Hepatitis

Guidelines, reviews, epidemiology

Alcoholic hepatitis

• Europe
  • European Association for the Study of the Liver
    • EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines: Management of alcohol-related liver disease [2018]
• International
  • Translational Gastroenterology and Hepatology
    • Epidemiology of non-alcoholic and alcoholic fatty liver diseases [2020]
• Italy
  • World Journal of Gastroenterology
    • Acute alcoholic hepatitis, end stage alcoholic liver disease and liver transplantation: An Italian position statement [2014]
• Latin America
  • Annals of Hepatology
    • Alcohol-related liver disease: Clinical practice guidelines by the Latin American Association for the Study of the Liver (ALEH) [2019]
• Mexico
  • Revista de Gastroenterología de México (English Edition)
    • The Mexican consensus on alcoholic hepatitis [2020]
• Republic of Korea
  • Korean Association for the Study of the Liver
    • KASL Clinical Practice Guidelines: Management of Alcoholic Liver Disease [2013]
• United Kingdom
  • British Association for the Study of the Liver
    • Quality standards for the management of alcohol-related liver disease: consensus recommendations from the British Association for the Study of the Liver and British Society of Gastroenterology ARLD special interest group [2023]
• United States
  • American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases
    • Diagnosis and Treatment of Alcohol-Associated Liver Diseases: 2019 Practice Guidance From the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases [2020]
  • American College of Gastroenterology
    • ACG Clinical Guideline: Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease [2024]
  • American Family Physician
    • Alcoholic Hepatitis: Diagnosis and Management [2022]
  • American Gastroenterological Association
    • Medical Management of Severe Alcoholic Hepatitis: Expert Review from the Clinical Practice Updates Committee of the AGA Institute [2017]
  • Annals of Gastroenterology
    • Ten-year trends and prediction model of 30-day inpatient mortality for alcoholic hepatitis in the United States [2022]
  • Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology
    • Current Management of Alcoholic Hepatitis and Future Therapies [2016]
  • Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology
    • Trends in Alcoholic Hepatitis related Hospitalizations, Financial Burden, and Mortality in the United States [2015]
  • National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism
    • Standard Definitions and Common Data Elements for Clinical Trials in Patients With Alcoholic Hepatitis: Recommendation From the NIAAA Alcoholic Hepatitis Consortia [2016]
  • Transplantation
    • Rising Trend in Waitlisting for Alcoholic Hepatitis With More Favorable Outcomes Than Other High Model for End-stage Liver Disease in the Current Era [2022]
  • World Journal of Gastroenterology
    • Trends in hospitalization for alcoholic hepatitis from 2011 to 2017: A USA nationwide study [2022]
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Hepatitis

Autoimmune hepatitis

• Americas, Europe
  • Hepatology
    • Outcome of COVID-19 in Patients With Autoimmune Hepatitis: An International Multicenter Study [2021]
• Asia-Pacific
  • Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver
    • The Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver clinical practice guidance: the diagnosis and management of patients with autoimmune hepatitis [2021]
  • Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology
    • Autoimmune Hepatitis in the Asia-Pacific Area [2018]
• Brazil
  • Arquivos de Gastroenterologia
    • Brazilian society of hepatology recommendations for the diagnosis and management of autoimmune diseases of the liver [2015]
• Canada
  • Canadian Association for the Study of the Liver
    • Single Topic Conference on Autoimmune Liver Disease from the Canadian Association for the Study of the Liver [2021]
  • Canadian Network for Autoimmune Liver Disease
    • Treatment response and clinical event-free survival in autoimmune hepatitis: A Canadian multicentre cohort study [2024]
• China
  • World Journal of Gastroenterology
    • Prevalence and clinical characteristics of autoimmune liver disease in hospitalized patients with cirrhosis and acute decompensation in China [2022]
• Europe
  • European Association for the Study of the Liver
    • EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines: Autoimmune hepatitis [2015]
  • European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition
    • Diagnosis and Management of Pediatric Autoimmune Liver Disease: ESPGHAN Hepatology Committee Position Statement [2018]
• France
  • Clinics and Research in Hepatology and Gastroenterology
    • Non-invasive diagnosis and follow-up of autoimmune hepatitis [2022]
• Germany
  • United European Gastroenterology Journal
    • Suitability of the simplified autoimmune hepatitis score for the diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis in a German cohort [2018]
• Greece
  • Annals of Gastroenterology
    • Hellenic Association for the Study of the Liver Clinical Practice Guidelines: Autoimmune hepatitis [2019]
• International
  • Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics
    • Systematic review with meta-analysis: outcomes of pregnancy in patients with autoimmune hepatitis [2022]
  • Cureus
    • Autoimmune Hepatitis: Treatment Options and Management Review [2021]
  • Gut and Liver
    • Autoimmune Hepatitis: 2019 Update [2020]
  • International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group
    • Research gaps and opportunities in autoimmune hepatitis-Results of the international autoimmune hepatitis group research workshop 2022 [2023]
    • Systematic review of response criteria and endpoints in autoimmune hepatitis by the International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group [2022]
    • Second-line and third-line therapy for autoimmune hepatitis: A position statement from the European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases and the International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group [2020]
    • Autoimmune hepatitis: From current knowledge and clinical practice to future research agenda [2018]
    • Expert clinical management of autoimmune hepatitis in the real world [2017]
    • Overlap syndromes: The International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group (IAIHG) position statement on a controversial issue [2011]
  • Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology
    • Accuracy of the Simplified Criteria for Autoimmune Hepatitis in Children: Systematic Review and Decision Analysis [2019]
  • Journal of Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases
    • Autoimmune Hepatitis: a Review of Established and Evolving Treatments [2020]
  • Journal of Hepatology
    • SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with autoimmune hepatitis [2021]
  • World Journal of Gastroenterology
    • Autoimmune hepatitis: Standard treatment and systematic review of alternative treatments [2017]
  • World Journal of Hepatology
    • Autoimmune hepatitis: Appraisal of current treatment guidelines [2018]
• Japan
  • Internal Medicine
    • Autoimmune Hepatitis: Recent Advances in the Pathogenesis and New Diagnostic Guidelines in Japan [2015]
  • Scientific Reports
    • Increasing incidence of acute autoimmune hepatitis: a nationwide survey in Japan [2020]
• Republic of Korea
  • Clinical and Molecular Hepatology
    • Current epidemiology and clinical characteristics of autoimmune liver diseases in South Korea [2018]
  • Korean Association for the Study of the Liver
    • KASL clinical practice guidelines for management of autoimmune hepatitis 2022 [2023]
  • Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases
    • Epidemiology of autoimmune liver disease in Korea: evidence from a nationwide real-world database [2024]
• Saudi Arabia
  • Saudi Journal of Gastroenterology
    • The Saudi association for the study of liver diseases and transplantation clinical practice guidelines for management of autoimmune hepatitis [2018]
• Spain
  • Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics
    • Early predictors of corticosteroid response in acute severe autoimmune hepatitis: a nationwide multicenter study [2022]
• Sweden
  • American Journal of Epidemiology
    • Cancer Risk in Patients With Autoimmune Hepatitis: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study With Histopathology [2022]
  • Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology
    • Pregnancy Outcomes in Women With Autoimmune Hepatitis - A Nationwide Population-based Cohort Study With Histopathology [2023]
• Switzerland
  • Swiss Medical Weekly
    • Epidemiology, clinical features and management of autoimmune hepatitis in Switzerland: a retrospective and prospective cohort study [2023]
• United Kingdom
  • BMJ Open
    • LiverMultiScan as an alternative to liver biopsy to monitor autoimmune hepatitis in the National Health Service in England: an economic evaluation [2022]
  • British Society of Gastroenterology
    • British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG) guidelines for management of autoimmune hepatitis [2011]
• United States
  • American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases
    • Diagnosis and Management of Autoimmune Hepatitis in Adults and Children: 2019 Practice Guidance and Guidelines From the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases [2020]
  • Hepatology
    • Outcomes of pregnancy in autoimmune hepatitis: A population-based study [2022]
    • Noninvasive biomarkers for the diagnosis and management of autoimmune hepatitis [2022]
  • Modern Pathology
    • Autoimmune hepatitis: review of histologic features included in the simplified criteria proposed by the international autoimmune hepatitis group and proposal for new histologic criteria [2017]
  • StatPearls
    • Autoimmune Hepatitis and Pregnancy
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Hepatitis

Hepatitis

• Africa
  • Journal of Hepatology
    • Reducing the neglected burden of viral hepatitis in Africa: Strategies for a global approach [2014]
  • WHO African Region
    • Hepatitis Scorecard for the WHO Africa Region Implementing the hepatitis elimination strategy [2019]
    • End hepatitis by 2030: prevention, care and treatment of viral hepatitis in the African Region: framework for action, 2016-2020 [2017]
    • Hepatitis
• Americas
  • Pan American Health Organization
    • 2017 Highlights. Hepatitis B and C in the Spotlight: a public health response in the Americas [2017]
    • Hepatitis
• Asia
  • Pathogens
    • Hepatitis A and E Viruses Are Important Agents of Acute Severe Hepatitis in Asia: A Narrative Review [2025]
  • WHO Western Pacific Region
    • First Meeting of Hepatitis Programme Focal Points from High-burden Countries in Asia, Hong Kong SAR (China), 22-24 June 2016 : meeting report [2016]
• Brazil
  • Annals of Hepatology
    • Choosing wisely recommendations regarding the top five list of procedures to avoid in the treatment of viral hepatitis: A position statement from the Brazilian Society of Hepatology endorsed by the Latin American Association for the Study of the liver [2023]
  • Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical
    • Brazilian Protocol for Sexually Transmitted Infections 2020: viral hepatitis [2021]
• Canada
  • BCGuidelines
    • Viral Hepatitis Testing
• China
  • International Journal of Infectious Diseases
    • Systematic review on the reporting quality of randomized controlled trials in patients with hepatitis B or C in China [2018]
  • WHO Western Pacific Region
    • Hepatitis in China
  • World Journal of Gastroenterology
    • Clinical characteristics and current management of hepatitis B and C in China [2014]
• Egypt
  • Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal
    • Towards a hepatitis-free Egypt: is this achievable? [2018]
• Egypt, Mauritania
  • World Journal of Gastroenterology
    • Challenge of hepatitis C in Egypt and hepatitis B in Mauritania [2018]
• Ethiopia
  • BMC Public Health
    • Chronic viral hepatitis: policy, regulation, and strategies for its control and elimination in Ethiopia [2016]
  • Journal of Viral Hepatitis
    • The Disease and Economic Burden of HBV and HCV in Ethiopia [2025]
• Europe
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Identification of hepatitis B and C screening and patient management guidelines and availability of training for chronic viral hepatitis among health professionals in six European countries: results of a semi-quantitative survey [2015]
  • BMC Public Health
    • Healthcare-associated hepatitis B and C transmission to patients in the EU/EEA and UK: a systematic review of reported outbreaks between 2006 and 2021 [2022]
  • Bulletin of the World Health Organization
    • Improving care of migrants is key for viral hepatitis elimination in Europe [2021]
  • Croatian Medical Journal
    • Are the testing needs of key European populations affected by hepatitis B and hepatitis C being addressed? A scoping review of testing studies in Europe [2016]
  • European Association for the Study of the Liver
    • EASL, WHO, and ECDC Joint statement: Ensuring high-quality viral hepatitis care for refugees from Ukraine [2022]
  • European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control
    • A pilot survey of stigma related to infection with hepatitis B and C [2025]
    • Prevention of hepatitis B and C in the EU/EEA, 2024 [2024]
    • Prevention of hepatitis B and C in the EU/EEA [2022]
    • Hepatitis of unknown origin - Reporting protocol 2022 [2022]
    • Guidance for diagnostic testing of cases with severe acute hepatitis of unknown aetiology in children [2022]
    • The sustainable development goals and hepatitis B and C in the EU/EEA [2021]
    • Hepatitis B and C testing in the EU/EEA: progress in reaching the elimination targets [2021]
    • Prevention of hepatitis B and C in the EU/EEA and the UK [2020]
    • Hepatitis B and C testing strategies in healthcare and community settings in the EU/EEA [2018]
    • Hepatitis B and C testing activities, needs, and priorities in the EU/EEA [2017]
    • Viral hepatitis
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Self-reported hepatitis A and B vaccination coverage among men who have sex with men (MSM), associated factors and vaccination recommendations in 43 countries of the WHO European Region: results from the European MSM Internet Survey, EMIS-2017 [2024]
    • Towards elimination of hepatitis B and C in European Union and European Economic Area countries: monitoring the World Health Organization’s global health sector strategy core indicators and scaling up key interventions [2017]
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • A systematic review of barriers and facilitators for hepatitis B and C screening among migrants in the EU/EEA region [2023]
  • International Union against Sexually Transmitted Infections
    • 2017 European Guideline for the screening, prevention and initial management of hepatitis B & C infections in sexual health settings [2017]
  • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene
    • The role of the general practitioner in the screening and clinical management of chronic viral hepatitis in six EU countries [2016]
  • WHO European Region
    • Compendium of good practices in the health sector response to viral hepatitis in the WHO European Region [2020]
    • Hepatitis EURO
• Europe, United States
  • American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases
    • Guidance on treatment endpoints and study design for clinical trials aiming to achieve cure in chronic hepatitis B and D: Report from the 2022 AASLD-EASL HBV/HDV treatment endpoints conference [2023]
• Georgia
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Progress Toward the Elimination of Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C in the Country of Georgia, April 2015–April 2024 [2024]
• High-income countries
  • Health & Social Care in the Community
    • What is known about the care and support provided for an ageing population with lived experience of chronic viral hepatitis as they near end-of-life: A scoping review [2022]
  • Journal of Viral Hepatitis
    • A Qualitative Systematic Review of Barriers and Facilitators to Hepatitis B and C Programmes in Prisons [2024]
• India
  • Indian Academy of Pediatrics
    • Viral Hepatitis [2022]
  • Indian Journal of Medical Research
    • Combating the wrath of viral hepatitis in India [2016]
• International
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • WHO guidelines on testing for hepatitis B and C – meeting targets for testing [2017]
    • The HepTestContest: a global innovation contest to identify approaches to hepatitis B and C testing [2017]
    • One or two serological assay testing strategy for diagnosis of HBV and HCV infection? The use of predictive modelling [2017]
    • Methodological challenges in appraising evidence on diagnostic testing for WHO guidelines on hepatitis B and hepatitis C virus infection [2017]
  • BMC Public Health
    • Associations between national viral hepatitis policies/programmes and country-level socioeconomic factors: a sub-analysis of data from the 2013 WHO viral hepatitis policy report [2017]
  • Drug Safety
    • Consensus Guidelines: Best Practices for Detection, Assessment and Management of Suspected Acute Drug-Induced Liver Injury During Clinical Trials in Adults with Chronic Viral Hepatitis and Adults with Cirrhosis Secondary to Hepatitis B, C and Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis [2021]
  • National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
    • A National Strategy for the Elimination of Hepatitis B and C: Phase Two Report [2017]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Cost-Effectiveness of HBV and HCV Screening Strategies – A Systematic Review of Existing Modelling Techniques [2015]
  • Viruses
    • Recent Advances in Protective Vaccines against Hepatitis Viruses: A Narrative Review [2023]
• Ireland
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Investigation of an outbreak of novel hepatitis of unknown aetiology in children and adolescents, Ireland, 2021 to 2023 [2025]
• Japan
  • Hepatology Research
    • Countermeasures against viral hepatitis B and C in Japan: An epidemiological point of view [2019]
• Kiribati
  • WHO Western Pacific Region
    • Viral hepatitis situation and response in Kiribati 2015 [2017]
• Kyrgyzstan
  • WHO European Region
    • Assessment of the viral hepatitis response in Kyrgyzstan: 11–15 July 2016: mission report [2017]
• Low and middle income countries
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Values, preferences and current hepatitis B and C testing practices in low- and middle-income countries: results of a survey of end users and implementers [2017]
    • Survey of programmatic experiences and challenges in delivery of hepatitis B and C testing in low- and middle-income countries [2017]
  • Value in Health
    • Cost-Effectiveness of Testing and Treatment for Hepatitis B Virus and Hepatitis C Virus Infections: An Analysis by Scenarios, Regions, and Income [2020]
• Mexico
  • Annals of Hepatology
    • How far is Mexico from Viral Hepatitis Global Health Sector Strategy 2030 targets [2020]
• Mongolia
  • WHO Western Pacific Region
    • Viral hepatitis in Mongolia : situation and response 2015 [2016]
• Netherlands
  • PLoS ONE
    • Cost-effectiveness of screening for chronic hepatitis B and C among migrant populations in a low endemic country [2018]
• New Zealand
  • New Zealand Sexual Health Society
    • Hepatitis A, B and C
• Portugal
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Task Force for a rapid response to an outbreak of severe acute hepatitis of unknown aetiology in children in Portugal in 2022 [2023]
• Republic of Korea
  • Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases
    • The Economic Burden of Hepatitis A, B, and C in South Korea [2016]
• Saudi Arabia
  • Saudi Medical Journal
    • Viral hepatitis in Saudi Arabia. An unfinished story [2015]
• South-East Asia, Western Pacific
  • World Health Organization
    • Training Modules on Hepatitis B and C Screening, Diagnosis and Treatment [2020]
• Taiwan
  • PLoS ONE
    • Does Pay-For-Performance Program Increase Providers Adherence to Guidelines for Managing Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Taiwan? [2016]
• United Kingdom
  • HSC Public Health Agency
    • NI Regional Hepatitis B&C Managed Clinical Network Annual Report
  • National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
    • Virtual Touch Quantification to diagnose and monitor liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B and C [2020]
    • Hepatitis B and C testing: people at risk of infection [2013]
    • Hepatitis
  • Royal College of Pathologists
    • Acute Infective Hepatitis [2014]
• United States
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Viral Hepatitis
  • HPB
    • Outcomes of transplantation for HBV- vs. HCV-related HCC: impact of DAA HCV therapy in a national analysis of >20,000 patients [2022]
  • National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
    • Eliminating the Public Health Problem of Hepatitis B and C in the United States [2016]
  • StatPearls
    • Viral Hepatitis
  • U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
    • Viral Hepatitis
  • U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs
    • Viral Hepatitis and Liver Disease
• WHO
  • World Health Organization
    • Priorities in planning person-centred hepatitis B and C testing services: operational guide [2024]
    • Consolidated guidelines on person-centred viral hepatitis strategic information: using data to support country scale-up of hepatitis prevention, diagnosis and treatment services [2024]
    • Guidance for country validation of viral hepatitis elimination and path to elimination [2023]
    • Laboratory testing for severe acute hepatitis of unknown aetiology in children: interim guidance, 17 June 2022 [2022]
    • Interim guidance for country validation of viral hepatitis elimination [2021]
    • Guidelines on hepatitis B and C testing [2017]
    • Global health sector strategy on viral hepatitis 2016-2021 [2016]
    • Hepatitis
    • Global Hepatitis Programme
• WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region
  • WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region
    • Regional action plan for the implementation of the global health sector strategy on viral hepatitis 2017–2021 [2017]
    • Summary report on the strategic and technical consultation on viral hepatitis in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, Casablanca, Morocco, 25–27 April 2016 [2016]
    • Hepatitis
• WHO South-East Asia Region
  • WHO South-East Asia Region
    • Accelerating action towards a hepatitis-free future: Progress report on the regional action plan for viral hepatitis in the WHO South-East Asia Region(2016-2021) [2020]
    • Hepatitis [2017]
    • Hepatitis
• WHO Western Pacific Region
  • WHO Western Pacific Region
    • Informal Consultation on Access to Hepatitis Medicines in Upper-Middle- and High-Income Countries, Manila, Philippines, 21-22 August 2017 : meeting report [2017]
    • Second Meeting of the Strategic Technical Advisory Committee for Viral Hepatitis in the Western Pacific, Hanoi, Viet Nam, 25-27 January 2016 : meeting report [2016]
    • Improving access to prevention, testing and treatment for hepatitis
    • Hepatitis in Western Pacific
• Zambia
  • Journal of Viral Hepatitis
    • Progress on the elimination of viral hepatitis in Zimbabwe: A review of the policies, strategies and challenges [2021]
  • WHO African Region
    • Implementation Framework & Clinical Guidance for Viral Hepatitis Prevention & Treatment 2019 [2020]
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Sexually transmitted infections
    • Hepatitis: epidemiology
    • Hepatitis in pregnancy and newborn
    • Hepatitis G
    • Hepatitis E
    • Hepatitis D
    • Hepatitis C
    • Hepatitis B
    • Hepatitis A
    • HIV/AIDS and hepatitis
    • Autoimmune hepatitis
    • Alcoholic hepatitis

