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Antiretroviral therapy

 

Albania

• WHO Regional Office for Europe
  • HIV Programme Review in Albania: Antiretroviral therapy and procurement and supply management (2015) [2015]

Armenia

• Journal of the International AIDS Society
  • Access to antiretroviral therapy and survival in eastern Europe and central Asia: a case study in Armenia [2014]

Asia

• Tropical Medicine & International Health
  • Factors influencing adherence to antiretroviral treatment in Asian developing countries: a systematic review [2012]

Australia

• Australasian Society for HIV, Viral Hepatitis and Sexual Health Medicine
  • Antiretroviral Guidelines

• BMC Public Health
  • HIV treatment regimens and adherence to national guidelines in Australia: an analysis of dispensing data from the Australian pharmaceutical benefits scheme [2019]

Belarus

• WHO Regional Office for Europe
  • WHO mission on ART optimization in Belarus March 30-31, April 1, 2016 (2016) [2016]
  • HIV/AIDS treatment and care in Belarus (2014) [2014]

Belize

• Ministry of Health Belize
  • National HIV Treatment Guidelines [2012]

Botswana

• AIDS
  • Trends and determinants of survival for over 200000 patients on antiretroviral treatment in the Botswana National Program: 2002–2013 [2016]

• HIV Therapy
  • Adult combination antiretroviral therapy in sub-Saharan Africa: lessons from Botswana and future challenges [2009]

• Lancet Global Health
  • Outcomes of the Botswana national HIV/AIDS treatment programme from 2002 to 2010: a longitudinal analysis [2014]

• PLoS ONE
  • Using Health Surveillance Systems Data to Assess the Impact of AIDS and Antiretroviral Treatment on Adult Morbidity and Mortality in Botswana [2014]

• Tropical Medicine & International Health
  • Variation in attrition at sub-national level: Review of the Botswana National HIV/AIDS Treatment (Masa) program data (2002–2013) [2015]

• World Health Organization
  • Introducing ARV Therapy in the Public Sector in Botswana [2004]

Brazil

• BMC Infectious Diseases
  • Determinants of survival of people living with HIV/AIDS on antiretroviral therapy in Brazil 2006–2015 [2019]

• Cadernos de Saúde Pública
  • Antiretroviral manufacturers and the challenge of universal access to drugs through the Brazilian National STD/AIDS Program [2009]

• Health Affairs
  • AIDS Treatment In Brazil: Impacts And Challenges [2009]

• PLoS ONE
  • Modeling HIV/AIDS Drug Price Determinants in Brazil: Is Generic Competition a Myth? [2011]

Cameroon

• AIDS Research and Therapy
  • Trends and determining factors associated with adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Cameroon: a systematic review and analysis of the CAMPS trial [2012]

Canada

• B.C. Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS
  • Therapeutic Guidelines
  • Drug Treatment Program

• Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health
  • Pharmacoeconomic Review Report: Bictegravir/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide (B/FTC/TAF) (Biktarvy): Indication: A complete regimen for the treatment of HIV-1 infection in adults with no known substitution associated with resistance the individual components of Biktarvy [2018]

• HIV Medicine
  • Predictors of unstructured antiretroviral treatment interruption and resumption among HIV-positive individuals in Canada [2014]

China

• PLoS ONE
  • Comparisons of Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy in a High- Risk Population in China: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2016]

Denmark

• Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology
  • A Regional Drug and Therapeutics Committee-led Intervention to Reduce the Hospital Costs of Expensive HIV Drugs [2016]

Developing countries

• World Health Organization
  • Scaling up antiretroviral therapy in resource-limited settings [2002]

Eastern Europe, Central Asia

• WHO Regional Office for Europe
  • Regional technical consultation on dissemination of consolidated guidelines on ARVs for treating and preventing HIV in eastern Europe and central Asia [2014]

Eastern Mediterranean

• WHO Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean
  • Accelerating HIV treatment in the WHO Eastern Mediterranean and UNAIDS Middle East and North Africa regions [2013]

Estonia

• WHO Regional Office for Europe
  • HIV/AIDS treatment and care in Estonia (2014) [2014]

