in three European countries: France, Spain and Belgium [2021]
• France
  • Annales d'Endocrinologie
    • French expert consensus statement on diagnosis and management of primary hyperparathyroidism [2025]
    • Chapter 7: The different forms of primary hyperparathyroidism at different ages of life: Childhood, pregnancy, lactation, old age [2025]
  • Eating and Weight Disorders
    • Medication for bone loss in female patients with anorexia nervosa: a systematic review and management algorithm [2025]
  • Kidney International Reports
    • Longitudinal Bone Loss Occurs at the Radius in CKD [2021]
• Germany
  • Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics
    • Osteoporotic fractures and subsequent fractures: imminent fracture risk from an analysis of German real-world claims data [2021]
  • Rheumatology International
    • Osteoporosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: trends in the German National Database 2007–2017 [2020]
• High-income countries
  • Diabetic Medicine
    • Association between type 2 diabetes and site-specific fracture risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies including over 13 million participants [2026]
  • Endocrinology and Metabolism
    • Update on Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis: Emerging Therapeutic Strategies - PMC [2026]
• India
  • Frontiers in Nephrology
    • Diagnosis, evaluation and management of osteoporosis in chronic kidney disease: navigating treatment approaches - Indian consensus statement [2025]
  • Lung India
    • Prevalence and correlates of osteoporosis in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients in India [2014]
• International
  • Actas Españolas de Psiquiatría
    • Osteoporosis and Fracture Risk Associated with Novel Antidepressants: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2024]
  • Annals of Medicine
    • Association between anaemia and osteoporosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2026]
  • BMC Endocrine Disorders
    • Effects of levothyroxine therapy on bone and mineral metabolism in hypothyroidism: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2025]
    • Prevalence of osteoporosis in patients with diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies [2023]
  • BMC Gastroenterology
    • Prevalent osteoporosis and fracture risk in patients with hepatic cirrhosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2025]
  • BMJ Open
    • Epidemiology and factors associated with osteoporosis, falls and fractures in patients with chronic inflammatory rheumatic disease: a scoping review [2025]
  • Bone
    • Management of osteoporosis in Parkinson's disease: A scoping review [2026]
    • Associations between osteoporosis and drug exposure: A post-marketing study of the World Health Organization pharmacovigilance database (VigiBase®) [2021]
  • Bone Research
    • Twelve years of GWAS discoveries for osteoporosis and related traits: advances, challenges and applications [2021]
  • Clinical and Experimental Dermatology
    • Psoriasis and osteoporosis: a literature review [2022]
  • Clinical and Experimental Medicine
    • Global and regional prevalence of osteoporosis in kidney transplant recipients: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2025]
  • Clinical and Translational Gastroenterology
    • Prevalence of Osteopathy in Chronic Pancreatitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2023]
  • Clinical Infectious Diseases
    • Recommendations for Evaluation and Management of Bone Disease in HIV [2015]
  • Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology
    • Bone and Mineral Disease in Kidney Transplant Recipients [2022]
  • Clinical Kidney Journal
    • Management of osteoporosis in chronic kidney disease [2025]
  • Clinical Nutrition
    • Risk of osteopaenia, osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures in patients with chronic pancreatitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2023]
  • Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
    • Treatment for osteoporosis in people with beta-thalassaemia [2023]
  • COPD: Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
    • Relationship Between Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Osteoporosis: A Scoping Review [2024]
  • Current Osteoporosis Reports
    • Bridging Genomic Research Disparities in Osteoporosis GWAS: Insights for Diverse Populations [2025]
  • Endocrine
    • A review and perspective on the assessment, management and prevention of fragility fractures in patients with osteoporosis and chronic kidney disease [2021]
    • Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis: an update [2018]
  • European Journal of Endocrinology
    • Hysterectomy, oophorectomy, and bone health: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2025]
  • Frontiers in Endocrinology
    • Association of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease with bone health in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies [2026]
    • Comparative efficacy and safety of anti-osteoporotic therapies for kidney transplant recipients: a systematic review and network meta-analysis [2025]
    • Identification of osteoporosis genes using family studies [2024]
    • When to Start and Stop Bone-Protecting Medication for Preventing Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis [2021]
  • Frontiers in Immunology
    • Global prevalence, site-specific patterns, and key risk factors for osteoporosis and bone loss in systemic lupus erythematosus: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2026]
    • Osteoporosis and fractures in systemic vasculitides: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2025]
  • Frontiers in Pharmacology
    • Efficacy of Osteoporosis Medications for Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease: An Updated Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis [2022]