Hepatitis A

• Australia
  • Australasian Society for HIV, Viral Hepatitis and Sexual Health Medicine
    • Hepatitis A
  • NSW Health
    • Hepatitis A control guideline
• Canada
  • Government of Alberta
    • Alberta public health disease management guidelines : hepatitis A
  • Public Health Agency of Canada
    • Hepatitis A
  • Public Health Ontario
    • Hepatitis A
• Europe
  • European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control
    • Hepatitis A virus in the EU/EEA, 1975–2014 [2016]
    • Hepatitis A
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Improving preparedness to respond to cross-border hepatitis A outbreaks in the European Union/European Economic Area: towards comparable sequencing of hepatitis A virus [2019]
• International
  • Viruses
    • Hepatitis A: Epidemiology, High-Risk Groups, Prevention and Research on Antiviral Treatment [2021]
• Latvia
  • Journal of Infection and Public Health
    • Hepatitis A virus subgenotypes in Latvia, 2008-2021 [2023]
• Republic of Korea
  • Epidemiology and Health
    • The costs of hepatitis A infections in South Korea [2014]
• United Kingdom
  • Royal College of Pathologists
    • Hepatitis A virus acute infection serology [2019]
  • UK Health Security Agency
    • Hepatitis A: guidance, data and analysis
• United States
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Hepatitis A Hospitalization Costs, United States, 2017 [2020]
    • Hepatitis A
  • Journal of Infectious Diseases
    • The Burden of Hepatitis A Outbreaks in the United States: Health Outcomes, Economic Costs, and Management Strategies [2024]
• WHO
  • World Health Organization
    • Collaborative study to evaluate the proposed 3rd WHO international standard for hepatitis A virus (HAV) for nucleic acid amplification technology (NAT)-based assays [2017]
    • Hepatitis A: Fact sheet
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Hepatitis A: prevention, vaccine
    • Hepatitis A: epidemiology
    • Hepatitis

Hepatitis A: epidemiology

• Africa
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • A systematic review of the epidemiology of hepatitis A in Africa [2019]
• Asia-Pacific
  • International Journal of Infectious Diseases
    • Changing sero-epidemiology of hepatitis A in Asia Pacific countries: A systematic review [2018]
• Brazil
  • Viruses
    • Temporal Trends of Acute Hepatitis A in Brazil and Its Regions [2022]
• Brazil, Mexico
  • Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
    • Modeling the hepatitis A epidemiological transition in Brazil and Mexico [2017]
• Canada
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Seroprevalence of hepatitis A infection in a low endemicity country: a systematic review [2005]
• China
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Trend in the incidence of hepatitis A in mainland China from 2004 to 2017: a joinpoint regression analysis [2022]
  • Infectious Diseases of Poverty
    • Impact of urbanization on morbidity of hepatitis A: a national panel study in China during 2005-2018 [2023]
    • Changes in the epidemiology of hepatitis A in three socio-economic regions of China, 1990–2017 [2019]
  • Scientific Reports
    • Regional and age related variations in hepatitis A virus incidence in China 2004 to 2018: a descriptive epidemiological study [2025]
• Europe
  • European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control
    • Hepatitis A - Annual Epidemiological Report 2022 [2024]
    • Rapid risk assessment: Multi-country outbreak of hepatitis A virus genotype IA infections affecting EU countries in 2018 [2018]
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Hepatitis A notifications in the EU/EEA, 2010–2019: what can we learn from case reporting to the European Surveillance System? [2023]
    • Travel-associated hepatitis A in Europe, 2009 to 2015 [2018]
    • Hepatitis A outbreak disproportionately affecting men who have sex with men (MSM) in the European Union and European Economic Area, June 2016 to May 2017 [2018]
    • Changing hepatitis A epidemiology in the European Union: new challenges and opportunities [2015]
    • Hepatitis A in the European Union: responding to challenges related to new epidemiological patterns [2009]
• France
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Hepatitis A: an epidemiological survey in blood donors, France 2015 to 2017 [2018]
• Greece
  • Epidemiology & Infection
    • Epidemiology of hepatitis A in Greece in the last decade: management of reported cases and outbreaks and lessons learned [2020]
• High-income countries
  • PLoS ONE
    • Sex differences in hepatitis A incidence rates-a multi-year pooled-analysis based on national data from nine high-income countries [2023]
• International
  • Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine
    • Globalization and the Changing Epidemiology of Hepatitis A Virus [2018]
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Usability of the international HAVNet hepatitis A virus database for geographical annotation, backtracing and outbreak detection [2018]
  • Hepatology International
    • The global trends and regional differences in incidence and mortality of hepatitis A from 1990 to 2019 and implications for its prevention [2021]
• Iran
  • Journal of Research in Medical Sciences
    • Systematic review and meta-analysis on the age-specific seroprevalence of hepatitis A in Iran [2014]
• Ireland
  • Health Protection Surveillance Centre
    • Hepatitis A
• Israel
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Lessons from intensified surveillance of viral hepatitis A, Israel, 2017 and 2018 [2021]
• Latvia
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Molecular epidemiology of hepatitis A outbreaks and sporadic cases, Latvia, 2017 to 2019 [2022]
• Lebanon
  • Avicenna Journal of Medicine
    • Infectious diseases in the era of refugees: Hepatitis A outbreak in Lebanon [2018]
• Qatar
  • PLoS ONE
    • Prevalence of hepatitis A virus among migrant workers in Qatar: A national study [2024]
• Republic of Korea
  • Epidemiology and Health
    • Causes and countermeasures for repeated outbreaks of hepatitis A among adults in Korea [2019]
    • Age-period-cohort analysis of hepatitis A incidence rates in Korea from 2002 to 2012 [2016]
  • Journal of Korean Medical Science
    • Hepatitis A in Korea from 2011 to 2013: Current Epidemiologic Status and Regional Distribution [2015]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Nationwide seroprevalence of hepatitis A in South Korea from 2009 to 2019 [2021]
• Serbia
  • Viruses
    • Epidemiological Transition and Strategies for the Control of Hepatitis A in Serbia [2023]
• Singapore
  • Annals Academy of Medicine Singapore
    • Changing epidemiological patterns of hepatitis A infection in Singapore [2011]
• South Africa
  • Viruses
    • Exploring the Epidemiological Surveillance of Hepatitis A in South Africa: A 2023 Perspective [2024]
• South-East Asia
  • PLoS ONE
    • Seroprevalence and incidence of hepatitis A in Southeast Asia: A systematic review [2021]
• Spain
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Epidemiological Characteristics and Spatio-Temporal Distribution of Hepatitis A in Spain in the Context of the 2016/2017 European Outbreak [2022]
• Sweden
  • EuroSurveillance
    • High impact of molecular surveillance on hepatitis A outbreak case detection in Sweden: a retrospective study, 2009 to 2018 [2021]
• Taiwan
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Outbreak of hepatitis A virus infection in Taiwan, June 2015 to September 2017 [2019]
• Thailand
  • PLoS ONE
    • Declining Trend of Hepatitis A Seroepidemiology in Association with Improved Public Health and Economic Status of Thailand [2016]
• Tunisia
  • International Journal of Infectious Diseases
    • Epidemiologic patterns of hepatitis A infection during the pre-vaccination era: A population-based survey in Tunisia in 2015 [2022]
• Turkey
  • BMC Public Health
    • Examining the changes in the prevalence of Hepatitis A in Türkiye: systematic review and metaanalysis [2024]
• United Kingdom
  • Public Health Scotland
    • Annual summary of Hepatitis A infections
  • UK Health Security Agency
    • Hepatitis A (England and Wales): 2020
• United States
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Widespread Hepatitis A Outbreaks Associated with Person-to-Person Transmission — United States, 2016–2020 [2022]
    • Hepatitis A Virus Infections Among Men Who Have Sex with Men — Eight U.S. States, 2017–2018 [2021]
    • Changing Molecular Epidemiology of Hepatitis A Virus Infection, United States, 1996–2019 [2021]
    • Increase in Hepatitis A Virus Infections — United States, 2013–2018 [2019]
    • Hepatitis A Surveillance 2022
  • Emerging Infectious Diseases
    • Hepatitis A Virus Incidence Rates and Biomarker Dynamics for Plasma Donors, United States [2021]
  • Journal of Infectious Diseases
    • Trends in Disease and Complications of Hepatitis A Virus Infection in the United States, 1999–2011: A New Concern for Adults [2015]
• WHO
  • World Health Organization
    • The global prevalence of hepatitis A virus infection and susceptibility : a systematic review [2010]
• WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region
  • Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
    • Hepatitis A in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: a comprehensive review [2022]
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Hepatitis: epidemiology
    • Hepatitis A

