Tuberculosis

Guidelines, reviews, epidemiology

Latent tuberculosis

• Afghanistan
  • PLoS ONE
    • Prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection among health workers in Afghanistan: A cross-sectional study [2021]
• Asia
  • Immunity, Inflammation and Disease
    • Prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection in Asian nations: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2024]
• Australia
  • Australian Journal of General Practice
    • Latent tuberculosis in the general practice context [2020]
  • Department of Health, Disability and Ageing
    • National position statement for the management of latent tuberculosis infection [2017]
  • Queensland Health
    • Management of Latent Tuberculosis in Adults
• Australia, New Zealand
  • Tuberculosis Research and Treatment
    • Management of Latent Tuberculosis Infections in Australia and New Zealand: A Review of Current Practice [2010]
• Austria
  • Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
    • National consensus statement by the Austrian Societies for Rheumatology, Pulmonology, Infectiology, Dermatology and Gastroenterology regarding the management of latent tuberculosis and the associated utilization of biologic and targeted synthetic disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) [2022]
• Austria, Germany, Switzerland
  • PLoS ONE
    • Management of childhood and adolescent latent tuberculous infection (LTBI) in Germany, Austria and Switzerland [2021]
• Brazil
  • BMJ Global Health
    • Determinants of losses in the latent tuberculosis infection cascade of care in Brazil [2021]
• Canada
  • BMC Public Health
    • Recommendations for the screening of paediatric latent tuberculosis infection in indigenous communities: a systematic review of screening strategies among high-risk groups in low-incidence countries [2018]
  • BMJ Open
    • Burden of non-adherence to latent tuberculosis infection drug therapy and the potential cost-effectiveness of adherence interventions in Canada: a simulation study [2017]
  • Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health
    • Occupational Screening for Latent Tuberculosis Infection [2021]
    • Interferon Gamma Release Assay for the Identification of Latent Tuberculosis Infection in Rural and Remote Settings [2021]
    • Latent Tuberculosis Infection Testing in People with Compromised Immunity Prior to Biologic Therapy: A Review of Diagnostic Accuracy, Clinical Utility, and Guidelines [2020]
  • Public Health Agency of Canada
    • Latent tuberculosis infection: An overview [2017]
    • Recommendations on interferon gamma release assays for the diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection - 2010 update [2010]
• China
  • International Journal of Infectious Diseases
    • Management of Latent Tuberculosis Infection in China: Exploring solutions suitable for high-burden countries [2020]
  • Journal of Thoracic Disease
    • Risk of prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection in health care workers-an idiographic meta-analysis from a Chinese perspective [2021]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Latent Tuberculosis Infection and Occupational Protection among Health Care Workers in Two Types of Public Hospitals in China [2014]
• Colombia
  • BMJ Open
    • Cost-effectiveness analysis comparing QuantiFERON test and tuberculin skin test for the diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection in immunocompetent children under 15 years of age in Colombia [2025]
  • Multiple Sclerosis Journal - Experimental, Translational and Clinical
    • Diagnosis and treatment of latent tuberculosis in patients with multiple sclerosis, expert consensus. On behalf of the Colombian Association of Neurology, Committee of Multiple Sclerosis [2018]
• Europe
  • European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control
    • Review of reviews and guidelines on target groups, diagnosis, treatment and programmatic issues for implementation of latent tuberculosis management [2018]
    • Programmatic management of latent tuberculosis infection in the European Union [2018]
    • Mathematical modelling of programmatic screening strategies for latent tuberculosis infection in countries with low tuberculosis incidence [2018]
    • Cost-effectiveness analysis of programmatic screening strategies for latent tuberculosis infection in the EU/EEA [2018]
    • Management of latent tuberculosis infection
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Country-specific approaches to latent tuberculosis screening targeting migrants in EU/EEA countries: A survey of national experts, September 2019 to February 2020 [2022]
    • The effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of screening for latent tuberculosis among migrants in the EU/EEA: a systematic review [2018]
    • Identifying components for programmatic latent tuberculosis infection control in the European Union [2016]
• Germany
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Latent Tuberculosis Infection among Health Workers in Germany—A Retrospective Study on Progression Risk and Use of Preventive Therapy [2021]
• India
  • Indian Journal of Medical Ethics
    • Ethical issues in expanding latent TB management in high burden countries [2020]
  • Lung India
    • Management of latent tuberculosis infection: An evidence-based approach [2015]
• International
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Interferon-gamma release assay levels and risk of progression to active tuberculosis: a systematic review and dose-response meta-regression analysis [2021]
  • BMC Public Health
    • Global trends and gaps in research related to latent tuberculosis infection [2020]
  • BMJ Open
    • Screening and prevention for latent tuberculosis in immunosuppressed patients at risk for tuberculosis: a systematic review of clinical practice guidelines [2018]
  • European Respiratory Journal
    • Management of latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection: WHO guidelines for low tuberculosis burden countries [2015]
  • International Journal of Infectious Diseases
    • Prevalence trends of latent tuberculosis infection at the global, regional, and country levels from 1990-2019 [2022]
    • Preventive therapy for latent tuberculosis infection—the promise and the challenges [2017]
  • Journal of Public Health
    • How can we improve latent tuberculosis infection management using behaviour change wheel: a systematic review [2023]
  • Lancet Infectious Diseases
    • Initiation and completion of treatment for latent tuberculosis infection in migrants globally: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2021]
    • Global burden of latent multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: trends and estimates based on mathematical modelling [2019]
  • PLoS Medicine
    • The Global Burden of Latent Tuberculosis Infection: A Re-estimation Using Mathematical Modelling [2016]
  • Scientific Reports
    • Efficacy of anti-tuberculosis drugs for the treatment of latent tuberculosis infection: a systematic review and network meta-analysis [2023]
• Ireland
  • Irish Journal of Medical Science
    • Systematic review of latent tuberculosis infection research to inform programmatic management in Ireland [2022]
• Israel
  • Israel Medical Association Journal
    • Interferon Gamma Release Assay-Guided Latent Tuberculosis Prophylaxis in Israel [2015]
• Japan
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Trend and treatment outcomes of latent tuberculosis infection among migrant persons in Japan: retrospective analysis of Japan tuberculosis surveillance data [2021]
  • Kekkaku (Tuberculosis)
    • Treatment guidelines for latent tuberculosis infection [2014]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Trend and treatment status of latent tuberculosis infection patients in Japan – Analysis of Japan TB Surveillance data [2017]
  • Western Pacific Surveillance and Response Journal
    • Epidemiology of latent tuberculosis infection in Japan-born and foreign-born children in Japan [2023]
• Kenya
  • Ministry of Health Kenya
    • Guidelines on the programmatic management of tuberculosis preventive therapy (PMTPT) [2020]
• Low and middle income countries
  • Health Science Reports
    • How are high burden countries implementing policies and tools for latent tuberculosis infection? A survey of current practices and barriers [2020]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Prevalence of Latent Tuberculosis among Health Care Workers in High Burden Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2016]
• Malaysia
  • Ministry of Health Malaysia
    • Programmatic management of latent tuberculosis infection [2019]
• Middle East, North Africa
  • Pulmonary Medicine
    • Prevalence of Latent Tuberculosis Infection in the Middle East and North Africa: A Systematic Review [2021]
• Norway
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Treatment completion for latent tuberculosis infection in Norway: a prospective cohort study [2018]
  • BMJ Open
    • Immigrant screening for latent tuberculosis infection: numbers needed to test and treat, a Norwegian population-based cohort study [2019]
• Philippines
  • Department of Health Philippines
    • Guidance on the Use of Fixed-Dosed Combination for Tuberculosis Preventive Treatment (TPT) [2021]
• Republic of Korea
  • Epidemiology and Health
    • An opposing view on including high school students in a latent tuberculosis infection control program in Korea [2017]
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • Prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection among participants of the national LTBI screening program in South Korea - A problem of low coverage rate with current LTBI strategy [2023]
  • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
    • Proposal to Revise the Screening Test for Latent Tuberculosis Infection in Close Contacts at Elementary Schools in Korea [2019]
  • Korean Journal of Internal Medicine
    • Adverse drug reactions following treatment of latent tuberculosis infection: a linked national tuberculosis surveillance with claims database [2024]
  • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
    • Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis Infection and Its Clinical Efficacy [2018]
    • Diagnosis and Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis Infection in Healthcare Workers [2016]
    • Diagnosis and Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis Infection [2015]
• Rwanda
  • Ministry of Health Rwanda
    • Tuberculosis Preventive Treatment Guidelines [2022]
• Saudi Arabia
  • Saudi Thoracic Society
    • Saudi guidelines for testing and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection [2010]
• Singapore
  • BMJ Open
    • Cross-sectional study of prevalence and risk factors, and a cost-effectiveness evaluation of screening and preventive treatment strategies for latent tuberculosis among migrants in Singapore [2021]
  • International Journal of Infectious Diseases
    • Prevalence of and risk factors associated with latent tuberculosis in Singapore: A cross-sectional survey [2018]
• Spain
  • Revista Española de Sanidad Penitenciaria
    • Guidelines on controlling latent tuberculosis infection to support tuberculosis elimination [2021]
• Sri Lanka
  • Inquiry
    • Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of a Latent Tuberculosis Screening Program Among Healthcare Personnel [2025]
  • Ministry of Health Sri Lanka
    • National Guideline on Latent Tuberculosis Infection (LTBI) Management [2021]
• Sweden
  • International Journal of Infectious Diseases
    • Prevalence of Latent TB and Effectiveness of BCG Vaccination Against Latent Tuberculosis: An Observational Study [2021]
• United Kingdom
  • BMC Health Services Research
    • "It's too hard" - the management of latent TB in under-served populations in the UK: a qualitative study [2022]
  • Lancet Public Health
    • Effectiveness of nationwide programmatic testing and treatment for latent tuberculosis infection in migrants in England: a retrospective, population-based cohort study [2022]
  • NHS England
    • National latent tuberculosis infection testing and treatment programme
  • Public Health England
    • Latent tuberculosis testing and treatment programme for migrants
    • Latent TB infection (LTBI): testing and treatment
• United States
  • Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
    • Screening for Latent Tuberculosis Infection in Adults: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force [2023]
  • American Journal of Nursing
    • Tuberculosis: A New Screening Recommendation and an Expanded Approach to Elimination in the United States [2017]
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Tuberculosis Testing and Latent Tuberculosis Infection Treatment Practices Among Health Care Providers — United States, 2020–2022 [2023]
    • Trends in tuberculosis clinicians' adoption of short-course regimens for latent tuberculosis infection [2023]
    • Guidelines for the Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis Infection: Recommendations from the National Tuberculosis Controllers Association and CDC, 2020 [2020]
    • Update of Recommendations for Use of Once-Weekly Isoniazid-Rifapentine Regimen to Treat Latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection [2018]
    • Simple Estimates for Local Prevalence of Latent Tuberculosis Infection, United States, 2011–2015 [2018]
    • Treatment Regimens for Latent TB Infection
    • Latent TB Infection Resource Hub
  • Clinical Infectious Diseases
    • Prevalence of Latent Tuberculosis Infection Among Non-US-Born Persons by Country of Birth-United States, 2012-2017 [2021]
  • JAMA
    • Management of Latent Tuberculosis Infection [2023]
  • Medicine
    • A cross-sectional study of latent tuberculosis infection, insurance coverage, and usual sources of health care among non-US-born persons in the United States [2021]
  • National Tuberculosis Coalition of America
    • Testing and Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis Infection in the United States: A Clinical Guide for Health Care Providers and Public Health Programs [2025]
  • PLoS ONE
    • State-level prevalence estimates of latent tuberculosis infection in the United States by medical risk factors, demographic characteristics and nativity [2021]
  • U.S. Preventive Services Task Force
    • Latent Tuberculosis Infection in Adults: Screening [2023]
• WHO
  • World Health Organization
    • Meeting of the Implementation Core Group of WHO Global Task Force on Latent TB Infection and country stakeholders on implementation tools and joint TB and HIV programming to scale up TB preventive treatment [2018]
    • Latent tuberculosis infection: updated and consolidated guidelines for programmatic management [2018]
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis

• Afghanistan
  • Conflict and Health
    • Implementing a successful tuberculosis programme within primary care services in a conflict area using the stop TB strategy: Afghanistan case study [2014]
  • Public Health Action
    • Food assistance to tuberculosis patients: lessons from Afghanistan [2016]
• Africa
  • Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism
    • Endocrine dysfunction among adult patients with tuberculosis: An African experience [2014]
  • Infectious Diseases of Poverty
    • Productivity losses associated with tuberculosis deaths in the World Health Organization African region [2016]
  • WHO African Region
    • Tuberculosis in the WHO African Region: 2023 progress update - September 2023 [2023]
    • 2018 Africa Continental TB Scorecard [2019]
    • Framework for implementing the “End TB Strategy” in the African Region 2016 - 2020 [2017]
    • Tuberculosis (TB)
• Americas
  • Pan American Health Organization
    • Guidance for Tuberculosis Prevention and Control in Indigenous Populations in the Region of the Americas [2021]
    • Tuberculosis
• Armenia
  • Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
    • TB financing in East Europe promotes unnecessary hospital admissions: the case of Armenia [2013]
• Asia
  • PLoS ONE
    • Factors Associated with Patient and Provider Delays for Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment in Asia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2015]
• Australia
  • Australian Journal of General Practice
    • Models of care for tuberculosis infection screening and treatment in primary care: A scoping review [2024]
  • Department of Health, Disability and Ageing
    • Tuberculosis – CDNA National Guidelines for Public Health Units [2022]
    • National Tuberculosis Advisory Committee Guideline: Management of Tuberculosis Risk in Healthcare Workers in Australia [2017]
  • NSW Health
    • Tuberculosis policies and guidelines
    • Testing, diagnosis and management of TB Infection
    • Principles for the Management of Tuberculosis in New South Wales
  • Queensland Health
    • Tuberculosis control protocol
• Bangladesh
  • Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism
    • Bangladesh national guidelines on the management of tuberculosis and diabetes mellitus co-morbidity [2016]
  • Ministry of Health and Family Welfare Bangladesh
    • National Guideline and Operational Manual for Tuberculosis [2021]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Costs of services and funding gap of the Bangladesh National Tuberculosis Control Programme 2016-2022: An ingredient based approach [2023]
    • Implementation status of national tuberculosis infection control guidelines in Bangladeshi hospitals [2021]
• Bhutan
  • Ministry of Health Bhutan
    • National guidelines for management of tuberculosis [2016]
• Brazil
  • Advances in Rheumatology
    • Brazilian recommendations for the management of tuberculosis infection in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases [2025]
  • BMC Health Services Research
    • Leprosy and tuberculosis control scenario of the national program for the improvement of access and quality of primary care in Brazil [2023]
  • Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia
    • Brazilian Thoracic Association recommendations for the management of post-tuberculosis lung disease [2024]
  • Lancet Global Health
    • Cost-effectiveness and health impact of screening and treatment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection among formerly incarcerated individuals in Brazil: a Markov modelling study [2024]
    • The effect of primary health care on tuberculosis in a nationwide cohort of 7·3 million Brazilian people: a quasi-experimental study [2022]
  • Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical
    • Research, Innovation, and National Production of Strategic Inputs for Tuberculosis Elimination in Brazil: Contributions from the REDE-TB [2023]
    • Brazilian Response to Global End TB Strategy : The National Tuberculosis Research Agenda [2016]
• Cambodia
  • BMJ Global Health
    • Where are the missing people affected by tuberculosis? A programme review of patient-pathway and cascade of care to optimise tuberculosis case-finding, treatment and prevention in Cambodia [2023]
• Canada
  • BC Centre for Disease Control
    • Tuberculosis Manual
  • Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health
    • Community Supports for People With Tuberculosis [2023]
    • Tuberculosis Stigma and Racism, Colonialism, and Migration: A Rapid Qualitative Review [2021]
  • Canadian Journal of Public Health
    • Engaging frontline providers: an important key to eliminating tuberculosis in Canada, and other high-income countries [2021]
  • Canadian Thoracic Society
    • Canadian Tuberculosis Standards [2022]
  • Public Health Agency of Canada
    • Tuberculosis (TB) [2017]
    • Tuberculosis: For health professionals
  • Public Health Ontario
    • Tuberculosis (TB)
• Central Asia
  • WHO European Region
    • TB-Free Central Asia Initiative [2025]
• Central Asia, Eastern Europe
  • WHO European Region
    • Standardized package of community-based support services to improve tuberculosis outcomes. A guide for affected community and civil society organizations, national tuberculosis programmes and policy-makers in eastern Europe and central Asia [2023]
• China
  • BMC Public Health
    • Challenge of ending TB in China: tuberculosis control in primary healthcare sectors under integrated TB control model-a systematic review and meta-analysis [2024]
  • China CDC Weekly
    • Tuberculosis in Schools and Requirements for Prevention and Control in China [2021]
    • The Impact of COVID-19 on Tuberculosis Patients’ Behavior of Seeking Medical Care — China, 2020 [2021]
    • The COVID-19 Pandemic and Elimination of Tuberculosis in China [2021]
    • Implementation Performance of Tuberculosis Control in China: 2011–2020 [2021]
    • Guidelines for the Prevention and Control of Tuberculosis in Schools: Recommendations from China CDC [2021]
    • Facing the Challenge of Tuberculosis: Towards “End TB in China by 2035” [2021]
    • Multichannel Financing Reduces Economic Burden and Improves the Medical Security Level for Tuberculosis Patients [2020]
    • Guiding Tuberculosis Control Through the Healthy China Initiative 2019-2030 [2020]
    • Effectiveness of the Integrated TB Surveillance System — China, 2018–2019 [2020]
  • Infectious Diseases of Poverty
    • Factors that associated with TB patient admission rate and TB inpatient service cost: a cross-sectional study in China [2016]
    • Access to and affordability of healthcare for TB patients in China: issues and challenges [2016]
  • PLoS ONE
    • China Tuberculosis Policy at Crucial Crossroads: Comparing the Practice of Different Hospital and Tuberculosis Control Collaboration Models Using Survey Data [2014]
• China, India, South Africa
  • Lancet Global Health
    • Feasibility of achieving the 2025 WHO global tuberculosis targets in South Africa, China, and India: a combined analysis of 11 mathematical models [2016]
    • Cost-effectiveness and resource implications of aggressive action on tuberculosis in China, India, and South Africa: a combined analysis of nine models [2016]
• Czech Republic
  • WHO European Region
    • Rapid assessment of the country tuberculosis emergency response and preparedness in mitigating the impact of cross-border migration on the tuberculosis epidemic in Czechia [2024]
• Dominican Republic
  • Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública
    • Health care workers' recommendations for strengthening tuberculosis infection control in the Dominican Republic [2018]
• Equatorial Guinea
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Knowledge, Attitudes, and Stigma: The Perceptions of Tuberculosis in Equatorial Guinea [2022]
• Ethiopia
  • African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine
    • An audit of diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis in Ethiopia [2014]
  • BMC Public Health
    • Financial burden of tuberculosis diagnosis and treatment for patients in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2024]
  • Infectious Diseases of Poverty
    • The impact of pastoralist mobility on tuberculosis control in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-synthesis [2019]
  • Journal of Infectious Diseases
    • Increasing Access to Tuberculosis Services in Ethiopia: Findings From a Patient-Pathway Analysis [2017]
• Europe
  • European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control
    • European Union Standards for Tuberculosis Care - 2017 update [2018]
    • Systematic review on the diagnosis, treatment, care and prevention of tuberculosis in prison settings [2017]
    • Interventions in vulnerable groups are the key to eliminating tuberculosis in Europe [2016]
    • Guidance on tuberculosis control in vulnerable and hard-to-reach populations [2016]
    • Tuberculosis
    • Ending tuberculosis- yes, we can!