Ethiopia

• BMC Infectious Diseases
  • HIV patients retention and attrition in care and their determinants in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2020]

• BMC Public Health
  • HIV/AIDS treatment failure and associated factors in Ethiopia: meta-analysis [2020]

• PLoS ONE
  • Discontinuation from Antiretroviral Therapy: A Continuing Challenge among Adults in HIV Care in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2017]

Europe

• European AIDS Clinical Society
  • EACS European Guidelines for treatment of HIV infected adults in Europe [2019]

• European Medicines Agency
  • Guideline on the clinical development of medicinal products for the treatment of HIV infection [2016]

• WHO Regional Office for Europe
  • 2012 Revision - Protocol 1. Patient evaluation and antiretroviral treatment for adults and adolescents [2012]
  • Regional consultation on revision of the clinical protocols "HIV/AIDS treatment and care" for the WHO European Region : technical report, 7 October 2010, Kiev, Ukraine [2010]
  • ART failure and strategies for switching ART regimens in the WHO European Region [2008]
  • HIV/AIDS treatment and care. Clinical protocols for the WHO European Region. 2012 Revisions

Europe, Central Asia

• European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control
  • Thematic report: HIV treatment and care [2017]

France

• BMC Infectious Diseases
  • The effect of adherence to guidelines for initial antiretroviral therapy on 1-year outcomes: a French cohort study [2014]

• Journal of the International AIDS Society
  • French 2013 guidelines for antiretroviral therapy of HIV-1 infection in adults [2014]

• PLoS ONE
  • Cost-Effectiveness of Dolutegravir in HIV-1 Treatment-Experienced (TE) Patients in France [2015]

Georgia

• WHO Regional Office for Europe
  • HIV/AIDS treatment and care in Georgia (2014) [2014]

Germany

• Medicine
  • Analysis of contemporary HIV/AIDS health care costs in Germany: Driving factors and distribution across antiretroviral therapy lines [2016]

• SpringerPlus
  • Treatment strategies for treatment naïve HIV patients in Germany: evidence from claims data [2015]

Ghana

• BMC Infectious Diseases
  • Five-year trends in treatment changes in an adult cohort of HIV/AIDS patients in Ghana: a retrospective cohort study [2017]

Guinea-Bissau

• Bulletin of the World Health Organization
  • Challenges facing HIV treatment in Guinea-Bissau: the benefits of international research collaborations [2014]

Haiti

• BMC Health Services Research
  • Closing the gap in implementation of HIV clinical guidelines in a low resource setting using electronic medical records [2020]

• Cost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation
  • The cost of antiretroviral therapy in Haiti [2008]

• Global Health Action
  • Attrition from antiretroviral treatment services among pregnant and non-pregnant patients following adoption of Option B+ in Haiti [2017]

• HIV Therapy
  • Successes and challenges of HIV treatment programs in Haiti: aftermath of the earthquake [2010]

• Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes
  • Lives Saved by Expanding HIV Treatment Availability in Resource-Limited Settings: The Example of Haiti [2013]

• PLoS ONE
  • Cost-Effectiveness of Early Versus Standard Antiretroviral Therapy in HIV-Infected Adults in Haiti [2011]

India

• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
  • Implementation of the Treat All Policy Among Persons with HIV Infection Enrolled in Care But Not on Antiretroviral Therapy — India, May 2017–June 2018 [2018]

• Indian Journal of Medical Research
  • Antiretroviral therapy in Indian setting: When & what to start with, when & what to switch to? [2011]

• Journal of the International AIDS Society
  • The cost-effectiveness and budgetary impact of a dolutegravir-based regimen as first-line treatment of HIV infection in India [2018]

• National AIDS Control Organization
  • Antiretroviral Therapy Guidelines for HIV-Infected Adults and Adolescents: May 2013 [2013]

• PLoS ONE
  • How Many People Living with HIV Will Be Additionally Eligible for Antiretroviral Treatment in Karnataka State, India as per the World Health Organization 2013 Guidelines? [2014]