Hepatitis A: prevention, vaccine

• Australia
  • Department of Health, Disability and Ageing
    • Hepatitis A | The Australian Immunisation Handbook
  • Vaccine
    • Impact of the national targeted Hepatitis A immunisation program in Australia: 2000–2014 [2016]
• Brazil
  • Cadernos de Saúde Pública
    • Contributions from the systematic review of economic evaluations: the case of childhood hepatitis A vaccination in Brazil [2012]
  • Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia
    • Universal hepatitis A vaccination in Brazil: analysis of vaccination coverage and incidence five years after program implementation [2020]
• Bulgaria
  • Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment
    • Economic consequences of the vaccination against hepatitis A in the Bulgarian healthcare setting [2014]
• Canada
  • Public Health Agency of Canada
    • Update on the Recommended use of Hepatitis A Vaccine [2016]
    • Hepatitis A virus (HAV)
    • Hepatitis A vaccines: Canadian Immunization Guide
  • Public Health Ontario
    • Hepatitis A Post-exposure Prophylaxis [2013]
• China
  • China CDC Weekly
    • Progress Towards Hepatitis A Control and Prevention Through 2019: the National Immunization Program of China [2020]
  • Journal of Epidemiology
    • Development, Production, and Postmarketing Surveillance of Hepatitis A Vaccines in China [2014]
• Germany
  • Scientific Reports
    • Hepatitis A virus infections, immunisations and demographic determinants in children and adolescents, Germany [2018]
• Greece
  • PLoS ONE
    • Considerations on the Current Universal Vaccination Policy against Hepatitis A in Greece after Recent Outbreaks [2015]
• Hong Kong
  • Centre for Health Protection
    • Statement on hepatitis A vaccination and men who have sex with men [2017]
• India
  • Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
    • Expert consensus and recommendations on the live attenuated hepatitis A vaccine and immunization practices in India [2025]
    • Need for hepatitis A prevention in patients with chronic liver disease in the changing epidemiological setting of India [2021]
• International
  • Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
    • Hepatitis A vaccination and its immunological and epidemiological long-term effects – a review of the evidence [2021]
  • Indian Journal of Medical Research
    • Economic evaluation of hepatitis A vaccines by income level of the country: A systematic review [2022]
  • Vaccine
    • One or two doses of hepatitis A vaccine in universal vaccination programs in children in 2020: A systematic review [2021]
• Ireland
  • Health Information and Quality Authority
    • Hepatitis A
  • Royal College of Physicians of Ireland
    • Hepatitis A [2022]
• Israel
  • EuroSurveillance
    • The impact of a national routine immunisation programme initiated in 1999 on Hepatitis A incidence in Israel, 1993 to 2012 [2015]
• Malaysia
  • Malaysian Society of Infectious Diseases & Chemotherapy
    • Hepatitis A
• Mexico
  • Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
    • Health economic assessment of universal immunization of toddlers against Hepatitis A Virus (HAV) in Mexico [2015]
• New Zealand
  • Health New Zealand
    • Hepatitis A
  • Immunisation Advisory Centre
    • Hepatitis A
• Panama
  • Vaccine
    • Impact of Hepatitis A vaccination with a two-dose schedule in Panama: Results of epidemiological surveillance and time trend analysis [2015]
• Russia
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • Modeling hepatitis A epidemiological profiles and estimating the pediatric vaccination threshold in the Russian Federation [2024]
• United Kingdom
  • UK Health Security Agency
    • Hepatitis A infection: prevention and control guidance
• United States
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Preventable Deaths During Widespread Community Hepatitis A Outbreaks — United States, 2016–2022 [2023]
    • Prevention of Hepatitis A Virus Infection in the United States: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, 2020 [2020]
    • Notes from the Field: Assessing the Role of Food Handlers in Hepatitis A Virus Transmission — Multiple States, 2016–2019 [2020]
    • Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices for Use of Hepatitis A Vaccine for Persons Experiencing Homelessness [2019]
    • Impact of Public Health Interventions on Drinking Water–Associated Outbreaks of Hepatitis A — United States, 1971–2017 [2019]
    • Update: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices for Use of Hepatitis A Vaccine for Postexposure Prophylaxis and for Preexposure Prophylaxis for International Travel [2018]
    • Updated Dosing Instructions for Immune Globulin (Human) GamaSTAN S/D for Hepatitis A Virus Prophylaxis [2017]
    • Progress Toward Eliminating Hepatitis A Disease in the United States [2016]
    • Hepatitis A Vaccination
• WHO
  • World Health Organization
    • Hepatitis A virus: background document for the WHO guidelines for drinking-water quality and the WHO guidelines on sanitation and health [2025]
    • WHO position paper on hepatitis A vaccines – October 2022 [2022]
    • References with abstracts of the Hepatitis A vaccines: WHO position paper – October 2022 [2022]
    • Presentation: Summary of key points - WHO position paper on hepatitis A vaccines (2022) [2022]
    • Hepatitis A childhood and adolescent vaccination: a systematic review of the effectiveness, immunogenicity, impact, safety and cost effectiveness of pediatric vaccines [2022]
    • Background document for the SAGE April 2022 session on Hepatitis A vaccines [2022]
    • Annexes to the 2022 WHO Hepatitis A Vaccine Position Paper [2022]
    • The Immunological Basis for Immunization Series: Module 18 - Hepatitis A [2019]
    • WHO position paper on hepatitis A vaccines – June 2012 [2012]
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Hepatitis A

Hepatitis B

• Asia
  • Asia-Pacific Journal of Oncology Nursing
    • Correlates of Hepatitis B Virus-related Stigmatization Experienced by Asians: A Scoping Review of Literature [2016]
• Asia-Pacific
  • Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver
    • Asian-Pacific clinical practice guidelines on the management of hepatitis B: a 2015 update [2016]
• Australia
  • Australasian Society for HIV, Viral Hepatitis and Sexual Health Medicine
    • National HBV Testing Policy
    • Hepatitis B
    • Decision Making In Hepatitis B
    • B Positive | Hepatitis B for Primary Care
  • Australian Family Physician
    • Chronic hepatitis B – what’s new? [2013]
  • Gastroenterological Society of Australia
    • Australian consensus recommendations for the management of hepatitis B infection [2022]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • A Rapid Review of Interventions to Increase Hepatitis B Testing, Treatment, and Monitoring among Migrants Living in Australia [2022]
  • NSW Health
    • Hepatitis B control guideline
• Brazil
  • Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases
    • Brazilian Society of Hepatology and Brazilian Society of Infectious Diseases Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatitis B [2020]
• Canada
  • Canadian Association for the Study of the Liver
    • Management of chronic hepatitis B: Canadian Association for the Study of the Liver consensus guidelines [2012]
  • Government of Alberta
    • Alberta public health disease management guidelines : Hepatitis B - acute and chronic
  • Ontario Health
    • Hepatitis B Virus Screening and Management for Patients Receiving Systemic Treatment [2022]
  • Public Health Agency of Canada
    • Primary Care Management of Hepatitis B [2014]
  • Public Health Ontario
    • Hepatitis B (Chronic)
    • Hepatitis B (Acute)
• Central Asia and the Caucasus
  • Viruses
    • HBV Prevention and Treatment in Countries of Central Asia and the Caucasus [2020]
• China
  • BioMed Research International
    • Serum/Plasma MicroRNAs as Biomarkers for HBV-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma in China [2015]
  • China CDC Weekly
    • Control of Chronic Hepatitis B in China: Perspective of Diagnosis and Treatment [2020]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Analysis of Risk Factors Associated with the Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Chronic HBV-Infected Chinese: A Meta-Analysis [2016]
  • International Journal of Infectious Diseases
    • Helicobacter pylori infection may increase the risk of progression of chronic hepatitis B disease among the Chinese population: a meta-analysis [2016]
• Democratic Republic of Congo
  • Viruses
    • Viral Hepatitis B and Its Implications for Public Health in DR Congo: A Systematic Review [2024]
• Europe
  • Clinical Microbiology and Infection
    • Differences in the availability of diagnostics and treatment modalities for chronic hepatitis B across Europe [2015]
  • Epidemiology & Infection
    • Hepatitis B virus infection in EU/EEA and United Kingdom prisons: a descriptive analysis [2021]
  • European Association for the Study of the Liver
    • EASL 2017 Clinical Practice Guidelines on the management of hepatitis B virus infection [2017]
    • EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines: Management of chronic hepatitis B [2012]
  • European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control
    • Hepatitis B
  • European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition
    • Management of chronic hepatitis B in childhood: ESPGHAN clinical practice guidelines [2013]
  • Weekly Epidemiological Record
    • Progress towards hepatitis B control – WHO European Region, 2016–2019 [2021]
• Gambia
  • Tropical Medicine and Health
    • Population-Based Interventions to Reduce the Public Health Burden Related with Hepatitis B Virus Infection in The Gambia, West Africa [2014]
• India
  • Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology
    • INASL Position Statements on Prevention, Diagnosis and Management of Hepatitis B Virus Infection in India: The Andaman Statements [2018]
  • Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology
    • Current Scenario of Hepatitis B and Its Treatment in India [2017]
• Indonesia
  • World Journal of Gastroenterology
    • Current hepatitis B virus infection situation in Indonesia and its genetic diversity [2016]
• International
  • Cureus
    • Challenges in Formulation and Implementation of Hepatitis B Elimination Programs [2021]
  • Journal of Hepatology
    • Strategies to control hepatitis B: Public policy, epidemiology, vaccine and drugs [2015]
  • Journal of Infectious Diseases
    • Clearance of Hepatitis B e Antigen in Untreated Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis [2022]
  • World Gastroenterology Organisation
    • World Gastroenterology Organisation Global Guideline Hepatitis B: September 2015 [2016]
  • World Journal of Gastroenterology
    • Correlation between COVID-19 and hepatitis B: A systematic review [2022]
  • World Journal of Hepatology
    • Hepatitis B in healthcare workers: Transmission events and guidance for management [2015]
• Iran
  • Journal of Research in Medical Sciences
    • The frequency, related cause of disease, and treatment of hepatitis B virus infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis in Iran [2022]
• Japan
  • Digestive Diseases
    • Characteristics and Healthcare Costs in the Aging Hepatitis B Population of Japan: A Nationwide Real-World Analysis [2022]
• Jordan
  • Journal of Virus Eradication
    • Hepatitis B care pathway in Jordan: current situation, gaps and recommended actions [2020]
• Maldives, Sri Lanka
  • WHO South-East Asia Region
    • Achieving the hepatitis B control goal – successful journeys in Maldives and Sri Lanka: The path towards elimination [2025]
• Mexico
  • Revista de Gastroenterología de México (English Edition)
    • Asociación Mexicana de Hepatología A.C. Clinical guideline on hepatitis B [2021]
• North Korea
  • Journal of Korean Medical Science
    • Fighting Hepatitis B in North Korea: Feasibility of a Bi-modal Prevention Strategy [2015]
• Republic of Korea
  • International Journal of Molecular Sciences
    • Association of preS/S Mutations with Occult Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Infection in South Korea: Transmission Potential of Distinct Occult HBV Variants [2015]
  • Journal of Korean Medical Science
    • Clinical Effect of Hepatitis B Virus on COVID-19 Infected Patients: A Nationwide Population-Based Study Using the Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service Database [2022]
  • Korean Association for the Study of the Liver
    • KASL clinical practice guidelines for management of chronic hepatitis B [2022]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Association between chronic hepatitis B infection and COVID-19 outcomes: A Korean nationwide cohort study [2021]
• Saudi Arabia
  • Cureus
    • Revealing Hepatitis B Virus as a Silent Killer: A Call-to-Action for Saudi Arabia [2021]
  • Journal of Infection and Public Health
    • A tool to measure the economic impact of Hepatitis B elimination: A case study in Saudi Arabia [2020]
  • Saudi Journal of Gastroenterology
    • SASLT practice guidelines for the management of Hepatitis B virus – An update [2021]
    • SASLT Practice Guidelines for the Management of Hepatitis B Virus [2014]
  • Saudi Medical Journal
    • Hepatitis B care pathway in Saudi Arabia: Current situation, gaps and actions [2019]
• Sub-Saharan Africa
  • Nature Communications
    • Systematic review and individual-patient-data meta-analysis of non-invasive fibrosis markers for chronic hepatitis B in Africa [2023]
  • World Journal of Gastroenterology
    • Hepatitis B virus infection and hepatocellular carcinoma in sub-Saharan Africa: Implications for elimination of viral hepatitis by 2030? [2021]
• Sweden
  • Hepatology Communications
    • Chronic hepatitis B virus infection and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma by age and country of origin in people living in Sweden: A national register study [2022]
• Taiwan
  • Journal of the Formosan Medical Association
    • Taiwan consensus statement on the management of chronic hepatitis B [2018]
• Tanzania
  • Journal of Tropical Medicine
    • Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Tanzania: Current Status and Challenges [2018]
• Turkey
  • Turkish Journal of Gastroenterology
    • Diagnosis, management and treatment of hepatitis B virus infection: Turkey 2017 Clinical Practice Guidelines [2017]
• United Kingdom
  • British Journal of General Practice
    • Navigating past and current hepatitis B infection in primary care [2021]
  • National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
    • Hepatitis B (chronic): diagnosis and management [2017]
  • Right Decisions
    • Hepatitis B Reactivation
    • Hepatitis B Infection Assessment and Management in Adults
  • Royal College of Pathologists
    • Investigation of hepatitis B infection [2021]
  • UK Health Security Agency
    • Hepatitis B: migrant health guide
    • Hepatitis B: guidance, data and analysis
    • Hepatitis B dried blood spot (DBS) testing for children
• United States
  • Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
    • Screening for Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Nonpregnant Adolescents and Adults: A Systematic Review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force [2020]
  • Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics
    • An expert consensus for the management of chronic hepatitis B in Asian Americans [2018]
  • American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases
    • Update on prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of chronic hepatitis B: AASLD 2018 hepatitis B guidance [2018]
  • American Journal of Managed Care
    • The Hepatitis B Care Cascade Using Administrative Claims Data, 2016 [2020]
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Screening and Testing for Hepatitis B Virus Infection: CDC Recommendations — United States, 2023 [2023]
    • Unexpected Hepatitis B Virus Infection After Liver Transplantation — United States, 2014–2019 [2021]
    • Hepatitis B
  • Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine
    • Management of Chronic Hepatitis B: An Overview of Practice Guidelines for Primary Care Providers [2015]
  • U.S. Preventive Services Task Force
    • Screening for Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Adolescents and Adults [2020]
• WHO
  • World Health Organization
    • Policy brief – Guidelines for the prevention, diagnosis, care and treatment for people with chronic hepatitis B infection [2024]
    • Guidelines for the prevention, diagnosis, care and treatment for people with chronic hepatitis B infection [2024]
    • Immunoassays to detect hepatitis B virus surface antigen [2023]
    • Rapid diagnostic tests to detect hepatitis B surface antigen [2022]
    • In vitro diagnostic medical devices used for the quantitative detection of Hepatitis B DNA [2022]
    • Collaborative study to evaluate the proposed WHO 4th International Standard for Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) DNA for Nucleic Acid Amplification Technique (NAT) based assays [2016]
    • Guidelines for the prevention, care and treatment of persons with chronic hepatitis B infection [2015]
    • Collaborative study to evaluate the proposed 3rd WHO international standards for Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) for Nucleic Acid Amplification Technology (NAT)-Based Assays [2011]
    • Collaborative study to establish a World Health Organization international Hepatitis B virus genotype panel for HBsAG Assays [2011]
    • Collaborative study to establish a World Health Organization international genotype panel for hepatitis B virus nucleic acid amplication technique (NAT)-based assays [2009]
    • Hepatitis B: Fact sheet
• WHO South-East Asia Region
  • WHO South-East Asia Region
    • Fourth Consultation of the Regional Expert Panel for Verification of Hepatitis B Control in the South-East Asia Region, Mumbai, India 16–18 January 2024 [2024]
    • First consultation of the Regional Expert Panel for verification of Hepatitis B Control in the South-East Asia Region New Delhi, India, 28–29 May 2019 [2020]
• WHO Western Pacific Region
  • WHO Western Pacific Region
    • Hepatitis B control: country profile 2023 [2024]
    • Fifth Hepatitis B Expert Resource Panel Consultation, Manila, Philippines, 15-17 February 2017 : meeting report [2017]
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Hepatitis B: prevention, treatment, vaccine
    • Hepatitis B: epidemiology
    • Hepatitis