  • European Respiratory Journal
    • Tuberculosis elimination: theory and practice in Europe [2014]
    • The European Union standards for tuberculosis care: do they need an update? [2014]
    • European Union Standards for Tuberculosis Care [2012]
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Eurosurveillance | Ending tuberculosis in Europe - resetting the course in the post-COVID-19 era [2023]
    • Ending tuberculosis in risk groups in Europe: challenges from travel and population movement [2017]
  • TBNET
    • Tuberculosis in adult migrants in Europe: a TBnet consensus statement [2025]
    • The Tuberculosis Network European Trials Group (TBNET): new directions in the management of tuberculosis [2017]
  • WHO European Region
    • Tuberculosis action plan for the WHO European Region, 2023–2030 [2023]
    • Tuberculosis in the WHO European Region: fact sheet [2021]
    • Tuberculosis elimination in the WHO European Region: review of key actions, with a special focus on management of tuberculosis infection [2020]
    • Final report on implementation of the Tuberculosis Action Plan for the WHO European Region 2016-2020 [2020]
    • Tuberculosis EURO
• Fiji
  • Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease
    • Strategic Planning for Tuberculosis Control in the Republic of Fiji [2019]
• Germany
  • Deutsches Ärzteblatt International
    • The Diagnosis and Treatment of Tuberculosis [2019]
• High-income countries
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • Management of Tuberculosis: Are the Practices Homogeneous in High-Income Countries? [2020]
• Honduras
  • Biomédica
    • Factors affecting the tuberculosis program coverage at the first level of care in Honduras [2022]
• India
  • Bulletin of the World Health Organization
    • Implementation of a tuberculosis elimination project, India 2018–2019 [2023]
  • Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews
    • Tuberculosis in the era of COVID-19 in India [2020]
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • Rising Catastrophic Expenditure on Households Due to Tuberculosis: Is India Moving Away From the END-TB Goal? [2021]
  • Global Health: Science and Practice
    • Facilitators and Barriers for Private Health Sector Engagement for TB Care in India: A Systematic Review and Meta-Synthesis of Qualitative Research [2024]
  • Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology
    • National TB elimination programme - What has changed [2023]
  • Indian Journal of Medical Research
    • COVID-19 & the National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme of India [2021]
    • Undernutrition & tuberculosis in India: Situation analysis & the way forward [2016]
    • Tuberculosis: From an incurable scourge to a curable disease - journey over a millennium [2013]
    • New Vision for Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme (RNTCP): Universal access - “Reaching the un-reached” [2012]
  • Indian Journal of Tuberculosis
    • TB control in India in the COVID era [2021]
  • International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
    • Delays in diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis in India: a systematic review [2014]
  • Journal of Association of Chest Physicians
    • National TB Elimination Program (NTEP) at a glance [2022]
  • Pan African Medical Journal
    • The organizational challenges in the management of the revised national tuberculosis control program of India: an overview [2020]
  • PLoS Medicine
    • Barriers to engagement in the care cascade for tuberculosis disease in India: A systematic review of quantitative studies [2024]
    • The Tuberculosis Cascade of Care in India’s Public Sector: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis [2016]
  • Risk Management and Healthcare Policy
    • Contributing Factors in the Tuberculosis Care Cascade in India: A Systematic Literature Review [2021]
  • World Health Organization
    • A brief history of tuberculosis control in India [2010]
• Indonesia
  • BMC Research Notes
    • How do private general practitioners manage tuberculosis cases? A survey in eight cities in Indonesia [2015]
  • Global Health Action
    • The path to impact of operational research on tuberculosis control policies and practices in Indonesia [2016]
  • Journal of Infectious Diseases
    • Quality Tuberculosis Care in Indonesia: Using Patient Pathway Analysis to Optimize Public–Private Collaboration [2017]
  • Journal of Public Health Research
    • Tuberculosis control within Indonesia’s hospital accreditation [2021]
  • PLoS ONE
    • The development of the national tuberculosis research priority in Indonesia: A comprehensive mixed-method approach [2023]
• International
  • BMJ Global Health
    • International research and guidelines on post-tuberculosis chronic lung disorders: a systematic scoping review [2018]
  • BMJ Open
    • Global prevalence, treatment and outcome of tuberculosis and COVID-19 coinfection: a systematic review and meta-analysis (from November 2019 to March 2021) [2022]
  • European Respiratory Journal
    • Epidemic and pandemic viral infections: impact on tuberculosis and the lung. A consensus by the World Association for Infectious Diseases and Immunological Disorders (WAidid), Global Tuberculosis Network (GTN) and members# of ESCMID Study Group for Mycobacterial Infections (ESGMYC) [2020]
    • Towards tuberculosis elimination: an action framework for low-incidence countries [2015]
  • European Respiratory Review
    • Subclinical tuberculosis: a meta-analysis of prevalence and scoping review of definitions, prevalence and clinical characteristics [2024]
  • Health & Social Care in the Community
    • Satisfaction of tuberculosis patients to healthcare services at the global level: A systematic review [2022]
  • Infectious Disease Reports
    • Tuberculosis 2015: Burden, Challenges and Strategy for Control and Elimination [2016]
  • International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
    • Clinical standards for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of TB infection [2022]
    • Clinical standards for drug-susceptible pulmonary TB [2022]
  • Journal of Clinical Epidemiology
    • Recommendation mapping of the World Health Organization's guidelines on tuberculosis: A new approach to digitizing and presenting recommendations [2021]
  • Médecins Sans Frontières
    • Tuberculosis: Practical guide for clinicians, nurses, laboratory technicians and medical auxiliaries
  • PLoS Medicine
    • Improving cascade outcomes for active TB: A global systematic review and meta-analysis of TB interventions [2023]
    • Translational Research for Tuberculosis Elimination: Priorities, Challenges, and Actions [2016]
  • Pulmonology
    • Tuberculosis, COVID-19 and hospital admission: Consensus on pros and cons based on a review of the evidence [2021]
  • Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
    • The WHO's new End TB Strategy in the post-2015 era of the Sustainable Development Goals [2016]
  • Virulence
    • Tackling tuberculosis: Insights from an international TB Summit in London [2015]
• Ireland
  • Health Protection Surveillance Centre
    • National Tuberculosis (TB) Guidelines for Ireland
  • Irish Journal of Medical Science
    • Ending tuberculosis: the cost of missing the World Health Organization target in a low-incidence country [2023]
• Japan
  • Nagoya Journal of Medical Science
    • Roles of public health centers (hokenjo) in tuberculosis control in Japan [2015]
• Latin America and the Caribbean
  • Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública
    • Determinants of tuberculosis in countries of Latin America and the Caribbean [2016]
• Lebanon
  • Ministry of Public Health
    • National Guidelines for Tuberculosis Prevention, Care and Elimination in Lebanon [2017]
• Low and middle income countries
  • BMJ Global Health
    • Health system influences on the implementation of tuberculosis infection prevention and control at health facilities in low-income and middle-income countries: a scoping review [2021]
  • Infectious Diseases of Poverty
    • Comorbidities between tuberculosis and common mental disorders: a scoping review of epidemiological patterns and person-centred care interventions from low-to-middle income and BRICS countries [2020]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Tuberculosis and Non-Communicable Disease Multimorbidity: An Analysis of the World Health Survey in 48 Low- and Middle-Income Countries [2021]
  • Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases
    • User experience and patient satisfaction with tuberculosis care in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review [2020]
  • Journal of Infection and Public Health
    • Context matters: Examining the factors impacting the implementation of tuberculosis infection prevention and control guidelines in health settings in seven high tuberculosis burden countries [2021]
  • PLoS Medicine
    • Integrating tuberculosis and noncommunicable diseases care in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs): A systematic review [2022]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Role of informal healthcare providers in tuberculosis care in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic scoping review [2021]
    • Barriers and facilitators of tuberculosis infection prevention and control in low- and middle-income countries from the perspective of healthcare workers: A systematic review [2020]
    • Comparison of two cash transfer strategies to prevent catastrophic costs for poor tuberculosis-affected households in low- and middle-income countries: An economic modelling study [2017]
  • Respiratory Research
    • Duration and determinants of delayed tuberculosis diagnosis and treatment in high-burden countries: a mixed-methods systematic review and meta-analysis [2021]
• Malaysia
  • Malaysian Journal of Pathology
    • Tuberculosis in Malaysia: Disease timeline, epidemiology, control initiatives and outlook [2025]
• Maldives
  • Ministry of Health Maldives
    • National Guidelines for programatic management of Tuberculosis [2015]
• Middle-income countries
  • Globalization and Health
    • Migration to middle-income countries and tuberculosis—global policies for global economies [2017]
• Mongolia
  • BMJ Open
    • Assessing the quality of tuberculosis care using routine surveillance data: a process evaluation employing the Zero TB Indicator Framework in Mongolia [2022]
  • Nagoya Journal of Medical Science
    • Patient delay and health system delay of patients with newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis in Mongolia, 2016-2017 [2022]
• Morocco
  • Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical
    • Extrapulmonary tuberculosis in Morocco: A systematic review of observational studies [2025]
  • Tropical Medicine and Health
    • Tuberculosis in the middle of COVID-19 in Morocco: efforts, challenges and recommendations [2021]
• Namibia
  • Ministry of Health and Social Services
    • National Guidelines for the Management of Tuberculosis, Fourth Edition 2019 [2019]
• Nepal
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Assessing Factors Associated with TB Awareness in Nepal: A National and Subnational Study [2021]
• Netherlands
  • European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control
    • Tuberculosis in the Netherlands [2020]
• New Zealand
  • Health New Zealand
    • Guidelines for Tuberculosis Control in New Zealand, 2019 [2019]
    • Tuberculosis Case Management for People In Correctional Facilities [2018]
• Nigeria
  • BMC Public Health
    • A qualitative meta-synthesis of facilitators and barriers to tuberculosis diagnosis and treatment in Nigeria [2021]
  • Global Health: Science and Practice
    • How Do Private Providers Unaffiliated With the Nigeria National TB Program Diagnose and Treat Drug-Susceptible TB Patients? A Cross-Sectional Study [2022]
• North Korea
  • Epidemiology and Health
    • A new strategy for tuberculosis control in North Korea [2015]
  • Health and Human Rights Journal
    • Rights-Based TB Programs for Migrants and Prisoners Needed in North Korea [2016]
• Pacific Islands
  • WHO Western Pacific Region
    • Eighth TB Control Meeting for the Pacific Islands, Nadi, Fiji, 22-24 November 2016 : meeting report [2016]
• Pakistan
  • Ministry of National Health Services Regulations and Coordination
    • National Guidelines for the Control of Tuberculosis in Pakistan [2019]
  • Pakistan Chest Society
    • Diagnosis and management of drug-susceptible tuberculosis [2020]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Management of tuberculosis by healthcare practitioners in Pakistan: A systematic review [2018]
• Peru
  • European Respiratory Journal
    • The economic effects of supporting tuberculosis-affected households in Peru [2016]
• Philippines
  • Bulletin of the World Health Organization
    • Maintaining essential tuberculosis services during the COVID-19 pandemic, Philippines [2022]
  • Department of Health Philippines
    • Tuberculosis Disease
  • International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
    • Cost of TB prevention and treatment in the Philippines in 2017 [2022]
  • Journal of Infectious Diseases
    • Using Patient Pathway Analysis to Design Patient-centered Referral Networks for Diagnosis and Treatment of Tuberculosis: The Case of the Philippines [2017]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Expansion of social protection is necessary towards zero catastrophic costs due to TB: The first national TB patient cost survey in the Philippines [2022]
  • Western Pacific Surveillance and Response Journal
    • Restarting the tuberculosis programme post-Haiyan [2015]
• Republic of Korea
  • Epidemiology and Health
    • Evaluation of the accessibility and its equity of the national public-private mix program for tuberculosis in Korea: a multilevel analysis [2023]
  • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
    • Issues Related to the Updated 2014 Korean Guidelines for Tuberculosis [2015]
• Saudi Arabia
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • A Saudi Arabian Public Health Perspective of Tuberculosis [2021]
  • Ministry of Health Saudi Arabia
    • National Tuberculosis Program [2021]
• Singapore
  • Annals Academy of Medicine Singapore
    • Singapore tuberculosis (TB) clinical management guidelines 2024: A modified Delphi adaptation of international guidelines for drug-susceptible TB infection and pulmonary disease [2024]
  • National Centre for Infectious Diseases
    • Tuberculosis
  • SAGE Open Medicine
    • Is Singapore on track to eliminate tuberculosis by 2030? A policy case study [2019]
• South Africa
  • Health Research Policy and Systems
    • Setting priorities in health research using the model proposed by the World Health Organization: development of a quantitative methodology using tuberculosis in South Africa as a worked example [2016]
  • Journal of Infectious Diseases
    • The South African Tuberculosis Care Cascade: Estimated Losses and Methodological Challenges [2017]
  • National Department of Health South Africa
    • National Tuberculosis Management Guidelines [2014]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Application of provincial data in mathematical modelling to inform sub-national tuberculosis program decision-making in South Africa [2019]
  • Systematic Reviews
    • A systematic review of risk factors for mortality among tuberculosis patients in South Africa [2023]
• Spain
  • International Journal of Infectious Diseases
    • Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on tuberculosis management in Spain [2021]
• Sri Lanka
  • Ministry of Health Sri Lanka
    • National Manual for Tuberculosis Control [2021]
• Sweden
  • International Journal of Infectious Diseases
    • The History of Tuberculosis Management in Sweden [2015]
• Taiwan
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Health system delay among patients with tuberculosis in Taiwan: 2003–2010 [2015]
  • Journal of the Formosan Medical Association
    • Prevention and management of tuberculosis in solid organ transplantation: A consensus statement of the transplantation society of Taiwan [2023]
• Tanzania
  • BMC Public Health
    • Economic burden of tuberculosis in Tanzania: a national survey of costs faced by tuberculosis-affected households [2022]
  • Ministry of Health Tanzania
    • Multisectoral Accountability Framework for TB Response in Tanzania (MAF-TB) [2024]
    • Operation Manual for Tuberculosis Care and Prevention at Workplace [2018]
    • National Policy Guidelines for TB Care and Prevention at Workplace [2018]
  • WHO African Region
    • Monitoring the contribution of communities to the national TB response in Tanzania [2020]
• Timor-Leste
  • PLoS Medicine
    • Reconstructing Tuberculosis Services after Major Conflict: Experiences and Lessons Learned in East Timor [2006]
  • World Health Organization
    • National Strategic Plan for Ending TB 2020-2024 [2023]
• United Kingdom
  • National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
    • Tuberculosis (Guidance) [2024]
    • Tuberculosis (Quality standard) [2017]
    • Tuberculosis
  • NHS England
    • Review of tuberculosis national report [2025]
  • Public Health England
    • Tuberculosis in prisons: the role of Public Health England
    • Tuberculosis (TB) and homelessness
  • Public Health Scotland
    • Tuberculosis guideline
  • UK Health Security Agency
    • Tuberculosis: the green book, chapter 32
    • Tuberculosis (TB): migrant health guide
    • Tuberculosis (TB): diagnosis, screening, management and data
• United States
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Notes from the Field: Effects of the COVID-19 Response on Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Efforts — United States, March–April 2020 [2020]
    • Essential Components of a Public Health Tuberculosis Prevention, Control, and Elimination Program: Recommendations of the Advisory Council for the Elimination of Tuberculosis and the National Tuberculosis Controllers Association [2020]
    • Tuberculosis Screening, Testing, and Treatment of U.S. Health Care Personnel: Recommendations from the National Tuberculosis Controllers Association and CDC, 2019 [2019]
    • Tuberculosis | National Prevention Information Network
    • Tuberculosis (TB)
    • Clinical Guidelines | Tuberculosis (TB)
  • Lancet Public Health
    • The long-term effects of domestic and international tuberculosis service improvements on tuberculosis trends within the USA: a mathematical modelling study [2024]
    • Risk factors underlying racial and ethnic disparities in tuberculosis diagnosis and treatment outcomes, 2011-19: a multiple mediation analysis of national surveillance data [2024]
  • National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
    • Innovations for Tackling Tuberculosis in the Time of COVID-19: Proceedings of a Workshop [2022]
    • Innovations for Tackling Tuberculosis in the Time of COVID-19: Current Tools and Challenges: Proceedings of a Workshop—in Brief [2021]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Yield of testing and treatment for tuberculosis among foreign-born persons during contact investigations in the United States: A semi-systematic review [2018]
  • StatPearls
    • Tuberculosis Overview
• Uzbekistan
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Operational Research to Inform Programmatic Approaches to the Management of Tuberculosis in Uzbekistan [2021]
• WHO
  • World Health Organization
    • Tuberculosis and primary health care: synergies and opportunities towards universal health coverage: policy brief [2025]
    • Tuberculosis among populations at high risk and people in vulnerable situations: policy brief [2025]
    • Report of the WHO consultation on asymptomatic tuberculosis, Geneva, Switzerland, 14-15 October 2024 [2025]
    • Integrated approach to tuberculosis and lung health: policy brief [2025]
    • WHO operational handbook on tuberculosis: module 6: tuberculosis and comorbidities, second edition [2024]
    • WHO operational handbook on tuberculosis. Module 6: tuberculosis and comorbidities, third edition [2024]
    • WHO consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis: module 6: tuberculosis and comorbidities [2024]
    • WHO Civil Society Task Force on tuberculosis: engagement with civil society as a driver for change: progress report 2022-2023 [2024]
    • Public-private mix data dashboards for enhanced action and accountability to end tuberculosis: policy brief [2024]
    • Guidance on social protection for people affected by tuberculosis [2024]
    • Guidance on conducting reviews of tuberculosis programmes [2024]
    • Digital adaptation kit for tuberculosis: operational requirements for implementing WHO recommendations in digital systems [2024]
    • Development of metrics, criteria and processes for the validation of tuberculosis elimination: consultation report, Istanbul, Türkiye, on 14-15 December 2023 [2024]
    • Development of metrics, criteria and processes for the validation of tuberculosis elimination: consultation report, 13-14 June 2024 [2024]
    • WHO operational handbook on tuberculosis: module 6: tuberculosis and comorbidities: mental health conditions [2023]
    • Report of the WHO consultation on digital technologies for tuberculosis [2023]
    • Policy brief on tuberculosis-associated disability [2023]
    • Guidance on engagement of communities and civil society to end tuberculosis [2023]
    • Evidence and research gaps identified during development of policy guidelines for tuberculosis, 2nd ed [2023]
    • Comprehensive TB Guidelines for National Tuberculosis Program, V Edition [2023]
    • Adaptation and implementation of WHO’s multisectoral accountability framework to end TB: operational guidance [2023]
    • WHO information note on ensuring continuity of essential tuberculosis services for people with or at risk of the disease within Ukraine and in refugee-hosting countries [2022]
    • WHO Civil Society Task Force on TB: engagement with civil society as a driver for change: progress report, March 2020 - June 2021 [2022]
    • Tuberculosis prevention and care among refugees and other populations in humanitarian settings: an interagency field guide [2022]
    • National surveys of costs faced by tuberculosis patients and their households 2015-2021 [2022]
    • Implementing the end TB strategy: the essentials, 2022 update [2022]
    • Guidance for national strategic planning for tuberculosis [2022]
    • Framework for collaborative action on tuberculosis and comorbidities [2022]
    • Adaptation and implementation of WHO's multisectoral accountability framework to end TB (MAF-TB) best practices [2022]
    • WHO consultation on the translation of tuberculosis research into global policy guidelines [2021]
    • WHO Information Note: COVID-19 considerations for tuberculosis (TB) care [2021]
    • Situational assessment checklist to guide implementation of the global strategy for tuberculosis research and innovation [2021]
    • Programmatic innovations to address challenges in tuberculosis prevention and care during the COVID-19 pandemic [2021]
    • Evidence and research gaps identified during development of policy guidelines for tuberculosis [2021]
    • Compendium of data and evidence-related tools for use in TB planning and programming [2021]
    • Multisectoral accountability framework to accelerate progress to end tuberculosis by 2030 [2020]
    • A Global Strategy for tuberculosis research and innovation [2020]
    • WHO guidelines on tuberculosis infection prevention and control: 2019 update [2019]
    • People-centred framework for tuberculosis programme planning and prioritization: user guide [2019]
    • Costing Guidelines for Tuberculosis Interventions [2019]
    • Public–private mix for TB prevention and care: a roadmap [2018]
    • Guidance for country-level TB modelling [2018]
    • Engaging private health care providers in TB care and prevention: a landscape analysis [2018]
    • Compendium of WHO guidelines and associated standards: ensuring optimum delivery of the cascade of care for patients with tuberculosis [2018]
    • Baseline assessment of community based TB services in 8 WHO ENGAGE-TB priority countries [2018]
    • Tuberculosis patient cost surveys: a handbook [2017]
    • Global investments in tuberculosis research and development: past, present and future. A policy paper prepared for the first WHO global ministerial conference on ending tuberculosis in the sustainable development era: a multisectoral response [2017]
    • Ethics guidance for the implementation of the End TB strategy [2017]
    • Digital health for the End TB strategy: progress since 2015 and future perspectives: meeting report, 7-8 February 2017 [2017]
    • Toolkit for developing a national TB research plan [2016]
    • A Toolkit for Developing A National TB Research Plan, in support of the third pillar of the End TB Strategy [2016]
    • Training of community health workers and community volunteers - ENGAGE-TB: integrating community-based tuberculosis activities into the work of nongovernmental and other civil society organizations [2015]
    • A global action framework for TB research in support of the third pillar of WHO’s end TB strategy [2015]
    • Towards tuberculosis elimination: an action framework in low-incidence countries [2014]
    • Definitions and reporting framework for tuberculosis - 2013 revision: updated December 2014 and January 2020 [2013]
    • Tuberculosis prevention, care and control: a practical directory of new advances [2011]
    • Manual on use of routine data quality assessment (RDQA) tool for TB monitoring [2011]
    • Collaborative framework for care and control of tuberculosis and diabetes [2011]
    • Public-Private Mix for TB Care and Control: report of the sixth meeting of the Subgroup on Public-Private Mix for TB Care and Control, Istanbul, Turkey, 16-18 February 2010 [2010]
    • Guidance on ethics of tuberculosis prevention, care and control [2010]
    • Implementing the WHO Stop TB Strategy: a handbook for national tuberculosis control programmes [2008]
    • Community involvement in tuberculosis care and prevention : towards partnerships for health : guiding principles and recommendations based on a WHO review [2008]
    • Public-Private Mix for TB Care and Control : a tool for national situation assessment [2007]
    • Guidelines for Workplace TB Control Activities [2003]
    • Tuberculosis: Fact sheet
    • Tuberculosis
    • Global Tuberculosis Programme
    • End TB Strategy
    • Digital resources for tuberculosis
• WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region
  • WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region
    • Implementation of the multisectoral accountability framework for TB (MAF-TB) in the Eastern Mediterranean: progress report, including analysis of baseline and follow-up surveys [2024]
    • Tuberculosis action plan for the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region 2023-2030 [2023]
    • Tuberculosis control in complex emergencies [2015]
    • Diagnostic and treatment delay in tuberculosis [2006]
    • Tuberculosis
• WHO South-East Asia Region
  • Indian Journal of Medical Research
    • Strategies for ending tuberculosis in the South-East Asian Region: A modelling approach [2019]
  • WHO South-East Asia Region
    • Translating global and regional political commitments towards ending TB into action in the South-East Asia region, Bangkok, Thailand, 23–25 April 2024 [2024]
    • Translating global and regional commitments into action towards ending tuberculosis in the WHO South-East Asia Region: implementation guidance for Member States [2024]
    • Regional Strategic Roadmap for enhancing research and innovation towards ending tuberculosis in the WHO South-East Asia Region: 2024–2026., 2024 [2024]
    • High-level Ministerial Meeting Sustain, Accelerate and Innovate to end TB in the South-East Asia Region [2024]
    • Beyond diagnosis and treatment The social protection landscape for people affected by TB in the WHO South-East Asia Region, 2024 [2023]
    • WHO South-East Asia regional progress towards the 2023 UN High-Level Meeting targets and 2025 milestones towards ending TB: challenges and opportunities [2022]
    • National TB Programme Managers, partners and experts meeting to review progress on End TB milestones in South-East Asia Region [2022]
    • Act now: end TB in the South-East Asia region [2022]
    • Report of the first meeting of the Strategic and Technical Advisory Group for TB in the WHO South-East Asia Region [2021]
    • Regional strategic plan towards ending TB in the WHO South-East Asia Region: 2021–2025 [2021]
    • Bending the Curve - Keeping our Promise of Ending TB in the South-East Asia Region on time [2018]
    • Tuberculosis: ‘Bending the Curve’ [2017]
    • Bending the curve: ending TB in the WHO South-East Asia Region [2017]
    • Tuberculosis