• WHO South-East Asia Journal of Public Health
  • Adoption of the 2015 World Health Organization guidelines on antiretroviral therapy: Programmatic implications for India [2017]

Indonesia

• BMC Health Services Research
  • Costs of HIV/AIDS treatment in Indonesia by time of treatment and stage of disease [2015]

• Tropical Medicine & International Health
  • Translating international HIV treatment guidelines into local priorities in Indonesia [2018]

International

• Antiviral Research
  • Evolution of HIV treatment guidelines in high and low-income countries: Converging recommendations [2013]

• BMC Health Services Research
  • Access to HIV/AIDS care: a systematic review of socio-cultural determinants in low and high income countries [2013]

• Bulletin of the World Health Organization
  • Association between antiretroviral therapy adherence and employment status: systematic review and meta-analysis [2015]
  • How should access to antiretroviral treatment be measured? [2011]
  • Universal antiretroviral treatment: the challenge of human resources [2010]
  • Global strategies to reduce the price of antiretroviral medicines: evidence from transactional databases [2009]

• Clinical Infectious Diseases
  • Managing Advanced HIV Disease in a Public Health Approach [2018]

• Forum for Collaborative HIV Research
  • Novel clinical trial designs for the development of new antiretroviral agents [2012]

• Globalization and Health
  • Leaving no one behind: lessons from implementation of policies for universal HIV treatment to universal health coverage [2020]

• International AIDS Society
  • International AIDS Society: Global Scientific Strategy Towards an HIV Cure 2016 [2016]
  • Progress Towards an HIV Cure: Update from the 2014 International AIDS Society Symposium [2015]
  • Towards an HIV cure: science and debate from the International AIDS Society 2013 symposium [2013]
  • Towards an HIV cure: a global scientific strategy [2013]

• Journal of the International AIDS Society
  • Implementation of “Treat-all” at adult HIV care and treatment sites in the Global IeDEA Consortium: results from the Site Assessment Survey [2019]
  • Choice of antiretroviral drugs for continued treatment scale-up in a public health approach: what more do we need to know? [2016]
  • Maximizing the benefits of antiretroviral therapy for key affected populations [2014]
  • Preferred antiretroviral drugs for the next decade of scale up [2012]

• PLoS Medicine
  • The HIV Treatment Gap: Estimates of the Financial Resources Needed versus Available for Scale-Up of Antiretroviral Therapy in 97 Countries from 2015 to 2020 [2015]

• UNAIDS
  • How many people living with HIV access treatment? [2016]
  • Fast-tracking HIV treatment: Parliamentary action and policy options [2015]
  • Treatment 2015 [2013]

Iran

• Journal of Research in Medical Sciences
  • Survival and associated factors among people living with HIV/AIDS: A 30-year national survey in Iran [2019]

Ireland

• Health Protection Surveillance Centre
  • HIV Treatment and PrEP

Italy

• BMC Public Health
  • Impact of social determinants on antiretroviral therapy access and outcomes entering the era of universal treatment for people living with HIV in Italy [2018]

• ClinicoEconomics and Outcomes Research
  • Economic evaluation of initial antiretroviral therapy for HIV-infected patients: an update of Italian guidelines [2013]

• Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
  • Key questions in antiretroviral therapy: Italian Consensus Workshop (2005) [2006]

• New Microbiologica
  • Evidence-based renewal of the Italian guidelines for the use of antiretroviral agents and the diagnostic-clinical management of HIV-1 infected persons [2018]
  • Italian guidelines for the use of antiretroviral agents and the diagnostic-clinical management of HIV-1 infected persons. Update 2016 [2017]
  • Italian guidelines for the use of antiretroviral agents and the diagnostic-clinical management of HIV-1 infected persons. Update 2015 [2016]
  • Italian guidelines for the use of antiretroviral agents and the diagnostic-clinical management of HIV-1 infected persons. Update December 2014 [2015]

• PLoS ONE
  • HIV Clinical Pathway: A New Approach to Combine Guidelines and Sustainability of Anti-Retroviral Treatment in Italy [2016]

Kenya

• Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes
  • Antiretroviral Treatment Scale-up Among Persons Living With HIV in Kenya: Results From a Nationally Representative Survey [2014]