Hepatitis B: epidemiology

• Africa
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B virus surface antigen among African blood donors: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2024]
  • PLoS Medicine
    • Hepatitis B virus seroepidemiology data for Africa: Modelling intervention strategies based on a systematic review and meta-analysis [2020]
  • Scientific Reports
    • Mapping hepatitis B virus genotypes on the African continent from 1997 to 2021: a systematic review with meta-analysis [2023]
• Africa, Asia
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Among Healthcare Workers in Asia and Africa and Its Association With Their Knowledge and Awareness: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2022]
  • Viruses
    • Hepatitis B Virus Chronic Infection in Blood Donors from Asian and African High or Medium Prevalence Areas: Comparison According to Sex [2022]
• Albania
  • Virology Journal
    • Trends in prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection among Albanian blood donors, 1999-2009 [2011]
  • World Journal of Gastroenterology
    • Epidemiology of hepatitis B virus infection in Albania [2009]
• Australia
  • Australasian Society for HIV, Viral Hepatitis and Sexual Health Medicine
    • Hepatitis B prevalence and epidemiology in Australia
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Chronic hepatitis B prevalence among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians since universal vaccination: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2013]
  • Department of Health, Disability and Ageing
    • Australian vaccine preventable disease epidemiological review series: Hepatitis B, 2000-2019 [2024]
• Bahrain
  • PLoS ONE
    • Prevalence and Risk Factors of Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Bahrain, 2000 through 2010 [2014]
• Bangladesh
  • Epidemiology & Infection
    • The prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection in Bangladesh: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2022]
  • Genes
    • Epidemiology of Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Bangladesh: Prevalence among General Population, Risk Groups and Genotype Distribution [2018]
• Brazil
  • BMC Public Health
    • Regional differences and temporal trend analysis of Hepatitis B in Brazil [2022]
  • Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical
    • Distribution of hepatitis B infection in Brazil: the epidemiological situation at the beginning of the 21st century [2015]
  • Scientific Reports
    • Clinical, epidemiological aspects, and trends of Hepatitis B in Brazil from 2007 to 2018 [2021]
• Burkina Faso
  • BMC Public Health
    • High prevalence of hepatitis B infections in Burkina Faso (1996–2017): a systematic review with meta-analysis of epidemiological studies [2018]
• Cambodia
  • Archives of Public Health
    • Prevalence and genotype distribution of viral hepatitis B in Cambodia between 1990 and 2020: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2022]
• Canada
  • Public Health Agency of Canada
    • Hepatitis B surveillance in Canada: 2005-2012 [2014]
• China
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Hepatitis B infection in the general population of China: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2019]
  • BMC Public Health
    • Spatial and temporal distribution patterns and factors influencing hepatitis B in China: a geo-epidemiological study [2025]
    • Modelling the prevalence of hepatitis B towards eliminating it as a major public health threat in China [2022]
  • China CDC Weekly
    • Acute Hepatitis B — China, 2005-2019 [2020]
  • Chinese Medical Journal
    • Trends in mortality of liver disease due to hepatitis B in China from 1990 to 2019: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study [2022]
  • JMIR Public Health and Surveillance
    • Epidemic Trends and Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Hepatitis B in China: Surveillance Study [2025]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Trends of Acute Hepatitis B Notification Rates in Eastern China from 2005 to 2013 [2014]
    • A Bayesian Meta-Analysis on Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus Infection among Chinese Volunteer Blood Donors [2013]
  • Scientific Reports
    • Prevalence of chronic hepatitis B and status of HBV care among rural women who planned to conceive in China [2017]
  • Virology Journal
    • Disease burden of chronic hepatitis B and complications in China from 2006 to 2050: an individual-based modeling study [2020]
• Democratic Republic of Congo
  • Bulletin of the World Health Organization
    • Children with hepatitis B virus infections, Democratic Republic of the Congo [2025]
• Denmark
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Hepatitis B prevalence in Denmark - an estimate based on nationwide registers and a national screening programme, as on 31 December 2007 [2013]
• Developing countries
  • World Journal of Gastroenterology
    • Hepatitis B virus burden in developing countries [2015]
• East Africa
  • Archives of Public Health
    • Prevalence and predictors of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in east Africa: evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological studies published from 2005 to 2020 [2021]
• Eastern Mediterranean, Middle East
  • International Journal of Preventive Medicine
    • A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis on the Prevalence of HBsAg in Health Care Workers from Eastern Mediterranean and Middle Eastern Countries [2019]
• Egypt
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) in Egypt (2000-2022): a systematic review with meta-analysis [2023]
  • World Journal of Hepatology
    • Occult hepatitis B virus infection in Egypt [2015]
• Ethiopia
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection and its associated factors in Ethiopia: a recent systematic review and meta-analysis [2025]
• Europe
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Estimating hepatitis B virus prevalence among key population groups for European Union and European Economic Area countries and the United Kingdom: a modelling study [2023]
    • Estimating the scale of chronic hepatitis B virus infection among migrants in EU/EEA countries [2018]
  • European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control
    • Hepatitis B - Annual Epidemiological Report 2023 [2025]
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Estimates of hepatitis B virus prevalence among general population and key risk groups in EU/EEA/UK countries: a systematic review [2023]
  • Journal of Travel Medicine
    • Hepatitis B infection and immunity in migrant children and pregnant persons in Europe: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2024]
• Finland
  • Vaccine
    • Epidemiology of hepatitis B infection in Finland: Implications for immunisation policy [2016]
• Gambia
  • Journal of Infectious Diseases
    • Prevalence and Clinical Significance of Occult Hepatitis B Infection in The Gambia, West Africa [2022]
  • PLoS ONE
    • 20-Years of Population-Based Cancer Registration in Hepatitis B and Liver Cancer Prevention in The Gambia, West Africa [2013]
• Ghana
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Hepatitis B in Ghana: a systematic review & meta-analysis of prevalence studies (1995-2015) [2016]
  • BMC Public Health
    • A nationwide cross-sectional review of in-hospital hepatitis B virus testing and disease burden estimation in Ghana, 2016 - 2021 [2022]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Prevalence of viral hepatitis B in Ghana between 2015 and 2019: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2020]
• Greece
  • Annals of Gastroenterology
    • The changing epidemiology of hepatitis B in Greece [2021]
• Gulf Cooperation Council
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus infection in the Gulf Cooperation Council: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2022]
• Hong Kong
  • Western Pacific Surveillance and Response Journal
    • Surveillance and response of hepatitis B virus in Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, 1988–2014 [2016]
• India
  • Indian Journal of Medical Research
    • Burden of hepatitis B in asymptomatic blood donor population of India: A systematic review & meta-analysis [2024]
  • International Journal of Infectious Diseases
    • Hepatitis-B virus infection in India: Findings from a nationally representative serosurvey, 2017-18 [2020]
  • Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology
    • Tackling the Hepatitis B Disease Burden in India [2014]
• Indonesia
  • World Journal of Gastroenterology
    • Hepatitis B virus infection in Indonesia [2015]
• International
  • BMC Public Health
    • Global, regional, and national total burden related to hepatitis B in children and adolescents from 1990 to 2021 [2024]
  • Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine
    • Hepatitis B Virus Epidemiology [2015]
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • Global temporal trends and projections of hepatitis B-related cirrhosis among adolescents and young adults from 1990 to 2035: an analysis based on the global burden of disease study 2021 [2025]
  • International Journal of Epidemiology
    • The global burden of chronic hepatitis B virus infection: comparison of country-level prevalence estimates from four research groups [2021]
  • Lancet Gastroenterology and Hepatology
    • Prevalence of occult hepatitis B virus infection in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2022]
    • Global, regional, and national burden of hepatitis B, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 [2022]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Global epidemiology of occult hepatitis B virus infections in blood donors, a systematic review and meta-analysis [2022]
  • Sexual Health
    • Hepatitis B prevalence association with sexually transmitted infections: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2021]
  • World Journal of Gastroenterology
    • Epidemiologic and socioeconomic factors impacting hepatitis B virus and related hepatocellular carcinoma [2022]
  • World Journal of Hepatology
    • Global prevalence of hepatitis B virus serological markers among healthcare workers: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2021]
    • Hepatitis B virus infection in immigrant populations [2015]
• Iran
  • Gastroenterology and Hepatology From Bed to Bench
    • Prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection among Iranian high risk groups: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2018]
  • Harm Reduction Journal
    • Hepatitis B virus infection among people who use drugs in Iran: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and trend analysis [2020]
  • Iranian Journal of Public Health
    • Spatio-Temporal Analysis of the Hepatitis B Prevalence in Iranian Blood Donors from 2000 to 2016 at National and Provincial Level [2021]
  • Journal of Research in Medical Sciences
    • Prevalence of chronic hepatitis B infection in Iran: a review article [2009]
• Ireland
  • Health Protection Surveillance Centre
    • Hepatitis B
• Italy
  • International Journal of Infectious Diseases
    • Trends in chronic hepatitis B virus infection in Italy over a 10-year period: Clues from the nationwide PITER and MASTER cohorts toward elimination [2023]
  • New Microbiologica
    • The impact of viral molecular diversity on the clinical presentation and outcome of acute hepatitis B in Italy [2015]
  • World Journal of Gastroenterology
    • Epidemiological and clinical aspects of hepatitis B virus infection in Italy over the last 50 years [2022]
• Kazakhstan
  • Immunity, Inflammation and Disease
    • Antibodies to Hepatitis B core antigen prevalence study in Kazakhstan [2023]
• Kenya
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • The burden of Hepatitis B virus infection in Kenya: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2023]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection in Kenya: A study nested in the Kenya Population-based HIV Impact Assessment 2018 [2024]
• Laos
  • International Journal of Infectious Diseases
    • Seroprevalence of chronic hepatitis B, as determined from dried blood spots, among children and their mothers in central Lao People's Democratic Republic: a multistage, stratified cluster sampling survey [2015]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Chronic Hepatitis B Prevalence among Children and Mothers: Results from a Nationwide, Population-Based Survey in Lao People's Democratic Republic [2014]
• Low and middle income countries
  • Journal of Viral Hepatitis
    • Prevalence of hepatitis B virus amongst refugees, asylum seekers and internally displaced persons in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review [2023]
• Mediterranean countries
  • BioMed Research International
    • A Systematic Review of the Current Hepatitis B Viral Infection and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Situation in Mediterranean Countries [2020]
• Mexico
  • Annals of Hepatology
    • Hepatitis B infection in Mexican adults: Results of a nationally representative survey [2022]
  • Hepatology International
    • A low steady HBsAg seroprevalence is associated with a low incidence of HBV-related liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in Mexico: a systematic review [2009]
  • World Journal of Gastroenterology
    • HBV endemicity in Mexico is associated with HBV genotypes H and G [2013]
• Middle East
  • Clinical Liver Disease
    • Regional Epidemiology, Burden, and Management of Hepatitis B Virus in the Middle East [2020]
• Middle East, North Africa
  • Pathogens
    • Hepatitis B Virus Molecular Epidemiology, Host-Virus Interaction, Coinfection, and Laboratory Diagnosis in the MENA Region: An Update [2019]
• Myanmar
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Distribution of hepatitis B virus genotypes in the general population of Myanmar via nationwide study [2020]
• Nigeria
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Hepatitis B virus infection in Nigeria: a systematic review and meta-analysis of data published between 2010 and 2019 [2021]
• Norway
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Molecular epidemiology of hepatitis B virus infection in Norway [2019]
• Pakistan
  • Virology Journal
    • Hepatitis B virus in Pakistan: A systematic review of prevalence, risk factors, awareness status and genotypes [2011]
• Philippines
  • World Journal of Hepatology
    • Hepatitis B infection among adults in the Philippines: A national seroprevalence study [2013]
• Poland
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Significant proportion of acute hepatitis B in Poland in 2010–2014 attributed to hospital transmission: combining surveillance and public registries data [2018]
  • Medicina
    • Trends in the Incidence of Acute Hepatitis B in the Polish Population and Their Determinants [2021]
  • Viruses
    • Hepatitis B Virus in Polish Blood Donors in the Period 2005-2019-Significant Changes in Epidemiology and Demographic Characteristics of Infected Donors [2025]
• Qatar
  • Pathogens
    • Demographics and Epidemiology of Hepatitis B in the State of Qatar: A Five-Year Surveillance-Based Incidence Study [2019]
• Republic of Korea
  • Epidemiology and Health
    • Changes in seroprevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen and epidemiologic characteristics in the Republic of Korea, 1998-2013 [2015]
  • Korean Journal of Internal Medicine
    • Changes in the prevalence of hepatitis B and metabolic abnormalities among young men in Korea [2022]
    • The epidemiology of hepatitis B virus infection in Korea [2019]
  • Medicine
    • Ten-Year Changes in the Hepatitis B Prevalence in the Birth Cohorts in Korea [2015]
  • World Journal of Gastroenterology
    • Hepatitis B virus mutations related to liver disease progression of Korean patients [2014]
• Romania
  • Viruses
    • Hepatitis B Prevalence and Referral Rates in Vulnerable Populations Undergoing Community-Based Screening-Results from the LIVE(RO)2 Program [2024]
• Sierra Leone
  • American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
    • Prevalence of Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Sierra Leone, 1997-2022: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2023]
• South Africa
  • BMC Public Health
    • Prevalence and incidence rates of laboratory-confirmed hepatitis B infection in South Africa, 2015 to 2019 [2022]
  • Pan African Medical Journal
    • The epidemiology of laboratory-confirmed Hepatitis B Virus infection in the general population of South Africa, 2016-2018 [2024]
• Sub-Saharan Africa
  • Liver International
    • Prevalence of liver cirrhosis in individuals with hepatitis B virus infection in sub-Saharan Africa: Systematic review and meta-analysis [2021]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Seroprevalence and risk factors of hepatitis B virus infection among healthcare workers in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2025]
• Sudan
  • JGH Open
    • Occult hepatitis B virus infection in Sudan: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2020]
• Sweden
  • Virology Journal
    • Hepatitis B associated with severe COVID-19: a nationwide cohort study in Sweden [2025]
• Switzerland
  • Swiss Medical Weekly
    • The current and future burden of hepatitis B in Switzerland: a modelling study [2023]
• Thailand
  • International Journal of Infectious Diseases
    • Prevalence of chronic hepatitis B virus infection in Thailand: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2016]
• Turkey
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Age- and region-specific hepatitis B prevalence in Turkey estimated using generalized linear mixed models: a systematic review [2011]
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Trends of hepatitis B notification rates in Turkey, 1990 to 2012 [2013]
• United Kingdom
  • International Journal of Epidemiology
    • Cohort Profile: The National Institute for Health Research Health Informatics Collaborative: Hepatitis B Virus (NIHR HIC HBV) research dataset [2023]
  • Journal of Viral Hepatitis
    • Estimating Prevalence and Number of People With Chronic Hepatitis B: A Multiplier Method Based on Public Health Surveillance Data in UK (2015-2021) [2024]
  • Public Health England
    • Acute hepatitis B: guide to national enhanced surveillance
  • UK Health Security Agency
    • Hepatitis B in England 2024 [2024]
    • Hepatitis B in England – 2023 report [2023]
• United States
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Prevalence and Trends in Hepatitis B Virus Infection in the United States, 2015-2018 [2020]
    • Hepatitis B Surveillance 2022
  • Clinical Infectious Diseases
    • Epidemiology of Acute Hepatitis B in the United States From Population-Based Surveillance, 2006–2011 [2015]
  • Clinical Liver Disease
    • Epidemiology of Hepatitis B Virus Infection in the United States [2018]
  • Hepatology
    • An Updated Assessment of Chronic Hepatitis B Prevalence Among Foreign-Born Persons Living in the United States [2021]
  • Hepatology Communications
    • Prevalence and awareness of Hepatitis B virus infection in the United States: January 2017 - March 2020 [2023]
• WHO
  • World Health Organization
    • Hepatitis B (WHO Mortality Database)
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Hepatitis: epidemiology
    • Hepatitis B