• WHO Western Pacific Region
  • Bulletin of the World Health Organization
    • Evaluation of the 2016–2020 regional tuberculosis response framework, WHO Western Pacific Region [2021]
  • Respirology
    • Implementing the End TB Strategy in the Western Pacific Region: Translating vision into reality [2018]
  • Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease
    • Action towards Universal Health Coverage and Social Protection for Tuberculosis Care and Prevention: Workshop on the End TB Strategy Pillar 2 in the Western Pacific Region 2017 [2018]
  • WHO Western Pacific Region
    • Western Pacific regional framework to end TB: 2021-2030 [2022]
    • Eleventh National TB Programme Managers Meeting in the Western Pacific Region, Tokyo, Japan, 19-21 March 2017 : meeting report [2017]
    • Tuberculosis control in migrant populations : guiding principles and proposed actions [2016]
    • Tenth National TB Programme Managers Meeting in the Western Pacific Region, Manila, Philippines, 1-4 March 2016 : meeting report [2016]
    • Regional action plan for viral hepatitis in the Western Pacific 2016-2020 : a priority action plan for awareness, surveillance, prevention and treatment of viral hepatitis in the Western Pacific Region [2016]
    • Tuberculosis in Western Pacific
• Zambia
  • African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine
    • A survey to assess the extent of public-private mix DOTS in the management of tuberculosis in Zambia [2015]
• Zimbabwe
  • Tropical Medicine & International Health
    • Catastrophic costs among tuberculosis-affected households in Zimbabwe: A national health facility-based survey [2021]
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Tuberculosis: treatment
    • Tuberculosis: screening, diagnosis
    • Tuberculosis: prevention, vaccine
    • Tuberculosis: epidemiology
    • Tuberculosis in children
    • Latent tuberculosis
    • HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis

Tuberculosis in children

• Afghanistan
  • PLoS ONE
    • Active household contact screening for tuberculosis and provision of isoniazid preventive therapy to under-five children in Afghanistan [2020]
• Australia
  • Department of Health, Disability and Ageing
    • Consensus statement on the use of a four-month treatment regimen for drug susceptible tuberculosis in children (< 10 years of age) with uncomplicated disease [2022]
• Bangladesh
  • BMC Public Health
    • Improving case detection of tuberculosis among children in Bangladesh: lessons learned through an implementation research [2017]
  • Ministry of Health and Family Welfare Bangladesh
    • National guidelines for the management of tuberculosis in children [2021]
• Botswana
  • BMC Public Health
    • Pediatric tuberculosis outcomes and factors associated with unfavorable treatment outcomes in Botswana, 2008-2019: a retrospective analysis [2022]
• Brazil
  • Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia
    • Trends in tuberculosis mortality among children and adolescents in Brazil, 1996-2020: a joinpoint analysis [2023]
• Cambodia
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding childhood tuberculosis detection and management among health care providers in Cambodia: a cross-sectional study [2022]
• Canada
  • Canadian Paediatric Society
    • Tuberculosis among First Nations, Inuit and Métis children and youth in Canada: Beyond medical management [2020]
    • Approaches to detecting tuberculosis in children and youth [2018]
  • Canadian Thoracic Society
    • Pediatric tuberculosis [2022]
  • CMAJ
    • Diagnosis and management of pediatric tuberculosis in Canada [2017]
  • Paediatrics & Child Health
    • Epidemiology and clinical management of tuberculosis in children in Canada [2015]
• China
  • Emerging Microbes & Infections
    • Epidemiology of extrapulmonary tuberculosis among pediatric inpatients in mainland China: a descriptive, multicenter study [2022]
• Colombia
  • Colombia Médica
    • Clinical Practice Guidelines for the evaluation, treatment and follow up of children who are contacts of patients with tuberculosis in Colombia [2025]
• Czech Republic
  • Central European Journal of Public Health
    • Trends in incidence of extrapulmonary tuberculosis in children in the Czech Republic in the past 35 years [2022]
• Denmark
  • European Respiratory Journal
    • A review of paediatric tuberculosis in Denmark: 10-year trend, 2000–2009 [2014]
• Europe
  • European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control
    • Guidance: Investigation and control of tuberculosis incidents affecting children in congregate settings [2013]
  • European Respiratory Journal
    • Variation in policy and practice of adolescent tuberculosis management in the WHO European Region [2016]
  • European Respiratory Review
    • Prioritising children and adolescents in the tuberculosis response of the WHO European Region [2019]
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Increase in tuberculosis among children and young adolescents, European Union/European Economic Area, 2015 to 2023 [2025]
• Finland
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Paediatric tuberculosis during universal and selective Bacillus Calmette–Guérin vaccination policy: a nationwide population-based retrospective study, Finland, 1995–2015 [2021]
• India
  • Indian Academy of Pediatrics
    • Diagnosis and Management of Childhood Tuberculosis [2022]
    • Consensus statement on childhood tuberculosis [2010]
  • Ministry of Health and Family Welfare India
    • Pediatric TB
• Indonesia
  • United Nations Children's Fund - UNICEF
    • Pediatric Tuberculosis with a Focus on Indonesia [2022]
• International
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Treatment completion and safety profile of once-weekly 3HP regimen for tuberculosis preventive treatment in children and adolescents: a systematic review [2025]
    • Tuberculosis in childhood: a systematic review of national and international guidelines [2014]
  • Bulletin of the World Health Organization
    • Tuberculosis care models for children and adolescents: a scoping review [2022]
  • Clinical Infectious Diseases
    • Clinical Case Definitions for Classification of Intrathoracic Tuberculosis in Children: An Update [2015]
    • A Blueprint to Address Research Gaps in the Development of Biomarkers for Pediatric Tuberculosis [2015]
  • Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
    • Screening tests for active pulmonary tuberculosis in children [2021]
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • Global burden and trend of tuberculosis in children and adolescents (under 15 years old) from 1990 to 2021, with projections to 2040 [2025]
  • Infection and Drug Resistance
    • Epidemiology and disease burden of tuberculosis in children: a global perspective [2014]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Pathways of TB Transmission in Children-A Systematic Review of Molecular Epidemiological Studies [2023]
  • International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
    • Counting Children with Tuberculosis: Why Numbers Matter [2015]
  • International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
    • Diagnosis and Management of Tuberculosis in Children and Adolescents: A Desk Guide for Primary Health Care Workers [2023]
    • Diagnostic CXR Atlas for Tuberculosis in Children [2022]
  • Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society
    • What’s New in Childhood Tuberculosis? [2022]
  • Lancet
    • The Risk of Tuberculosis in Children After Close Exposure: An Individual-Participant Meta-analysis Including 137,647 Children from 46 Cohort Studies [2020]
  • Lancet Global Health
    • Global estimates of paediatric tuberculosis incidence in 2013–19: a mathematical modelling analysis [2022]
    • Potential effect of household contact management on childhood tuberculosis: a mathematical modelling study [2018]
    • A new roadmap for childhood tuberculosis [2014]
  • Lancet Infectious Diseases
    • Towards earlier inclusion of Children in Tuberculosis (TB) drugs trials: Consensus statements from an Expert Panel [2015]
  • Pathogens
    • Pediatric Tuberculosis: A Review of Evidence-Based Best Practices for Clinicians and Health Care Providers [2024]
    • Recent Advances and Ongoing Challenges in the Management of Tuberculosis in Children and Adolescents [2022]
  • PLoS ONE
    • QuantiFERON Gold-In-Tube for the diagnosis of mycobacterial tuberculosis infection in children under 5 years of age: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2024]
  • Scientific Reports
    • Epidemiology of childhood tuberculosis after ceasing universal Bacillus Calmette–Guérin vaccination [2021]
  • Systematic Reviews
    • Paediatric tuberculosis diagnosis using Mycobacterium tuberculosis real-time polymerase chain reaction assay: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2021]
  • United Nations Children's Fund - UNICEF
    • Tuberculosis factographs
• Ireland
  • Health Protection Surveillance Centre
    • Tuberculosis (TB) in Children and Adolescents [2025]
• Italy
  • Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases
    • How to manage children who have come into contact with patients affected by tuberculosis [2015]
• Kenya
  • Journal of Pediatrics
    • Epidemiology of Pediatric Tuberculosis in Kenya and Risk Factors for Mortality during Treatment: A National Retrospective Cohort Study [2018]
  • Ministry of Health Kenya
    • National guidelines on management of tuberculosis in children [2017]
• Low and middle income countries
  • European Journal of Pediatrics
    • Risk factors for the development of tuberculosis among the pediatric population: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2023]
  • Journal of Global Health
    • A systematic review of clinical, epidemiological and demographic predictors of tuberculosis in children with pneumonia [2022]
  • Médecins Sans Frontières
    • TACTIC: Test, Avoid, Cure TB in Children [2024]
• Malawi
  • Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
    • Pharmacokinetics of anti-TB drugs in Malawian children: reconsidering the role of ethambutol [2015]
  • Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
    • Use of Xpert® for the Diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Severely Malnourished Hospitalized Malawian Children [2014]
• Mongolia
  • Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine
    • Childhood Tuberculosis in Mongolia: Trends and Estimates, 2010-2030 [2022]
• Myanmar
  • Ministry of Health and Sports
    • Revised National Guidelines on Management of Tuberculosis in Children: National Tuberculosis Programme and Senior Paediatricians, Myanmar [2016]
• New Zealand
  • Starship
    • Tuberculosis treatment
• Nigeria
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Prevalence, clinical characteristics, and treatment outcomes of childhood tuberculosis in Nigeria: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2024]
  • Federal Ministry of Health and Social Welfare
    • Desk Guide for Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Tuberculosis in Children and Adolescents in Nigeria [2023]
• Pakistan
  • International Journal of Infectious Diseases
    • Diagnosis of childhood tuberculosis in Pakistan: are national guidelines used by private health care providers? [2021]
• South Africa
  • Clinical Infectious Diseases
    • Public Health Impact and Cost-Effectiveness of Screening for Active Tuberculosis Disease or Infection Among Children in South Africa [2023]
  • Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
    • Subtherapeutic concentrations of first-line anti-TB drugs in South African children treated according to current guidelines: the PHATISA study [2014]
  • National Department of Health South Africa
    • Management of Tuberculosis in Children and Adolescents - A Clinical Guideline for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Drug-susceptible TB in Children and Adolescents in South Africa [2024]
    • Guidelines for the Management of Tuberculosis in Children [2013]
• Spain
  • Anales de Pediatría (English Edition)
    • Tuberculosis treatment for children: An update [2018]
• Sri Lanka
  • Ministry of Health Sri Lanka
    • National Guidelines for Management of Tuberculosis in Children 2018 [2018]
• Sub-Saharan Africa
  • PLoS ONE
    • Cost-effectiveness analysis of interventions to improve diagnosis and preventive therapy for paediatric tuberculosis in 9 sub-Saharan African countries: A modelling study [2023]
• Switzerland
  • Swiss Medical Weekly
    • Prevalence of tuberculosis in migrant children in Switzerland and relevance of current screening guidelines [2020]
• Tanzania
  • Ministry of Health Tanzania
    • National Guideline for Management of Tuberculosis in Children [2016]
• Turkey
  • BMC Pulmonary Medicine
    • Tuberculosis in children and adolescents using biological agents: a nationwide cohort study from Turkey [2025]
• United Kingdom
  • American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
    • Evaluating UK National Guidance for Screening of Children for Tuberculosis. A Prospective Multicenter Study [2018]
  • Public Health England
    • Tuberculosis (TB) and children
• United States
  • American Academy of Pediatrics
    • Tuberculosis Infection in Children and Adolescents: Testing and Treatment [2021]
  • American College of Rheumatology
    • 2013 Update of the 2011 American College of Rheumatology Recommendations for the Treatment of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: Recommendations for the Medical Therapy of Children With Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis and Tuberculosis Screening Among C [2013]
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Tuberculosis in Children
    • TB Treatment for Children
  • Journal of Clinical Microbiology
    • Laboratory Diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Disease in Children [2016]
  • Lancet Public Health
    • Epidemiology of tuberculosis among children and adolescents in the USA, 2007–17: an analysis of national surveillance data [2019]
  • StatPearls
    • Tuberculosis in Children
• WHO
  • World Health Organization
    • Paediatric drug optimization for tuberculosis: meeting report, October 2023 [2024]
    • Roadmap towards ending TB in children and adolescents, 3rd ed [2023]
    • Report of the consultation on the classification of intrathoracic tuberculosis disease in children aged 0–9 years [2023]
    • WHO operational handbook on tuberculosis Module 5: Management of tuberculosis in children and adolescents [2022]
    • WHO consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis: module 5: management of tuberculosis in children and adolescents [2022]
    • Report of a WHO expert consultation on dosing to enable implementation of treatment recommendations in the WHO consolidated guidelines on the management of TB in children and adolescents [2022]
    • Practical manual of processing stool samples for diagnosis of childhood TB [2022]
    • Report of the meeting to review the Paediatric Antituberculosis Drug Optimization priority list [2021]
    • Rapid communication on updated guidance on the management of tuberculosis in children and adolescents [2021]
    • Roadmap towards ending TB in children and adolescents [2018]
    • Best practices in child and adolescent tuberculosis care [2018]
    • Report of the annual meeting of the child and adolescent TB working group, 9 October 2017 [2017]
    • Report of the annual meeting of the childhood TB subgroup, Thursday 3 December 2015, Cape Town, South Africa [2016]
    • Rapid advice: treatment of tuberculosis in children [2010]
• WHO Western Pacific Region
  • WHO Western Pacific Region
    • Tuberculosis outbreaks in schools : experiences from the Western Pacific Region [2021]
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis: drug resistance

• Africa
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Molecular epidemiology of drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Africa: a systematic review [2020]
  • International Journal of Infectious Diseases
    • Geospatial mapping of drug-resistant tuberculosis prevalence in Africa at national and sub-national levels [2025]
• Australia
  • Department of Health, Disability and Ageing
    • Australian recommendations for the management of drug-resistant tuberculosis, 2023 [2023]
    • Retrospective analysis of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis case notifications in Australia (1999–2018) [2020]
  • Queensland Health
    • Management of contacts of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis
• Austria, Germany, Switzerland
  • Respiration
    • Treatment of MDR, Pre-XDR, XDR, and Rifampicin-Resistant Tuberculosis or in Case of Intolerance to at Least Rifampicin in Austria, Germany, and Switzerland [2024]
• Azerbaijan
  • Public Health Action
    • First national survey of anti-tuberculosis drug resistance in Azerbaijan and risk factors analysis [2014]
• Bangladesh
  • Antibiotics
    • Prevalence of Antibiotic-Resistant Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Bangladesh: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2020]
  • Microbiology Spectrum
    • Molecular Epidemiology and Genetic Diversity of Multidrug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolates in Bangladesh [2022]
  • Ministry of Health and Family Welfare Bangladesh
    • National Guidelines and Operational Manual for Programmatic Management of Drug Resistant TB [2021]
• Belarus
  • Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease
    • Effectiveness and cardiovascular safety of delamanid-containing regimens in adults with multidrug-resistant or extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis: A nationwide cohort study from Belarus, 2016-18 [2021]
• Bhutan
  • Ministry of Health Bhutan
    • National guideline for the management of drug resistant tuberculosis [2017]
• Brazil
  • Epidemiologia e Serviços de Saúde
    • Evaluation of the Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Surveillance System, Brazil, 2013-2017 [2020]
  • Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia
    • Management of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: main recommendations of the Brazilian guidelines [2020]
• Cameroon
  • International Journal of Infectious Diseases
    • Programmatic management of rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis with standard regimen in Cameroon: a retrospective cohort study [2022]
• Canada
  • Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health
    • Rapid Testing for the Diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Rifampicin Resistance: A Review of Cost-Effectiveness [2021]
    • Rapid and Simultaneous Tuberculosis and Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing for the Diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Rifampicin Resistance: A Review of Diagnostic Accuracy [2020]
    • Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis: A Review of the Guidelines [2020]
  • Canadian Thoracic Society
    • Drug-resistant tuberculosis [2022]
  • Public Health Agency of Canada
    • Tuberculosis drug resistance in Canada: 2018 [2020]
• Central Asia
  • Public Health Action
    • Challenges and solutions to implementing drug-resistant tuberculosis programmes for children in Central Asia [2015]
• Central Asia, Eastern Europe
  • Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease
    • Factors contributing to drug-resistant tuberculosis treatment outcome in five countries in the Eastern Europe and Central Asia region [2020]
• China
  • Biomedical and Environmental Sciences
    • Prevalence and Risk Factors of Primary Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in China [2016]
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Long-term impact of the adoption of bedaquiline-containing regimens on the burden of drug-resistant tuberculosis in China [2020]
    • Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) disease burden in China: a systematic review and spatio-temporal analysis [2017]
  • China CDC Weekly
    • Practical Experiences of Delivering Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Comprehensive Supportive Care Services in China [2021]
    • Epidemiological Characteristics of Rifampicin-Resistant Tuberculosis in Students — China, 2015–2019 [2021]
  • Emerging Infectious Diseases
    • Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis among Children, China, 2006–2015 [2017]
  • Infectious Diseases of Poverty
    • Characteristics of rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis detection in China, 2015–2019 [2021]
    • Bedaquiline-containing regimens in patients with pulmonary multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in China: focus on the safety [2021]
    • Drug-resistant tuberculosis control in China: progress and challenges [2016]
  • Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance
    • Prevalence and patterns of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in newly diagnosed patients in China: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2024]
    • Prevalence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis resistant to bedaquiline and delamanid in China [2021]
  • Lancet Global Health
    • Effect of a comprehensive programme to provide universal access to care for sputum-smear-positive multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in China: a before-and-after study [2015]
  • Lancet Microbe
    • The catalogue of Mycobacterium tuberculosis mutations associated with drug resistance to 12 drugs in China from a nationwide survey: a genomic analysis [2024]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Drug resistance and epidemiology characteristics of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patients in 17 provinces of China [2019]
    • The Prevalence of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Mainland China: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2016]
    • Prevalence of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Mainland China: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2011]
• China, India
  • BMC Medicine
    • The epidemiologic impact and cost-effectiveness of new tuberculosis vaccines on multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in India and China [2021]
• Czech Republic
  • Scientific Reports
    • Whole genome sequencing of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates collected in the Czech Republic, 2005-2020 [2022]
• Dominican Republic
  • Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública
    • Culture and drug susceptibility testing among previously treated tuberculosis patients in the Dominican Republic, 2014 [2016]
• East Africa
  • PLoS ONE
    • Prevalence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in East Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2022]
  • Tuberculosis
    • Epidemiology and genetic diversity of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in East Africa [2014]
• Eastern Europe
  • Public Health Action
    • Drug-resistant tuberculosis in Eastern Europe: challenges and ways forward [2014]
• Egypt
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Prevalence of Rifampicin resistance tuberculosis among presumptive tuberculosis patients in Egypt-2021: a national health facility-based survey [2024]
• Estonia
  • European Respiratory Journal
    • Cost and cost-effectiveness of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis treatment in Estonia and Russia [2012]
  • Public Health Action
    • A four-year nationwide molecular epidemiological study in Estonia: risk factors for tuberculosis transmission [2014]
• Eswatini
  • Emerging Infectious Diseases
    • High Prevalence of Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis, Swaziland, 2009–2010 [2012]
  • Ministry of Health Eswatini
    • National Drug-resistant tuberculosis Management Guidelines [2012]
• Ethiopia
  • Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control
    • Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Ethiopia: efforts to expand diagnostic services, treatment and care [2014]
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Current treatment of multidrug resistant tuberculosis in Ethiopia: an aggregated and individual patients’ data analysis for outcome and effectiveness of the current regimens [2018]
  • BMC Pediatrics
    • Pulmonary tuberculosis case notification and burden of drug resistance among children under 15 years of age in Ethiopia: sub-analysis from third-round drug resistance tuberculosis survey [2023]
  • BMJ Open
    • National treatment outcome and predictors of death and treatment failure in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Ethiopia: a 10-year retrospective cohort study [2021]
  • Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health
    • Multidrug Resistance Tuberculosis in the Context of Co-Infection in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2025]
  • Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance
    • Second-line drug resistance among multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patients in Ethiopia: A laboratory-based surveillance [2025]
    • Prevalence of drug resistance-conferring mutations associated with isoniazid and rifampicin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2021]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Drug-resistant tuberculosis care and treatment outcomes over the last 15 years in Ethiopia: Results from a mixed-method review of trends [2024]
    • Lost to follow-up and associated factors among patients with drug resistant tuberculosis in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2021]
    • Drug resistance and its risk factors among extrapulmonary tuberculosis in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2021]
  • Tropical Diseases, Travel Medicine and Vaccines
    • Epidemiology of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence, determinants and treatment outcome [2018]
• Europe
  • Clinical Microbiology and Infection
    • Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis and migration to Europe [2017]
  • European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control
    • Tuberculosis molecular surveillance status report, focusing on rifampicin and multi-drug resistance in the EU/EEA [2025]
    • Molecular typing for surveillance of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in the EU/EEA [2017]
    • Healthcare system factors influencing treatment results of patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis [2014]
    • Management of contacts of MDR TB and XDR TB patients [2012]
    • Antimicrobial resistance for Tuberculosis
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Shifting tuberculosis dynamics in the EU/EEA: geographical and drug resistance trends among people of foreign origin, 2019 to 2023 [2025]
    • Characteristic SNPs defining the major multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis clusters identified by EuSeqMyTB to support routine surveillance, EU/EEA, 2017 to 2019 [2024]
    • Availability of drugs for the treatment of multidrug-resistant/rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis in the World Health Organization European Region, October 2023 [2024]
    • Isoniazid (INH) mono-resistance and tuberculosis (TB) treatment success: analysis of European surveillance data, 2002 to 2014 [2019]
    • Childhood multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in the European Union and European Economic Area: an analysis of tuberculosis surveillance data from 2007 to 2015 [2017]
  • TBNET
    • Clinical Management of Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis in 16 European Countries [2018]
    • Infection control, genetic assessment of drug resistance and drug susceptibility testing in the current management of multidrug/extensively-resistant tuberculosis (M/XDR-TB) in Europe: A tuberculosis network European Trialsgroup (TBNET) study [2017]
    • Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Europe, 2010–2011 [2015]
    • Management of patients with multidrug-resistant/extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis in Europe: a TBNET consensus statement [2014]
  • WHO European Region
    • Regional operational research on the introduction of fully oral modified shorter treatment regimens for multidrug/rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis: mid-project evaluation [2023]
    • Review on palliative care with focus on 18 high tuberculosis priority countries, 2020 [2021]
• Europe, United States
  • American Thoracic Society
    • Treatment of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis. An Official ATS/CDC/ERS/IDSA Clinical Practice Guideline [2019]
• Gabon
  • Infection
    • Resistance patterns among drug-resistant tuberculosis patients and trends-over-time analysis of national surveillance data in Gabon, Central Africa [2023]