  • Frontiers in Physiology
    • Pathophysiology of bone disease in chronic kidney disease: from basics to renal osteodystrophy and osteoporosis [2023]
  • Indian Journal of Orthopaedics
    • Demystifying the Risk Factors and Preventive Measures for Osteoporosis [2023]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Association between Environmental Cadmium Exposure and Osteoporosis Risk in Postmenopausal Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2023]
  • International Journal of Molecular Sciences
    • Bone Fragility in Gastrointestinal Disorders [2022]
    • Osteoporosis in Patients with Chronic Kidney Diseases: A Systemic Review [2020]
    • Bone Diseases in Patients with Chronic Liver Disease [2019]
  • International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
    • Caffeine consumption as a potential risk factor of osteoporosis development among night shift workers: epidemiological evidences and hypothesis [2025]
  • International Osteoporosis Foundation
    • Biochemical Markers of Bone Fragility in Patients with Diabetes. A Narrative Review by the IOF and the ECTS [2023]
    • Osteoporosis management in hematologic stem cell transplant recipients: Executive summary [2021]
    • Bone health in childhood cancer: review of the literature and recommendations for the management of bone health in childhood cancer survivors [2019]
    • Diagnosis and management of bone fragility in diabetes: an emerging challenge [2018]
    • Patients at high risk of fracture
  • Journal of Bone Metabolism
    • Intervention Thresholds for Treatment in Patients with Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis: Systematic Review of Guidelines [2020]
  • Journal of Bone Oncology
    • Management of bone metastasis and cancer treatment-induced bone loss during the COVID-19 pandemic: An international perspective and recommendations [2021]
  • Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine
    • Genetics and Vitamin D Interactions in Osteoporosis: A Path to Precision Medicine [2025]
  • Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
    • Bone Health in Adults With Prader–Willi Syndrome: Clinical Recommendations Based on a Multicenter Cohort Study [2023]
  • Journal of Clinical Medicine
    • Evaluating Osteoporosis in Chronic Kidney Disease: Both Bone Quantity and Quality Matter [2024]
  • Journal of Eating Disorders
    • Associations between bone mineral density, body composition and amenorrhoea in females with eating disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2022]
  • Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition
    • Prevalence of osteoporosis in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2025]
  • Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research
    • Association of dietary patterns with osteoporosis risk: a meta-analysis of observational studies [2025]
    • AI algorithms for accurate prediction of osteoporotic fractures in patients with diabetes: an up-to-date review [2023]
  • Journal of Rheumatology
    • Metaanalysis Reveals Genetic Correlates of Osteoporosis Pathogenesis [2021]
  • KDIGO
    • Chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder: conclusions from a Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Controversies Conference [2025]
    • CKD-Mineral and Bone Disorder (CKD-MBD)
  • Kidney and Blood Pressure Research
    • Efficacy and Safety of Anti-Osteoporotic Agents across CKD Stages: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials [2024]
  • Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology
    • Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis: novel concepts and clinical implications [2025]
  • Medicine
    • The effects of steroid treatment on osteoporosis in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2026]
    • Association of type 2 diabetes with osteoporosis and fracture risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2025]
    • The association of OPG polymorphisms with risk of osteoporotic fractures [2021]
  • Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental
    • Best practice recommendations for the diagnosis and management of hypoparathyroidism [2025]
  • Nature Reviews Endocrinology
    • A road map for understanding molecular and genetic determinants of osteoporosis [2020]
  • Neurology
    • Bisphosphonates in Glucocorticoid-Treated Patients With Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: A Systematic Review and Grading of the Evidence [2024]
  • Nutrients
    • Ultra-Processed Food and Its Impact on Bone Health and Joint Diseases: A Scoping Review [2025]
  • Nutrition Journal
    • Prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia in men and premenopausal women with celiac disease: a systematic review [2019]
  • Osteoporosis International
    • Exploring the natural history of bone mineral density in Duchenne muscular dystrophy: a systematic literature review [2025]
    • Management of osteoporosis in patients with chronic kidney disease [2022]
    • Primary hyperparathyroidism: review and recommendations on evaluation, diagnosis, and management. A Canadian and international consensus [2017]
  • Pathogens
    • Bone Loss and Fractures in Post-Menopausal Women Living with HIV: A Narrative Review [2024]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Efficacy and safety of 18 anti-osteoporotic drugs in the treatment of patients with osteoporosis caused by glucocorticoid: A network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials [2020]
    • Bone fracture among people living with HIV: A systematic review and meta-regression of prevalence, incidence, and risk factors [2020]
    • Clinical Guidelines for Management of Bone Health in Rett Syndrome Based on Expert Consensus and Available Evidence [2016]
  • Rheumatology Advances in Practice