• Pan African Medical Journal
  • An in vitro evaluation of drugs used in the Kenyan ART program [2016]

• PLoS ONE
  • Progress in Reversing the HIV Epidemic through Intensified Access to Antiretroviral Therapy: Results from a Nationally Representative Population-Based Survey in Kenya, 2012 [2016]

• World Health Organization
  • Gateways to integration - A case study from Kenya: Linking Sexual and Reproductive Health and HIV/AIDS [2008]

Latin America

• Pan American Health Organization
  • Progress and challenges in implementing HIV care and treatment policies in Latin America following the treatment 2.0 initiative [2015]

Lesotho

• Tropical Medicine & International Health
  • Adoption of new HIV treatment guidelines and drug substitutions within first-line as a measure of quality of care in rural Lesotho: health centers and hospitals compared [2012]

Low and middle-income countries

• International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
  • Social and Structural Determinants of Household Support for ART Adherence in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review [2020]

• Journal of the International AIDS Society
  • Marked sex differences in all-cause mortality on antiretroviral therapy in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2016]

• PLoS ONE
  • Early Mortality in Adults Initiating Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMIC): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2011]

• Tropical Medicine & International Health
  • Self-transfer and mortality amongst adults lost to follow-up in ART programmes in low- and middle-income countries: systematic review and meta-analysis [2015]

• UNAIDS
  • The impact of the COVID-19 response on the supply chain, availability and cost of generic antiretroviral medicines for HIV in low- and middle-income countries [2020]

• World Health Organization
  • Combined global demand forecasts for antiretroviral medicines and HIV diagnostics in low- and middle-income countries from 2015 to 2020 [2016]
  • Antiretroviral medicines in low- and middle-income countries: forecasts of global and regional demand for 2014-2018 [2015]
  • Simplification of antiretroviral therapy: a necessary step in the public health response to HIV/AIDS in resource-limited settings [2014]
  • Antiretroviral medicines in low- and middle-income countries: Forecasts of global and regional demand for 2013–2016 [2014]
  • Access to antiretroviral drugs in low- and middle-income countries [2014]
  • Demand forecast for antiretroviral drugs in low and middle-income countries, 2007-2008 [2008]

Malawi

• BMC Public Health
  • Act local, think global: how the Malawi experience of scaling up antiretroviral treatment has informed global policy [2016]

• Bulletin of the World Health Organization
  • Scaling-up antiretroviral therapy in Malawi [2016]

• Implementation Science
  • The feasibility of automating audit and feedback for ART guideline adherence in Malawi [2011]
  • From PALSA PLUS to PALM PLUS: adapting and developing a South African guideline and training intervention to better integrate HIV/AIDS care with primary care in rural health centers in Malawi [2011]

• Journal of the International AIDS Society
  • Antiretroviral drug supply challenges in the era of scaling up ART in Malawi [2011]

• World Health Organization
  • Antiretroviral therapy in primary health care: experience of the chiradzulu programme in Malawi [2004]

Mexico

• Salud Pública de México
  • Antiretroviral purchasing and prescription practices in Mexico: constraints, challenges and opportunities [2015]

Middle-income countries

• World Health Organization
  • Increasing access to HIV treatment in middle-income countries [2014]

Mozambique

• Bulletin of the World Health Organization
  • Mobile clinics for antiretroviral therapy in rural Mozambique [2014]

Namibia

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice
  • Tenofovir substitution in Namibia based on an analysis of the antiretroviral dispensing database [2015]

• PLoS ONE
  • Nurse Task Shifting for Antiretroviral Treatment Services in Namibia: Implementation Research to Move Evidence into Action [2014]

Nepal

• BMC Health Services Research
  • Strengthening adherence to Anti Retroviral Therapy (ART) monitoring and support: operation research to identify barriers and facilitators in Nepal [2015]

Netherlands

• BMJ Open
  • AIDS Therapy Evaluation in the Netherlands (ATHENA) national observational HIV cohort: cohort profile [2018]