    • Implementation of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) treatment in Gabon: lessons learnt from the field [2019]
• Germany
  • International Journal of Infectious Diseases
    • Cost of multidrug resistant tuberculosis in Germany—An update [2020]
  • PLoS ONE
    • First-line tuberculosis drug resistance patterns and associated risk factors in Germany, 2008-2017 [2019]
  • Respiratory Medicine
    • Cost of multi drug resistance tuberculosis in Germany [2014]
• Ghana
  • PLoS ONE
    • The burden of drug resistance tuberculosis in Ghana; results of the First National Survey [2021]
• Guatemala
  • Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública
    • Implementation of the national tuberculosis guidelines on culture and drug sensitivity testing in Guatemala, 2013 [2016]
• Gulf Cooperation Council
  • PeerJ
    • Prevalence, patterns, and determinants of drug-resistant tuberculosis in Gulf Cooperation Council countries: an updated systematic review [2024]
• Haiti
  • PLoS ONE
    • Drug-resistant TB prevalence study in 5 health institutions in Haiti [2021]
• India
  • BMC Public Health
    • Prevalence of drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis in India: systematic review and meta-analysis [2017]
  • Epidemiology and Health
    • Controlling the drug-resistant tuberculosis epidemic in India: challenges and implications [2021]
  • Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy
    • Managing drug-resistant tuberculosis: experiences from India [2010]
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • Double trouble: compounding effects of COVID-19 pandemic and antimicrobial resistance on drug resistant TB epidemiology in India [2023]
  • Indian Journal of Medical Research
    • Optimal management of drug-resistant tuberculosis: Can India lead the way? [2023]
  • Indian Journal of Tuberculosis
    • Recent updates in diagnosis and management of drug-resistant tuberculosis in India: A paradigm shift and the way ahead during the COVID-19 crisis [2022]
  • International Journal of Mycobacteriology
    • A critical review of risk factors influencing the prevalence of extensive drug-resistant tuberculosis in India [2023]
  • Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance
    • National and sub-national level prevalence and patterns of drug resistant pulmonary tuberculosis - a systematic review and meta-analysis of Indian studies [2020]
  • Lung India
    • WHO consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis 2020 moving toward fully oral regimen: Should country act in hurry? [2021]
  • Ministry of Health and Family Welfare India
    • National Guidelines for Management of Drug Resistant TB [2024]
    • PMDT
• International
  • American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
    • New and Repurposed Drugs for Pediatric Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis. Practice-based Recommendations [2017]
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Global prevalence and burden of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis from 1990 to 2019 [2024]
  • BMC Medicine
    • Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis treatment adherence in migrants: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2018]
  • Emerging Infectious Diseases
    • Improving Quality of Patient Data for Treatment of Multidrug- or Rifampin-Resistant Tuberculosis [2020]
    • Global Progress and Challenges in Implementing New Medications for Treating Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis [2016]
    • Global Introduction of New Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Drugs—Balancing Regulation with Urgent Patient Needs [2016]
    • Additional Drug Resistance of Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Patients in 9 Countries [2015]
  • European Respiratory Journal
    • Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis around the world: what progress has been made? [2014]
  • European Respiratory Review
    • Regimens to treat multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: past, present and future perspectives [2019]
    • Integration of drug safety monitoring in tuberculosis treatment programmes: country experiences [2019]
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • Trends and forecast of drug-resistant tuberculosis: a global perspective from the GBD study 2021 [2025]
    • Tracking multidrug resistant tuberculosis: a 30-year analysis of global, regional, and national trends [2024]
    • Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Among Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2021]
  • Health and Human Rights Journal
    • Double Standards in Global Health: Medicine, Human Rights Law and Multidrug-Resistant TB Treatment Policy [2016]
  • Infectious Diseases of Poverty
    • Global prevalence of drug-resistant tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2023]
    • Trends in burden of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in countries, regions, and worldwide from 1990 to 2017: results from the Global Burden of Disease study [2021]
  • International Journal of Infectious Diseases
    • Update of drug-resistant tuberculosis treatment guidelines: A turning point [2023]
    • Epidemiology of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis among patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2023]
    • Delamanid-containing regimens and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2022]
    • Situational analysis of 10 countries with a high burden of drug-resistant tuberculosis 2 years post-UNHLM declaration: progress and setbacks in a changing landscape [2021]
    • MDR/XDR-TB management of patients and contacts: Challenges facing the new decade. The 2020 clinical update by the Global Tuberculosis Network [2020]
  • Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance
    • Evaluation of genetic mutations associated with phenotypic resistance to fluoroquinolones, bedaquiline, and linezolid in clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2023]
  • Journal of Infection
    • Prevalence of tuberculosis infection among contacts of drug-resistant tuberculosis patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2024]
    • Global treatment outcomes of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2023]
  • Lancet
    • Incidence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis disease in children: systematic review and global estimates [2014]
  • Lancet Global Health
    • The global impact of household contact management for children on multidrug-resistant and rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis cases, deaths, and health-system costs in 2019: a modelling study [2022]
  • Lancet Infectious Diseases
    • Targeted next-generation sequencing to diagnose drug-resistant tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2024]
  • Médecins Sans Frontières
    • New developments in the treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis: clinical utility of bedaquiline and delamanid [2015]
    • Implementing the Xpert® MTB/RIF Diagnostic Test for Tuberculosis and Rifampicin Resistance: Outcomes and Lessons Learned in 18 Countries [2015]
  • Nature Communications
    • Global burden of disease due to rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis: a mathematical modeling analysis [2023]
    • Modelling the global burden of drug-resistant tuberculosis avertable by a post-exposure vaccine [2021]
  • Pediatrics
    • Global and Regional Burden of Isoniazid-Resistant Tuberculosis [2015]
  • PLoS Medicine
    • Treatment and outcomes in children with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: A systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis [2018]
    • Association between Regimen Composition and Treatment Response in Patients with Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis: A Prospective Cohort Study [2015]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Poor treatment outcome and associated risk factors among patients with isoniazid mono-resistant tuberculosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2023]
    • Predictors of mortality in patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2021]
    • Programmatic Management of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis: An Updated Research Agenda [2016]
  • Revista Española de Quimioterapia
    • A systematic review on extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis from 2009 to 2020: special emphases on treatment outcomes [2023]
  • Scientific Reports
    • Economic burden of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis on patients and households: a global systematic review and meta-analysis [2023]
  • Sentinel Project on Pediatric Drug Resistant Tuberculosis
    • Resources
  • TBNET
    • Clinical implications of molecular drug resistance testing for Mycobacterium tuberculosis: a 2023 TBnet/RESIST-TB consensus statement [2023]
• Iran
  • Frontiers in Microbiology
    • First-Line Anti-Tubercular Drug Resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in IRAN: A Systematic Review [2016]
  • International Journal of Mycobacteriology
    • Prevalence and Temporal Trends of Multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis in Iran from 1981 to 2023: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis [2024]
  • Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
    • Rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis in Iran: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2021]
    • An updated systematic review and meta-analysis on Mycobacterium tuberculosis antibiotic resistance in Iran (2013-2020) [2021]
• Iraq
  • PLoS ONE
    • Management of rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis in conflict-affected areas: The case of Iraq [2024]
• Ireland
  • Health Protection Surveillance Centre
    • Treatment of Cases with Drug-resistant Tuberculosis (DR-TB) [2024]
• Israel
  • Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology
    • Genomic, phenotypic and demographic characterization of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Israel in 2021 [2023]
• Italy
  • Infection and Drug Resistance
    • Advantages and Challenges of Tailored Regimens for Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis: A StopTB Italia Look into the Future [2020]
• Ivory Coast
  • BioMed Research International
    • Emergence in Western African Countries of MDR-TB, Focus on Côte d'Ivoire [2013]
• Japan
  • mSphere
    • Molecular Epidemiology of Drug-Resistant Mycobacterium Tuberculosis in Japan [2021]
• Kenya
  • Ministry of Health Kenya
    • Guidelines on the programmatic management of drug resistant tuberculosis [2021]
• Kyrgyzstan
  • Scientific Reports
    • Implementation of whole genome sequencing for tuberculosis diagnostics in a low-middle income, high MDR-TB burden country [2021]
• Latvia
  • Bulletin of the World Health Organization
    • Treatment and management of MDR-TB in Latvia [2007]
  • Cost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation
    • The value of effective public tuberculosis treatment: an analysis of opportunity costs associated with multidrug resistant tuberculosis in Latvia [2013]
  • Emerging Infectious Diseases
    • Decreased Time to Treatment Initiation for Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Patients after Use of Xpert MTB/RIF Test, Latvia [2016]
  • Public Health Action
    • Multi- and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis in Latvia: trends, characteristics and treatment outcomes [2014]
• Lesotho
  • PLoS ONE
    • Antituberculosis Drug Resistance Survey in Lesotho, 2008-2009: Lessons Learned [2015]
• Liberia
  • Microbial Genomics
    • Tuberculosis in Liberia: high multidrug-resistance burden, transmission and diversity modelled by multiple importation events [2020]
• Lithuania
  • Medicina
    • Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Lithuania – Still a long way ahead [2016]
• Low and middle income countries
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Prevalence of bedaquiline resistance in patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2025]
  • BMJ Global Health
    • Pretreatment attrition after rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis diagnosis with Xpert MTB/RIF or ultra in high TB burden countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2025]
    • Impact of all-oral bedaquiline-based shorter regimens in the treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2025]
  • Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
    • Management of multidrug-resistant TB: novel treatments and their expansion to low resource settings [2016]
• Madagascar
  • BMC Medicine
    • Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis surveillance and cascade of care in Madagascar: a five-year (2012–2017) retrospective study [2020]
• Maldives
  • Ministry of Health Maldives
    • National Guidelines for the management of multi drug resistant Tuberculosis [2015]
• Mexico
  • PLoS ONE
    • Genomic epidemiology analysis of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis distributed in Mexico [2023]
  • Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública
    • Culture and drug sensitivity testing among patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in Mexico: national data for 2009–2013 [2016]
• Middle East
  • International Journal of Mycobacteriology
    • Epidemiology of multidrug-resistant, extensively drug resistant, and totally drug resistant tuberculosis in Middle East countries [2016]
• Moldova
  • European Respiratory Journal
    • High risk and rapid appearance of multidrug resistance during tuberculosis treatment in Moldova [2014]
  • Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease
    • Do catastrophic costs impact treatment outcomes in people with rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis in the Republic of Moldova? [2021]
  • PLoS Medicine
    • Impact and cost-effectiveness of the 6-month BPaLM regimen for rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis in Moldova: A mathematical modeling analysis [2024]
• Mongolia
  • Emerging Infectious Diseases
    • Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Patients for Whom First-Line Treatment Failed, Mongolia, 2010–2011 [2015]
• Myanmar
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Age and sex distribution of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and rifampicin resistance in Myanmar as detected by Xpert MTB/RIF [2021]
  • Ministry of Health and Sports
    • Guidelines for the Management of Drug-resistant Tuberculosis (DR-TB) in Myanmar [2017]
• Netherlands
  • Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control
    • Treatment outcomes of drug-resistant tuberculosis in the Netherlands, 2005–2015 [2019]
• Niger
  • International Health
    • Definitive outcomes in patients with rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis treated in Niger from 2012 to 2019: A retrospective cohort study [2023]
• Nigeria
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Cost of three models of care for drug-resistant tuberculosis patients in Nigeria [2019]
  • Federal Ministry of Health and Social Welfare
    • National Guidelines on the Implementation of Truenat Tests for the Detection of Tuberculosis and Rifampicin Resistance [2021]
    • National Guidelines for Clinical and Programmatic Management of Drug Resistant Tuberculosis in Nigeria [2020]
  • International Journal for Equity in Health
    • Ease and equity of access to free DR-TB services in Nigeria- a qualitative analysis of policies, structures and processes [2020]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Cost comparison of nine-month treatment regimens with 20-month standardized care for the treatment of rifampicin-resistant/multi-drug resistant tuberculosis in Nigeria [2020]
    • Procurement and Supply Management System for MDR-TB in Nigeria: Are the Early Warning Targets for Drug Stock Outs and Over Stock of Drugs Being Achieved? [2015]
  • Tropical Medicine & International Health
    • Cost-optimization in the treatment of multidrug resistant tuberculosis in Nigeria [2015]
• North Korea
  • PLoS Medicine
    • Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Treatment in North Korea: Is Scale-Up Possible? [2016]
    • The Growing Problem of Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis in North Korea [2013]
• Pakistan
  • Frontiers in Pharmacology
    • Treatment Outcomes of Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Pakistan: A Countrywide Retrospective Record Review [2021]
  • Ministry of National Health Services Regulations and Coordination
    • National Guidelines for the Programmatic Management of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis (PMDT) [2020]
  • Public Health Action
    • Did diabetes mellitus affect treatment outcome in drug-resistant tuberculosis patients in Pakistan from 2010 to 2014? [2018]
    • Infection control in hospitals managing drug-resistant tuberculosis in Pakistan: how are we doing? [2017]
• Papua New Guinea
  • PLoS ONE
    • The Burden of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Papua New Guinea: Results of a Large Population-Based Survey [2016]
• Philippines
  • Department of Health Philippines
    • Advisory on the 2023 Key Updates to the Current Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Treatment Guidelines [2024]
    • Use of XDR Assay for the Rapid Detection of DRTB [2021]
  • Tuberculosis
    • Molecular characterization of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis among Filipino patients derived from the national tuberculosis prevalence survey Philippines 2016 [2022]
• Portugal
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • A nationwide study of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Portugal 2014–2017 using epidemiological and molecular clustering analyses [2019]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Evaluation of drug-resistant tuberculosis treatment outcome in Portugal, 2000–2016 [2021]
  • Scientific Reports
    • Using Bayesian spatial models to map and to identify geographical hotspots of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Portugal between 2000 and 2016 [2020]
• Republic of Guinea
  • Infection, Genetics and Evolution
    • First insights into circulating Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex lineages and drug resistance in Guinea [2015]
• Republic of Korea
  • Journal of Korean Medical Science
    • Nationwide Treatment Outcomes of Patients With Multidrug/Rifampin-Resistant Tuberculosis in Korea, 2011-2017: A Retrospective Cohort Study (Korean TB-POST) [2023]
  • Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection
    • Comparative safety of bedaquiline and delamanid in patients with multidrug resistant tuberculosis: A nationwide retrospective cohort study [2023]
    • Temporal trends of pharmacologic treatments for tuberculosis and multidrug resistant tuberculosis following dissemination of treatment guidelines in South Korea [2022]
  • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
    • Treatment of Isoniazid-Resistant Pulmonary Tuberculosis [2020]
    • WHO Treatment Guidelines for Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis, 2016 Update: Applicability in South Korea [2017]
    • Medical Management of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis [2015]
• Rwanda
  • International Health
    • Continuous surveillance of drug-resistant TB burden in Rwanda: a retrospective cross-sectional study [2023]
• Saudi Arabia
  • Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
    • Epidemiology of Antituberculosis Drug Resistance in Saudi Arabia: Findings of the First National Survey [2013]
• Sierra Leone
  • Lancet Global Health
    • Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Sierra Leone [2022]
• Singapore
  • Singapore Medical Journal
    • The imminent threat of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Singapore [2012]
• Slovakia
  • Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases
    • Anti-tuberculosis drug resistance in Slovakia, 2018–2019: The first whole-genome epidemiological study [2021]
• Somalia
  • Emerging Infectious Diseases
    • Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis, Somalia, 2010–2011 [2013]
• South Africa
  • Clinical Infectious Diseases
    • Treatment of Multidrug-resistant or Rifampicin-resistant Tuberculosis With an All-oral 9-month Regimen Containing Linezolid or Ethionamide in South Africa: A Retrospective Cohort Study [2024]
  • Global Public Health
    • Cycles of antibiotic use and emergent antimicrobial resistance in the South African tuberculosis programme (1950-2021): A scoping review and critical reflections on stewardship [2024]
  • International Journal of Infectious Diseases
    • Predictors of mortality and treatment success during treatment for rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis within the South African National TB Programme, 2009 to 2011: a cohort analysis of the national case register [2015]
  • International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
    • Favourable outcomes in RR-TB patients using BPaL and other WHO-recommended second-line anti-TB drugs [2023]
    • Epidemiology of drug-resistant tuberculosis among children and adolescents in South Africa, 2005–2010 [2015]
    • A national infection control evaluation of drug-resistant tuberculosis hospitals in South Africa [2012]
  • Journal of Clinical Microbiology
    • Molecular Epidemiological Interpretation of the Epidemic of Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in South Africa [2015]
  • National Department of Health South Africa
    • Clinical Management of Rifampicin-Resistant Tuberculosis: Updated Clinical Reference Guide [2023]
    • Multi-Drug Resistant Tuberculosis: A Policy Framework on Decentralised and Deinstitutionalised Management for South Africa [2019]
    • Management of Rifampicin-Resistant Tuberculosis: A Clinical Reference Guide [2019]
    • Management of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis [2013]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Patient and provider costs of the new BPaL regimen for drug-resistant tuberculosis treatment in South Africa: A cost-effectiveness analysis [2024]
    • Provision of guideline-based care for drug-resistant tuberculosis in South Africa: Level of concordance between prescribing practices and guidelines [2018]
    • What is the Cost of Diagnosis and Management of Drug Resistant Tuberculosis in South Africa? [2013]
• Spain
  • Archivos de Bronconeumología
    • Executive Summary: Clinical Practice Guidelines on the Management of Resistant Tuberculosis of the Spanish Society of Pulmonology and Thoracic Surgery (SEPAR) and the Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC) [2024]
    • Diagnosis and Treatment of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis [2017]
  • Scientific Reports
    • The value of the continuous genotyping of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis over 20 years in Spain [2020]
• Sri Lanka
  • Ministry of Health Sri Lanka
    • National Guidelines for Programmatic Management of Drug Resistant Tuberculosis [2021]
• Sub-Saharan Africa
  • BMC Health Services Research
    • Baseline assessment of pharmacovigilance activities in four sub-Saharan African countries: a perspective on tuberculosis [2021]
  • BMC Public Health
    • Socio-economic drivers of drug-resistant tuberculosis in Africa: a scoping review [2021]
  • BMJ Global Health
    • Factors influencing diagnosis and treatment initiation for multidrug-resistant/rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis in six sub-Saharan African countries: a mixed-methods systematic review [2020]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Incidence and predictors of mortality among persons receiving second-line tuberculosis treatment in sub-Saharan Africa: A meta-analysis of 43 cohort studies [2021]
    • Trends in prevalence of multi drug resistant tuberculosis in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2017]
• Sudan
  • Antibiotics
    • Prevalence of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Sudan: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2021]
• Taiwan
  • PLoS ONE
    • Impact of universal drug susceptibility testing and effective management of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Taiwan [2019]
    • Population-Based Drug Resistance Surveillance of Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Taiwan, 2007-2014 [2016]
• Tanzania
  • Ministry of Health Tanzania
    • Nutrition Implementation Guideline for MDR-TB Patients in Tanzania [2016]
  • Tropical Medicine & International Health
    • The second national anti-tuberculosis drug resistance survey in Tanzania, 2017-2018 [2022]
• Timor-Leste
  • Global Health Research and Policy
    • Experience on the first national anti-TB drug resistance survey (DRS) in Timor-Leste [2022]
• Uganda
  • Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control
    • Epidemiological profile of patients with rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis: an analysis of the Uganda National Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory Surveillance Data, 2014–2018 [2021]
  • BMC Pulmonary Medicine
    • Multidisciplinary management of difficult-to-treat drug resistant tuberculosis: a review of cases presented to the national consilium in Uganda [2021]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Anti-Tuberculosis Drug Resistance among New and Previously Treated Sputum Smear-Positive Tuberculosis Patients in Uganda: Results of the First National Survey [2013]
• United Kingdom
  • British Thoracic Society
    • The Management of Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis (MDRTB) [2016]
  • Bulletin of the World Health Organization
    • Drug-resistant tuberculosis treatments, the case for a phase III platform trial [2024]
  • Emerging Infectious Diseases
    • Acquired Resistance to Antituberculosis Drugs in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland, 2000–2015 [2018]
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Twenty years and counting: epidemiology of an outbreak of isoniazid-resistant tuberculosis in England and Wales, 1995 to 2014 [2017]
  • NHS England
    • Clinical commissioning policy: bedaquiline (B), pretomanid (Pa), linezolid (L) +/- moxifloxacin (M) (BPaLM/BPaL) for patients aged >=14 years with suspected, functional or confirmed rifampicin resistant (RR) tuberculosis (TB), multidrug-resistant (MDR) TB or pre-extensively drug resistant (pre-XDR) TB [URN: 2310] [2024]
    • Clinical commissioning policy statement (2317): treatment for defined patients with rifampicin resistant (RR) tuberculosis (TB), multidrug-resistant (MDR) TB, pre-extensively drug-resistant (pre-XDR) TB and extensively drug-resistant (XDR-TB) including bedaquiline and delamanid (all ages) [2024]
    • Treatment for defined patients with MDR-TB and XDR-TB including bedaquiline and delamanid [2020]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Cost-Effectiveness of Adding Bedaquiline to Drug Regimens for the Treatment of Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis in the UK [2015]
• United States
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Disease
  • Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases
    • Introduction and evaluation of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis supplemental surveillance in the United States [2019]
• Uzbekistan
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Uzbekistan: results of a nationwide survey, 2010 to 2011 [2013]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Trends, Characteristics and Treatment Outcomes of Patients with Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Uzbekistan: 2013–2018 [2021]
    • Treatment Compliance of Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis in Uzbekistan: Does Practice Follow Policy? [2021]
    • Scaling Up Molecular Diagnostic Tests for Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Uzbekistan from 2012–2019: Are We on the Right Track? [2021]
• Vietnam
  • BMC Public Health
    • Challenges in detection and treatment of multidrug resistant tuberculosis patients in Vietnam [2015]
  • Western Pacific Surveillance and Response Journal
    • Prevalence of resistance to second-line tuberculosis drug among multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patients in Viet Nam, 2011 [2016]
• West Africa
  • BMC Medicine
    • The emerging threat of pre-extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis in West Africa: preparing for large-scale tuberculosis research and drug resistance surveillance [2016]
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • Opinion review of drug resistant tuberculosis in West Africa: tackling the challenges for effective control [2024]
• West and Central Africa
  • International Journal of Infectious Diseases
    • Treatment outcomes for multidrug- and rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis in Central and West Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2022]