    • The therapeutic efficacy of denosumab for the loss of bone mineral density in glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis: a meta-analysis [2020]
  • Scientific Reports
    • The prevalence of osteoporosis in rheumatoid arthritis patient: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2022]
  • World Journal of Gastroenterology
    • Burden of bone disease in chronic pancreatitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2023]
    • Systematic review of the prevalence and development of osteoporosis or low bone mineral density and its risk factors in patients with inflammatory bowel disease [2020]
• Israel
  • Frontiers in Endocrinology
    • Zoledronic acid and denosumab are associated with similar fracture incidence and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes: a population-based cohort study [2025]
• Italy
  • Aging Clinical and Experimental Research
    • Bone status in patients with chronic hypoparathyroidism: results from the Italian HypoparaNET database [2025]
  • Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases
    • Validation of the clinical consensus recommendations on the management of fracture risk in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes [2023]
• Japan
  • Acta Medica Okayama
    • Guideline-based Treatment of Glucocorticoid-induced Osteoporosis in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Retrospective Study with the AORA Registry [2021]
  • Bone Reports
    • Genetic risk score based on the prevalence of vertebral fracture in Japanese women with osteoporosis [2016]
  • Clinical and Experimental Nephrology
    • Real-world fracture risk, osteoporosis treatment status, and mortality of Japanese non-dialysis patients with chronic kidney disease stages G3-5 [2024]
  • Endocrine Journal
    • Clinical approaches to osteoporosis in patients with chronic kidney disease: A comprehensive review [2025]
  • Internal Medicine
    • Management of Osteoporosis in Chronic Kidney Disease [2017]
  • Journal of Bone and Mineral Research
    • The 2023 Guidelines for the management and treatment of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis [2024]
  • Journal of Osteoporosis
    • Treatment of Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis and Risk Factors for New Vertebral Fractures in Female Patients with Autoimmune Diseases [2021]
  • Scientific Reports
    • Relationship between antidementia medication and fracture prevention in patients with Alzheimer's dementia using a nationwide health insurance claims database [2023]
• Netherlands
  • Drugs & Aging
    • Pharmacological Management of Osteoporosis in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients: A Review of the Literature and Practical Guide [2019]
  • Osteoporosis International
    • Increase in prophylaxis of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis by pharmacist feedback: a randomised controlled trial [2013]
  • Respiratory Research
    • Fracture prevention in COPD patients; a clinical 5-step approach [2015]
• New Zealand
  • Starship
    • Bone health and calcium metabolism in paediatric oncology
• Norway
  • Archives of Osteoporosis
    • Initiation of anti-osteoporotic drugs in high-risk female patients starting glucocorticoid treatment: a population study in Norway [2020]
  • Journal of Bone and Mineral Research
    • The Association of Cold Ambient Temperature With Fracture Risk and Mortality: National Data From Norway-A Norwegian Epidemiologic Osteoporosis Studies (NOREPOS) Study [2022]
• Poland
  • Endokrynologia Polska
    • Treatment of hypoparathyroidism (HypoPT): Position Statement of the Expert Group for Polish Society of Endocrinology - update 2026 [2026]
• Republic of Korea
  • Archives of Osteoporosis
    • Association between blood cadmium levels and the risk of osteopenia and osteoporosis in Korean post-menopausal women [2021]
  • BMC Public Health
    • Incidence of osteoporosis and ambient air pollution in South Korea: a population-based retrospective cohort study [2021]
  • BMC Women's Health
    • Association between body mass index and fragility fracture in postmenopausal women: a cross-sectional study using Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008–2009 (KNHANES IV) [2021]
  • Endocrinology and Metabolism
    • A Comparative Evaluation of Three Time-to-Event Models Predicting 5-Year Osteoporosis Risk in Thyroid Cancer Survivors: A Nationwide Cohort Study [2026]
    • Evaluation and Management of Bone Health in Patients with Thyroid Diseases: A Position Statement of the Korean Thyroid Association [2023]
    • Update on Glucocorticoid Induced Osteoporosis [2021]
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • Tuberculosis and osteoporotic fracture risk: development of individualized fracture risk estimation prediction model using a nationwide cohort study [2024]
  • Genes
    • MYLK and PTGS1 Genetic Variations Associated with Osteoporosis and Benign Breast Tumors in Korean Women [2021]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Associations between Long-Term Air Pollution Exposure and Risk of Osteoporosis-Related Fracture in a Nationwide Cohort Study in South Korea [2022]
    • Association between Osteoporosis and Low Hemoglobin Levels: A Nested Case–Control Study Using a National Health Screening Cohort [2021]
    • Association between Peptic Ulcer Disease and Osteoporosis: The Population-Based Longitudinal Cohort Study in Korea [2019]
  • International Journal of Medical Sciences
    • Genome-Wide Association Study of Osteoporosis Risk in Korean Pre-Menopausal Women: The Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study [2025]
  • International Journal of Molecular Sciences
    • Genome-Wide Association Study of Osteoporosis Risk in Korean Pre-Menopausal Women: The Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study [2025]