• Clinical Infectious Diseases
  • Increased Virological Failure in Naive HIV-1–Infected Patients Taking Lamivudine Compared With Emtricitabine in Combination With Tenofovir and Efavirenz or Nevirapine in the Dutch Nationwide ATHENA Cohort [2014]

Nigeria

• PLoS ONE
  • High rates of loss to follow-up during the first year of pre-antiretroviral therapy for HIV patients at sites providing pre-ART care in Nigeria, 2004–2012 [2017]
  • What Is the Economic Burden of Subsidized HIV/AIDS Treatment Services on Patients in Nigeria and Is This Burden Catastrophic to Households? [2016]
  • Outcomes of Nigeria's HIV/AIDS Treatment Program for Patients Initiated on Antiretroviral Treatment between 2004-2012 [2016]
  • Long-Term Outcomes on Antiretroviral Therapy in a Large Scale-Up Program in Nigeria [2016]

PAHO

• Pan American Health Organization
  • Guidelines for the implementation of multi-month dispensing of antiretrovirals. Version 1, 23 July 2020 [2020]

Portugal

• PLoS ONE
  • Cost-Effectiveness of the Third-Agent Class in Treatment-Naive Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Patients in Portugal [2012]

• Revista de Saúde Pública
  • Direct treatment costs of HIV/AIDS in Portugal [2014]

Rwanda

• BMC Medicine
  • Improving health outcomes through concurrent HIV program scale-up and health system development in Rwanda: 20 years of experience [2015]

• Journal of the International AIDS Society
  • Phased implementation of spaced clinic visits for stable HIV-positive patients in Rwanda to support Treat All [2017]

Serbia, United Kingdom

• BMC Infectious Diseases
  • Choice of first-line antiretroviral therapy regimen and treatment outcomes for HIV in a middle income compared to a high income country: a cohort study [2016]

South Africa

• Department of Health South Africa
  • The South African Antiretroviral Treatment Guidelines 2013 [2013]

• Journal of the International AIDS Society
  • Will differentiated care for stable HIV patients reduce healthcare systems costs? [2020]
  • Changes in second-line regimen durability and continuity of care in relation to national ART guideline changes in South Africa [2016]

• Lancet Global Health
  • Assessment of epidemic projections using recent HIV survey data in South Africa: a validation analysis of ten mathematical models of HIV epidemiology in the antiretroviral therapy era [2015]

• PLoS Medicine
  • Estimating the impact of antiretroviral treatment on adult mortality trends in South Africa: A mathematical modelling study [2017]
  • Convergence of Mortality Rates among Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy in South Africa and North America [2014]
  • Elimination of HIV in South Africa through Expanded Access to Antiretroviral Therapy: A Model Comparison Study [2013]

• PLoS ONE
  • Changing the South African national antiretroviral therapy guidelines: The role of cost modelling [2017]
  • Views of Medical Doctors Regarding the 2013 WHO Adult HIV Treatment Guidelines Indicate Variable Applicability for Routine Patient Monitoring, for Their Family Members and for Themselves, in South-Africa [2016]
  • The Impact of the New WHO Antiretroviral Treatment Guidelines on HIV Epidemic Dynamics and Cost in South Africa [2011]

• Southern African Journal of HIV Medicine
  • Southern African HIV Clinicians Society guidelines for antiretroviral therapy in adults: 2020 update [2020]
  • Loss to follow-up from antiretroviral therapy clinics: A systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies in South Africa from 2011 to 2015 [2019]
  • Adult antiretroviral therapy guidelines 2017 [2017]

South-East Asia

• WHO Regional Office for South-East Asia
  • Report of the Regional workshop on improving HIV treatment, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, 23-25 July 2013 [2014]

Southern Africa

• BMC Public Health
  • Gender distribution of adult patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in Southern Africa: a systematic review [2007]

• Southern African Journal of HIV Medicine
  • The role of rilpivirine in Southern Africa [2019]

Spain

• ClinicoEconomics and Outcomes Research
  • Antiretroviral treatment switch strategies for lowering the costs of antiretroviral therapy in subjects with suppressed HIV-1 viremia in Spain [2013]