• WHO
  • World Health Organization
    • Nucleic acid tests for detection of drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex: protocol for performance evaluation of in vitro diagnostics for WHO prequalification assessment [2024]
    • Key updates to the treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis: rapid communication, June 2024 [2024]
    • Diagnosis of tuberculosis and detection of drug-resistance: rapid communication [2024]
    • Co-administration of treatment for drug-resistant tuberculosis and hepatitis C: rapid communication [2024]
    • Use of targeted next-generation sequencingto detect drug-resistant tuberculosis [2023]
    • Use of delamanid in children and adolescents with multidrug- and rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis: information note [2023]
    • Use of bedaquiline in children and adolescents with multidrug- and rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis: information note [2023]
    • The use of next-generation sequencing for the surveillance of drug-resistant tuberculosis: an implementation manual [2023]
    • Catalogue of mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and their association with drug resistance, 2nd ed [2023]
    • Call to action: Shorter and more effective treatment for all people suffering from drug-resistant TB [2023]
    • WHO operational handbook on tuberculosis. Module 4: treatment - drug-resistant tuberculosis treatment, 2022 update [2022]
    • WHO consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis. Module 4: treatment - drug-resistant tuberculosis treatment, 2022 update [2022]
    • Rapid communication: Key changes to the treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis [2022]
    • Optimized broth microdilution plate methodology for drug susceptibility testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex [2022]
    • Manual for selection of molecular WHO recommended rapid diagnostic tests for detection of tuberculosis and drug-resistant tuberculosis [2022]
    • Line probe assays for detection of drug-resistant tuberculosis: interpretation and reporting manual for laboratory staff and clinicians [2022]
    • Use of Xpert MTB/RIF and Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra on GeneXpert 10-colour instruments [2021]
    • Update on the use of nucleic acid amplification tests to detect TB and drug-resistant TB: rapid communication [2021]
    • Technical Report on critical concentrations for drug susceptibility testing of isoniazid and the rifamycins (rifampicin, rifabutin and rifapentine) [2021]
    • Target product profile for next-generation tuberculosis drug-susceptibility testing at peripheral centres [2021]
    • Meeting report of the WHO expert consultation on the definition of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis [2021]
    • Meeting report of the WHO expert consultation on drug-resistant tuberculosis treatment outcome definitions, 17-19 November 2020 [2021]
    • Catalogue of mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and their association with drug resistance [2021]
    • WHO Operational Handbook on Tuberculosis, Module 4: Treatment - Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Treatment [2020]
    • WHO Consolidated Guidelines on Tuberculosis, Module 4: Treatment - Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Treatment [2020]
    • Rapid Communication: Molecular assays as initial tests for the diagnosis of tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance [2020]
    • Molecular assays intended as initial tests for the diagnosis of pulmonary and extrapulmonary TB and rifampicin resistance in adults and children: rapid communication [2020]
    • Guidance for the surveillance of drug resistance in tuberculosis: Sixth edition [2020]
    • WHO consolidated guidelines on drug-resistant tuberculosis treatment [2019]
    • Evaluation of centralized assays for TB detection and detection of resistance to rifampicin and isoniazid [2019]
    • WHO Information Note on developing policy guidance for drug-resistant tuberculosis [2018]
    • The use of next-generation sequencing technologies for the detection of mutations associated with drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex: technical guide [2018]
    • Technical report on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) of medicines used in the treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis [2018]
    • Technical report on critical concentrations for drug susceptibility testing of medicines used in the treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis [2018]
    • Technical manual for drug susceptibility testing of medicines used in the treatment of tuberculosis [2018]
    • Technical guide on next-generation sequencing technologies for the detection of mutations associated with drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex [2018]
    • Rapid communication: key changes to treatment of multidrug- and rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (MDR/RR-TB) [2018]
    • WHO meeting report of a technical expert consultation: non-inferiority analysis of Xpert MTB/RIF ultra compared to Xpert MTB/RIF [2017]
    • WHO best-practice statement on the off-label use of bedaquiline and delamanid for the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis [2017]
    • Report of the guideline development group meeting on the use of bedaquiline in the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: a review of available evidence (2016), 28 - 29 June 2016, Geneva, Switzerland [2017]
    • Xpert MTB/RIF assay for the diagnosis TB: meeting report [2016]
    • WHO Treatment Guidelines for Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis, 2016 Update [2016]
    • The use of delamanid in the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in children and adolescents: Interim policy guidance [2016]
    • The use of delamanid in the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: interim policy guidance [2014]
    • Management of drug-resistant tuberculosis - Training for staff working at DR-TB management centres [2014]
    • Automated Real-Time Nucleic Acid Amplification Technology for Rapid and Simultaneous Detection of Tuberculosis and Rifampicin Resistance: Xpert MTB/RIF Assay for the Diagnosis of Pulmonary and Extrapulmonary TB in Adults and Children: Policy Update [2013]
    • Towards universal access to diagnosis and treatment of multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis by 2015 : WHO progress report 2011 [2011]
    • Rapid implementation of the Xpert MTB/RIF diagnostic test: technical and operational 'How-to'; practical considerations [2011]
    • Policy statement: automated real-time nucleic acid amplification technology for rapid and simultaneous detection of tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance: Xpert MTB/RIF system [2011]
    • Noncommercial culture and drug-susceptibility testing methods for screening patients at risk for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: policy statement [2011]
    • Guidelines for the programmatic management of drug-resistant tuberculosis - 2011 update [2011]
    • Checklist of prerequisites to country implementation of Xpert MTB/RIF and key action points at country level [2011]
    • Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) indicators: a minimum set of indicators for the programmatic management of MDR-TB in national tuberculosis control programmes [2010]
    • Multidrug and extensively drug-resistant TB (M/XDR-TB) : 2010 global report on surveillance and response [2010]
    • Green light committee initiative of the working group on multidrug-resistant tuberculosis of the Stop TB partnership: annual report 2009 [2010]
    • Management of MDR-TB: A field guide [2009]
    • Green light committee initiative of the working group on MDR-TB of the Stop TB partnership: annual report 2008 [2009]
    • Global tuberculosis control and patient care : meeting report : a ministerial meeting of high M/XDR-TB burden countries [2009]
    • Guidelines for the programmatic management of drug-resistant tuberculosis [2008]
    • Green light committee initiative of the working group on MDR-TB of the Stop TB partnership: annual report 2007 [2008]
    • Anti-tuberculosis drug resistance in the world : fourth global report [2008]
    • Tackling the drug-resistant TB crisis
    • Drug resistant TB
• WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region
  • WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region
    • Strategic plan for the prevention and control of multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis in the Eastern Mediterranean Region [2010]
• WHO South-East Asia Region
  • WHO South-East Asia Region
    • The Thirteenth Meeting of the South-East Asia Regional MDR-TB Advisory Committee (SEA RGLC) [2021]
    • Capacity-building of affected communities for accelerated response to drug-resistant tuberculosis in the South-East Asia Region [2019]
• WHO Western Pacific Region
  • Western Pacific Surveillance and Response Journal
    • Progress on diagnosis and treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis in line with World Health Organization recommendations in six priority countries in the Western Pacific Region [2022]
  • WHO Western Pacific Region
    • Drug-resistant tuberculosis in the WHO Western Pacific Region [2014]
• Zambia
  • Tropical Medicine & International Health
    • The Second Zambian National Tuberculosis Drug Resistance survey – a comparison of conventional and molecular methods [2015]
    • Multidrug-resistant TB in Zambia: review of national data from 2000 to 2011 [2013]
• Zimbabwe
  • Pan African Medical Journal
    • Predictors of mortality and treatment success of multi-drug resistant and Rifampicin resistant tuberculosis in Zimbabwe: a retrospective cohort analysis of patients initiated on treatment during 2010 to 2015 [2021]
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Tuberculosis: treatment

Tuberculosis: epidemiology

• Afghanistan
  • PLoS ONE
    • An Evaluation of Passive and Active Approaches to Improve Tuberculosis Notifications in Afghanistan [2016]
• Africa
  • BMC Medical Research Methodology
    • A systematic review of the quality of conduct and reporting of survival analyses of tuberculosis outcomes in Africa [2021]
  • BMC Medicine
    • Sex-related absolute inequalities in tuberculosis incidence in 47 countries in Africa [2025]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Epidemiology of tuberculous lymphadenitis in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2019]
• Americas
  • Pan American Health Organization
    • Tuberculosis in the Americas. Regional Report 2021 [2022]
• Armenia
  • Public Health Action
    • Performance of decentralised facilities in tuberculosis case notification and treatment success in Armenia [2014]
• Asia, North Africa
  • Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran
    • Trend analysis and longitudinal clustering of tuberculosis mortality in Asian and North African countries: Results from the global burden of disease 2017 study [2021]
• Australia
  • PLoS ONE
    • Epidemiology, Diagnosis and Management of Extra-Pulmonary Tuberculosis in a Low-Prevalence Country: A Four Year Retrospective Study in an Australian Tertiary Infectious Diseases Unit [2016]
  • Western Pacific Surveillance and Response Journal
    • Tuberculosis in elderly Australians: a 10-year retrospective review [2024]
• Benin
  • Tuberculosis Research and Treatment
    • Tuberculosis Case Finding in Benin, 2000–2014 and Beyond: A Retrospective Cohort and Time Series Study [2016]
• Bosnia and Herzegovina
  • Materia Socio-Medica
    • Epidemiology of Tuberculosis During the Period 1703–2011: Honoring the World Tuberculosis Day [2013]
• Brazil
  • BMJ Open
    • Identifying socioeconomic, epidemiological and operational scenarios for tuberculosis control in Brazil: an ecological study [2018]
  • Epidemics
    • Bayesian evidence synthesis to estimate subnational TB incidence: An application in Brazil [2021]
  • Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia
    • Tuberculosis in Brazil: one country, multiple realities [2021]
  • Lancet Global Health
    • Excess tuberculosis cases and deaths following an economic recession in Brazil: an analysis of nationally representative disease registry data [2022]
  • Lancet Infectious Diseases
    • Incidence and risk factors of tuberculosis among 420 854 household contacts of patients with tuberculosis in the 100 Million Brazilian Cohort (2004-18): a cohort study [2024]
  • Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
    • Molecular epidemiology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Brazil before the whole genome sequencing era: a literature review [2021]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Time trend, social vulnerability, and identification of risk areas for tuberculosis in Brazil: An ecological study [2022]
    • Tuberculosis in Brazil and cash transfer programs: A longitudinal database study of the effect of cash transfer on cure rates [2019]
    • Ethnic and Racial Inequalities in Notified Cases of Tuberculosis in Brazil [2016]
  • Population Health Metrics
    • The burden of tuberculosis and attributable risk factors in Brazil, 1990–2017: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 [2020]
  • Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia
    • Tuberculosis incidence in Brazil: time series analysis between 2001 and 2021 and projection until 2030 [2024]
    • Spatial-temporal evolution of tuberculosis incidence rates in indigenous and non-indigenous people of Brazil, from 2011 to 2022 [2023]
    • Spatiotemporal pattern of the incidence of tuberculosis and associated factors [2022]
  • Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical
    • Temporal Pattern and Spatial Distribution of Tuberculosis Prevalence Associated with Multimorbidity in Brazil [2024]
• Brunei Darussalam
  • BMJ Open
    • Epidemiology of extrapulmonary tuberculosis in Brunei Darussalam: a retrospective cohort study [2023]
• Cambodia
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Progress towards the 2020 milestones of the end TB strategy in Cambodia: estimates of age and sex specific TB incidence and mortality from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 [2022]
  • Western Pacific Surveillance and Response Journal
    • Tuberculosis case-finding in Cambodia: analysis of case notification data, 2000 to 2013 [2015]
• Canada
  • Canadian Thoracic Society
    • Epidemiology of tuberculosis in Canada [2022]
  • CMAJ
    • The prevalence of tuberculosis infection among foreign-born Canadians: a modelling study [2023]
  • Journal of Public Health Research
    • Tuberculosis in Quebec: a Review of Trends [2012]
  • Public Health Agency of Canada
    • Tuberculosis in Canada - Summary 2015 [2017]
    • Tuberculosis in Canada: 2015 Supplementary data [2017]
    • Tuberculosis: Monitoring
• Central Africa
  • Scientific Reports
    • Long-term trends of tuberculosis incidence and mortality in four central African countries [2021]
• China
  • Biomedical and Environmental Sciences
    • Changes in Notified Incidence of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in China, 2005-2020 [2023]
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Analysis of the epidemiological trends of Tuberculosis in China from 2000 to 2021 based on the joinpoint regression model [2024]
    • Incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis under the regular COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control in China [2022]
  • BMC Public Health
    • Epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis in mainland China from 2004 to 2015: a model-based analysis [2019]
  • BMC Pulmonary Medicine
    • The temporal trend of tuberculosis burden in an aging population in China: a secondary data analysis from the GBD 2019 [2024]
  • BMJ Open
    • Under-reporting of diagnosed tuberculosis to the national surveillance system in China: an inventory study in nine counties in 2015 [2019]
    • Temporal trends analysis of tuberculosis morbidity in mainland China from 1997 to 2025 using a new SARIMA-NARNNX hybrid model [2019]
  • China CDC Weekly
    • Predicted Impact of the COVID-19 Responses on Deaths of Tuberculosis — China, 2020 [2021]
    • Underreporting of Notifiable Pulmonary Tuberculosis Cases to the National Tuberculosis Information Management System — China, 2015 [2020]
  • Chinese Medical Journal
    • Notification Rate of Tuberculosis among Migrants in China 2005–2014: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis [2016]
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • Tuberculosis disease burden in China: a spatio-temporal clustering and prediction study [2025]
    • Trends in tuberculosis mortality among older adults in China, 2004-2021: a Joinpoint regression and age-period-cohort analysis [2025]
    • Disease burden of tuberculosis in China from 1990 to 2021 and its prediction to 2036 [2025]
    • Age-period-cohort analysis and prediction of tuberculosis trends in China-based on the Global Burden of Disease 2021 data [2025]
    • The incidence of tuberculous pleurisy in mainland China from 2005 to 2018 [2023]
    • An Ecological Study of Tuberculosis Incidence in China, From 2002 to 2018 [2022]
  • Infection and Drug Resistance
    • Estimating the Effects of the COVID-19 Outbreak on the Reductions in Tuberculosis Cases and the Epidemiological Trends in China: A Causal Impact Analysis [2021]
    • Secular Seasonality and Trend Forecasting of Tuberculosis Incidence Rate in China Using the Advanced Error-Trend-Seasonal Framework [2020]
  • Infectious Diseases of Poverty
    • Association of urbanization-related factors with tuberculosis incidence among 1992 counties in China from 2005 to 2019: a nationwide observational study [2025]
    • Epidemiological characteristics of tuberculosis incidence and its macro-influence factors in Chinese mainland during 2014-2021 [2024]
    • Age-period-cohort analysis of pulmonary tuberculosis reported incidence, China, 2006-2020 [2022]
    • Changes in newly notified cases and control of tuberculosis in China: time-series analysis of surveillance data [2021]
    • Spatial inequality, characteristics of internal migration, and pulmonary tuberculosis in China, 2011–2017: a spatial analysis [2020]
  • International Journal of Clinical Practice
    • Epidemiology and Association Rules Analysis for Pulmonary Tuberculosis Cases with Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis from Age and Gender Perspective: A Large-Scale Retrospective Multicenter Observational Study in China [2023]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Temporal Trends in Notification and Mortality of Tuberculosis in China, 2004–2019: A Joinpoint and Age–Period–Cohort Analysis [2021]
    • Assessing the Quality of Reporting to China’s National TB Surveillance Systems [2021]
  • International Journal of Infectious Diseases
    • Extrapulmonary tuberculosis in China: a national survey [2023]
    • Epidemiology of concurrent extrapulmonary tuberculosis in inpatients with extrapulmonary tuberculosis lesions in China: a large-scale observational multi-centre investigation [2022]
    • Analysis on spatial-temporal distribution characteristics of smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis in China, 2004–2015 [2019]
  • JAMA Network Open
    • Changes in Incidence and Epidemiological Characteristics of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Mainland China, 2005-2016 [2021]
  • Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health
    • Epidemiological Characteristics and Disease Burden of Tuberculous Meningitis in Hospitalized Children in China: A Nationwide Retrospective Study [2025]
  • Journal of Global Health
    • The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on reported tuberculosis incidence and mortality in China: An interrupted time series analysis [2023]
  • Lancet Global Health
    • Prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis in western China in 2010-11: a population-based, cross-sectional survey [2016]
  • PeerJ
    • Temporal disruption in tuberculosis incidence patterns during COVID-19: a time series analysis in China [2024]
  • PLoS ONE
    • The epidemiology of extrapulmonary tuberculosis in China: A large-scale multi-center observational study [2020]
  • Scientific Reports
    • The burden and challenges of tuberculosis in China: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 [2017]
  • Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management
    • Frequency of tuberculosis among diabetic patients in the People’s Republic of China [2014]
• Denmark
  • EuroSurveillance
    • The impact of living conditions and health interventions on tuberculosis, Denmark, 1876 to 2022 [2024]
    • Prevalence estimates of tuberculosis infection in adults in Denmark: a retrospective nationwide register-based cross-sectional study, 2010 to 2018 [2024]
    • Tuberculosis incidence among migrants according to migrant status: a cohort study, Denmark, 1993 to 2015 [2019]
  • International Journal of Infectious Diseases
    • The economic burden of Tuberculosis in Denmark 1998-2010. Cost analysis in patients and their spouses [2015]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Characteristics and predictors for tuberculosis related mortality in Denmark from 2009 through 2014: A retrospective cohort study [2020]
• Egypt
  • Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal
    • Systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence, incidence and treatment outcomes of tuberculosis in Egypt: updated overview [2024]
  • Scientific Reports
    • Incidence and determinants of extrapulmonary tuberculosis in Egypt: a retrospective cohort study [2025]
• Eritrea
  • Bulletin of the World Health Organization
    • Determining the burden of tuberculosis in Eritrea: a new approach [2007]
  • Emerging Infectious Diseases
    • Evaluating Tuberculosis Case Detection in Eritrea [2007]
• Eswatini
  • International Journal of Public Health
    • The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Tuberculosis Case Notification and Treatment Outcomes in Eswatini [2022]
• Ethiopia
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Forecasting tuberculosis in Ethiopia using deep learning: progress toward sustainable development goal evidence from global burden of disease 1990-2021 [2025]
    • Tuberculosis (TB) in the refugee camps in Ethiopia: trends of case notification, profile, and treatment outcomes, 2014 to 2017 [2021]
    • Spoligotyping based genetic diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Ethiopia: a systematic review [2018]
  • BMJ Open
    • Mapping tuberculosis prevalence in Ethiopia: protocol for a geospatial meta-analysis [2020]
  • Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences
    • Tuberculosis Burden in Ethiopia from 1990 to 2016: Evidence from the Global Burden of Diseases 2016 Study [2018]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis among key and vulnerable populations in hotspot settings of Ethiopia. A systematic review and meta-analysis [2024]
    • Bacteriologically confirmed extrapulmonary tuberculosis and the associated risk factors among extrapulmonary tuberculosis suspected patients in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2022]
• Europe
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Differences found in patient characteristics of migrant tuberculosis sub-populations within low TB incidence European countries, 2014-2020 [2025]
  • European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control
    • Tuberculosis surveillance and monitoring in Europe 2025 - 2023 data [2025]
    • Tuberculosis - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2022 [2024]
    • Social determinants and risk factors in tuberculosis surveillance in the EU/EEA [2018]
    • Tuberculosis in Europe: from passive control to active elimination – high- and low-incidence countries [2015]
    • Annual epidemiological report 2014 – respiratory tract infections – tuberculosis [2015]
  • European Journal of Public Health
    • Tuberculosis among migrant populations in the European Union and the European Economic Area [2014]
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Tuberculosis rates in migrants in low-incidence European countries, according to country of origin, reporting country and recency of immigration, 2014 to 2020 [2025]
    • Tuberculosis in people of Ukrainian origin in the European Union and the European Economic Area, 2019 to 2022 [2024]
    • Tuberculosis incidence in foreign-born people residing in European countries in 2020 [2023]
    • Monitoring the progress achieved towards ending tuberculosis in the European Union/European Economic Area, 2018 to 2021 [2023]
    • Completeness of tuberculosis (TB) notification: inventory studies and capture-recapture analyses, six European Union countries, 2014 to 2016 [2020]
    • Will we reach the Sustainable Development Goals target for tuberculosis in the European Union/European Economic Area by 2030? [2019]
    • Tuberculosis in the European Union/European Economic Area: much progress, still many challenges [2019]
    • Tuberculosis notification rate decreases faster in residents of native origin than in residents of foreign origin in the EU/EEA, 2010 to 2015 [2017]
    • The effect of migration within the European Union/European Economic Area on the distribution of tuberculosis, 2007 to 2013 [2016]
    • Migration-related tuberculosis: epidemiology and characteristics of tuberculosis cases originating outside the European Union and European Economic Area, 2007 to 2013 [2016]
    • Impact of migration on tuberculosis epidemiology and control in the EU/EEA [2016]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Tuberculosis Notification Trends and Treatment Outcomes in Penitentiary and Civilian Health Care Sectors in the WHO European Region [2021]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Determinants of site of tuberculosis disease: An analysis of European surveillance data from 2003 to 2014 [2017]
  • Public Health Action
    • Social determinants and risk factors for tuberculosis in national surveillance systems in Europe [2015]
  • TBNET
    • Burden and Characteristics of the Comorbidity Tuberculosis—Diabetes in Europe: TBnet Prevalence Survey and Case-Control Study [2019]
  • WHO European Region
    • Tuberculosis surveillance and monitoring in Europe 2025 – 2023 data [2025]
    • Tuberculosis surveillance and monitoring in Europe 2024 – 2022 data [2024]
    • Tuberculosis surveillance and monitoring in Europe 2023: 2021 data [2023]
• Fiji
  • Emerging Infectious Diseases
    • Tuberculosis, Fiji, 2002–2013 [2016]
• Finland
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Recurrent tuberculosis in Finland 1995–2013: a clinical and epidemiological cohort study [2017]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Transmission of tuberculosis between foreign-born and Finnish-born populations in Finland, 2014–2017 [2021]
    • Molecular Epidemiology of Tuberculosis in Finland, 2008-2011 [2013]
• Germany
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Completeness of tuberculosis case notifications in Germany in 2013–2017: first results of an inventory study [2020]
  • BMC Public Health
    • Seasonality in extra-pulmonary tuberculosis notifications in Germany 2004-2014- a time series analysis [2021]
  • European Journal of Microbiology & Immunology
    • Tuberculosis surveillance and control in Germany – An application of the Berlin Declaration Monitoring and Evaluation Framework [2012]
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Tuberculosis in times of war and crisis: Epidemiological trends and characteristics of patients born in Ukraine, Germany, 2022 [2023]
    • The burden of extrapulmonary and meningitis tuberculosis: an investigation of national surveillance data, Germany, 2002 to 2009 [2013]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Tuberculosis among Health Workers—A Secondary Data Analysis of German Social Accident Insurance Data from 2002–2017 [2020]
  • Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology
    • Tuberculosis in healthcare workers – a narrative review from a German perspective [2014]
  • Robert Koch Institute
    • Report on the Epidemiology of Tuberculosis in Germany
• Guinea-Bissau
  • Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem
    • Spatial and temporal analysis of tuberculosis incidence in Guinea-Bissau, 2018 to 2020 [2023]
• Haiti
  • International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
    • Evaluation of the national tuberculosis surveillance program in Haiti [2015]
• High-income countries
  • BMC Medicine
    • The impact of migration on tuberculosis epidemiology and control in high-income countries: a review [2016]