  • JAMA Network Open
    • Association of Female Reproductive Factors With Incidence of Fracture Among Postmenopausal Women in Korea [2021]
  • Journal of Bone Metabolism
    • Korean Guideline for the Prevention and Treatment of Glucocorticoid-induced Osteoporosis [2018]
  • Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle
    • Incidence of hip fracture in underweight individuals: a nationwide population-based cohort study in Korea [2022]
  • Journal of Korean Medical Science
    • The Impact of Persistent Low Weight Status on the Occurrence of Vertebral Fractures: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study [2023]
    • Fracture Risk in Middle-Aged and Older Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Korean Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study [2023]
    • The Epidemiology of Fracture in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke in Korea [2019]
  • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
    • Association Between Parity and Low Bone Density Among Postmenopausal Korean Women [2021]
  • Korean Journal of Internal Medicine
    • Are glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis recommendations sufficient to determine antiosteoporotic treatment for patients with rheumatoid arthritis? [2014]
  • Medicina
    • Status of Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis Preventive Care in Korea: A Retrospective Cohort Study on the Korean National Health Insurance Service Database [2022]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Association of gamma-glutamyl transferase variability with risk of osteoporotic fractures: A nationwide cohort study [2023]
    • Age at First Delivery and Osteoporosis Risk in Korean Postmenopausal Women: The 2008–2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) [2015]
  • Preventive Medicine
    • Association of long-term exposure to ambient air pollution with osteoporosis among cancer survivors: Results from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey [2025]
  • Scientific Reports
    • Association of higher potency statin use with risk of osteoporosis and fractures in patients with stroke in a Korean nationwide cohort study [2024]
    • Sex-specific bi-directional association between osteoporosis and depression from the national representative data of South Korea [2022]
    • Severity of underweight and risk of fracture: a Korean nationwide population-based cohort study [2022]
    • Use of serotonin reuptake inhibitors and risk of subsequent bone loss in a nationwide population-based cohort study [2021]
• Romania
  • PLoS ONE
    • Polymorphisms of FDPS, LRP5, SOST and VKORC1 genes and their relation with osteoporosis in postmenopausal Romanian women [2019]
• Saudi Arabia
  • Genes
    • Association of RANKL and OPG Gene Polymorphism in Arab Women with and without Osteoporosis [2021]
  • Saudi Medical Journal
    • Celiac disease-related osteopathy among Saudi celiac patients: Are we adherent to recommendations? [2017]
• Spain
  • Endocrinología y Nutrición (English Edition)
    • Clinical practice guidelines for evaluation and treatment of osteoporosis associated to endocrine and nutritional conditions [2012]
  • Nefrología
    • Osteoporosis management in patients with chronic kidney disease (ERCOS Study): A challenge in nephrological care [2024]
  • Sociedad Española de Nefrologia
    • Recommendations of the Spanish Society of Nephrology for the management of mineral and bone metabolism disorders in patients with chronic kidney disease: 2021 (SEN-MM) [2023]
    • Spanish Society of Nephrology recommendations for controlling mineral and bone disorders in chronic kidney disease patients (S.E.N.-M.B.D.) [2011]
  • Sociedad Española de Oncología Médica
    • Bone health in patients with cancer: a SEOM-SEIOMM consensus review of risk factors, assessment strategies, and management approaches [2026]
• Sweden
  • Journal of Bone and Mineral Research
    • Increased risk of vertebral fractures and reduced risk of femur fractures in patients with chronic hypoparathyroidism: a nationwide cohort study in Sweden [2025]
  • Journal of Internal Medicine
    • Increased risk of osteoporotic fractures and osteoporosis in patients with Addison's disease in Sweden: A nationwide population-based cohort study [2025]
  • Osteoporosis International
    • Eating disorders are associated with increased risk of fall injury and fracture in Swedish men and women [2022]
  • PLoS Medicine
    • Risk of fracture in adults with type 2 diabetes in Sweden: A national cohort study [2023]
• Switzerland
  • Journal of Infectious Diseases
    • Association of a Polygenic Risk Score With Osteoporosis in People Living With HIV: The Swiss HIV Cohort Study [2023]
  • Medicine
    • Widely differing screening and treatment practice for osteoporosis in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases in the Swiss IBD cohort study [2017]
  • Swiss Medical Weekly
    • Bone health in patients with inflammatory bowel disease [2024]
• Taiwan
  • BMJ Open
    • Do patients with nephrotic syndrome have an increased risk of osteoporosis? A nationwide population-based retrospective cohort study in Taiwan [2024]
  • International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
    • Prescription Patterns in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Osteoporosis [2021]
  • International Journal of Medical Sciences
    • Environmental Lead Exposure Predicts Lower Bone Mineral Density in a Large Taiwanese Population-Based Study [2025]
    • Association of Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5) and Wet-Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT) with Osteoporosis Incidence: A Nationwide Prospective Cohort Study [2025]
  • Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health
    • Epidemiology of Osteoporosis in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Taiwan [2024]