• GESIDA
  • Executive summary of the GESIDA/National AIDS Plan Consensus Document on Antiretroviral Therapy in Adults Infected by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (Updated January 2016) [2016]
  • Costs and cost-efficacy analysis of the 2016 GESIDA/Spanish AIDS National Plan recommended guidelines for initial antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected adults [2016]

• Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
  • Once-daily antiretroviral therapy: Spanish Consensus Statement [2006]

• PLoS ONE
  • Choice of the initial antiretroviral treatment for HIV-positive individuals in the era of integrase inhibitors [2019]

Sub-Saharan Africa

• BMC Health Services Research
  • From policy to practice: exploring the implementation of antiretroviral therapy access and retention policies between 2013 and 2016 in six sub-Saharan African countries [2017]

• BMC Medicine
  • The potential to expand antiretroviral therapy by improving health facility efficiency: evidence from Kenya, Uganda, and Zambia [2016]

• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
  • Antiretroviral Therapy Enrollment Characteristics and Outcomes Among HIV-Infected Adolescents and Young Adults Compared with Older Adults — Seven African Countries, 2004–2013 [2014]

• Journal of Virus Eradication
  • Treating all people living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa: a new era calling for new approaches [2018]

• Lancet HIV
  • Updated assessment of risks and benefits of dolutegravir versus efavirenz in new antiretroviral treatment initiators in sub-Saharan Africa: modelling to inform treatment guidelines [2020]

• PLoS Medicine
  • Evidence for scaling up HIV treatment in sub-Saharan Africa: A call for incorporating health system constraints [2017]

• PLoS ONE
  • Uptake of WHO Recommendations for First-Line Antiretroviral Therapy in Kenya, Uganda, and Zambia [2015]
  • Multi-Country Analysis of Treatment Costs for HIV/AIDS (MATCH): Facility-Level ART Unit Cost Analysis in Ethiopia, Malawi, Rwanda, South Africa and Zambia [2014]

• Public Health Agency of Canada
  • Rolling out HIV antiretroviral therapy in sub-Saharan Africa: 2003–2017 [2018]

• Southern African Journal of HIV Medicine
  • When will sub-Saharan Africa adopt HIV treatment for all? [2016]

Swaziland

• PLoS ONE
  • Enrollment in HIV Care Two Years after HIV Diagnosis in the Kingdom of Swaziland: An Evaluation of a National Program of New Linkage Procedures [2016]

Sweden

• PLoS ONE
  • HIV drug therapy duration; a Swedish real world nationwide cohort study on InfCareHIV 2009-2014 [2017]

Switzerland

• PLoS ONE
  • A Comparison of Initial Antiretroviral Therapy in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study and the Recommendations of the International AIDS Society-USA [2011]

Tanzania

• Journal of Global Health
  • Changes in patterns of retention in HIV care and antiretroviral treatment in Tanzania between 2008 and 2016: an analysis of routinely collected national programme data [2019]

Thailand

• AIDS Research and Therapy
  • Guidelines for antiretroviral therapy in HIV-1 infected adults and adolescents 2014, Thailand [2015]

Togo

• Pan African Medical Journal
  • Loss of HIV-infected patients on potent antiretroviral therapy programs in Togo: risk factors and the fate of these patients [2013]

Uganda

• Journal of the International AIDS Society
  • Annual cost of antiretroviral therapy among three service delivery models in Uganda [2016]

United Kingdom

• British HIV Association
  • BHIVA guidelines for the treatment of HIV-1-positive adults with antiretroviral therapy 2015 (2016 interim update) [2016]
  • BHIVA guidelines for antiretroviral treatment of HIV-2-positive individuals 2010 [2010]

• Health Protection Scotland
  • Guidance for cost-sensitive HIV therapy prescribing in NHS Scotland 2018 update [2018]