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • Gender differences in tuberculosis incidence rates-A pooled analysis of data from seven high-income countries by age group and time period [2023]
• India
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Wealth-based inequalities in tuberculosis prevalence among households having children and young adults in India: insights from Indian demographic and health surveys (2015-2021) [2025]
  • BMC Pulmonary Medicine
    • Trends in incidence and mortality of tuberculosis in India over past three decades: a joinpoint and age–period–cohort analysis [2021]
  • BMJ Global Health
    • Tuberculosis case fatality in India: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2020]
    • India’s syndemic of tuberculosis and COVID-19 [2020]
  • Indian Journal of Medical Research
    • How to bend the curve of TB incidence downwards in India [2024]
    • The prevalence of tuberculosis infection in India: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2023]
  • Journal of Infection and Public Health
    • Prevalence and factors associated with tuberculosis infection in India [2023]
  • Lung India
    • Prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis in India: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2020]
  • Ministry of Health and Family Welfare India
    • National TB Prevalence Survey in India 2019 – 2021
  • PLoS ONE
    • Recurrence of pulmonary tuberculosis in India: Findings from the 2019-2021 nationwide community-based TB prevalence survey [2023]
    • Prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis among the tribal populations in India [2021]
  • Tropical Medicine & International Health
    • TB notification rates across parliamentary constituencies in India: a step towards data-driven political engagement [2021]
• Indonesia
  • Lancet Global Health
    • Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on tuberculosis control in Indonesia: a nationwide longitudinal analysis of programme data [2023]
    • Clinical and economic burden of drug-susceptible tuberculosis in Indonesia: national trends 2017-19 [2023]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Variation of tuberculosis prevalence across diagnostic approaches and geographical areas of Indonesia [2021]
• International
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Epidemiology of TB in prisoners: a metanalysis of the prevalence of active and latent TB [2023]
    • Declining incidence rate of tuberculosis among close contacts in five years post-exposure: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2023]
    • Does tuberculosis threaten our ageing populations? [2016]
  • BMC Medicine
    • Methods used in the spatial analysis of tuberculosis epidemiology: a systematic review [2018]
    • Global variation in bacterial strains that cause tuberculosis disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2018]
  • BMC Public Health
    • Global, regional, and national burden of tuberculosis and attributable risk factors for 204 countries and territories, 1990-2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Diseases 2021 study [2024]
    • Global, regional and national trends in tuberculosis incidence and main risk factors: a study using data from 2000 to 2021 [2024]
    • The social determinants of national tuberculosis incidence rates in 116 countries: a longitudinal ecological study between 2005-2015 [2023]
    • Geographical evolutionary pathway of global tuberculosis incidence trends [2023]
    • Geo-spatial high-risk clusters of Tuberculosis in the global general population: a systematic review [2023]
  • BMC Pulmonary Medicine
    • Trends in pulmonary tuberculosis mortality between 1985 and 2018: an observational analysis [2023]
  • BMJ Open
    • Epidemiological features and temporal trends of HIV-negative tuberculosis burden from 1990 to 2019: a retrospective analysis based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 [2023]
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Epidemiology of Tuberculosis and Progress Toward Meeting Global Targets — Worldwide, 2019 [2021]
    • Global Epidemiology of Tuberculosis and Progress Toward Meeting Global Targets — Worldwide, 2018 [2020]
  • Global Health Research and Policy
    • Prevalence of Tuberculosis among migrants under national screening programs: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2025]
  • Infectious Diseases of Poverty
    • Global, regional, and national burden of HIV-negative tuberculosis, 1990-2021: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 [2024]
  • International Journal of Epidemiology
    • Improving the quality of the Global Burden of Disease tuberculosis estimates from the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation [2023]
    • Methods for estimating tuberculosis incidence and mortality by age and sex [2021]
  • Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases
    • Effects of migration on tuberculosis epidemiological indicators in low and medium tuberculosis incidence countries: A systematic review [2021]
  • Journal of Global Health
    • Global, regional, and national mortality of tuberculosis attributable to alcohol and tobacco from 1990 to 2019: A modelling study based on the Global Burden of Disease study 2019 [2024]
  • Journal of Infection and Public Health
    • Present outlooks on the prevalence of minimal and subclinical tuberculosis and current diagnostic tests: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2024]
    • The global, regional, and national burden of tuberculosis in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019 [2023]
  • Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection
    • Global burden of tuberculosis attributable to cancer in 2019: Global, regional, and national estimates [2022]
  • Lancet Global Health
    • Economic impact of tuberculosis mortality in 120 countries and the cost of not achieving the Sustainable Development Goals tuberculosis targets: a full-income analysis [2021]
    • Proximate determinants of tuberculosis in Indigenous peoples worldwide: a systematic review [2019]
    • The impact of social protection and poverty elimination on global tuberculosis incidence: a statistical modelling analysis of Sustainable Development Goal 1 [2018]
  • Lancet Infectious Diseases
    • Burden of tuberculosis among vulnerable populations worldwide: an overview of systematic reviews [2023]
    • The impact of social protection on tuberculosis rates: a global analysis [2015]
  • Lancet Public Health
    • Global, regional, and national estimates of tuberculosis incidence and case detection among incarcerated individuals from 2000 to 2019: a systematic analysis [2023]
    • Incidence and prevalence of tuberculosis in incarcerated populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2021]
  • Lancet Respiratory Medicine
    • Tuberculosis prevalence: beyond the tip of the iceberg [2022]
  • Mediterranean Journal of Hematology and Infectious Diseases
    • Tuberculosis: epidemiology and control [2014]
  • PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
    • Systematic review and meta-analysis of Tuberculosis and COVID-19 Co-infection: Prevalence, fatality, and treatment considerations [2024]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Tuberculosis incidence, deaths and disability-adjusted life years in children and adolescence, 1990-2021: Results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 [2025]
  • Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical
    • Epidemiology and control strategies for tuberculosis in countries with the largest prison populations [2022]
  • Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
    • Global Epidemiology of Tuberculosis [2018]
• Iran
  • BMC Public Health
    • Distribution incidence, mortality of tuberculosis and human development index in Iran: estimates from the global burden of disease study 2019 [2023]
    • Spatio-temporal epidemiology of the tuberculosis incidence rate in Iran 2008 to 2018 [2021]
  • International Journal of Preventive Medicine
    • Role of Immigration in Tuberculosis Transmission to Iran: A Systematic Review [2020]
    • Trend of Smear-positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Iran during 1995–2012: A Segmented Regression Model [2016]
  • Iranian Journal of Public Health
    • The Pattern of Tuberculosis in Iran: A National Cross-Sectional Study [2023]
    • Predicting the Incidence of Smear Positive Tuberculosis Cases in Iran Using Time Series Analysis [2015]
    • Pattern of Reported Tuberculosis Cases in Iran 2009–2010 [2013]
• Ireland
  • Health Protection Surveillance Centre
    • Tuberculosis (TB)
• Japan
  • Epidemiology & Infection
    • Analysis of 605 tuberculosis outbreaks in Japan, 1993–2015: time, place and transmission site [2021]
  • Western Pacific Surveillance and Response Journal
    • Pulmonary tuberculosis and non-recent immigrants in Japan – some issues for post-entry interventions [2017]
• Kazakhstan
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Tuberculosis in Kazakhstan: analysis of risk determinants in national surveillance data [2012]
  • BMJ Open
    • Epidemiology of tuberculosis in Kazakhstan: data from the Unified National Electronic Healthcare System 2014-2019 [2023]
  • Journal of Infection and Public Health
    • Epidemiological and genetic aspects of pulmonary tuberculosis in Kazakhstan [2024]
• Kazakhstan, Mongolia
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • Trends and disparities in tuberculosis burden in Kazakhstan and Mongolia (2017-2021): a comparative analysis using GBD metrics [2025]
• Kiribati
  • International Journal of Infectious Diseases
    • Battling tuberculosis in an island context with a high burden of communicable and non-communicable diseases: epidemiology, progress, and lessons learned in Kiribati, 2000 to 2012 [2015]
• Kosovo
  • Materia Socio-Medica
    • Tuberculosis Incidence and Case Notification Rates in Kosovo and the Balkans in 2012: Cross-country Comparison [2014]
• Laos
  • Tropical Medicine & International Health
    • The first national tuberculosis prevalence survey of Lao PDR (2010–2011) [2015]
• Latin America
  • BMJ Global Health
    • Increasing tuberculosis burden in Latin America: an alarming trend for global control efforts [2021]
  • Genes
    • Tuberculosis Genetic Epidemiology: A Latin American Perspective [2019]
• Lesotho
  • PLoS ONE
    • Policy and programmatic directions for the Lesotho tuberculosis programme: Findings of the national tuberculosis prevalence survey, 2019 [2023]
• Low and middle income countries
  • BMJ Global Health
    • Factors driving adolescent tuberculosis incidence by age and sex in 30 high-tuberculosis burden countries: a mathematical modelling study [2025]
  • China CDC Weekly
    • Tuberculosis Prevalence Trends from a Predictive Modelling Study - 10 High-Burden Countries, 1980-2035 [2024]
  • Epidemiology & Infection
    • Incidence and prevalence of bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis among adolescents and young adults: a systematic review [2018]
  • Infectious Diseases of Poverty
    • Further analysis of tuberculosis in eight high-burden countries based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 data [2024]
  • PLoS Medicine
    • Sex Differences in Tuberculosis Burden and Notifications in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis [2016]
• Mexico
  • Canadian Respiratory Journal
    • Morbidity Trends and Risk of Tuberculosis: Mexico 2007–2017 [2019]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Association of Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Diabetes in Mexico: Analysis of the National Tuberculosis Registry 2000–2012 [2015]
• Mexico, United States
  • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
    • Tuberculosis in Mexico and the USA, Comparison of Trends Over Time 1990-2010 [2015]
• Middle East
  • International Journal of Infectious Diseases
    • Diabetes-related tuberculosis in the Middle East: an urgent need for regional research [2015]
• Middle East, North Africa
  • African Health Sciences
    • Epidemiological features of tuberculosis in the Middle East and North Africa from 1990 to 2019: results from the global burden of disease Study 2019 [2023]
• Mongolia
  • Western Pacific Surveillance and Response Journal
    • Epidemiology of tuberculosis in Mongolia: analysis of surveillance data, 2015-2019 [2023]
• Mozambique
  • Spatial and Spatio-temporal Epidemiology
    • Spatial distribution and determinants of tuberculosis incidence in Mozambique: A nationwide Bayesian disease mapping study [2024]
• Myanmar
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Are current case-finding methods under-diagnosing tuberculosis among women in Myanmar? An analysis of operational data from Yangon and the nationwide prevalence survey [2016]
  • PLOS Global Public Health
    • The fourth national tuberculosis prevalence survey in Myanmar [2022]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Determinants of correct knowledge on tuberculosis transmission and self-reported tuberculosis prevalence among general population aged 15-49 years in Myanmar [2023]
• Nepal
  • Infectious Diseases of Poverty
    • Spatial autocorrelation with environmental factors related to tuberculosis prevalence in Nepal, 2020-2023 [2025]
  • Ministry of Health and Population
    • National tuberculosis prevalence survey report [2020]
• Netherlands
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Recurrent tuberculosis in the Netherlands – a 24-year follow-up study, 1993 to 2016 [2022]
  • National Institute for Public Health and the Environment
    • Epidemiology of tuberculosis
• Nigeria
  • Tropical Medicine & International Health
    • Tuberculosis case detection in Nigeria, the unfinished agenda [2015]
• North Korea
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • Discrepancies in tuberculosis burden estimates: North Korean defectors vs. official reports [2025]
• Norway
  • BMC Public Health
    • Description of the largest cluster of tuberculosis notified in Norway 1997–2011: is the Norwegian tuberculosis control programme serving its purpose for high risk groups? [2015]
• Pacific Islands
  • Western Pacific Surveillance and Response Journal
    • Epidemiology of tuberculosis in the Pacific island countries and areas, 2000-2020 [2023]
    • The epidemiology of tuberculosis in the Pacific, 2000 to 2013 [2015]
• Pakistan
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • The relationship between seasonality, latitude and tuberculosis notifications in Pakistan [2021]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Population Based National Tuberculosis Prevalence Survey among Adults (>15 Years) in Pakistan, 2010–2011 [2016]
• Papua New Guinea
  • Western Pacific Surveillance and Response Journal
    • Epidemiology of tuberculosis in Papua New Guinea: analysis of case notification and treatment-outcome data, 2008–2016 [2018]
• Peru
  • Emerging Infectious Diseases
    • National Active Case-Finding Program for Tuberculosis in Prisons, Peru, 2024 [2025]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Factors Associated with Mortality with Tuberculosis Diagnosis in Indigenous Populations in Peru 2015-2019 [2022]
• Philippines
  • PLoS ONE
    • High TB burden and low notification rates in the Philippines: The 2016 national TB prevalence survey [2021]
  • Western Pacific Surveillance and Response Journal
    • Tuberculosis among children, adolescents and young adults in the Philippines: a surveillance report [2018]
    • The tuberculosis profile of the Philippines, 2003–2011: advancing DOTS and beyond [2013]
• Poland
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Inventory study on completeness of tuberculosis case notifications in Poland in 2018 [2024]
• Portugal
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Tuberculosis amongst foreign-born and nationals: different delays, different risk factors [2021]
  • Pulmonology
    • Decline of tuberculosis notification rate in different populations and regions in Portugal, 2010–2017 [2021]
• Republic of Korea
  • Emerging Infectious Diseases
    • Achievements in and Challenges of Tuberculosis Control in South Korea [2015]
  • Epidemiology and Health
    • Nationwide trends in the incidence of tuberculosis among people with disabilities in Korea: a nationwide serial cross-sectional study [2022]
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • The Relationship Between Socio-Demographic Factors and Tuberculosis Mortality in the Republic of Korea During 2008–2017 [2021]
  • Korean Journal of Internal Medicine
    • Estimating the burden of nosocomial exposure to tuberculosis in South Korea, a nationwide population based cross-sectional study [2021]
  • Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives
    • Tuberculosis Notification Completeness and Timeliness in the Republic of Korea During 2012–2014 [2016]
  • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
    • Increased Tuberculosis Burden Due to Demographic Transition in Korea from 2001 to 2010 [2013]
• Russia
  • Clinical Microbiology Reviews
    • Insights into the Origin, Emergence, and Current Spread of a Successful Russian Clone of Mycobacterium tuberculosis [2013]
  • Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health
    • Tuberculosis in the Russian Federation: Prognosis and Epidemiological Models in a Situation After the COVID-19 Pandemic [2023]
• Saudi Arabia
  • Annals of Thoracic Medicine
    • Tuberculosis incidence trends in Saudi Arabia over 20 years: 1991-2010 [2013]
  • International Journal of Mycobacteriology
    • Mapping the epidemiology and trends of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis in Saudi Arabia [2015]
  • Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health
    • The Prevalence of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis [2024]
  • Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
    • Tuberculosis in Saudi Arabia: the journey across time [2015]
  • Saudi Medical Journal
    • Epidemiology of tuberculosis in Saudi Arabia following the implementation of end tuberculosis strategy: Analysis of the surveillance data 2015-2019 [2024]
• Serbia
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Trends in tuberculosis notification and mortality and factors associated with treatment outcomes in Serbia, 2005 to 2015 [2020]
  • Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo
    • Influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on the incidence of tuberculosis and influenza [2021]
• Singapore
  • BMC Public Health
    • Time series analysis of demographic and temporal trends of tuberculosis in Singapore [2014]
  • Singapore Medical Journal
    • TB control in Singapore: where do we go from here? [2012]
    • TB Control in Singapore: the high price of diagnostic delay [2012]
• Solomon Islands
  • Public Health Action
    • Tuberculosis notifications, characteristics and treatment outcomes: urban vs. rural Solomon Islands, 2000–2011 [2014]
  • Western Pacific Surveillance and Response Journal
    • Tuberculosis in Solomon Islands: why declining case notifications may not reflect true incidence [2024]
    • Epidemiology of and programmatic response to tuberculosis in Solomon Islands: analysis of surveillance data, 2016-2022 [2024]
• South Africa
  • BMC Health Services Research
    • The epidemiology of tuberculosis in health care workers in South Africa: a systematic review [2016]
  • BMC Public Health
    • TB epidemiology: where are the young women? Know your tuberculosis epidemic, know your response [2018]
    • Completeness and Reliability of the Republic of South Africa National Tuberculosis (TB) Surveillance System [2015]
  • BMJ Global Health
    • Estimating the yield of tuberculosis from key populations to inform targeted interventions in South Africa: a scoping review [2020]
  • Lancet Infectious Diseases
    • Prevalence of bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis in South Africa, 2017-19: a multistage, cluster-based, cross-sectional survey [2022]
  • Scientific Reports
    • Drivers of sex differences in the South African adult tuberculosis incidence and mortality trends, 1990-2019 [2023]
  • South African Medical Journal
    • What did we learn from South Africa's first-ever tuberculosis prevalence survey? [2021]
• South Asia
  • Scientific Reports
    • Diabetes among tuberculosis patients and its impact on tuberculosis treatment in South Asia: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2021]
• Spain
  • PLoS ONE
    • The epidemiological situation of tuberculosis in Spain according to surveillance and hospitalization data, 2012-2020 [2024]
• Sub-Saharan Africa
  • Environmental Research
    • Exploring the role of wastewater-based epidemiology in understanding tuberculosis burdens in Africa [2023]
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • Prevalence of tuberculosis among prisoners in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2023]
  • Tropical Medicine & International Health
    • National tuberculosis prevalence surveys in Africa, 2008-2016: an overview of results and lessons learned [2020]
• Sudan
  • BMC Pulmonary Medicine
    • Tuberculosis in Sudan: systematic review and meta analysis [2024]
• Suriname
  • Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases
    • Ethnic disparities in tuberculosis incidence and related factors among indigenous and other communities in ethnically diverse Suriname [2021]
• Switzerland
  • Swiss Medical Weekly
    • Surveillance of tuberculosis in Switzerland and the Principality of Liechtenstein, 2009 to 2019 [2021]
• Taiwan
  • Scientific Reports
    • Trends and annual percentage changes in tuberculosis mortality estimated by Joinpoint regression and age-period-cohort analyses, Taiwan, 1978-2022 [2024]
• Tajikistan
  • Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
    • Tuberculosis in key populations in Tajikistan – a snapshot in 2017 [2020]
• Tanzania
  • Ministry of Health Tanzania
    • TB Burden in Tanzania
  • PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
    • Epidemiology and treatment outcomes of recurrent tuberculosis in Tanzania from 2018 to 2021 using the National TB dataset [2024]
• Turkey
  • Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
    • Effect of human development index parameters on tuberculosis incidence in Turkish provinces [2016]
• Uganda
  • African Health Sciences
    • A comparative analysis of two national tuberculosis reporting systems and their impact on tuberculosis case notification in Uganda [2023]
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Spatial distribution and temporal trends of tuberculosis case notifications, Uganda: a ten-year retrospective analysis (2013-2022) [2024]
• Ukraine
  • Clinical Infectious Diseases
    • Incidence and Mortality of Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis in Ukraine: Analysis of National Surveillance Data [2022]
  • ERJ Open Research
    • Clinical manifestations and epidemiology of adolescent tuberculosis in Ukraine [2020]
  • Scientific Reports
    • Analysis of the impact of crises tuberculosis incidence in Ukraine amid pandemics and war [2025]
• United Kingdom
  • BMC Medicine
    • Recent household transmission of tuberculosis in England, 2010–2012: retrospective national cohort study combining epidemiological and molecular strain typing data [2017]
  • ERJ Open Research
    • Trends and risk factors for death and excess all-cause mortality among notified tuberculosis patients in the UK: an analysis of surveillance data [2019]
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Creating a web-based electronic tool to aid tuberculosis (TB) cluster investigation: data integration in TB surveillance activities in the United Kingdom, 2013 to 2016 [2018]
  • HSC Public Health Agency
    • Epidemiology of Tuberculosis in Northern Ireland, Annual Surveillance Report 2016 [2018]
  • Lancet
    • Tuberculosis in migrants moving from high-incidence to low-incidence countries: a population-based cohort study of 519?955 migrants screened before entry to England, Wales, and Northern Ireland [2016]
  • Public Health England
    • Tuberculosis (TB) in England: ad hoc provisional data
    • Enhanced TB surveillance strain typing module: user guide
  • Public Health Scotland
    • Tuberculosis annual report for Scotland
  • UK Health Security Agency
    • Tuberculosis: notifying cases
    • Tuberculosis incidence and epidemiology, England, 2023
    • Tuberculosis in England: national quarterly reports
    • Tuberculosis in England: annual report
• United Kingdom, United States
  • Thorax
    • Mind the gap: TB trends in the USA and the UK, 2000–2011 [2016]
• United States
  • American Journal of Epidemiology
    • Prospects for Tuberculosis Elimination in the United States: Results of a Transmission Dynamic Model [2018]
  • BMC Public Health
    • Racial disparity in mortality from tuberculosis in the US between states with and without a history of Jim-Crow laws: an analysis of the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) and risk factors study, 1990 to 2019 [2024]
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Model-Based Analysis of Impact, Costs, and Cost-effectiveness of Tuberculosis Outbreak Investigations, United States [2025]
    • Tuberculosis — United States, 2023 [2024]
    • Second Nationwide Tuberculosis Outbreak Caused by Bone Allografts Containing Live Cells — United States, 2023 [2024]
    • Progress Toward Tuberculosis Elimination and Tuberculosis Program Performance — National Tuberculosis Indicators Project, 2016–2022 [2024]
    • Tuberculosis — United States, 2022 [2023]
    • Tuberculosis Infection among Non-US-Born Persons and Persons >=60 Years of Age, United States, 2019-2020 [2023]
    • Tuberculosis — United States, 2021 [2022]
    • Tuberculosis — United States, 2020 [2021]
    • US Tuberculosis Rates among Persons Born Outside the United States Compared with Rates in Their Countries of Birth, 2012–2016 [2020]
    • Tuberculosis — United States, 2019 [2020]
    • Tuberculosis — United States, 2018 [2019]
    • Tuberculosis — United States, 2017 [2018]
    • Tuberculosis — United States, 2016 [2017]
    • Tuberculosis Caused by Mycobacterium africanum, United States, 2004–2013 [2016]
    • Leveling of Tuberculosis Incidence — United States, 2013–2015 [2016]
    • Tuberculosis Data
    • Reported Tuberculosis in the United States, 2023
  • Clinical Infectious Diseases
    • Trends, Mechanisms, and Racial/Ethnic Differences of Tuberculosis Incidence in the US-Born Population Aged 50 Years or Older in the United States [2022]
  • Epidemics
    • High-resolution estimates of tuberculosis incidence among non-U.S.-born persons residing in the United States, 2000–2016 [2020]
  • JMIR Public Health and Surveillance
    • The US National Tuberculosis Surveillance System: A Descriptive Assessment of the Completeness and Consistency of Data Reported from 2008 to 2012 [2015]
  • Journal of Infection and Public Health
    • Pulmonary vs. extra-pulmonary tuberculosis hospitalizations in the US [1998–2014] [2019]
  • Lancet Public Health
    • Racial and ethnic disparities in diagnosis and treatment outcomes among US-born people diagnosed with tuberculosis, 2003-19: an analysis of national surveillance data [2024]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Recent Transmission of Tuberculosis — United States, 2011–2014 [2016]
    • Abrupt Decline in Tuberculosis among Foreign-Born Persons in the United States [2016]
    • Tuberculosis Infection in the United States: Prevalence Estimates from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2011-2012 [2015]
• Vanuatu
  • Public Health Action
    • Tuberculosis case burden and treatment outcomes in children, adults and older adults, Vanuatu, 2007–2011 [2014]
• Vietnam
  • PLoS Medicine
    • Social determinants of the changing tuberculosis prevalence in Viet Nam: Analysis of population-level cross-sectional studies [2022]
  • PLoS ONE
    • The second national tuberculosis prevalence survey in Vietnam [2020]
  • Western Pacific Surveillance and Response Journal
    • Tuberculosis case notification data in Viet Nam, 2007 to 2012 [2015]
• West Africa
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • The Relevance of Genomic Epidemiology for Control of Tuberculosis in West Africa [2021]
• WHO
  • World Health Organization
    • Tuberculosis and climate change: analytical framework and knowledge gaps [2025]
    • Consolidated guidance on tuberculosis data generation and use: module 4: surveys of costs faced by households affected by tuberculosis [2025]
    • Consolidated guidance on tuberculosis data generation and use: module 3: national tuberculosis prevalence surveys [2025]
    • Global tuberculosis report 2024 [2024]
    • Consolidated guidance on tuberculosis data generation and use: module 1: tuberculosis surveillance [2024]
    • National tuberculosis prevalence surveys: what diagnostic algorithms should be used in future? [2023]