  • Medicine
    • Consensus recommendations on managing the selected comorbidities including cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, and interstitial lung disease in rheumatoid arthritis [2022]
    • Beyond bone mineral density, FRAX-based tailor-made intervention thresholds for therapeutic decision in subjects on glucocorticoid [2017]
  • Nutrients
    • Iron Deficiency Anemia as a Risk Factor for Osteoporosis in Taiwan: A Nationwide Population-Based Study [2017]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Association between type 2 diabetes and osteoporosis risk: A representative cohort study in Taiwan [2021]
  • Scientific Reports
    • Evaluating the association of osteoporosis with inhaled corticosteroid use in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Taiwan [2021]
  • Tzu-Chi Medical Journal
    • The molecular etiology and treatment of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis [2021]
  • Viruses
    • Human Papillomavirus Infections and Increased Risk of Incident Osteoporosis: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study [2023]
• Türkiye
  • Archives of Osteoporosis
    • Clinical features of osteoporosis in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes in Türkiye: A nationwide study [2026]
• United Kingdom
  • Age and Ageing
    • Assessment and management of fracture risk in patients with Parkinson's disease [2015]
  • BMJ Open
    • Predicting fracture risk in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a UK-based population-based cohort study [2019]
  • British Association for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition
    • BIFA Guidelines for the prevention and treatment of metabolic bone disease in patients with chronic intestinal failure [2024]
  • British Journal of Hospital Medicine
    • Osteoporosis and Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Review of Current Understanding and Practice [2024]
  • British Society for Haematology
    • The prevention of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis in patients with immune thrombocytopenia receiving steroids: a British Society for Haematology Good Practice Paper [2019]
  • Health and Social Care Delivery Research
    • The implications of competing risks and direct treatment disutility in cardiovascular disease and osteoporotic fracture: risk prediction and cost effectiveness analysis [2024]
  • Health Technology Assessment
    • Bisphosphonates to reduce bone fractures in stage 3B+ chronic kidney disease: a propensity score-matched cohort study [2021]
  • International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
    • Management of Fracture Risk in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): Building a UK Consensus Through Healthcare Professional and Patient Engagement [2020]
  • npj Primary Care Respiratory Medicine
    • A retrospective database study of oral corticosteroid and bisphosphonate prescribing patterns in England [2020]
  • Royal Osteoporosis Society
    • Opportunities and Challenges in Functional Genomics Research in Osteoporosis: Report From a Workshop Held by the Causes Working Group of the Osteoporosis and Bone Research Academy of the Royal Osteoporosis Society on October 5th 2020 [2021]
• United States
  • American College of Rheumatology
    • 2022 American College of Rheumatology Guideline for the Prevention and Treatment of Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis [2022]
    • Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis Clinical Practice Guidelines
  • American Gastroenterological Association
    • American Gastroenterological Association medical position statement: guidelines on osteoporosis in gastrointestinal diseases [2003]
    • AGA technical review on osteoporosis in gastrointestinal diseases [2003]
  • American Journal of Kidney Diseases
    • Diagnosis and Management of Osteoporosis in Advanced Kidney Disease: A Review [2022]
  • American Society of Clinical Oncology
    • Management of Osteoporosis in Survivors of Adult Cancers With Nonmetastatic Disease: ASCO Clinical Practice Guideline [2019]
  • Archives of Osteoporosis
    • Predictors of imminent risk of fracture in Medicare-enrolled men and women [2020]
    • Osteoporosis in Colorectal Cancer Survivors: Analysis of the Linkage between SWOG Trial Enrollees and Medicare Claims [2019]
  • Arthritis Care & Research
    • United States Adults Meeting 2010 American College of Rheumatology Criteria for Treatment and Prevention of Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis [2014]
  • Bone Health & Osteoporosis Foundation
    • The National Osteoporosis Foundation’s position statement on peak bone mass development and lifestyle factors: a systematic review and implementation recommendations [2016]
  • Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine
    • Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis: Insights for the clinician [2020]
  • Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology
    • Management of Osteoporosis in CKD [2018]
  • Cureus
    • Osteoporosis, an Inevitable Circumstance of Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review [2021]
  • Current Osteoporosis Reports
    • Genetic Evaluation for Monogenic Disorders of Low Bone Mass and Increased Bone Fragility: What Clinicians Need to Know [2024]
  • Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases
    • Association between post-stroke disability and 5-year hip-fracture risk: The Women’s Health Initiative [2020]
  • Open Forum Infectious Diseases
    • Bone Mineral Density Screening Among People With HIV: A Population-Based Analysis in the United States [2021]
  • Scientific Reports
    • Correlation between sedentary activity, physical activity and bone mineral density and fat in America: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2011-2018 [2023]