Hepatitis B: prevention, treatment, vaccine

• Africa
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Progress Toward Hepatitis B Control and Elimination of Mother-to-Child Transmission of Hepatitis B Virus — World Health Organization African Region, 2016–2021 [2023]
• Asia
  • Journal of Gastroenterology
    • An expert review on the use of tenofovir alafenamide for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus infection in Asia [2020]
• Asia-Pacific
  • Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver
    • APASL clinical practice guideline on hepatitis B reactivation related to the use of immunosuppressive therapy [2021]
• Australia
  • Australasian Society for HIV, Viral Hepatitis and Sexual Health Medicine
    • Treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus infection
  • Department of Health, Disability and Ageing
    • Hepatitis B | The Australian Immunisation Handbook
  • NSW Health
    • Neonatal and Infant Hepatitis B Prevention and Vaccination Program Policy Directive
  • World Journal of Gastroenterology
    • Cost of treating chronic hepatitis B: Comparison of current treatment guidelines [2012]
• Brazil
  • Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases
    • Economic evaluation of treatments for chronic hepatitis B [2013]
• Canada
  • PLoS ONE
    • Hepatitis B Screening and Vaccination Strategies for Newly Arrived Adult Canadian Immigrants and Refugees: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis [2013]
  • Public Health Agency of Canada
    • Summary of the NACI update on the recommended use of hepatitis B vaccine [2017]
    • Hepatitis B virus (HBV)
    • Hepatitis B vaccines: Canadian Immunization Guide
• China
  • BioScience Trends
    • Strategies to prevent hepatitis B virus infection in China: immunization, screening, and standard medical practices [2013]
  • BMC Public Health
    • Evaluating the independent influence of sexual transmission on HBV infection in China: a modeling study [2021]
  • China CDC Weekly
    • Exporting China’s Successes in Vaccine Preventable Hepatitis [2020]
  • Drug Design, Development and Therapy
    • Clinical utility of entecavir for chronic hepatitis B in Chinese patients [2013]
  • Hepatology
    • Contemporary Clinical Research of Traditional Chinese Medicines for Chronic Hepatitis B in China: An Analytical Review [2010]
  • Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
    • Strategy vaccination against Hepatitis B in China [2015]
    • Healthy adult vaccination: An urgent need to prevent hepatitis B in China [2015]
  • Infectious Diseases of Poverty
    • Impact of the national hepatitis B immunization program in China: a modeling study [2022]
  • Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology
    • Guidelines for Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis B [2021]
    • Guideline of Prevention and Treatment for Chronic Hepatitis B (2015 Update) [2017]
  • Journal of Global Health
    • Costs and health impact of delayed implementation of a national hepatitis B treatment program in China [2022]
  • Medical Microbiology and Immunology
    • Antiviral therapy for chronic hepatitis B in China [2015]
  • Medicine
    • Estimating the impact of test-and-treat strategies on hepatitis B virus infection in China by using an age-structured mathematical model [2018]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Cost-Effectiveness and Cost Thresholds of Generic and Brand Drugs in a National Chronic Hepatitis B Treatment Program in China [2015]
  • Scientific Reports
    • Protective effect of vaccinating infants with a 5 µg recombinant yeast-derived hepatitis B vaccine and the need for a booster dose in China [2020]
  • Vaccines
    • Adult Hepatitis B Virus Vaccination Coverage in China from 2011 to 2021: A Systematic Review [2022]
  • World Journal of Gastroenterology
    • Seroepidemiology of hepatitis B virus infection and impact of vaccination [2015]
  • World Journal of Hepatology
    • Treating chronic hepatitis B virus: Chinese physicians’ awareness of the 2010 guidelines [2016]
• Denmark
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Hepatitis B vaccination coverage and risk factors associated with incomplete vaccination of children born to hepatitis B surface antigen-positive mothers, Denmark, 2006 to 2010 [2016]
• Developing countries
  • Vaccines
    • Knowledge, Vaccination Status, and Reasons for Avoiding Vaccinations against Hepatitis B in Developing Countries: A Systematic Review [2021]
• Ethiopia
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Practice on hepatitis B virus infection prevention and associated factors in Ethiopia: systematic review and meta-analysis [2024]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Full-dose hepatitis B virus vaccination coverage and associated factors among health care workers in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2020]
• Europe
  • European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control
    • Vaccine Scheduler - Hepatitis B
  • European Medicines Agency
    • Clinical investigation of hepatitis B immunoglobulins - Scientific guideline
    • Clinical evaluation of medicinal products intended for treatment of hepatitis B - Scientific guideline
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Impact of hepatitis B vaccination on acute hepatitis B epidemiology in European Union/European Economic Area countries, 2006 to 2014 [2018]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • The Effectiveness and Cost-Effectiveness of Screening for and Vaccination Against Hepatitis B Virus among Migrants in the EU/EEA: A Systematic Review [2018]
  • Transplant International
    • Economic Impact of European Liver and Intestine Transplantation Association (ELITA) Recommendations for Hepatitis B Prophylaxis After Liver Transplantation [2023]
• Europe, United States
  • European Association for the Study of the Liver
    • Guidance for design and endpoints of clinical trials in chronic hepatitis B - Report from the 2019 EASL-AASLD HBV Treatment Endpoints Conference [2020]
• France
  • Digestive Diseases and Sciences
    • Effectiveness and Safety of Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate in Chronic Hepatitis B: A 3-Year, Prospective, Real-World Study in France [2016]
• Gambia
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Efficacy and effectiveness of infant vaccination against chronic hepatitis B in the Gambia Hepatitis Intervention Study (1986-90) and in the nationwide immunisation program [2014]
  • Journal of Global Health
    • Cost-effectiveness of different monitoring strategies in a screening and treatment programme for hepatitis B in The Gambia [2023]
  • Lancet Global Health
    • Treat All versus targeted strategies to select HBV-infected people for antiviral therapy in The Gambia, west Africa: a cost-effectiveness analysis [2024]
    • Cost-effectiveness of community-based screening and treatment for chronic hepatitis B in The Gambia: an economic modelling analysis [2016]
    • Acceptability and feasibility of a screen-and-treat programme for hepatitis B virus infection in The Gambia: the Prevention of Liver Fibrosis and Cancer in Africa (PROLIFICA) study [2016]
• Georgia
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Toward reaching hepatitis B goals: hepatitis B epidemiology and the impact of two decades of vaccination, Georgia, 2021 [2023]
• Germany
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Hepatitis B vaccination coverage in Germany: systematic review [2021]
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • Increasing Number of Individuals Receiving Hepatitis B nucleos(t)ide Analogs Therapy in Germany, 2008–2019 [2021]
• Indonesia
  • PeerJ
    • The effectiveness of hepatitis B vaccine in toddlers based on the five-year period national basic health research (Riskesdas 2007, 2013 and 2018) in Indonesia [2023]
• International
  • Clinical and Molecular Hepatology
    • Comparison of clinical practice guidelines for the management of chronic hepatitis B: When to start, when to change, and when to stop [2020]
  • Clinical Infectious Diseases
    • Chronic Hepatitis B Finite Treatment: Similar and Different Concerns With New Drug Classes [2024]
  • Clinical Liver Disease
    • Developing an Evidence Base for the Delivery of Hepatitis B Virus Birth Dose Vaccination: An Evidence Map and Critical Appraisal of Systematic Reviews and Guidelines [2021]
    • Reactivation of Hepatitis B Virus: A Review of Clinical Guidelines [2020]
  • Journal of Clinical Virology
    • A systematic review and meta-analysis of the risk of hepatitis B virus (HBV) resistance in people treated with entecavir or tenofovir [2024]
  • Journal of Viral Hepatitis
    • Global prevalence and phylogeny of hepatitis B virus (HBV) drug and vaccine resistance mutations [2021]
  • Journal of Virus Eradication
    • Analysis of minimum target prices for production of entecavir to treat hepatitis B in high- and low-income countries [2015]
  • Lancet Gastroenterology and Hepatology
    • Estimating the proportion of people with chronic hepatitis B virus infection eligible for hepatitis B antiviral treatment worldwide: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2021]
  • Lancet Infectious Diseases
    • Requirements for global elimination of hepatitis B: a modelling study [2016]
  • Medicine
    • Efficacy and safety of therapeutic vaccines for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials update [2024]
  • PharmacoEconomics - Open
    • Are Published Health Economic Models for Chronic Hepatitis B Appropriately Capturing the Benefits of HBsAg Loss? A Systematic Literature Review [2020]
  • Systematic Reviews
    • Antiviral treatment for treatment-naïve chronic hepatitis B: systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials [2019]
• Iran
  • BMC Public Health
    • Self-reported lifetime Hepatitis B virus testing, and vaccination uptake among people who inject drugs in Iran: a nationwide study in 2020 [2024]
  • Journal of Education and Health Promotion
    • The efficacy of hepatitis B vaccine in Iranian population: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2014]
• Ireland
  • Health Information and Quality Authority
    • Hepatitis B
  • Royal College of Physicians of Ireland
    • Hepatitis B [2024]
• Italy
  • Clinical Microbiology and Infection
    • Recommendations for screening, monitoring, prevention, prophylaxis and therapy of hepatitis B virus reactivation in patients with haematologic malignancies and patients who underwent haematologic stem cell transplantation—a position paper Microbiology and Infection [2017]
  • Expert Review of Vaccines
    • Prevalence of healthcare workers fully vaccinated against hepatitis B without circulating antibodies in Italy and role of age at baseline cycle vaccination: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2023]
  • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene
    • Lessons learnt over two decades of vaccination against hepatitis B in Italy [2015]
• Japan
  • World Journal of Gastroenterology
    • Hepatitis B virus reactivation associated with antirheumatic therapy: Risk and prophylaxis recommendations [2015]
• Kiribati
  • Western Pacific Surveillance and Response Journal
    • A programme to treat chronic hepatitis B in Kiribati: progress and challenges [2020]
• Kyrgyzstan
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Nationwide representative serosurvey of third-grade school children to evaluate the hepatitis B vaccination impact in Kyrgyzstan, 2022 [2025]
• Low and middle income countries
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Prevalence and geo-clinicodemographic factors associated with hepatitis B vaccination among healthcare workers in five developing countries [2022]
    • Economic evaluations of HBV testing and treatment strategies and applicability to low and middle-income countries [2017]
• Malaysia
  • BMC Health Services Research
    • Economic impact of switching from partially combined vaccine "Pentaxim® and hepatitis B" to fully combined vaccine "Hexaxim®" in the Malaysian National Immunization Program [2022]
  • Malaysian Society of Infectious Diseases & Chemotherapy
    • Hepatitis B
• Nepal
  • Pathophysiology
    • Evaluation of Five International HBV Treatment Guidelines: Recommendation for Resource-Limited Developing Countries Based on the National Study in Nepal [2020]
• New Zealand
  • Health New Zealand
    • Hepatitis B
  • Immunisation Advisory Centre
    • Hepatitis B
• Oman
  • American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
    • Progress toward Elimination of Hepatitis B Virus Transmission in Oman: Impact of Hepatitis B Vaccination [2013]
• Pakistan
  • Virology Journal
    • An overview of treatment response rates to various anti-viral drugs in Pakistani Hepatitis B Virus infected patients [2011]
• Papua New Guinea
  • American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
    • Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Seroprevalence among Children in Papua New Guinea, 2012–2013 [2015]
• Poland
  • Clinical and Experimental Hepatology
    • Prophylaxis of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection reactivation – recommendations of the Working Group for prevention of HBV reactivation [2019]
    • Recommendations for the treatment of hepatitis B in 2017 [2017]
• Republic of Korea
  • Biologicals
    • A collaborative study to establish the second national standard for hepatitis B immunoglobulin in Korea [2023]
  • Clinical and Experimental Vaccine Research
    • Paths toward hepatitis B immunization in South Korea and Taiwan [2013]
  • Gut and Liver
    • Predictive Value of Antiviral Effects in the Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in the General Korean Population with Chronic Hepatitis B [2016]
• Russia
  • PLoS ONE
    • Impact of Universal Hepatitis B Vaccination on Prevalence, Infection-Associated Morbidity and Mortality, and Circulation of Immune Escape Variants in Russia [2016]
• South Asia
  • PLoS ONE
    • Low Hepatitis B vaccination rates among medical students in South Asia: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2025]
• Spain
  • Gastroenterología y Hepatología (English Edition)
    • Consensus document of the Spanish Association for Study of the Liver on the treatment of hepatitis B virus infection (2020) [2020]
• Sub-Saharan Africa
  • Lancet Global Health
    • Risk of early horizontal transmission of hepatitis B virus in children of uninfected mothers in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2023]
• Taiwan
  • JAMA Network Open
    • Association of Nationwide Hepatitis B Vaccination and Antiviral Therapy Programs With End-Stage Liver Disease Burden in Taiwan [2022]
• Tajikistan
  • Vaccine
    • Substantial decline in hepatitis B virus infections following vaccine introduction in Tajikistan [2015]
• Thailand
  • PLoS ONE
    • The Success of a Universal Hepatitis B Immunization Program as Part of Thailand’s EPI after 22 Years’ Implementation [2016]
• Turkey
  • Cost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation
    • Cost-effectiveness analysis of oral anti-viral drugs used for treatment of chronic hepatitis B in Turkey [2015]
  • Turkish Journal of Gastroenterology
    • Recommendations for Hepatitis B Immunoglobulin and Antiviral Prophylaxis Against Hepatitis B Recurrence After Liver Transplantation [2021]
• United Kingdom
  • National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
    • Tenofovir disoproxil for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B [2009]
  • Public Health England
    • Hepatitis B: vaccine recommendations during supply constraints
  • UK Health Security Agency
    • Hepatitis B: the green book, chapter 18
    • Hepatitis B vaccine for at-risk infants aide memoire
  • Value in Health
    • Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Alternative Antiviral Strategies for the Treatment of HBeAg-Positive and HBeAg-Negative Chronic Hepatitis B in the United Kingdom [2015]
• United States
  • American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases
    • AASLD guidelines for treatment of chronic hepatitis B [2016]
  • American College of Physicians
    • Hepatitis B Vaccination, Screening, and Linkage to Care: Best Practice Advice From the American College of Physicians and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [2017]
  • American Gastroenterological Association
    • AGA Clinical Practice Guideline on the Prevention and Treatment of Hepatitis B Virus Reactivation in At-Risk Individuals [2025]
    • American Gastroenterological Association Institute guideline on the prevention and treatment of hepatitis B virus reactivation during immunosuppressive drug therapy [2015]
    • American Gastroenterological Association Institute Technical Review on Prevention and Treatment of Hepatitis B Virus Reactivation During Immunosuppressive Drug Therapy [2015]
  • American Society of Transplantation
    • Solid Organ Transplantation From Hepatitis B Virus–Positive Donors: Consensus Guidelines for Recipient Management [2015]
  • BMC Research Notes
    • Management of infants born to women infected with hepatitis B in the military healthcare system [2013]
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Updated Recommendation for Universal Hepatitis B Vaccination in Adults Aged 19–59 Years — United States, 2024 [2024]
    • Universal Hepatitis B Vaccination in Adults Aged 19–59 Years: Updated Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices — United States, 2022 [2022]
    • Licensure of a Diphtheria and Tetanus Toxoids and Acellular Pertussis, Inactivated Poliovirus, Haemophilus influenzae Type b Conjugate, and Hepatitis B Vaccine, and Guidance for Use in Infants [2020]
    • Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices for Use of a Hepatitis B Vaccine with a Novel Adjuvant [2018]
    • Prevention of Hepatitis B Virus Infection in the United States: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices [2018]
    • Community-Based Services to Improve Testing and Linkage to Care Among Non–U.S.-Born Persons with Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection — Three U.S. Programs, October 2014–September 2017 [2018]
    • Access to Treatment for Hepatitis B Virus Infection — Worldwide, 2016 [2018]
    • Hepatitis B Vaccine Administration
    • Hepatitis B Vaccination
    • Clinical Care of Hepatitis B
  • Gastroenterology & Hepatology
    • Review of Current and Potential Treatments for Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection [2021]
  • JAMA Network Open
    • Prevalence of Hepatitis B Vaccination Coverage and Serologic Evidence of Immunity Among US-Born Children and Adolescents From 1999 to 2016 [2020]
  • Journal of Viral Hepatitis
    • Modelling the potential impact of global hepatitis B vaccination on the burden of chronic hepatitis B in the United States [2024]
  • Sexually Transmitted Diseases
    • Cost-Effectiveness of Hepatitis B Testing and Vaccination of Adults Seeking Care for Sexually Transmitted Infections [2022]
  • StatPearls
    • Hepatitis B Vaccine
  • Vaccine
    • Cost-effectiveness of a 3-antigen versus single-antigen vaccine for the prevention of hepatitis B in adults in the United States [2023]
• WHO
  • World Health Organization
    • Hepatitis B vaccines: WHO position paper – July 2017 [2017]
    • Documenting the impact of Hepatitis B immunization: best practices for conducting a serosurvey [2011]
    • Hepatitis B (HepB3) immunization coverage among 1-year-olds (%)
• WHO South-East Asia Region
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Progress Toward Hepatitis B Control — South-East Asia Region, 2016–2019 [2020]
• Zambia
  • PLoS ONE
    • Eligibility for hepatitis B antiviral therapy among adults in the general population in Zambia [2020]
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Hepatitis B