• NHS England
  • Dolutegravir-rilpivirine for treating HIV-1 in adults [2020]
  • Dolutegravir / lamivudine for the treatment of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV-1) infected adults and adolescents over 12 years of age [2020]
  • Doravirine for the treatment of HIV-1 in adults [2019]
  • Use of cobicistat as a booster in treatment of HIV infection (all ages) [2018]
  • Immediate antiretroviral therapy for treatment of HIV-1 in adults and adolescents [2018]
  • Dolutegravir for treatment of HIV1 in adults and adolescents [2018]
  • Tenofovir Alafenamide for treatment of HIV 1 in adults and adolescents [2017]
  • Elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir for treatment of HIV in adults [2015]

Ukraine

• WHO Regional Office for Europe
  • Optimization of ART in Ukraine: general principles of ART optimization from a public health perspective. Mission report (2016) [2016]
  • HIV/AIDS treatment and care in Ukraine [2013]

United States of America

• AIDS Research and Treatment
  • Current Challenges to the United States' AIDS Drug Assistance Program and Possible Implications of the Affordable Care Act [2013]

• AIDSinfo
  • HIV/AIDS Treatment Guidelines
  • Guidelines for the Use of Antiretroviral Agents in Adults and Adolescents Living with HIV

• Annals of Internal Medicine
  • Economic savings versus health losses: The cost-effectiveness of generic antiretroviral therapy in the United States [2013]

• BMJ Global Health
  • Impact of the US Food and Drug Administration registration of antiretroviral drugs on global access to HIV treatment [2018]

• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
  • Nonadherence to Any Prescribed Medication Due to Costs Among Adults with HIV Infection — United States, 2016–2017 [2019]
  • Differences in Characteristics and Clinical Outcomes Among Hispanic/Latino Men and Women Receiving HIV Medical Care — United States, 2013–2014 [2018]

• Food and Drug Administration
  • HIV Treatment

• Infectious Diseases Society of America
  • Essential Components of Effective HIV Care: A Policy Paper of the HIV Medicine Association of the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the Ryan White Medical Providers Coalition [2011]

• International Antiviral Society-USA
  • Antiretroviral Drugs for Treatment and Prevention of HIV Infection in Adults: 2018 Recommendations of the International Antiviral Society-USA Panel [2018]

• New York State Department of Health AIDS Institute
  • Antiretroviral therapy

• PLoS ONE
  • Geographic Variations in Retention in Care among HIV-Infected Adults in the United States [2016]
  • Cost-Effectiveness of Single- Versus Generic Multiple-Tablet Regimens for Treatment of HIV-1 Infection in the United States [2016]

Uzbekistan

• WHO Regional Office for Europe
  • Expansion and optimization of ART in Uzbekistan (2016) [2016]

Vietnam

• Current HIV/AIDS Reports
  • Enhancing the Benefits of Antiretroviral Therapy in Vietnam: Towards Ending AIDS [2014]

• Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes
  • Costing Analysis of National HIV Treatment and Care Program in Vietnam [2014]

West and Central Africa

• UNAIDS
  • The western and central Africa catch-up plan — Putting HIV treatment on the fast-track by 2018 [2017]
  • 90–90–90 - An ambitious treatment target to help end the AIDS epidemic [2017]