    • Trends in osteoporosis and mean bone density among type 2 diabetes patients in the US from 2005 to 2014 [2021]
  • Scientific World Journal
    • Low Body Mass Index Can Identify Majority of Osteoporotic Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients Missed by Current Guidelines [2012]
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Osteoporosis: screening, diagnosis
    • Osteoporosis
    • Breast cancer treatment

Osteoporosis: screening, diagnosis

• Asia, Europe
  • Osteoporosis International
    • Osteoporosis case ascertainment strategies in European and Asian countries: a comparative review [2021]
• Australia
  • Australian Family Physician
    • Bone turnover markers [2013]
  • Australian Journal of General Practice
    • Personalised assessment of fracture risk: Which tool to use? [2022]
    • Fracture risk prediction and the decision to treat low bone density [2021]
  • Australian Prescriber
    • Diagnostic tests: Bone mineral density: testing for osteoporosis [2016]
  • Royal Australian College of General Practitioners
    • Measurement of Bone Mineral Density
    • Assessment of absolute fracture risk
• Canada
  • Canadian Association of Radiologists
    • CAR Practice Guideline on Bone Mineral Densitometry Reporting: 2024 Update [2025]
    • Canadian Association of Radiologists Technical Standards for Bone Mineral Densitometry Reporting [2013]
  • Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal
    • Fracture Risk Assessment in the 2023 Osteoporosis Canada Guideline [2025]
  • Canadian Family Physician
    • Screening for primary prevention of fragility fractures [2023]
  • Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care
    • Screening for the primary prevention of fragility fractures among adults aged 40 years and older in primary care: systematic reviews of the effects and acceptability of screening and treatment, and the accuracy of risk prediction tools [2023]
    • Recommendations on screening for primary prevention of fragility fractures [2023]
    • Fragility Fractures (2023) [2023]
  • CMAJ Open
    • Impact of a change in physician reimbursement on bone mineral density testing in Ontario, Canada: a population-based study [2014]
  • Osteoporosis International
    • Quality of fracture risk assessment in post-fracture care in Ontario, Canada [2012]
• Canada, United States
  • Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
    • Screening for Osteoporosis in Nonagenarians: A Scoping Review [2025]
• China
  • Frontiers in Endocrinology
    • Application value of FRAX in high-altitude areas in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2026]
  • Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery
    • Fine-tuning the cutpoint T-score as an epidemiological index with high specificity for osteoporosis: methodological considerations for the Chinese population [2022]
    • Estimations of bone mineral density defined osteoporosis prevalence and cutpoint T-score for defining osteoporosis among older Chinese population: a framework based on relative fragility fracture risks [2022]
    • Chinese expert consensus on the diagnosis of osteoporosis by imaging and bone mineral density [2020]
  • Scientific Reports
    • Risk analysis for subsequent fracture of osteoporotic fractures in Chinese women over age 60: a nationwide cross-sectional study [2024]
• Denmark
  • Journal of Clinical Densitometry
    • The Danish Nationwide osteoporosis cohort trials environment (NOCTE) - a DXA dataset for the 1900-1960 birth cohort [2026]
• East Asia
  • Bone
    • Opportunistic screening for osteoporosis using chest X-rays and deep learning: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2026]
• Europe
  • European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases
    • Radiofrequency echographic multi spectrometry (REMS) in the diagnosis and management of osteoporosis: state of the art [2024]
    • Radiofrequency echographic multi-spectrometry for the in-vivo assessment of bone strength: state of the art—outcomes of an expert consensus meeting organized by the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO) [2019]
    • Identification and management of patients at increased risk of osteoporotic fracture: outcomes of an ESCEO expert consensus meeting [2017]
    • Trabecular bone score (TBS) as a new complementary approach for osteoporosis evaluation in clinical practice [2015]
• Germany
  • Aging Clinical and Experimental Research
    • Cost-effectiveness of opportunistic osteoporosis screening using chest radiographs with deep learning in Germany [2025]
• High-income countries
  • Mayo Clinic Proceedings
    • Making VFA Part of Standard Clinical DXA Assessment for Osteoporosis Care: Recommendations From the International Working Group on DXA Best Practices [2025]
• International
  • Aging Clinical and Experimental Research
    • Radiofrequency echographic multi spectrometry (REMS) in the diagnosis and management of osteoporosis: state of the art [2024]
  • Annals of Medicine
    • Association of body mass index and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2025]
  • BioMedical Engineering OnLine
    • Machine learning algorithms for diagnosis of hip bone osteoporosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis study [2023]
  • BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders
    • Performance of clinical prediction models for identifying postmenopausal osteoporosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2026]
    • The correlation between bone mineral density measured at the forearm and at the lumbar spine or femoral neck: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2025]
    • Diagnostic accuracy of deep learning in prediction of osteoporosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2024]