Hepatitis C

• Asia
  • Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver
    • Toward the hepatitis C virus elimination in Asia: The policy forum from the 2023 Asian Pacific Association of the Study of the Liver (APASL) [2023]
  • International Liver Transplantation Society
    • International Liver Transplantation Society Asian Consensus on the Management of Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Resource Limited Setting-From Noncirrhotic to Decompensated Disease and After Liver Transplantation [2019]
  • KDIGO
    • 2018 Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Hepatitis C in Chronic Kidney Disease Guideline Implementation: Asia Summit Conference Report [2020]
  • Korean Journal of Internal Medicine
    • A 2015 roadmap for the management of hepatitis C virus infections in Asia [2015]
• Australia
  • Australasian Society for HIV, Viral Hepatitis and Sexual Health Medicine
    • HCV in Children: Australian Commentary on AASLD-IDSA Guidance [2021]
    • Hepatitis C
  • Australian Family Physician
    • Hepatitis C – an update [2013]
  • Gastroenterological Society of Australia
    • Australian recommendations for the management of hepatitis C virus infection: a consensus statement (2022) [2022]
• Austria
  • Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
    • Integrating public health policies in the epidemiological modeling of hepatitis C with LEHC tool: application in Austria [2021]
• Baltic countries, Ukraine
  • Medicina
    • Genotype Distribution and Characteristics of Chronic Hepatitis C Infection in Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and Ukraine: The RESPOND-C Study [2023]
• Brazil
  • Arquivos de Gastroenterologia
    • Micro-elimination of hepatitis C in the incarcerated population: is it really possible? [2021]
  • International Journal of Hepatology
    • Chronic Hepatitis C: An Overview of Evidence on Epidemiology and Management from a Brazilian Perspective [2015]
• Cambodia
  • Bulletin of the World Health Organization
    • Nurse-led initiation of hepatitis C care in rural Cambodia [2023]
• Canada
  • Alberta Health Services
    • Hepatitis C Virus Primary Care Pathway
  • Canadian Family Physician
    • Primary care flow sheet for hepatitis C virus [2016]
  • Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology
    • The 5th Canadian Symposium on Hepatitis C Virus: We Are Not Done Yet—Remaining Challenges in Hepatitis C [2016]
    • Highlights of the Fourth Canadian Symposium on Hepatitis C: Moving towards a National Action Plan [2016]
  • Canadian Paediatric Society
    • The management of infants, children, and youth at risk for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection [2021]
  • CanHepC - Canadian Network on Hepatitis C
    • Hepatitis C models of care: approaches to elimination [2020]
    • Hepatitis C virus (HCV) care in Canadian correctional facilities: Where are we and where do we need to be? [2019]
    • Blueprint to Inform Hepatitis C Elimination Efforts in Canada [2019]
    • Hepatitis C: A Canadian perspective [2018]
    • Addressing hepatitis C in the foreign-born population: A key to hepatitis C virus elimination in Canada [2018]
  • Clinical Liver Disease
    • Hepatitis C Virus Prevalence, Screening, and Treatment Among People Who Are Incarcerated in Canada: Leaving No One Behind in the Direct-Acting Antiviral Era [2021]
  • Government of Alberta
    • Alberta public health disease management guidelines : Hepatitis C acute (acute case)
    • Alberta public health disease management guidelines : Hepatitis C (chronic case)
  • Public Health Agency of Canada
    • Hepatitis C: Symptoms and treatment
  • Public Health Ontario
    • Hepatitis C
• Canada, United States
  • North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition
    • Hepatitis C in 2020: A North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Position Paper [2020]
• China
  • BMC Public Health
    • The macroeconomic burden of hepatitis C and the economic benefit of accelerated investments in China [2025]
  • Frontiers in Microbiology
    • Feasibility of Hepatitis C Elimination in China: From Epidemiology, Natural History, and Intervention Perspectives [2022]
  • Global Health & Medicine
    • Prevalence, diagnosis, and treatment of hepatitis C in Mainland China [2021]
  • Infectious Diseases and Therapy
    • Eliminate Hepatitis C as a Public Health Threat: A Narrative Review of Strategies, Gaps, and Opportunities for China [2022]
  • Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology
    • Current Challenges and the Management of Chronic Hepatitis C in Mainland China [2014]
• Commonwealth of Independent States, Ukraine
  • World Journal of Gastroenterology
    • Consensus on management of hepatitis C virus infection in resource-limited Ukraine and Commonwealth of Independent States regions [2019]
• Cyprus
  • World Journal of Gastroenterology
    • Planning the hepatitis C virus elimination in Cyprus: A modeling study [2021]
• Egypt
  • Global Health: Science and Practice
    • Egypt's Ambitious Strategy to Eliminate Hepatitis C Virus: A Case Study [2021]
  • International Journal of General Medicine
    • Hepatitis C in Egypt – past, present, and future [2016]
  • Lancet Global Health
    • Effect of preventive and curative interventions on hepatitis C virus transmission in Egypt (ANRS 1211): a modelling study [2014]
• Europe
  • BMC Public Health
    • Hepatitis C virus infection in EU/EEA and United Kingdom prisons: opportunities and challenges for action [2020]
  • European Association for the Study of the Liver
    • Policy statement on drug use and the global hepatitis C elimination goal [2020]
    • Eliminating Hepatitis C – an Action Plan [2019]
    • EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines: Management of hepatitis C virus infection [2014]
  • European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control
    • Hepatitis C
  • European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
    • Elimination of hepatitis C in Europe: can WHO targets be achieved? [2020]
  • Harm Reduction Journal
    • The civil society monitoring of hepatitis C response related to the WHO 2030 elimination goals in 35 European countries [2020]
• France
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • French hepatitis C care cascade: substantial impact of direct-acting antivirals, but the road to elimination is still long [2020]
  • Viruses
    • Impact of Public Policy and COVID-19 Pandemic on Hepatitis C Testing and Treatment in France, 2014-2021 [2024]
  • World Journal of Hepatology
    • European Association for the Study of the Liver and French hepatitis C recent guidelines: The paradigm shift [2018]
• Georgia
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Progress in Testing for and Treatment of Hepatitis C Virus Infection Among Persons Who Inject Drugs — Georgia, 2018 [2019]
  • PLoS Medicine
    • Hepatitis C care cascade among patients with and without tuberculosis: Nationwide observational cohort study in the country of Georgia, 2015-2020 [2023]
  • Public Health
    • The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the 2020 hepatitis C cascade of care in the Republic of Georgia [2022]
• Greece
  • Annals of Gastroenterology
    • Aiming towards hepatitis C virus elimination in Greece [2019]
  • World Journal of Gastroenterology
    • Economic evaluation of the hepatitis C elimination strategy in Greece in the era of affordable direct-acting antivirals [2019]
• Hungary
  • Viruses
    • Hepatitis C Screening and Treatment Program in Hungarian Prisons in the Era of Direct Acting Antiviral Agents [2022]
• India
  • Indian Pediatrics
    • Management of Hepatitis C in Children - A New Paradigm [2023]
  • Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology
    • Consensus Statement of HCV Task Force of the Indian National Association for Study of the Liver (INASL). Part II: INASL Recommendations for Management of HCV in India [2014]
• International
  • Clinical Microbiology and Infection
    • Hepatitis C: global epidemiology and strategies for control [2016]
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Towards eliminating hepatitis C as a public health threat: different speeds, different needs [2024]
  • International Federation of Kidney Foundations
    • Hepatitis C virus infection and global kidney health: the consensus proceedings of the International Federation of Kidney Foundations [2020]
  • International Liver Transplantation Society
    • International Liver Transplantation Society Consensus Statement on Hepatitis C Management in Liver Transplant Recipients [2017]
    • International Liver Transplantation Society Consensus Statement on Hepatitis C Management in Liver Transplant Candidates [2017]
  • International Network on Hepatitis in Substance Users
    • Hepatitis C elimination among people who inject drugs: Challenges and recommendations for action within a health systems framework [2019]
    • Research priorities to achieve universal access to hepatitis C prevention, management and direct-acting antiviral treatment among people who inject drugs [2017]
    • Recommendations for the management of hepatitis C virus infection among people who inject drugs [2015]
  • JHEP Reports
    • Where are the children in national hepatitis C policies? A global review of national strategic plans and guidelines [2021]
  • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
    • Trends of the Global Hepatitis C Disease Burden: Strategies to Achieve Elimination [2021]
  • Journal of Virus Eradication
    • Report from the International Viral Hepatitis Elimination Meeting (IVHEM), 17–18 November 2017, Amsterdam, the Netherlands: gaps and challenges in the WHO 2030 hepatitis C elimination framework [2018]
  • KDIGO
    • Kidney Transplantation From Hepatitis C Virus-Infected Donors to Uninfected Recipients: A Systematic Review for the KDIGO 2022 Hepatitis C Clinical Practice Guideline Update [2023]
    • KDIGO 2022 Clinical Practice Guideline FOR the Prevention, Diagnosis, Evaluation, and Treatment of Hepatitis C in Chronic Kidney Disease [2022]
    • KDIGO 2018 Clinical Practice Guideline for the Prevention, Diagnosis, Evaluation, and Treatment of Hepatitis C in Chronic Kidney Disease [2018]
    • Hepatitis C in CKD
  • Viruses
    • Elimination of HCV Infection: Recent Epidemiological Findings, Barriers, and Strategies for the Coming Years [2024]
  • World Journal of Gastroenterology
    • Cascade of care for children and adolescents with chronic hepatitis C [2021]
• Israel
  • Emerging Infectious Diseases
    • Economic Analysis of National Program for Hepatitis C Elimination, Israel, 2023 [2024]
  • Harm Reduction Journal
    • Hepatitis C in Israeli prisons: status report [2020]
• Italy
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Meet-Test-Treat for HCV management: patients' and clinicians' preferences in hospital and drug addiction services in Italy [2022]
    • Proceedings of the Second Workshop of the Regional Study Group on HCV in the Calabria Region (Southern Italy). The virus-host-therapy pathway in HCV disease management: from bench to bedside in the era of Directly Actin [2012]
• Kuwait
  • Hepatic Medicine : Evidence and Research
    • Expert opinion on the management of hepatitis C infection in Kuwait [2018]
  • World Journal of Gastroenterology
    • Accelerating the elimination of hepatitis C in Kuwait: An expert opinion [2020]
• Latin America
  • World Journal of Gastroenterology
    • Need of righteous attitudes towards eradication of hepatitis C virus infection in Latin America [2016]
• Low and middle income countries
  • BMJ Global Health
    • Initial success from a public health approach to hepatitis C testing, treatment and cure in seven countries: the road to elimination [2020]
  • World Health Organization
    • Accelerating access to hepatitis C diagnostics and treatment: overcoming barriers in low- and middle-income countries [2021]
• Middle East, North Africa
  • Viruses
    • Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Persons Who Inject Drugs in the Middle East and North Africa: Intervention Strategies [2021]
  • World Journal of Gastroenterology
    • Systematic overview of hepatitis C infection in the Middle East and North Africa [2018]
• New Zealand
  • Health New Zealand
    • National Hepatitis C Action Plan for Aotearoa New Zealand [2021]
• Nordic countries
  • PLoS ONE
    • Policy responses to hepatitis C in the Nordic countries: Gaps and discrepant reporting in the Hep-Nordic study [2018]
• Pakistan
  • Lancet Global Health
    • Effects and cost of different strategies to eliminate hepatitis C virus transmission in Pakistan: a modelling analysis [2020]
• Portugal
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Consensus for the integrated management of hepatitis C in Portugal [2014]
• Republic of Korea
  • Korean Association for the Study of the Liver
    • KASL clinical practice guidelines: management of hepatitis C [2016]
  • Korean Journal of Internal Medicine
    • Comorbidities and the use of comedications among patients with chronic hepatitis C in Korea: A nationwide cross-sectional study [2023]
• Rwanda
  • Viruses
    • The Cascade of Care for Hepatitis C Treatment in Rwanda: A Retrospective Cohort Study of the 2017-2019 Mass Screening and Treatment Campaign [2023]
• Saudi Arabia
  • Saudi Journal of Gastroenterology
    • Epidemiology, Disease Burden, and Treatment Strategies of Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infections in Saudi Arabia in the New Treatment Paradigm Shift [2016]
    • SASLT Practice Guidelines: Management of Hepatitis C Virus Infection [2012]
• Singapore
  • Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology
    • What is required for achieving HCV elimination in Singapore? A modeling study [2020]
• Spain
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • Let's End HepC: Modelling Public Health Epidemiological Policies Applied to Hepatitis C in Spain [2022]
  • Sociedad Española de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica
    • Executive summary: Consensus document of GEHEP of the Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC), along with SOCIDROGALCOHOL, SEPD and SOMAPA on hepatitis C virus infection management in drug users Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica [2020]
• Sweden
  • Liver International
    • Hepatitis C elimination in Sweden: Progress, challenges and opportunities for growth in the time of COVID-19 [2021]
• Switzerland
  • Swiss Medical Weekly
    • Microelimination of chronic hepatitis C in Switzerland: modelling the Swiss Hepatitis Strategy goals in eastern, western and northern regions [2019]
• Taiwan
  • Journal of the Formosan Medical Association
    • TASL, TADE, and DAROC consensus for the screening and management of hepatitis C in patients with diabetes [2023]
• Turkey
  • Turkish Journal of Gastroenterology
    • Turkey 2017 Clinical Practice Guidelines on recommendations for screening diagnosing and managing hepatitis C virus [2017]
• United Kingdom
  • British Journal of General Practice
    • Hepatitis C diagnosis and management: a primary care and public health partnership approach [2022]
    • Eliminating hepatitis C: time to embrace primary care's critical role? [2021]
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Monitoring liver transplant rates in persons diagnosed with hepatitis C: a data linkage study, England 2008 to 2017 [2019]
  • Journal of Viral Hepatitis
    • Assessing uncertainty in the burden of hepatitis C virus: Comparison of estimated disease burden and treatment costs in the UK [2018]
  • UK Health Security Agency
    • Hepatitis C: migrant health guide
    • Hepatitis C: guidance, data and analysis
• United States
  • Adolescent Health, Medicine and Therapeutics
    • Adolescent Hepatitis C: Prevalence, Impact, and Management Challenges [2021]
  • American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases
    • The national hepatitis C elimination program-AASLD's coalition and call to action [2023]
    • Hepatitis C Guidance 2023 Update: AASLD-IDSA Recommendations for Testing, Managing, and Treating Hepatitis C Virus Infection [2023]
    • Hepatitis C Guidance 2019 Update: American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases-Infectious Diseases Society of America Recommendations for Testing, Managing, and Treating Hepatitis C Virus Infection [2020]
    • Hepatitis C Guidance 2018 Update: AASLD-IDSA Recommendations for Testing, Managing, and Treating Hepatitis C Virus Infection [2018]
    • Recommendations for Testing, Managing, and Treating Hepatitis C
  • American Journal of Managed Care
    • Value of Expanding HCV Screening and Treatment Policies in the United States [2016]
  • American Journal of Medicine
    • Hepatitis C Management at Federally Qualified Health Centers during the Opioid Epidemic: A Cost-Effectiveness Study [2020]
  • American Journal of Preventive Medicine
    • Decreases in Hepatitis C Testing and Treatment During the COVID-19 Pandemic [2021]
  • American Society of Transplantation
    • The American Society of Transplantation Consensus Conference on the Use of Hepatitis C Viremic Donors in Solid Organ Transplantation [2017]
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • State-Specific Hepatitis C Virus Clearance Cascades — United States, 2013–2022 [2024]
    • Hepatitis C Virus Clearance Cascade — United States, 2013–2022 [2023]
    • Hepatitis C
  • Endocrine Practice
    • Clinical Monitoring of Chronic Hepatitis C Based on its Natural History and Therapy [2013]
  • Hepatitis C Online
    • Management of Cirrhosis-Related Complications
    • Hepatitis C Online
    • Evaluation, Staging, and Monitoring of Chronic Hepatitis C
  • New York State Department of Health AIDS Institute
    • Hepatitis care
• WHO
  • World Health Organization
    • New recommendation on hepatitis C virus testing and treatment for people at ongoing risk of infection: policy brief [2023]
    • Updated recommendations on treatment of adolescents and children with chronic HCV infection, and HCV simplified service delivery and diagnostics [2022]
    • Updated recommendations on simplified service delivery and diagnostics for hepatitis C infection [2022]
    • Access to hepatitis C testing and treatment for people who inject drugs and people in prisons — a global perspective [2019]
    • Guidelines for the care and treatment of persons diagnosed with chronic hepatitis C virus infection [2018]
    • Hepatitis C: Fact sheet
• Zimbabwe
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Cost-Effectiveness of Screening and Treating Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Zimbabwe [2025]
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Hepatitis C: treatment
    • Hepatitis C: prevention, screening, diagnosis
    • Hepatitis C: epidemiology
    • Hepatitis