    • Good practices guidance handbook for national TB surveys: how to apply good clinical and good data management practices for national TB surveys [2022]
    • National tuberculosis prevalence surveys 2007-2016 [2021]
    • Electronic recording and reporting for tuberculosis care and control [2012]
    • Tuberculosis prevalence surveys: a handbook [2011]
    • Tuberculosis data
    • Tuberculosis cases and deaths
    • Tuberculosis (WHO Mortality Database)
    • TB country profiles
    • Global Tuberculosis reports
• WHO Western Pacific Region
  • Lancet Regional Health – Western Pacific
    • Tuberculosis in the Western Pacific Region: Estimating the burden of disease and return on investment 2020–2030 in four countries [2021]
  • Western Pacific Surveillance and Response Journal
    • Epidemiology of tuberculosis in the Western Pacific Region: Progress towards the 2020 milestones of the End TB Strategy [2020]
  • WHO Western Pacific Region
    • Epidemiology and control of tuberculosis in the Western Pacific Region: update with 2013 case notification data [2016]
• Yemen
  • Epidemiology & Infection
    • Prevalence and surveillance of tuberculosis in Yemen from 2006 to 2018 [2022]
• Zambia
  • BMC Health Services Research
    • Undernotification and underreporting of tuberculosis in Zambia: a national data quality assessment [2022]
  • BMJ Open
    • Tuberculosis care cascade in Zambia - identifying the gaps in order to improve outcomes: a population-based analysis [2021]
  • Clinical Infectious Diseases
    • How "Subclinical" is Subclinical Tuberculosis? An Analysis of National Prevalence Survey Data from Zambia [2022]
  • International Journal of Infectious Diseases
    • A 10-year Review of TB Notifications and Mortality Trends Using a Joint Point Analysis in Zambia - a High TB burden country [2022]
  • PLoS ONE
    • The Prevalence of Tuberculosis in Zambia: Results from the First National TB Prevalence Survey, 2013–2014 [2016]
• Zimbabwe
  • BMC Research Notes
    • Trends of sputum-smear positive tuberculosis in Zimbabwe: 2008–2011 [2015]
  • International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
    • TB prevalence in Zimbabwe: a national cross-sectional survey, 2014 [2022]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Spatial patterns of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) cases in Zimbabwe from 2015 to 2018 [2021]
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis: prevention, vaccine

• Australia
  • Australian Journal of General Practice
    • BCG vaccination: An update on current Australian practices [2020]
  • Department of Health, Disability and Ageing
    • Tuberculosis | The Australian Immunisation Handbook
  • NSW Health
    • Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) Vaccination
• BRICS countries
  • Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical
    • Distribution of HLA-DRB1 alleles in BRICS countries with a high tuberculosis burden: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2021]
• Canada
  • BMC Public Health
    • A systematic review of BCG vaccination policies among high-risk groups in low TB-burden countries: implications for vaccination strategy in Canadian indigenous communities [2019]
  • Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health
    • Prevention of Tuberculosis Reactivation [2021]
    • Prevention of Tuberculosis: A Review of Guidelines [2020]
    • Bacille Calmette-Guérin Vaccination: A Review of Clinical Effectiveness and Guidelines [2020]
  • Canadian Thoracic Society
    • BCG vaccination [2022]
  • Vaccine
    • Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination patterns in the province of Québec, Canada, 1956–1974 [2017]
• China
  • BMC Health Services Research
    • Assessment of public literacy in TB prevention and control in the National 13th Five-Year plan for Tuberculosis Prevention and Control (2016-2020) in China [2025]
  • Lancet Global Health
    • Age-targeted tuberculosis vaccination in China and implications for vaccine development: a modelling study [2019]
• Ethiopia
  • Scientific Reports
    • Spatial co-distribution of tuberculosis prevalence and low BCG vaccination coverage in Ethiopia [2024]
• Europe
  • European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control
    • Vaccine Scheduler - Tuberculosis
  • European Respiratory Journal
    • Bacille Calmette–Guérin vaccination: the current situation in Europe [2014]
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Systematic review on tuberculosis transmission on aircraft and update of the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control risk assessment guidelines for tuberculosis transmitted on aircraft (RAGIDA-TB) [2016]
  • Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
    • European policies on tuberculosis prevention in healthcare workers: Which role for BCG? A systematic review [2016]
• France
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Impact of the BCG vaccination policy on tuberculous meningitis in children under 6 years in metropolitan France between 2000 and 2011 [2015]
• Guinea-Bissau
  • BMJ Global Health
    • Disregarding the restrictive vial-opening policy for BCG vaccine in Guinea-Bissau: impact and cost-effectiveness for tuberculosis mortality and all-cause mortality in children aged 0-4 years [2021]
• India
  • BMJ Global Health
    • Tuberculosis preventive treatment: the next chapter of tuberculosis elimination in India [2018]
• Indonesia
  • Vaccines
    • Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of BCG Vaccination against Tuberculosis in Indonesia: A Model-Based Study [2020]
• International
  • American Journal of Epidemiology
    • Vaccination and All-Cause Child Mortality From 1985 to 2011: Global Evidence From the Demographic and Health Surveys [2015]
  • Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine
    • Tuberculosis infection status and risk factors among health workers: an updated systematic review [2021]
  • BCG World Atlas
    • BCG World Atlas
  • BMC Medicine
    • The potential impact of BCG vaccine supply shortages on global paediatric tuberculosis mortality [2016]
  • BMJ Global Health
    • Tracking changes in national BCG vaccination policies and practices using the BCG World Atlas [2022]
  • Clinical Infectious Diseases
    • BCG and New Preventive Tuberculosis Vaccines: Implications for Healthcare Workers [2016]
  • Frontiers in Immunology
    • DNA and RNA vaccines against tuberculosis: a scoping review of human and animal studies [2024]
  • Frontiers in Tuberculosis
    • Bridging the gap: evaluating high TB burden country data needs to support the potential introduction of TB vaccines for adolescents and adults: a workshop report [2024]
  • International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
    • TB preventive treatment in high- and intermediate-incidence countries: research needs for scale-up [2021]
  • Journal of Infectious Diseases
    • Review of Current Tuberculosis Human Infection Studies for Use in Accelerating Tuberculosis Vaccine Development: A Meeting Report [2024]
  • Lancet Global Health
    • Infant BCG vaccination and risk of pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis throughout the life course: a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis [2022]
  • Narra J
    • Role of mothers in preventing tuberculosis in children: A scoping review [2024]
  • PLoS Medicine
    • Prioritizing persons deprived of liberty in global guidelines for tuberculosis preventive treatment [2023]
    • The BCG World Atlas: A Database of Global BCG Vaccination Policies and Practices [2011]
• Iran
  • Advanced Biomedical Research
    • Adverse effects of BCG vaccine 1173 P2 in Iran: A meta-analysis [2016]
• Ireland
  • Archives of Public Health
    • Evaluating the neonatal BCG vaccination programme in Ireland [2016]
  • Health Information and Quality Authority
    • HTA of BCG Vaccination Programme [2015]
    • Tuberculosis
  • Royal College of Physicians of Ireland
    • Tuberculosis [2023]
    • Selective strategy for BCG vaccination [2022]
• Italy
  • Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
    • Recommendations for pediatric tuberculosis vaccination in Italy [2015]
  • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene
    • Current preventive policies and practices against Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and tuberculosis targeted for workers from hospitals of the Sardinia Region, Italy [2016]
• Kenya
  • Ministry of Health Kenya
    • Guidelines for TB Infection Prevention and Control for Health Care workers in Kenya [2021]
• Low and middle income countries
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Safety and efficacy of tuberculosis vaccine candidates in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review of randomised controlled clinical trials [2023]
  • PharmacoEconomics
    • Inclusion of Additional Unintended Consequences in Economic Evaluation: A Systematic Review of Immunization and Tuberculosis Cost-Effectiveness Analyses [2021]
  • Rural and Remote Health
    • What tuberculosis infection control measures are effective in resource-constrained primary healthcare facilities? A systematic review of the literature [2023]
  • World Health Organization
    • Funding a tuberculosis-free future: an investment case for screening and preventive treatment [2024]
• New Zealand
  • Health New Zealand
    • Tuberculosis
  • Immunisation Advisory Centre
    • Tuberculosis
    • BCG/TST factsheet, including administration of other vaccines
  • Starship
    • Immunisation - BCG
• Nigeria
  • Federal Ministry of Health and Social Welfare
    • Standard Operating Procedure for Contact Investigation and Tuberculosis Preventive Treatment [2022]
• Republic of Korea
  • Clinical and Experimental Vaccine Research
    • BCG vaccine in Korea [2013]
  • International Journal of Infectious Diseases
    • Incidence of tuberculosis disease in individuals diagnosed with tuberculosis infection after screening: A population-based cohort study in South Korea [2024]
• Saudi Arabia
  • International Journal of Infectious Diseases
    • Tuberculosis and mass gatherings—opportunities for defining burden, transmission risk, and the optimal surveillance, prevention, and control measures at the annual Hajj pilgrimage [2016]
• Sierra Leone
  • BMC Public Health
    • Trends and inequalities in BCG immunisation coverage among one-year-olds in Sierra Leone, 2008-2019 [2024]
• South Africa
  • Cost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation
    • Modelling the cost-effectiveness of a new infant vaccine to prevent tuberculosis disease in children in South Africa [2014]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Current Guidelines for Protecting Health Workers from Occupational Tuberculosis Are Necessary, but Not Sufficient: Towards a Comprehensive Occupational Health Approach [2020]
• Sub-Saharan Africa
  • PLoS ONE
    • A systematic review on malaria and Tuberculosis (TB) vaccine challenges in sub-Saharan African clinical trials [2025]
• United Kingdom
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Estimating the effect of the 2005 change in BCG policy in England: a retrospective cohort study, 2000 to 2015 [2019]
  • Thorax
    • The impact of BCG vaccination on tuberculin skin test responses in children is age dependent: evidence to be considered when screening children for tuberculosis infection [2016]
  • UK Health Security Agency
    • BCG vaccination programme
• United States
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Tuberculosis Vaccine
    • Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) Vaccine for Tuberculosis
  • National Tuberculosis Coalition of America
    • National Tuberculosis Coalition of America (NTCA) Guidelines for Respiratory Isolation and Restrictions to Reduce Transmission of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Community Settings [2024]
• WHO
  • World Health Organization
    • WHO operational handbook on tuberculosis: module 1: prevention: tuberculosis preventive treatment: web annex A: pharmacokinetics modelling and simulation studies for dosages of 6Lfx and 3HP [2024]
    • WHO operational handbook on tuberculosis Module 1: prevention - tuberculosis preventive treatment, second edition [2024]
    • WHO global framework to prepare for country introduction of new TB vaccines for adults and adolescents [2024]
    • WHO evidence considerations for vaccine policy development for tuberculosis vaccines intended for adults and adolescents [2024]
    • WHO consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis Module 1: prevention - tuberculosis preventive treatment, second edition [2024]
    • Tuberculosis preventive treatment: rapid communication [2024]
    • WHO operational handbook on tuberculosis: module 1: prevention: infection prevention and control [2023]
    • Report of the technical consultation on innovative clinical trial designs for evaluating new TB preventive treatments, virtual meeting, 15-17 September 2021 [2022]
    • An investment case for new tuberculosis vaccines [2022]
    • WHO operational handbook on tuberculosis: module 1: prevention: tuberculosis preventive treatment [2020]
    • WHO consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis: module 1: prevention: tuberculosis preventive treatment [2020]
    • Target product profiles for tuberculosis preventive treatment [2020]
    • Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination and COVID-19 [2020]
    • WHO preferred product characteristics for new tuberculosis vaccines [2018]
    • Tuberculosis (BCG) vaccines: WHO position paper – February 2018 [2018]
    • The immunological basis for immunization series: module 5: tuberculosis, update 2021 [2011]
    • International collaborative study to evaluate and establish WHO reference reagents for BCG vaccine of three different substrains [2009]
    • Tuberculosis and air travel : guidelines for prevention and control, 3rd ed [2008]
    • Vaccination schedule for Tuberculosis
    • Preventing TB
    • New TB Vaccine Research
    • BCG immunization coverage among 1-year-olds (%)
• WHO South-East Asia Region
  • BMC Medicine
    • The potential impact of preventive therapy against tuberculosis in the WHO South-East Asian Region: a modelling approach [2020]
  • WHO South-East Asia Region
    • A situational analysis of programmatic management of TB preventive treatment in the WHO South-East Asia Region [2020]
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis: screening, diagnosis

• Asia
  • Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases
    • Asia emerges as a hotbed of diagnostic innovations for tuberculosis [2021]
• Australia
  • Department of Health, Disability and Ageing
    • The use of whole genome sequencing for tuberculosis public health activities in Australia: a joint statement of the National Tuberculosis Advisory Committee and Communicable Diseases Genomics Network [2023]
    • Revised guidelines for Australian laboratories performing mycobacteriology testing [2018]
  • NSW Health
    • Tuberculosis control guideline
    • Tuberculosis Contact Investigations
• Belarus
  • WHO European Region
    • Operational research on tuberculosis screening feasibility and outcomes in patients requiring hospitalization for COVID-19 in Belarus: project report [2023]
• Botswana
  • American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
    • Costs and Consequences of Additional Chest X-Ray in a Tuberculosis Prevention Program in Botswana [2011]
• Brazil
  • Cadernos de Saúde Pública
    • TB antigen-based skin tests and QFT-Plus for Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection diagnosis in Brazilian healthcare workers: a cost-effectiveness analysis [2025]
  • Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia
    • Diagnosis of tuberculosis: a consensus statement from the Brazilian Thoracic Association [2021]
    • Cost analysis of nucleic acid amplification for diagnosing pulmonary tuberculosis, within the context of the Brazilian Unified Health Care System [2015]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Market Assessment of Tuberculosis Diagnostics in Brazil in 2012 [2014]
• Brunei Darussalam
  • BMJ Open Respiratory Research
    • Contact investigation of tuberculosis in Brunei Darussalam: Evaluation and risk factor analysis [2022]
• Cambodia
  • American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
    • Cost-Effectiveness of a Tuberculosis Active Case Finding Program Targeting Household and Neighborhood Contacts in Cambodia [2014]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Mitigating Financial Burden of Tuberculosis through Active Case Finding Targeting Household and Neighbourhood Contacts in Cambodia [2016]
• Canada
  • Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health
    • Tuberculosis Screening for People With Chronic Conditions [2021]
    • Identification of Tuberculosis: A Review of the Guidelines [2020]
    • Chest X-Rays Around Placement in Long-Term Care Facilities: A Review of Clinical Utility and Guidelines [2018]
    • Contact Investigations following Patient and Staff Exposure to Active Tuberculosis Infections: A Review of the Clinical Evidence and Guidelines [2014]
  • Canadian Thoracic Society
    • Diagnosis of tuberculosis infection [2022]
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • Review of Evidence for Using Chest X-Rays for Active Tuberculosis Screening in Long-Term Care in Canada [2020]
• Canada, Europe
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Cost-effectiveness of active tuberculosis screening among high-risk populations in low tuberculosis incidence countries: a systematic review, 2008 to 2023 [2024]
• China
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Comparison of yield and relative costs of different screening algorithms for tuberculosis in active case-finding: a cross-section study [2021]
  • BMC Medicine
    • Factors Associated with Patient, and Diagnostic Delays in Chinese TB Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis [2013]
  • China CDC Weekly
    • National Proficiency Testing of Molecular Diagnostics for Tuberculosis and Drug Resistance Detection — China, 2014–2019 [2021]
  • Scientific Reports
    • Accuracy of Commercial Molecular Diagnostics for the Detection of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in China: A Systematic Review [2019]
• Developing countries
  • Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
    • Cost-effectiveness in the diagnosis of tuberculosis: choices in developing countries [2014]
• Ecuador
  • Revista Española de Sanidad Penitenciaria
    • Is mass screening enough to control tuberculosis in Ecuador's prisons? [2021]
• Europe
  • European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control
    • Handbook on tuberculosis laboratory diagnostic methods in the European Union [2023]
    • Testing for tuberculosis infection and screening for tuberculosis disease among refugees arriving in European countries from Ukraine [2022]
    • Mastering the basics of TB control – Development of a handbook on TB diagnostic methods [2011]
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on tuberculosis national reference laboratory services in the WHO European Region, March to November 2020 [2021]
    • The effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of screening for active tuberculosis among migrants in the EU/EEA: a systematic review [2018]
  • Pulmonology
    • European guidelines for the management of tuberculosis screening procedures in migrants: A systematic review [2025]
  • TBNET
    • Availability and Use of Molecular Microbiological and Immunological Tests for the Diagnosis of Tuberculosis in Europe [2014]
• Germany
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Yield of active screening for tuberculosis among asylum seekers in Germany: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2017]
• High-income countries
  • PLoS Medicine
    • Mandatory, voluntary, repetitive, or one-off post-migration follow-up for tuberculosis prevention and control: A systematic review [2023]
• India
  • BMC Medicine
    • Informing decision-making for universal access to quality tuberculosis diagnosis in India: an economic-epidemiological model [2019]
  • BMJ Global Health
    • Initiative for Promoting Affordable and Quality Tuberculosis Tests (IPAQT): a market-shaping intervention in India [2019]
  • Global Health Action
    • Quality of active case-finding for tuberculosis in India: a national level secondary data analysis [2023]
  • Indian Journal of Medical Research
    • Why India should become a global leader in high-quality, affordable TB diagnostics [2012]
    • Serological tests for the diagnosis of active tuberculosis: relevance for India [2012]
  • Indian Journal of Radiology & Imaging
    • Chest tuberculosis: Radiological review and imaging recommendations [2015]
  • Indian Journal of Tuberculosis
    • Case finding strategies under National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme (NTEP) [2020]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Bridging the "know-do" gap to improve active case finding for tuberculosis in India: A qualitative exploration into national tuberculosis elimination program staffs' perspectives [2024]
• International
  • African Health Sciences
    • Effectiveness and costeffectiveness of screening immigrants schemes for tuberculosis (TB) on arrival from high TB endemic countries to low TB prevalent countries [2014]
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Impact of molecular diagnostic tests on diagnostic and treatment delays in tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2022]
    • Tuberculosis screening costs and cost-effectiveness in high-risk groups: a systematic review [2021]
  • BMJ Open
    • ‘Power plays plus push’: experts’ insights into the development and implementation of active tuberculosis case-finding policies globally, a qualitative study [2020]
  • European Respiratory Journal
    • Rapid molecular TB diagnosis: evidence, policy making and global implementation of Xpert MTB/RIF [2013]
  • Gates Open Research
    • Market penetration of Xpert MTB/RIF in high tuberculosis burden countries: A trend analysis from 2014 - 2016 [2018]
  • International Atomic Energy Agency
    • Imaging in extrapulmonary tuberculosis [2017]
  • Journal of Infectious Diseases
    • Costs of Novel Tuberculosis Diagnostics—Will Countries Be Able to Afford It? [2015]
  • Lancet Microbe
    • Accuracy of upper respiratory tract samples to diagnose Mycobacterium tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2023]
  • Medical Archives
    • Active Case Finding for Tuberculosis in Migrants: a Systematic Review [2024]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Modeling of Novel Diagnostic Strategies for Active Tuberculosis – A Systematic Review: Current Practices and Recommendations [2014]
• Ivory Coast
  • PLoS ONE
    • Wide Variations in Compliance with Tuberculosis Screening Guidelines and Tuberculosis Incidence between Antiretroviral Therapy Facilities — Côte d’Ivoire [2016]
• Kenya
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Variability in distribution and use of tuberculosis diagnostic tests in Kenya: a cross-sectional survey [2018]
• Lesotho
  • South African Family Practice
    • Utilisation of village health workers' services for tuberculosis screening in Lesotho [2022]
• Low and middle income countries
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Facilitators and barriers to tuberculosis active case findings in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review of qualitative research [2023]
    • The yield of tuberculosis contact investigation in low- and middle-income settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2021]
  • Clinical Microbiology Reviews
    • Laboratory Diagnosis of Tuberculosis in Resource-Poor Countries: Challenges and Opportunities [2011]
  • Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
    • Community views on active case finding for tuberculosis in low- and middle-income countries: a qualitative evidence synthesis [2024]
    • Rapid molecular tests for tuberculosis and tuberculosis drug resistance: a qualitative evidence synthesis of recipient and provider views [2022]
    • Xpert MTB/RIF and Xpert Ultra assays for screening for pulmonary tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance in adults, irrespective of signs or symptoms [2021]
  • Lancet Global Health
    • Oral swabs with a rapid molecular diagnostic test for pulmonary tuberculosis in adults and children: a systematic review [2024]
  • World Health Organization
    • Use of tuberculosis interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs) in low- and middle-income countries : policy statement [2011]
    • Use of interferon-y release assays (IGRAs) in tuberculosis control in low- and middle-income settngs: expert group meeting report 20-21 July 2010 [2011]
• Malawi
  • International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
    • Impact of changing diagnostic criteria for smear-positive tuberculosis: a cohort study in Malawi [2014]
• Malaysia
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of High-Risk Groups Tuberculosis Screening in Malaysia [2021]
• Myanmar
  • International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
    • Contributions of GeneXpert® to TB diagnosis in Myanmar [2022]
• Netherlands
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Tuberculosis contact investigation following the stone-in-the-pond principle in the Netherlands – Did adjusted guidelines improve efficiency? [2021]
• New Zealand
  • Ministry of Health New Zealand
    • Technical Guidelines for Tuberculin Skin Test [2018]
• Nigeria
  • Federal Ministry of Health and Social Welfare
    • National Guidelines on the Implementation of TB Loop-Isothermal Mediated Amplification (TB-LAMP) test for the Diagnosis of Tuberculosis [2021]
• Norway
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Targeting TB or MRSA in Norwegian municipalities during ‘the refugee crisis’ of 2015: a framework for priority setting in screening [2019]
• Philippines
  • Department of Health Philippines
    • Reiteration of Policies and Procedures on Clinically Diagnosing Tuberculosis, Referral, and Reporting Mechanism for Private Providers [2024]
• Republic of Guinea
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • Characteristics of subclinical tuberculosis compared to active symptomatic tuberculosis using nationwide registry cohort in Korea: prospective cohort study [2023]
• Republic of Korea
  • PLoS ONE
    • Comparison of active tuberculosis case finding strategies for immigrants in South Korea: Epidemiology and cost-effectiveness analysis [2023]
  • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
    • Diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis: Recent Advances and Diagnostic Algorithms [2015]
    • Diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Lung Disease in Korea [2014]
• Russia
  • PLoS Medicine
    • Screening and Rapid Molecular Diagnosis of Tuberculosis in Prisons in Russia and Eastern Europe: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis [2012]
• South Africa
  • BMC Medicine
    • How much is tuberculosis screening worth? Estimating the value of active case finding for tuberculosis in South Africa, China, and India [2014]
  • Journal of Clinical Microbiology
    • Diagnostic Accuracy of Xpert MTB/RIF for Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis Specimens: Establishing a Laboratory Testing Algorithm for South Africa [2014]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Healthcare seeking patterns for TB symptoms: Findings from the first national TB prevalence survey of South Africa, 2017-2019 [2023]
    • The Impact and Cost of Scaling up GeneXpert MTB/RIF in South Africa [2012]
• Spain
  • Sociedad Española de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica
    • Guidelines for the use of interferon-gamma release assays in the diagnosis of tuberculosis infection [2016]
• Sub-Saharan Africa
  • BMJ Open
    • Tuberculosis contact investigation in African Portuguese-speaking countries at End TB Strategy era: a scoping review [2022]
  • Thorax
    • Patients with presumed tuberculosis in sub-Saharan Africa that are not diagnosed with tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2023]
• Tajikistan
  • Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
    • Scale-up and impact of digital and molecular diagnostic technologies on TB diagnosis and timely linkage to care in Tajikistan [2022]
• Tanzania
  • Ministry of Health Tanzania
    • Quality Improvement for TB Case Detection [2021]
• Tonga
  • Public Health Action
    • Sputum smear microscopy referral rates and turnaround time in the Tonga Islands [2014]
• Uganda
  • BMC Health Services Research
    • Health worker perspectives on barriers to delivery of routine tuberculosis diagnostic evaluation services in Uganda: a qualitative study to guide clinic-based interventions [2015]