  • Calcified Tissue International
    • Impact of femoral neck and lumbar spine BMD discordances on FRAX probabilities in women; a meta-analysis of international cohorts [2014]
  • Current Rheumatology Reports
    • Updates on the Role of DXA in the Evaluation and Monitoring of Osteoporosis [2025]
  • Dentomaxillofacial Radiology
    • Deep learning for osteoporosis screening in dental practice: a systematic review [2026]
  • European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
    • Updated practice guideline for dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) [2025]
  • European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases
    • Update on the role of bone turnover markers in the diagnosis and management of osteoporosis: a consensus paper from The European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO), International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF), and International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (IFCC) [2025]
    • Update on the clinical use of trabecular bone score (TBS) in the management of osteoporosis: results of an expert group meeting organized by the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO), and the International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF) under the auspices of WHO Collaborating Center for Epidemiology of Musculoskeletal Health and Aging [2023]
    • Algorithm for the Use of Biochemical Markers of Bone Turnover in the Diagnosis, Assessment and Follow-Up of Treatment for Osteoporosis [2019]
  • Frontiers in Endocrinology
    • Comparative analysis of bone density measurement techniques: a systematic review of quantitative ultrasound and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry [2026]
  • Insights into Imaging
    • A critical appraisal of the quality of adult dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry guidelines in osteoporosis using the AGREE II tool: An EuroAIM initiative [2017]
  • International Osteoporosis Foundation
    • Guidelines for the correct use of the nomenclature of biochemical indices of bone status: a position statement of the Joint IOF Working Group and IFCC Committee on Bone Metabolism [2024]
    • The need to distinguish intervention thresholds and diagnostic thresholds in the management of osteoporosis [2023]
    • Population screening for fracture risk in postmenopausal women - a logical step in reducing the osteoporotic fracture burden? [2022]
    • Is it time to consider population screening for fracture risk in postmenopausal women? A position paper from the International Osteoporosis Foundation Epidemiology/Quality of Life Working Group [2022]
    • Vertebral fracture: epidemiology, impact and use of DXA vertebral fracture assessment in fracture liaison services [2021]
    • FRAX and ethnicity [2021]
    • Validation of the IOF quality of life questionnaire for patients with wrist fracture [2009]
    • Diagnosis
  • International Society for Clinical Densitometry
    • Bone densitometry worldwide: a global survey by the ISCD and IOF [2020]
    • Executive Summary of the 2019 ISCD Position Development Conference on Monitoring Treatment, DXA Cross-calibration and Least Significant Change, Spinal Cord Injury, Peri-prosthetic and Orthopedic Bone Health, Transgender Medicine, and Pediatrics [2019]
    • Best Practices for Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry Measurement and Reporting: International Society for Clinical Densitometry Guidance [2016]
    • Official Positions
  • Journal of Endocrinological Investigation
    • A systematic review on the performance of fracture risk assessment tools: FRAX, DeFRA, FRA-HS [2023]
  • Journal of International Medical Research
    • Deep learning in the radiologic diagnosis of osteoporosis: a literature review [2024]
  • Journal of Medical Internet Research
    • The Diagnostic Value of Image-Based Machine Learning for Osteoporosis: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2026]
  • Mayo Clinic Proceedings
    • Osteoporotic Fractures: Diagnosis, Evaluation, and Significance From the International Working Group on DXA Best Practices [2024]
  • Osteoporosis International
    • Harmonization of commercial assays for PINP; the way forward [2020]
    • Guidelines for Assessment of Bone Density and Microarchitecture In Vivo Using High-Resolution Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography [2020]
  • Pathology
    • Proposed common reference intervals for reference bone turnover markers in osteoporosis [2026]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Screening for osteoporosis: A systematic assessment of the quality and content of clinical practice guidelines, using the AGREE II instrument and the IOM Standards for Trustworthy Guidelines [2018]
  • University of Sheffield
    • FRAX®
  • World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies
    • Osteoporotic vertebral fractures: radiologic diagnosis, clinical and radiologic factors affecting surgical decision making: WFNS spine committee recommendations [2022]
• Ireland
  • BMJ Open
    • The Irish dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) Health Informatics Prediction (HIP) for Osteoporosis Project [2020]
• Japan
  • Clinica Chimica Acta
    • Executive summary of the Japan Osteoporosis Society Guide for the Use of Bone Turnover Markers in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Osteoporosis (2018 Edition) [2019]
• Kuwait
  • Osteoporosis International
    • FRAX- vs. T-score-based intervention thresholds for osteoporosis [2017]
• Kyrgyzstan
  • Archives of Osteoporosis
    • A surrogate FRAX model for the Kyrgyz Republic [2020]
• Malaysia
  • Archives of Osteoporosis
    • Screening and management of osteoporosis: a survey of knowledge, attitude and practice among primary care physicians in Malaysia [2022]
  • Mædica