WHO

• World Health Organization
  • Update of recommendations on first- and second-line antiretroviral regimens [2019]
  • Treat all: policy adoption and implementation status in countries [2019]
  • Updated recommendations on first-line and second-line antiretroviral regimens and post-exposure prophylaxis and recommendations on early infant diagnosis of HIV [2018]
  • Policy brief: updated recommendations on first-line and second-line antiretroviral regimens and post-exposure prophylaxis and recommendations on early infant diagnosis of HIV: HIV treatment, interim guidance [2018]
  • Policy brief: update on antiretroviral regimens for treating and preventing HIV infection and update on early infant diagnosis of HIV: interim guidance [2018]
  • Data quality assessment of national and partner HIV treatment and patient monitoring data and systems: implementation tool [2018]
  • Transition to new antiretroviral drugs in HIV programmes: clinical and programmatic considerations [2017]
  • Key considerations for differentiated antiretroviral therapy delivery for specific populations: children, adolescents, pregnant and breastfeeding women and key populations [2017]
  • HIV treatment: transition to new antiretrovirals in HIV programmes: policy brief [2017]
  • WHO think tank on HIV treatment optimization: implications for 2015 WHO ARV guidelines and future updates [2016]
  • Consolidated guidelines on the use of antiretroviral drugs for treating and preventing HIV infection: Recommendations for a public health approach - Second edition [2016]
  • Consolidated guidelines on the use of antiretroviral drugs for treating and preventing HIV infection: what’s new [2015]
  • Transition to new HIV treatment regimens – procurement and supply chain management issues [2014]
  • The impact and cost of the 2013 WHO recommendations on eligibility for antiretroviral therapy [2014]
  • Scoping consultation on care packages for people living with HIV [2014]
  • Operational Guidance in the 2013 WHO consolidated antiretroviral guidelines [2014]
  • March 2014 supplement to the 2013 consolidated guidelines on the use of antiretroviral drugs for treating and preventing HIV infection [2014]
  • Joint WHO/UNAIDS annual consultation with pharmaceutical companies and stakeholders on forecasting global demand of antiretroviral drugs for 2013-2016 [2014]
  • Interventions to improve adherence to antiretroviral therapy: a rapid systematic review [2014]
  • Improving antiretroviral therapy scale-up and effectiveness through service integration and decentralization [2014]
  • Health systems implications of the 2013 WHO consolidated antiretroviral guidelines and strategies for successful implementation [2014]
  • Community and service provider views to inform the 2013 WHO consolidated antiretroviral guidelines: key findings and lessons learnt [2014]
  • Adoption of national recommendations related to use of antiretroviral therapy before and shortly following the launch of the 2013 WHO consolidated guidelines [2014]
  • Transaction prices for antiretroviral medicines from 2010 to 2013: WHO AIDS medicines and diagnostics services: global price reporting mechanism [2013]
  • The next generation of the World Health Organization's global antiretroviral guidance [2013]
  • Consolidated guidelines on the use of antiretroviral drugs for treating and preventing HIV infection: Recommendations for a public health approach [2013]
  • WHO informal consultation on medium- and long-term priorities for ARV drug optimization [2012]
  • WHO consultation: the strategic use of antiretrovirals for treatment and prevention of HIV infection: 2nd Expert Panel meeting: executive summary: 4 May 2012, Geneva [2012]
  • The strategic use of antiretrovirals to help end the HIV epidemic [2012]
  • Sources, quality and prices of active pharmaceutical ingredients of antiretroviral drugs [2012]
  • Pharmacological equivalence and clinical interchangeability of lamivudine and emtricitabine: a review of current literature [2012]
  • Global forecasts of antiretroviral demand 2012-2015: joint WHO/UNAIDS consultation with pharmaceutical companies and stakeholders [2012]
  • Global forecasts of antiretroviral demand 2012-2013: joint WHO/UNAIDS annual consultation with pharmaceutical companies [2012]
  • Annual stakeholders and partners meeting: AIDS medicines and diagnostics service [2012]
  • 2010 ART guidelines for adults and adolescents - evidence map [2012]
  • Short-term priorities for antiretroviral drug optimization: meeting report [2011]
  • Antiretroviral therapy for HIV infection in adults and adolescents. Recommendations for a public health approach (2010 revision) [2010]
  • Rapid advice: antiretroviral therapy for HIV infection in adults and adolescents [2009]
  • WHO consultation on ART failure in the context of a public health approach [2008]
  • Prioritizing second-line antiretroviral drugs for adults and adolescents: a public health approach [2007]
  • Interventions to address HIV in prisons: HIV care, treatment and support [2007]
  • Antiretroviral therapy for HIV infection in adults and adolescents. Recommendations for a public health approach (2006 revision) [2006]
  • Handbook on Access to HIV/AIDS-Related Treatment [2003]
  • A public health approach for scaling up antiretroviral treatment [2003]
  • Treatment and care

{Related topics}

• Guidelines
  • Pre-exposure prophylaxis
  • Post-exposure prophylaxis
  • Microbicides
  • HIV/AIDS
  • Antiretroviral therapy: laboratory testing
  • Antiretroviral therapy: drug resistance
  • Antiretroviral therapy: adverse events, complications