Hepatitis C: epidemiology

• Afghanistan
  • International Journal of Infectious Diseases
    • The epidemiology of hepatitis C virus in Afghanistan: systematic review and meta-analysis [2015]
• Arab countries
  • Scientific World Journal
    • Hepatitis C Virus in Arab World: A State of Concern [2012]
• Arctic countries
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Summary of available surveillance data on hepatitis C virus infection from eight Arctic countries, 2012 to 2014 [2018]
• Argentina
  • Hepatic Medicine : Evidence and Research
    • Hepatitis C in Argentina: epidemiology and treatment [2014]
  • World Journal of Hepatology
    • Hepatitis C virus infection in Argentina: Burden of chronic disease [2016]
• Asia-Pacific
  • Journal of the International AIDS Society
    • Review on the molecular epidemiology of sexually acquired hepatitis C virus infection in the Asia-Pacific region [2020]
• Belgium
  • BMC Public Health
    • Low hepatitis C prevalence in Belgium: implications for treatment reimbursement and scale up [2019]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Distribution of HCV genotypes in Belgium from 2008 to 2015 [2018]
• Brazil
  • Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical
    • Incidence of hepatitis C in Brazil [2015]
  • Revista de Saúde Pública
    • Temporal trends and spatial patterns of Hepatitis C-related mortality in Brazil [2025]
    • Prevalence of hepatitis C virus in Brazil’s inmate population: a systematic review [2015]
  • Scientific Reports
    • Persistently high hepatitis C rates in haemodialysis patients in Brazil [a systematic review and meta-analysis] [2022]
  • Scientific World Journal
    • Hepatitis C Worldwide and in Brazil: Silent Epidemic—Data on Disease including Incidence, Transmission, Prevention, and Treatment [2014]
• Burkina Faso
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Epidemiologic profile of hepatitis C virus infection and genotype distribution in Burkina Faso: a systematic review with meta-analysis [2021]
• Cambodia
  • Scientific Reports
    • Molecular epidemiology of hepatitis C virus in Cambodia during 2016–2017 [2019]
• Cameroon
  • BMJ Open
    • Seroprevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in Cameroon: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2017]
• Canada
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Twin epidemics of new and prevalent hepatitis C infections in Canada: BC Hepatitis Testers Cohort [2016]
  • BMC Public Health
    • Epidemiology of Hepatitis C over 28 years of monitoring Canadian blood donors: Insight into a low-risk undiagnosed population [2024]
  • Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology
    • Burden of disease and cost of chronic hepatitis C virus infection in Canada [2014]
  • CanHepC - Canadian Network on Hepatitis C
    • Contextualizing Canada’s hepatitis C virus epidemic [2018]
  • CMAJ Open
    • Identifying and describing a cohort effect in the national database of reported cases of hepatitis C virus infection in Canada (1991-2010): an age-period-cohort analysis [2014]
  • Public Health Agency of Canada
    • The hepatitis C epidemic in Canada: An overview of recent trends in surveillance, injection drug use, harm reduction and treatment [2021]
    • Hepatitis C surveillance in Canada [2014]
• Central Asia
  • Scientific Reports
    • The epidemiology of hepatitis C virus in Central Asia: Systematic review, meta-analyses, and meta-regression analyses [2019]
• Central Europe
  • Clinical and Experimental Hepatology
    • How close are we to hepatitis C virus elimination in Central Europe? [2020]
• China
  • Biomedical and Environmental Sciences
    • Prevalence of HCV Antibody and its Associated Factors: A Study from Sentinel Hospitals in China [2023]
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Epidemiological trends of hepatitis C incidence and death in Mainland China between 2004 and 2018 and its predictions to 2030 [2025]
    • Prevalence and trend of hepatitis C virus infection among blood donors in Chinese mainland: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2011]
  • BMC Public Health
    • Age-period-cohort and bayesian age-period-cohort prediction modeling of hepatitis C incidence and mortality in China [2025]
  • China CDC Weekly
    • Supervised Analysis of Hepatitis C Virus RNA-Positive Case Reporting in County-Level Hospitals — China, 2013-2018 [2020]
  • Infectious Diseases of Poverty
    • Molecular epidemiology of hepatitis C virus genotypes in different geographical regions of Chinese mainland and a phylogenetic analysis [2023]
  • Open Forum Infectious Diseases
    • Prevalence of Anti-HCV Antibody Among the General Population in Mainland China Between 1991 and 2015: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis [2019]
• Croatia
  • World Journal of Gastroenterology
    • Epidemiology of hepatitis C in Croatia in the European context [2015]
• Cyprus
  • BMC Research Notes
    • Molecular epidemiology of hepatitis C infection in Cyprus within the general population and high-risk cohorts [2011]
• Denmark
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Hepatitis C prevalence in Denmark -an estimate based on multiple national registers [2012]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Hepatitis C prevalence in Denmark in 2016—An updated estimate using multiple national registers [2020]
• Denmark, Sweden
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Hepatitis C time trends in reported cases and estimates of the hidden population born before 1965, Denmark and Sweden, 1990 to 2020 [2022]
• Eastern Mediterranean, Middle East
  • World Journal of Hepatology
    • Occult hepatitis C virus infection in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2021]
• Egypt
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • The epidemiology of hepatitis C virus in Egypt: a systematic review and data synthesis [2013]
  • BMJ Open
    • Hepatitis C risk score as a tool to identify individuals with HCV infection: a demonstration and cross-sectional epidemiological study in Egypt [2024]
  • Heliyon
    • Geospatial epidemiology of hepatitis C infection in Egypt 2017 by governorate [2019]
  • Hepatology
    • Spatial epidemiology of hepatitis C virus infection in Egypt: Analyses and implications [2014]
  • International Journal of Infectious Diseases
    • Risk factors associated with high prevalence rates of hepatitis C infection in Egypt [2014]
  • Scientific Reports
    • Gender differences in prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in Egypt: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2023]
    • Characterizing hepatitis C virus epidemiology in Egypt: systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and meta-regressions [2018]
• Estonia
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Prevalence of chronic hepatitis C infection in the general population: results from a national survey, Estonia, July to December 2022 [2024]
  • Medicina
    • A Population-Based Surveillance Study on the Epidemiology of Hepatitis C in Estonia [2018]
• Ethiopia
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Seroprevalence of hepatitis c virus infection among blood donors in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2021]
  • Scientific World Journal
    • Seroprevalence of Hepatitis C Viral Infection in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2021]
• Europe
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Estimating the scale of chronic hepatitis C virus infection in the EU/EEA: a focus on migrants from anti-HCV endemic countries [2018]
  • Digestive and Liver Disease
    • Epidemiology of hepatitis C in Europe [2014]
  • European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control
    • Hepatitis C - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2023 [2025]
    • Toolkit to support the generation of robust estimates of hepatitis C prevalence [2020]
  • Infectious Agents and Cancer
    • Hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes distribution: an epidemiological up-date in Europe [2016]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Hepatitis C Virus Infection Epidemiology among People Who Inject Drugs in Europe: A Systematic Review of Data for Scaling Up Treatment and Prevention [2014]
• France
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Severe liver disease related to chronic hepatitis C virus infection in treatment-naive patients: epidemiological characteristics and associated factors at first expert centre visit, France, 2000 to 2007 and 2010 to 2014 [2017]
• Georgia
  • BMC Public Health
    • Hepatitis C prevalence and risk factors in Georgia, 2015: setting a baseline for elimination [2019]
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Insights from a national survey in 2021 and from modelling on progress towards hepatitis C virus elimination in the country of Georgia since 2015 [2023]
  • Lancet Global Health
    • Interim effect evaluation of the hepatitis C elimination programme in Georgia: a modelling study [2019]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Risk factors and genotype distribution of hepatitis C virus in Georgia: A nationwide population-based survey [2022]
• Ghana
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Epidemiology of hepatitis C virus in Ghana: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2016]
• Greece
  • World Journal of Gastroenterology
    • Epidemiology of hepatitis C in Greece [2016]
• Gulf Cooperation Council
  • International Journal of Infectious Diseases
    • Epidemiology of hepatitis C virus in the Arabian Gulf countries: Systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence [2016]
• India
  • Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology
    • Consensus Statement of HCV Task Force of the Indian National Association for Study of the Liver (INASL). Part I: Status Report of HCV Infection in India [2014]
• International
  • BMC Public Health
    • Insights into the spatial epidemiology of hepatitis C infection: systematic synthesis of area-level determinants and spatiotemporal analyses [2025]
    • Hepatitis C prevalence in incarcerated settings between 2013-2021: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2022]
  • China CDC Weekly
    • Global Trends and Regional Differences in Hepatitis C Virus Infection Prevalence and Implications for Prevention — Worldwide, 1990-2017 [2020]
  • European Journal of Cancer Prevention
    • Changing global epidemiology of chronic hepatitis C virus-related outcomes from 2010 to 2019: cirrhosis is the growing burden of hepatitis C virus-related disease [2024]
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • The burden of hepatitis C virus in the world, China, India, and the United States from 1990 to 2019 [2023]
  • Infectious Agents and Cancer
    • Hepatitis C virus seroprevalence in the general female population of 9 countries in Europe, Asia and Africa [2017]
  • Journal of Clinical Virology
    • Hepatitis C virus seroprevalence in the general female population from 8 countries [2015]
  • Journal of Hepatology
    • Global epidemiology and genotype distribution of the hepatitis C virus infection [2014]
  • Journal of Nephrology
    • The world prevalence, associated risk factors and mortality of hepatitis C virus infection in hemodialysis patients: a meta-analysis [2022]
  • PLoS ONE
    • The Seroprevalence of Hepatitis C Antibodies in Immigrants and Refugees from Intermediate and High Endemic Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2015]
  • Public Health
    • Prevalence of hepatitis C virus exposure and infection among Indigenous and tribal populations: a global systematic review and meta-analysis [2024]
  • SN Comprehensive Clinical Medicine
    • Update on Hepatitis C Epidemiology: Unaware and Untreated Infected Population Could Be the Key to Elimination [2020]
  • Viruses
    • Prevalence and Modes of Transmission of Hepatitis C Virus Infection: A Historical Worldwide Review [2024]
    • Epidemiology and Elimination of HCV-Related Liver Disease [2018]
  • World Journal of Gastroenterology
    • Global epidemiology of hepatitis C virus infection: An up-date of the distribution and circulation of hepatitis C virus genotypes [2016]
  • World Journal of Methodology
    • Global prevalence of occult hepatitis C virus: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2022]
  • World Journal of Virology
    • Geographic integration of hepatitis C virus: A global threat [2016]
• Iran
  • Harm Reduction Journal
    • Harm reduction program and hepatitis C prevalence in people who inject drugs (PWID) in Iran: an updated systematic review and cumulative meta-analysis [2021]
  • Infectious Diseases of Poverty
    • Prevalence of hepatitis C virus among street children in Iran [2018]
  • International Journal of Infectious Diseases
    • High hepatitis C virus prevalence among drug users in Iran: systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological evidence (2001–2012) [2015]
  • Journal of Research in Medical Sciences
    • Prevalence and trend of hepatitis C virus infection among blood donors in Iran: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2014]
  • Scientific Reports
    • The association between drug injection duration and hepatitis C prevalence among people who inject drugs in Iran [2025]
    • The epidemiology of hepatitis C virus in Iran: Systematic review and meta-analyses [2018]
  • World Journal of Gastroenterology
    • Epidemiology of hepatitis C virus in Iran [2015]
• Ireland
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Hepatitis C virus infection in Irish drug users and prisoners – a scoping review [2019]
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Hepatitis C virus seroprevalence and prevalence of chronic infection in the adult population in Ireland: a study of residual sera, April 2014 to February 2016 [2017]
  • Health Protection Surveillance Centre
    • Hepatitis C
• Italy
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Update on epidemiology of HCV in Italy: focus on the Calabria Region [2014]
  • Epidemics
    • Estimated prevalence of undiagnosed HCV infected individuals in Italy: A mathematical model by route of transmission and fibrosis progression [2021]
  • Medicine
    • Epidemiological burden estimates for pathologies with a nonconstant risk: an application to HCV in Italy according to age, Metavir score, and genotype [2016]
  • New Microbiologica
    • Prevalence of hepatitis C virus estimates of undiagnosed individuals in different Italian regions: a mathematical modelling approach by route of transmission and fibrosis progression with results up to January 2021 [2022]
• Japan
  • Global Health & Medicine
    • Epidemiology of viral hepatitis C: Road to elimination in Japan [2021]
• Kenya
  • Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health
    • The Prevalence and Genotype Distribution of Hepatitis C Virus in Kenya: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2024]
• Latin America and the Caribbean
  • International Journal of Public Health
    • Hepatitis C in key populations in Latin America and the Caribbean: systematic review and meta-analysis [2015]
• Lebanon
  • Hepatic Medicine : Evidence and Research
    • Hepatitis C in Lebanon: the burden of the disease and the value of comprehensive screening and treatment [2018]
• Lithuania
  • Medicina
    • The Epidemiological Patterns of Hepatitis C in Lithuania: Changes in Surveillance from 2005 to 2018 [2021]
  • Viruses
    • Hepatitis C Virus Epidemiology in Lithuania: Situation before Introduction of the National Screening Programme [2022]
• Low-income countries
  • Infectious Diseases of Poverty
    • Epidemiology and management of hepatitis C virus infections in immigrant populations [2019]
• Macedonia
  • Balkan Journal of Medical Genetics
    • Study of the Hepatitis C Virus in the Republic of Macedonia [2012]
• Maghreb
  • PLoS ONE
    • The Epidemiology of Hepatitis C Virus in the Maghreb Region: Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses [2015]
• Malaysia
  • PLoS ONE
    • Projections of the Current and Future Disease Burden of Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Malaysia [2015]
• Mexico
  • Annals of Hepatology
    • Hepatitis C mortality trends in Mexico from 2001 to 2017 [2023]
    • A comprehensive update of the status of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in Mexico—A systematic review and meta-analysis (2008–2019) [2021]
• Middle East, North Africa
  • Hepatology Communications
    • Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Populations With Liver-Related Diseases in the Middle East and North Africa [2020]
  • Infection, Genetics and Evolution
    • Sub-genotypes of hepatitis C virus in the Middle East and North Africa: Patterns of distribution and temporal changes [2023]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Hepatitis C virus viremic rate in the Middle East and North Africa: Systematic synthesis, meta-analyses, and meta-regressions [2017]
    • Hepatitis C Virus Epidemiology in Djibouti, Somalia, Sudan, and Yemen: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2016]
    • The Epidemiology of Hepatitis C Virus in the Fertile Crescent: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2015]
  • Scientific Reports
    • Characterizing trends and associations for hepatitis C virus antibody prevalence in the Middle East and North Africa: meta-regression analyses [2022]
• Moldova
  • Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
    • Epidemiology of hepatitis C in the Republic of Moldova: achievements and remaining challenges in prevention and control [2016]
• Mongolia
  • International Journal of Infectious Diseases
    • Prevalence and genotype distribution of hepatitis C virus in Mongolia: Systematic review and meta-analysis [2021]
• Myanmar
  • PLoS ONE
    • Intermediate hepatitis C virus (HCV) endemicity and its genotype distribution in Myanmar: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2024]
• North Africa
  • Scientific World Journal
    • Hepatitis C Virus in North Africa: An Emerging Threat [2016]
• Pakistan
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Characterization of the hepatitis C virus epidemic in Pakistan [2019]
  • Royal Society Open Science
    • The epidemiology of hepatitis C virus in Pakistan: systematic review and meta-analyses [2018]
  • Virology Journal
    • Hepatitis C Virus Genotypes in Pakistan: a systemic review [2011]
  • World Journal of Gastroenterology
    • Hepatitis C virus prevalence and genotype distribution in Pakistan: Comprehensive review of recent data [2016]
    • Hepatitis C virus in Pakistan: A systematic review of prevalence, genotypes and risk factors [2009]
• Poland
  • Clinical and Experimental Hepatology
    • Perspectives of hepatitis C virus (HCV) elimination in Poland [2019]
    • Prevalence of HCV genotypes in Poland – the EpiTer study [2016]
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Anti-hepatitis C virus seroprevalence in the working age population in Poland, 2004 to 2014 [2017]
• Qatar
  • Scientific Reports
    • Prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in Qatar's resident population based on a national screening campaign [2025]
• Republic of Korea
  • BMC Public Health
    • Temporal and geospatial patterns of hepatitis C virus prevalence: a longitudinal examination using national health insurance service data in the Republic of Korea (2005-2022) [2025]
  • Clinical and Molecular Hepatology
    • Comparison and analysis of the prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection by region in the Republic of Korea during 2005-2012 [2015]
  • Epidemiology and Health
    • Epidemiology and treatment status of hepatitis C virus infection among people who have ever injected drugs in Korea: a prospective multicenter cohort study from 2007 to 2019 in comparison with non-PWID [2021]
  • Gut and Liver
    • Prevalence, Awareness, and Treatment of Hepatitis C Virus Infection in South Korea: Evidence from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey [2019]
    • Regional Distribution of Hepatitis C Virus Infection in the Republic of Korea, 2007–2011 [2014]
• Romania
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Prevalence of chronic hepatitis C infection in the general population: results from a national survey, Romania, 2020 to 2023 [2024]
• Russia
  • Hepatic Medicine : Evidence and Research
    • Hepatitis C in the Russian Federation: challenges and future directions [2016]
• Rwanda
  • BMJ Open
    • Screening a nation for hepatitis C virus elimination: a cross-sectional study on prevalence of hepatitis C and associated risk factors in the Rwandan general population [2019]
• South-East Asia
  • PLoS ONE
    • Prevalence of HCV genotypes and subtypes in Southeast Asia: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2021]
• Spain
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Increasing importance of European lineages in seeding the hepatitis C virus subtype 1a epidemic in Spain [2019]
  • Journal of Clinical Medicine
    • Epidemiological Trend of Sepsis in Patients with Hospital Admissions Related to Hepatitis C in Spain (2000–2015): A Nationwide Study [2020]
• Sub-Saharan Africa
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • A Synthesis of Hepatitis C prevalence estimates in Sub-Saharan Africa: 2000–2013 [2016]
  • Liver International
    • Prevalence, trends, and distribution of hepatitis C virus among the general population in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2024]
• Switzerland
  • European Journal of Public Health
    • Birth year distribution in reported hepatitis C cases in Switzerland [2014]
  • Liver International
    • HCV disease burden and population segments in Switzerland [2022]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Modeling the Health and Economic Burden of Hepatitis C Virus in Switzerland [2015]
  • Swiss Medical Weekly
    • Hepatitis C antibody test frequencies and positive rates in Switzerland from 2007 to 2017: a retrospective longitudinal study [2023]
    • The epidemiology of hepatitis C in Switzerland: trends in notifications, 1988–2015 [2018]
• Taiwan
  • Hepatology Communications
    • Secular Trends and Geographic Maps of Hepatitis C Virus Infection among 4 Million Blood Donors in Taiwan from 1999 to 2017 [2020]
  • Journal of the Formosan Medical Association
    • The epidemiological profile of chronic hepatitis C with advanced hepatic fibrosis regarding virus genotype in Taiwan: A nationwide study [2021]
• Thailand
  • PLoS ONE
    • Decreasing Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Thailand in the Past Decade: Evidence from the 2014 National Survey [2016]
  • Scientific Reports
    • A comparative national survey on the gradual decline of hepatitis C virus prevalence in Thailand, 2004, 2014, and 2024 [2025]
• Tunisia
  • Saudi Journal of Kidney Diseases and Transplantation
    • National Epidemiological Study about Hepatitis C Virus Infection among Dialysis Patients [2021]
• United Kingdom
  • BMC Public Health
    • Developing a syndromic surveillance tool to support the epidemiological investigation into paediatric acute hepatitis of unknown aetiology in England [2025]
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Mortality rates among individuals diagnosed with hepatitis C virus (HCV); an observational cohort study, England, 2008 to 2016 [2019]
  • UK Health Security Agency
    • Hepatitis C in England and the UK
• United States
  • Advances in Therapy
    • Epidemiology and Clinical Characteristics of Individuals with Hepatitis C Virus Infection in the United States, 2017–2019 [2021]
    • Estimating the Year Each State in the United States Will Achieve the World Health Organization’s Elimination Targets for Hepatitis C [2020]
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Vital Signs: Newly Reported Acute and Chronic Hepatitis C Cases - United States, 2009-2018 [2020]
    • State HCV Incidence and Policies Related to HCV Preventive and Treatment Services for Persons Who Inject Drugs — United States, 2015–2016 [2017]
    • Hepatitis C Surveillance 2022
  • Clinical Infectious Diseases
    • Evolving epidemiology of hepatitis C virus in the United States [2012]
  • Hepatitis C Online
    • HCV Epidemiology in the United States
  • Hepatology
    • County-Level Variation in Hepatitis C Virus Mortality and Trends in the United States, 2005-2017 [2021]
  • Hepatology Communications
    • Hepatitis C Virus Prevalence in 50 U.S. States and D.C. by Sex, Birth Cohort, and Race: 2013-2016 [2020]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Prevalence and associated risk factors of current hepatitis C infection among U.S. general population and injection drug users aged 20-59 years: NHANES 2009-2018 [2024]
• Upper middle income countries
  • PLoS ONE
    • Estimating the prevalence of hepatitis C among intravenous drug users in upper middle income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2019]
• WHO
  • World Health Organization
    • Hepatitis C (WHO Mortality Database)
• WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region
  • WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region
    • Epidemiology of hepatitis C virus in the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region: implications for strategic action [2020]
• WHO Western Pacific Region
  • Viruses
    • Systematic Review of Hepatitis C Virus Prevalence in the WHO Western Pacific Region [2022]
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Hepatitis: epidemiology
    • Hepatitis C