    • Screening and Diagnosing Osteoporosis Among Postmenopausal Women in Primary Care Settings in Malaysia: A Systematic Review [2022]
• Netherlands
  • Osteoporosis International
    • Effect of implementation of guidelines on assessment and diagnosis of vertebral fractures in patients older than 50 years with a recent non-vertebral fracture [2017]
• Pakistan
  • Archives of Osteoporosis
    • A surrogate FRAX model for Pakistan [2021]
• Republic of Korea
  • Annals of Laboratory Medicine
    • Current Recommendations for Laboratory Testing and Use of Bone Turnover Markers in Management of Osteoporosis [2012]
  • Archives of Osteoporosis
    • Impact of bone mineral density testing in the national health screening program on osteoporosis-related medical visits and fractures among women [2026]
  • Journal of Bone Metabolism
    • Osteoporotic Fracture: 2015 Position Statement of the Korean Society for Bone and Mineral Research [2015]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Development of a Korean Fracture Risk Score (KFRS) for Predicting Osteoporotic Fracture Risk: Analysis of Data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service [2016]
• Saudi Arabia
  • BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders
    • Importance of osteoporosis screening in the perimenopausal age [2025]
  • Clinical Interventions in Aging
    • Osteoporosis Screening in Primary Care: Early Implementation Gaps Following the 2023 Saudi Guideline Update [2026]
• Singapore
  • Archives of Osteoporosis
    • Use of age-dependent FRAX-based intervention thresholds for Singapore [2020]
• Sri Lanka
  • Frontiers in Endocrinology
    • Sex and age specific bone mineral density trends in Sri Lankan adults support the need for normative reference data [2026]
• Taiwan
  • Frontiers in Endocrinology
    • Osteoporosis self-assessment tool for Asians and calcaneal quantitative ultrasound for identifying primary osteoporosis in Taiwanese postmenopausal women [2025]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Development and Validation of an Osteoporosis Self-Assessment Tool for Taiwan (OSTAi) Postmenopausal Women-A Sub-Study of the Taiwan OsteoPorosis Survey (TOPS) [2015]
• Thailand
  • Archives of Osteoporosis
    • Temporal changes in access to FRAX® in Thailand between 2010 and 2018 [2019]
• Türkiye
  • Journal of Bone Metabolism
    • Agreement between the Turkey Guidelines and the Fracture Risk Assessment Tool®-based Intervention Threshold [2018]
• Ukraine
  • Journal of Osteoporosis
    • FRAX-Based Intervention Thresholds for Osteoporosis Treatment in Ukraine [2021]
• United Kingdom
  • BMJ
    • Predicting risk of osteoporotic and hip fracture in the United Kingdom: prospective independent and external validation of QFractureScores [2011]
  • BMJ Open
    • Cost-effectiveness of osteoporotic fracture risk assessment in people with intellectual disabilities: a UK NHS modelling study [2026]
  • Health Technology Assessment
    • Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of targeted and population screening for osteoporosis in women: scoping review [2026]
  • National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
    • Osteoporosis: risk assessment [2026]
    • Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies to aid opportunistic detection of vertebral fragility fractures: early value assessment [2025]
  • National Osteoporosis Guideline Group
    • Fracture risk assessment and case finding [2024]
    • A systematic review of intervention thresholds based on FRAX : A report prepared for the National Osteoporosis Guideline Group and the International Osteoporosis Foundation [2016]
  • Osteoporosis International
    • Systematic screening using FRAX® leads to increased use of, and adherence to, anti-osteoporosis medications: An analysis of the UK SCOOP Trial [2020]
  • Royal Osteoporosis Society
    • Reporting dual energy X-ray absorptiometry scans in adult fracture risk assessment: Standards for quality [2019]
  • UK National Screening Committee
    • Osteoporosis
• United States
  • Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
    • Screening for Osteoporosis to Prevent Fractures: An Evidence Review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force [2025]
  • American Academy of Pediatrics
    • Bone Densitometry in Children and Adolescents [2016]
  • American College of Radiology
    • Osteoporosis and Bone Mineral Density
    • ACR–SPR–SSR Practice Parameter for the Performance of Quantitative Computed Tomography (QCT) Bone Densitometry
  • American Society for Bone and Mineral Research
    • Performance of Fracture Risk Assessment Tools by Race and Ethnicity: A Systematic Review for the ASBMR Task Force on Clinical Algorithms for Fracture Risk [2023]
    • Standardized Nomenclature, Symbols, and Units for Bone Histomorphometry: A 2012 Update of the Report of the ASBMR Histomorphometry Nomenclature Committee [2013]
  • Endocrine Practice
    • Physician-Reported Barriers to Osteoporosis Screening: A Nationwide Survey [2023]
  • Journal of Bone and Mineral Research
    • Osteoporosis Screening in Postmenopausal Women 50-64 years-old: Comparison of U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Strategy and Two Traditional Strategies in the Women's Health Initiative [2014]
  • Medical Care
    • Effect of Self-Referral on Bone Mineral Density Testing and Osteoporosis Treatment [2014]
  • Osteoporosis International
    • Changes in treatment eligibility with race-neutral US FRAX would be modest: estimates using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) [2026]
    • Real-world bone turnover marker use: impact on treatment decisions and fracture [2021]
  • U.S. Preventive Services Task Force
    • Osteoporosis to Prevent Fractures: Screening [2025]
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Osteoporosis: risk factors
    • Osteoporosis