  • Bulletin of the World Health Organization
    • Community tuberculosis screening, testing and care, Uganda [2024]
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Evaluation of Automated Molecular Testing Rollout for Tuberculosis Diagnosis Using Routinely Collected Surveillance Data — Uganda, 2012–2015 [2017]
  • Lancet Global Health
    • Multicomponent strategy with decentralised molecular testing for tuberculosis in Uganda: a cost and cost-effectiveness analysis [2023]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Theory-Informed Interventions to Improve the Quality of Tuberculosis Evaluation at Ugandan Health Centers: A Quasi-Experimental Study [2015]
  • Public Health Action
    • Impact of on-site Xpert on TB diagnosis and mortality trends in Uganda [2022]
• United Kingdom
  • Health Technology Assessment
    • Interferon gamma release assays for Diagnostic Evaluation of Active tuberculosis (IDEA): test accuracy study and economic evaluation [2019]
    • Two interferon gamma release assays for predicting active tuberculosis: the UK PREDICT TB prognostic test study [2018]
  • Public Health England
    • Tuberculosis (TB): molecular diagnosis
  • UK Health Security Agency
    • Tuberculosis: pre-entry screening in the UK
    • Tuberculosis screening
    • National mycobacterium reference service - South: user handbook
• United States
  • American Association of Tissue Banks
    • The American Association of Tissue Banks tissue donor screening for Mycobacterium tuberculosis-Recommended criteria and literature review [2024]
  • American College of Radiology
    • Imaging of Possible Tuberculosis
  • American Thoracic Society
    • Official American Thoracic Society/Infectious Diseases Society of America/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Clinical Practice Guidelines: Diagnosis of Tuberculosis in Adults and Children [2017]
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Systematic Review of Contact Investigation Costs for Tuberculosis, United States [2025]
    • Comparison of Tuberculin Skin Testing and Interferon-y Release Assays in Predicting Tuberculosis Disease [2024]
    • Nationwide Shortage of Tuberculin Skin Test Antigens: CDC Recommendations for Patient Care and Public Health Practice [2019]
    • Tuberculosis Contact Investigations — United States, 2003–2012 [2016]
    • Tuberculosis Laboratories
    • Testing for Tuberculosis
    • Clinical and Laboratory Diagnosis for Tuberculosis
  • PLoS ONE
    • Healthcare facility-based strategies to improve tuberculosis testing and linkage to care in non-U.S.-born population in the United States: A systematic review [2019]
  • StatPearls
    • Tuberculosis Screening
• Uzbekistan
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Universal Access to Xpert MTB/RIF Testing for Diagnosis of Tuberculosis in Uzbekistan: How Well Are We Doing? [2021]
• Vietnam
  • BMC Public Health
    • A household survey on screening practices of household contacts of smear positive tuberculosis patients in Vietnam [2014]
• WHO
  • World Health Organization
    • WHO operational handbook on tuberculosis: module 3: diagnosis: web annex B: WHO critical concentrations for pretomanid and cycloserine: systematic review and technical advisory group reports [2025]
    • WHO operational handbook on tuberculosis module 3: diagnosis: web annex D: TB interferon gamma release assays and targeted next generation sequencing solutions: systematic review and technical advisory group reports [2025]
    • WHO consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis: module 3: diagnosis: web annex B: evidence synthesis and analysis [2025]
    • WHO consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis: module 3: diagnosis: web annex A: list of studies included in systematic review: GRADE profiles: evidence to decision tables [2025]
    • WHO consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis: module 3: diagnosis [2025]
    • Use of computer-aided detection software for tuberculosis screening: WHO policy statement [2025]
    • Screening of tuberculosis using computer aided detection software [2025]
    • WHO operational handbook on tuberculosis: module 3: diagnosis: rapid diagnostics for tuberculosis detection, 3rd ed [2024]
    • WHO consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis: module 3: diagnosis: rapid diagnostics for tuberculosis detection, 3rd ed [2024]
    • Target product profile for tuberculosis diagnosis and detection of drug resistance [2024]
    • Protocol for the performance evaluation of nucleic acid tests for the diagnosis of tuberculosis (with or without resistance detection) for WHO prequalification assessment [2024]
    • WHO standard: universal access to tuberculosis diagnostics: web annex C: investing in WHO-recommended rapid diagnostic tests for tuberculosis [2023]
    • WHO standard: universal access to rapid tuberculosis diagnostics: web annex B: stakeholder perspectives on barriers and enablers to the implementation of molecular WHO-recommended rapid diagnostic tests for tuberculosis [2023]
    • WHO standard: universal access to rapid tuberculosis diagnostics: web annex A: uniting innovation and implementation: a mixed methods systematic review of implementation solutions to increase the uptake and impact of molecular WHO-recommended rapid diagnostic tests [2023]
    • WHO standard: universal access to rapid tuberculosis diagnostics [2023]
    • WHO operational handbook on tuberculosis: module 3: diagnosis: tests for tuberculosis infection [2022]
    • WHO consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis: module 3: diagnosis: tests for TB infection [2022]
    • Use of alternative interferon-gamma release assays for the diagnosis of TB infection: WHO policy statement [2022]
    • Rapid communication: TB antigen-based skin tests for the diagnosis of TB infection [2022]
    • Practical manual on tuberculosis laboratory strengthening, 2022 update [2022]
    • WHO operational handbook on tuberculosis. Module 3: Diagnosis - Rapid diagnostics for tuberculosis detection 2021 update [2021]
    • WHO operational handbook on tuberculosis Module 2: Screening – Systematic screening for tuberculosis disease [2021]
    • WHO consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis. Module 3: Diagnosis - Rapid diagnostics for tuberculosis detection 2021 update [2021]
    • WHO consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis Module 2: Screening – Systematic screening for tuberculosis disease [2021]
    • Planning and budgeting tool for TB and drug resistant TB testing: user guide [2021]
    • Rapid communication on the systematic screening for tuberculosis [2020]
    • Framework for the evaluation of new tests for tuberculosis infection [2020]
    • Technical expert group meeting report: commercial products for preserving clinical specimens for the diagnosis of tuberculosis [2017]
    • Consensus meeting report: development of a target product profile (TPP) and a framework for evaluation for a test for predicting progression from tuberculosis infection to active disease [2017]
    • The Use of Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (TB-LAMP) for the Diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis: Policy Guidance [2016]
    • Tuberculosis Laboratory Biosafety Manual [2012]
    • Same-day diagnosis of tuberculosis by microscopy: policy statement [2011]
    • Guidance for countries on the specifications for managing TB laboratory equipment and supplies [2011]
    • Fluorescent light-emitting diode (LED) microscopy for diagnosis of tuberculosis: policy statement [2011]
    • Commercial serodiagnostic tests for diagnosis of tuberculosis: policy statement [2011]
    • Commercial serodiagnostic tests for diagnosis of tuberculosis: expert group meeting report 22 July 2010 [2011]
• WHO South-East Asia Region
  • WHO South-East Asia Region
    • Optimizing active case-finding for tuberculosis [2021]
• Zambia
  • PLoS ONE
    • Costs and cost-effectiveness of a comprehensive tuberculosis case finding strategy in Zambia [2021]
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis: treatment

• Africa
  • Clinical and Translational Science
    • Pharmacogenetics as part of recommended precision medicine for tuberculosis treatment in African populations: Could it be a reality? [2023]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Tuberculosis treatment intervention trials in Africa: A cross-sectional bibliographic study and spatial analysis [2021]
• Asia
  • BMJ Global Health
    • Prevalence and predictive factors of tuberculosis treatment interruption in the Asia region: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2023]
• Australia
  • Queensland Health
    • Treatment of Tuberculosis in Adults and Children
• Brazil
  • BMC Health Services Research
    • Shortened first-line TB treatment in Brazil: potential cost savings for patients and health services [2016]
  • BMC Public Health
    • Machine learning algorithms using national registry data to predict loss to follow-up during tuberculosis treatment [2024]
    • Factors associated with the rapid implementation process of the fixed-dose combination RHZE tuberculosis regimen in Brazil: an ecological study [2013]
  • Ciência & Saúde Coletiva
    • Vulnerable populations and tuberculosis treatment outcomes in Brazil [2021]
  • Epidemiologia e Serviços de Saúde
    • Trend of epidemiological indicators and factors associated with tuberculosis treatment dropout and death among street people in Brazil: an ecological and cross-sectional study, 2014-2022 [2025]
  • Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia
    • A critical analysis of the decreasing trends in tuberculosis cure indicators in Brazil, 2001-2022 [2024]
    • Analysis and comparison of tuberculosis treatment outcomes in the homeless population and in the general population of Brazil [2021]
    • Evaluation of the impact that the changes in tuberculosis treatment implemented in Brazil in 2009 have had on disease control in the country [2017]
  • Lancet Global Health
    • Social and health factors associated with unfavourable treatment outcome in adolescents and young adults with tuberculosis in Brazil: a national retrospective cohort study [2021]
  • Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical
    • Factors Associated with the Abandonment of Tuberculosis Treatment in Brazil: A Systematic Review [2023]
• Canada
  • Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health
    • Shortened Drug Regimens for the Treatment of Active Tuberculosis [2021]
    • Incentives and Support Programs to Improve Adherence to Tuberculosis Treatment [2021]
    • Treatment of Tuberculosis: A Review of Guidelines [2020]
    • Direct Observational Therapy for the Treatment of Tuberculosis: A Review of Clinical Evidence and Guidelines [2020]
  • Canadian Thoracic Society
    • Treatment of tuberculosis disease [2022]
• China
  • BMC Public Health
    • Patient medical costs for tuberculosis treatment and impact on adherence in China: a systematic review [2011]
  • China CDC Weekly
    • Health Facilities and Treatment Service Models of the National Tuberculosis Program — China, 2010-2020 [2021]
  • Infectious Diseases of Poverty
    • Use of anti-tuberculosis drugs among newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis inpatients in China: a retrospective study [2016]
    • The production and sales of anti-tuberculosis drugs in China [2016]
    • Implementing a “free” tuberculosis (TB) care policy under the integrated model in Jiangsu, China: practices and costs in the real world [2016]
• Colombia
  • Revista Española de Quimioterapia
    • Antimycobacterial natural products--an opportunity for the Colombian biodiversity [2011]
• Denmark
  • BMC Health Services Research
    • Review of tuberculosis treatment outcome reporting system in Denmark, a retrospective study cohort study from 2009 through 2014 [2020]
  • Scientific Reports
    • Predictors for Pulmonary Tuberculosis Treatment Outcome in Denmark 2009–2014 [2019]
• Ethiopia
  • BMJ Global Health
    • Modelling the epidemiological and economic impact of digital adherence technologies with differentiated care for tuberculosis treatment in Ethiopia [2024]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Treatment seeking delay and associated factors among tuberculosis patients attending health facility in Ethiopia from 2000 to 2020: A systematic review and meta analysis [2021]
• Europe
  • European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control
    • Expert Opinion on the introduction of new drugs for tuberculosis control in the EU/EEA [2015]
  • European Respiratory Journal
    • Rifapentine access in Europe: growing concerns over key tuberculosis treatment component [2022]
    • Tuberculosis treatment outcome monitoring in European Union countries: systematic review [2013]
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Tuberculosis treatment outcome in the European Union and European Economic Area: an analysis of surveillance data from 2002-2011 [2015]
• Europe, United States
  • American Thoracic Society
    • Updates on the Treatment of Drug-Susceptible and Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis: An Official ATS/CDC/ERS/IDSA Clinical Practice Guideline [2025]
• Finland
  • BMC Public Health
    • Risk factors affecting treatment outcomes for pulmonary tuberculosis in Finland 2007–2014: a national cohort study [2020]
• France
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Tuberculosis treatment outcomes of notified cases: trends and determinants of potential unfavourable outcome, France, 2008 to 2014 [2020]
• Gambia
  • International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
    • The household economic burden of drug-susceptible TB diagnosis and treatment in The Gambia [2022]
• Germany
  • ERJ Open Research
    • Cost of illness of non-multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Germany: an update [2020]
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Find and treat or find and lose? Tuberculosis treatment outcomes among screened newly arrived asylum seekers in Germany 2002 to 2014 [2018]
• Ghana
  • International Journal of Mycobacteriology
    • Medicinal plants used to treat TB in Ghana [2015]
• High-income countries
  • Patient preference and adherence
    • Relational Dynamics of Treatment Behavior Among Individuals with Tuberculosis in High-Income Countries: A Scoping Review [2021]
• India
  • Lancet Infectious Diseases
    • The number of privately treated tuberculosis cases in India: an estimation from drug sales data [2016]
  • Lung India
    • DOTS for TB relapse in India: A systematic review [2012]
  • PLoS ONE
    • A model-based investigation into urban-rural disparities in tuberculosis treatment outcomes under the Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme in India [2020]
    • Are Tuberculosis Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Hyderabad, India Being Managed According to National Guidelines? [2012]
  • Public Health Action
    • How much do Indians pay for tuberculosis treatment? A cost analysis [2020]
• India, Philippines, South Africa
  • Lancet Global Health
    • Economic implications of novel regimens for tuberculosis treatment in three high-burden countries: a modelling analysis [2024]
• Indian subcontinent
  • BMJ Open
    • Patient adherence to tuberculosis treatment in the Indian subcontinent: systematic review and meta-synthesis of qualitative research [2023]
• Indonesia
  • Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare
    • COVID-19 Pandemic Disruption on the Management of Tuberculosis Treatment in Indonesia [2022]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Nonadherence to anti-tuberculosis treatment, reasons and associated factors among pulmonary tuberculosis patients in the communities in Indonesia [2023]
• International
  • BMC Health Services Research
    • Evidence of tuberculosis treatment outcomes among people experiencing homelessness: a scoping review [2025]
  • BMJ Global Health
    • Cost and cost-effectiveness of digital technologies for support of tuberculosis treatment adherence: a systematic review [2024]
    • Estimating the prevalence of poor-quality anti-TB medicines: a neglected risk for global TB control and resistance [2023]
  • Bulletin of the World Health Organization
    • Target regimen profiles for tuberculosis treatment [2024]
    • Health literacy and tuberculosis control: systematic review and meta-analysis [2024]
    • Target product profiles: tests for tuberculosis treatment monitoring and optimization [2023]
  • Clinical Microbiology and Infection
    • Tuberculosis treatment monitoring tests during routine practice: study design guidance [2024]
  • Frontiers in Pharmacology
    • A Systematic Review of Economic Evaluations of Active Tuberculosis Treatments [2021]
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • A systematic review of economic evaluations of pharmacological treatments for active tuberculosis [2024]
  • Globalization and Health
    • Trends in the availability and prices of quality-assured tuberculosis drugs: a systematic analysis of Global Drug Facility Product Catalogs from 2001 to 2024 [2024]
  • International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
    • Clinical standards for the management of adverse effects during treatment for TB [2023]
  • JMIR mHealth and uHealth
    • Digital Health Interventions to Enhance Tuberculosis Treatment Adherence: Scoping Review [2023]
  • PLoS Medicine
    • Inclusion of key populations in clinical trials of new antituberculosis treatments: Current barriers and recommendations for pregnant and lactating women, children, and HIV-infected persons [2019]
    • Advances in clinical trial design for development of new TB treatments—Translating international tuberculosis treatment guidelines into national strategic plans: Experiences from Belarus, South Africa, and Vietnam [2019]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Treatment for radiographically active, sputum culture-negative pulmonary tuberculosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2023]
  • Systematic Reviews
    • Mapping the effectiveness of the community tuberculosis care programs: a systematic review [2023]
• Japan
  • Respirology
    • Safety of pyrazinamide in elderly patients with tuberculosis in Japan: A nationwide cohort study [2024]
  • Western Pacific Surveillance and Response Journal
    • Delay in health-care-seeking treatment among tuberculosis patients in Japan: what are the implications for control in the era of universal health coverage? [2020]
• Kenya
  • Health and Human Rights Journal
    • Detention of People Lost to Follow-Up on TB Treatment in Kenya [2016]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Using Survival Analysis to Identify Risk Factors for Treatment Interruption among New and Retreatment Tuberculosis Patients in Kenya [2016]
• Latvia
  • Public Health Action
    • Treatment outcomes among drug-susceptible tuberculosis patients in Latvia, 2006–2010 [2014]
• Lebanon
  • Ministry of Public Health
    • Updated National Guidelines for Drug Susceptible Tuberculosis [2023]
• Low and middle income countries
  • BMC Medicine
    • The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on tuberculosis treatment outcomes in 49 high burden countries [2024]
  • Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases
    • Quality of tuberculosis care by pharmacies in low- and middle-income countries: Gaps and opportunities [2019]
• Malaysia
  • PLoS ONE
    • Determinants of unsuccessful treatment outcomes and mortality among tuberculosis patients in Malaysia: A registry-based cohort study [2020]
• Mauritania
  • PLoS ONE
    • A pharmaceutical monitoring system to assess the quality of antituberculosis drug products used in Mauritania [2023]
• Moldova
  • Public Health Action
    • Do incentives improve tuberculosis treatment outcomes in the Republic of Moldova? [2014]
• Morocco
  • PLoS ONE
    • Cost-effectiveness of a medication event monitoring system for tuberculosis management in Morocco [2022]
• Nigeria
  • World Journal of Methodology
    • Profile and determinants of unsuccessful tuberculosis outcome in rural Nigeria: Implications for tuberculosis control [2016]
• Pakistan
  • International Journal of Infectious Diseases
    • Detection of active mycobacterium tuberculosis at 6th month exit among declared successfully treated cases in Pakistan [2021]
• Poland
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • The impact of comorbidities on tuberculosis treatment outcomes in Poland: a national cohort study [2023]
• Republic of Korea
  • Annals of Laboratory Medicine
    • Recommendations for Optimizing Tuberculosis Treatment: Therapeutic Drug Monitoring, Pharmacogenetics, and Nutritional Status Considerations [2017]
  • BMJ Open Respiratory Research
    • Real-world impact of the fixed-dose combination on improving treatment outcomes of drug-susceptible tuberculosis: a comparative study using multiyear national tuberculosis patient data [2023]
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • Beyond reducing direct medical cost: examining health outcomes in tuberculosis through a difference-in-differences analysis of South Korea's out-of-pocket payment exception policy [2024]
  • International Journal of Health Policy and Management
    • Effect of Cost-Exemption Policy on Treatment Interruption in Patients With Newly Diagnosed Pulmonary Tuberculosis in South Korea [2024]
  • Journal of Infection and Public Health
    • Cost-effectiveness of improving patients' adherence to tuberculosis treatment in South Korea using discrete event simulation [2024]
  • Journal of Korean Medical Science
    • Increased Healthcare Delays in Tuberculosis Patients During the First Wave of COVID-19 Pandemic in Korea: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study [2022]
  • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
    • Cohort Profile: Korean Tuberculosis and Post-Tuberculosis Cohort Constructed by Linking the Korean National Tuberculosis Surveillance System and National Health Information Database [2022]
  • Medicine
    • Factors related to self-care in Korean patients with tuberculosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2024]
  • Public Health
    • Low household income increases the risk of tuberculosis recurrence: a retrospective nationwide cohort study in South Korea [2024]
• South Africa
  • Health and Quality of Life Outcomes
    • Health-related quality of life and its association with medication adherence in active pulmonary tuberculosis– a systematic review of global literature with focus on South Africa [2016]
  • National Department of Health South Africa
    • National Guidelines on the Treatment of Tuberculosis Infection [2023]
  • PLoS ONE
    • The Impact and Cost-Effectiveness of a Four-Month Regimen for First-Line Treatment of Active Tuberculosis in South Africa [2015]
  • Scientific Reports
    • Mortality during tuberculosis treatment in South Africa using an 8-year analysis of the national tuberculosis treatment register [2021]
  • South African Medical Journal
    • Evaluation of adherence to national treatment guidelines among tuberculosis patients in three provinces of South Africa [2014]
• South-East Asia
  • Medical Journal of Malaysia
    • A scoping review on socioeconomic factors affecting tuberculosis loss to follow-up in Southeast Asia [2024]
• Spain
  • Archivos de Bronconeumología
    • Spanish Compliance With Guidelines for Prescribing Four Drugs in the Intensive Phase of Standard Tuberculosis Treatment [2016]
• Sub-Saharan Africa
  • African Health Sciences
    • A review of compliance to anti tuberculosis treatment and risk factors for defaulting treatment in Sub Saharan Africa [2010]
  • Global Health Action
    • Barriers to initiating tuberculosis treatment in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review focused on children and youth [2017]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Tuberculosis Treatment Outcome and Predictors in Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2021]
  • Patient preference and adherence
    • An ontology for factors affecting tuberculosis treatment adherence behavior in sub-Saharan Africa [2016]
  • Pharmacogenomics
    • Is there a need to increase the dose of efavirenz during concomitant rifampicin-based antituberculosis therapy in sub-Saharan Africa? The HIV-TB pharmagene study [2015]
• Taiwan
  • PLoS ONE
    • Improved Consistency in Dosing Anti-Tuberculosis Drugs in Taipei, Taiwan [2012]
• Thailand
  • Scientific Reports
    • Catastrophic costs incurred by tuberculosis affected households from Thailand's first national tuberculosis patient cost survey [2024]
• Uganda
  • Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases
    • Variation in tuberculosis treatment outcomes and treatment supervision practices in Uganda [2020]
  • Value in Health
    • Cost and Cost-Effectiveness of a Digital Adherence Technology for Tuberculosis Treatment Support in Uganda [2022]
• United Kingdom
  • UK Health Security Agency
    • TB treatment in England, 2021
• United States
  • American Thoracic Society
    • Official American Thoracic Society/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Infectious Diseases Society of America Clinical Practice Guidelines: Treatment of Drug-Susceptible Tuberculosis [2016]
    • An Official ATS Statement: Hepatotoxicity of Antituberculosis Therapy [2006]
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Recommendations for Use of Video Directly Observed Therapy During Tuberculosis Treatment — United States, 2023 [2023]
    • Interim Guidance: 4-Month Rifapentine-Moxifloxacin Regimen for the Treatment of Drug-Susceptible Pulmonary Tuberculosis — United States, 2022 [2022]
    • Treatment for Latent TB Infection and TB Disease
  • Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology
    • Under-reporting and Poor Adherence to Monitoring Guidelines for Severe Cases of Isoniazid Hepatotoxicity [2015]
• Uzbekistan
  • Health Economics Review
    • Health system support and health system strengthening: two key facilitators to the implementation of ambulatory tuberculosis treatment in Uzbekistan [2016]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Factors Associated with Unfavorable Treatment Outcomes in New and Previously Treated TB Patients in Uzbekistan: A Five Year Countrywide Study [2015]
• WHO
  • World Health Organization
    • WHO consolidated operational handbook on tuberculosis: module 4: treatment and care [2025]
    • WHO consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis: module 4: treatment and care [2025]
    • Platform for efficient and practical tuberculosis treatment trials: meeting report, 30 September-1 October 2024, Geneva [2024]
    • Guidance on evidence generation on new regimens for tuberculosis treatment [2024]
    • Target regimen profiles for tuberculosis treatment, 2023 update [2023]
    • Target product profiles for tests for tuberculosis treatment monitoring and optimization [2023]
    • WHO operational handbook on tuberculosis: module 4: treatment: tuberculosis care and support [2022]
    • WHO consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis: module 4: treatment: tuberculosis care and support [2022]
    • WHO Operational Handbook on Tuberculosis, Module 4: Treatment - Drug-Susceptible Tuberculosis Treatment [2022]
    • WHO Consolidated Guidelines on Tuberculosis, Module 4: Treatment - Drug-Susceptible Tuberculosis Treatment [2022]
    • Treatment of drug-susceptible tuberculosis: rapid communication [2021]
    • Position statement on innovative clinical trial design for development of new TB treatments [2021]
    • Report of the technical consultation on advances in clinical trial design for development of new TB treatments: Glion-sur-Montreux, Switzerland, 14-16 March 2018 [2018]
    • Handbook for the use of digital technologies to support tuberculosis medication adherence [2017]
    • Guidelines for treatment of drug-susceptible tuberculosis and patient care [2017]
    • Antibacterial agents in clinical development: an analysis of the antibacterial clinical development pipeline, including tuberculosis [2017]
    • Active tuberculosis drug-safety monitoring and management (aDSM): Framework for implementation [2015]
    • Policy Implementation Package for new TB drug introduction [2014]
    • Green Light Committee application instructions [2010]
    • WHO policy on TB infection control in health-care facilities, congregate settings and households [2009]
    • Assessment of human resources and time needed to implement the DOTS strategy for TB control in health facilities : survey instrument and guide to implementation [2008]
    • Treatment of tuberculosis : guidelines for national programmes [2003]
    • Tuberculosis treatment success
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Tuberculosis: drug resistance
    • Tuberculosis