Hepatitis C: prevention, screening, diagnosis

• Asia-Pacific
  • Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver
    • APASL consensus statements and recommendations for hepatitis C prevention, epidemiology, and laboratory testing [2016]
• Australia
  • Australasian Society for HIV, Viral Hepatitis and Sexual Health Medicine
    • National HCV Testing Policy
  • NSW Health
    • Hepatitis C control guideline
• Australia, United Kingdom, United States
  • BMC Public Health
    • Barriers and enablers to testing for hepatitis C virus infection in people who inject drugs - a scoping review of the qualitative evidence [2023]
• Brazil
  • Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases
    • How are HCV-infected patients being identified in Brazil: a multicenter study [2019]
• Canada
  • Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health
    • Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse Imaging for Diagnosis and Monitoring of Liver Fibrosis in Patients with Hepatitis C: A Review of Diagnostic Accuracy, Clinical Effectiveness, Cost-Effectiveness, and Guidelines [2016]
    • Hepatitis C Polymorphism Testing: A Review of the Clinical Evidence [2014]
  • Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care
    • Recommendations on hepatitis C screening for adults [2017]
    • Hepatitis C (2017) [2017]
  • CanHepC - Canadian Network on Hepatitis C
    • The role of prevention strategies in achieving HCV elimination in Canada: what are the remaining challenges? [2018]
    • Progress toward approval of an HCV vaccine [2018]
  • CMAJ
    • A Canadian screening program for hepatitis C: Is now the time? [2013]
  • CMAJ Open
    • Systematic review of the accuracy of antibody tests used to screen asymptomatic adults for hepatitis C infection [2016]
  • Government of Alberta
    • Hepatitis C screening in Alberta : a health technology assessment
  • Public Health Agency of Canada
    • Hepatitis C virus
• China
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • Management of in- and out-of-hospital screening for hepatitis C [2023]
• Egypt
  • Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology
    • Interaction Between the Neglected Tropical Disease Human Schistosomiasis and HCV Infection in Egypt: a Puzzling Relationship [2014]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Accelerating Hepatitis C virus elimination in Egypt by 2030: A national survey of communication for behavioral development as a modelling study [2021]
    • Validation of EGCRISC for Chronic Hepatitis C Infection Screening and Risk Assessment in the Egyptian Population [2016]
• Europe
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • The Effectiveness and Cost-Effectiveness of Hepatitis C Screening for Migrants in the EU/EEA: A Systematic Review [2018]
• France
  • Clinics and Research in Hepatology and Gastroenterology
    • Non-invasive diagnosis and follow-up of chronic infection with Hepatitis C Virus [2022]
  • PLoS ONE
    • The Undiagnosed Chronically-Infected HCV Population in France. Implications for Expanded Testing Recommendations in 2014 [2015]
• Germany
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Elimination of hepatitis C virus in Germany: modelling the cost-effectiveness of HCV screening strategies [2019]
• High-income countries
  • World Journal of Hepatology
    • Comparison of hepatitis C virus testing recommendations in high-income countries [2018]
• International
  • BioMed Research International
    • Performance of HCV Antigen Testing for the Diagnosis and Monitoring of Antiviral Treatment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2022]
  • BMJ Open
    • Cost-effectiveness of screening for hepatitis C virus: a systematic review of economic evaluations [2016]
  • Lancet Gastroenterology and Hepatology
    • Impact of hepatitis C virus point-of-care RNA viral load testing compared with laboratory-based testing on uptake of RNA testing and treatment, and turnaround times: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2023]
• Ireland
  • Department of Health Ireland
    • Hepatitis C Screening [2020]
  • Health Information and Quality Authority
    • HTA of birth cohort testing for hepatitis C [2024]
    • Another Step Toward Hepatitis C Elimination: An Economic Evaluation of an Irish National Birth Cohort Testing Program [2022]
• Italy
  • Digestive and Liver Disease
    • Milestones to reach Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) elimination in Italy: From free-of-charge screening to regional roadmaps for an HCV-free nation [2022]
• Low and middle income countries
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Economic evaluation of HCV testing approaches in low and middle income countries [2017]
• Mexico
  • PLoS ONE
    • Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Different Testing Strategies that Use Antibody Levels to Detect Chronic Hepatitis C in Blood Donors [2016]
• Middle East, North Africa
  • Hepatology Communications
    • Who to Test for Hepatitis C Virus in the Middle East and North Africa?: Pooled Analyses of 2,500 Prevalence Measures, Including 49 Million Tests [2019]
• Poland
  • BMJ Open
    • What affects response rates in primary healthcare-based programmes? An analysis of individual and unit-related factors associated with increased odds of non-response based on HCV screening in the general population in Poland [2016]
• Russia
  • PLoS ONE
    • Streamlining the screening cascade for active Hepatitis C in Russia: A cost-effectiveness analysis [2019]
• Rwanda
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Risk factors for viral hepatitis C infection in Rwanda: results from a nationwide screening program [2019]
• Switzerland
  • PLoS ONE
    • Characteristics of Foreign-Born Persons in the Swiss Hepatitis C Cohort Study: Implications for Screening Recommendations [2016]
• Taiwan
  • BMC Public Health
    • Gender differences in risk exposures for acute hepatitis C infection in Taiwan: a nationwide case-control study [2023]
• Turkey
  • Turkish Journal of Gastroenterology
    • Modeling the Health Economic Burden of Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Turkey: Cost-Effectiveness of Targeted Screening [2023]
• United Kingdom
  • Clinical Infectious Diseases
    • The Effectiveness of Low Dead Space Syringes for Reducing the Risk of Hepatitis C Virus Acquisition Among People Who Inject Drugs: Findings From a National Survey in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland [2022]
  • EuroSurveillance
    • A comparison of two biological markers of recent hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection: implications for the monitoring of interventions and strategies to reduce HCV transmission among people who inject drugs [2018]
  • Public Health England
    • Hepatitis C: interventions for case-finding and linkage to care
  • Royal College of Pathologists
    • Screening for hepatitis C infection [2017]
• United States
  • Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
    • Screening for Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Adolescents and Adults: A Systematic Review Update for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force [2020]
    • Screening for Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Adults - Comparative Effectiveness Review Summary Guides for Clinicians [2013]
  • American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases
    • Testing, Evaluation, and Monitoring of Hepatitis C
  • American Journal of Public Health
    • Comparison of Current US Risk Strategy to Screen for Hepatitis C Virus With a Hypothetical Targeted Birth Cohort Strategy [2012]
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Updated Operational Guidance for Implementing CDC’s Recommendations on Testing for Hepatitis C Virus Infection [2023]
    • Testing and Clinical Management of Health Care Personnel Potentially Exposed to Hepatitis C Virus — CDC Guidance, United States, 2020 [2020]
    • CDC Recommendations for Hepatitis C Screening Among Adults — United States, 2020 [2020]
  • Hepatic Medicine : Evidence and Research
    • Ending hepatitis C in the United States: the role of screening [2014]
  • Hepatitis C Online
    • Screening and Diagnosis of Hepatitis C Infection
  • JAMA Network Open
    • Cost-effectiveness of Universal and Targeted Hepatitis C Virus Screening in the United States [2020]
  • Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology
    • Assessing the Effectiveness of Strategies in US Birth Cohort Screening for Hepatitis C Infection [2020]
  • Seminars in Dialysis
    • Hepatitis C Virus Screening and Management of Seroconversions in Hemodialysis Facilities [2013]
  • U.S. Preventive Services Task Force
    • Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Adolescents and Adults: Screening [2020]
• WHO
  • World Health Organization
    • Recommendations and guidance on hepatitis C virus self-testing [2021]
    • Collaborative study to evaluate the proposed 4th WHO international standards for Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) for Nucleic Acid Amplification Technology (NAT)-Based Assays [2011]
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Hepatitis C

Hepatitis C: treatment

• Albania
  • Virology Journal
    • Treatment and follow up of children with chronic hepatitis C in Albania [2012]
• Asia-Pacific
  • Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver
    • APASL clinical practice recommendation: how to treat HCV-infected patients with renal impairment? [2019]
    • APASL HCV guidelines of virus-eradicated patients by DAA on how to monitor HCC occurrence and HBV reactivation [2019]
    • APASL consensus statements and recommendation on treatment of hepatitis C [2016]
  • Journal of Virus Eradication
    • The hepatitis C treatment revolution: how to avoid Asia missing out [2015]
• Australia
  • Australian Family Physician
    • A practical overview of the treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus infection [2016]
  • Australian Journal of General Practice
    • Hepatitis C direct-acting antiviral treatment completion: Comparison of geographic, demographic and clinical characteristics in Australia [2023]
    • Treating chronic hepatitis C in general practice [2021]
    • Insights into the management of chronic hepatitis C [2018]
  • Australian Prescriber
    • Treating hepatitis C – what’s new? [2015]
  • BMC Gastroenterology
    • Hepatitis C treatment outcomes for Australian First Nations Peoples: equivalent SVR rate but higher rates of loss to follow-up [2022]
  • ClinicoEconomics and Outcomes Research
    • The cost of successful antiviral therapy in hepatitis C patients: a comparison of IFN-free versus IFN-based regimens at an individual patient level in Australia [2017]
  • Drug and Alcohol Review
    • Alcohol does not impact chronic hepatitis C treatment outcomes but increases risk for progressive liver disease: Findings from a prospective multicentre Australian study (OPERA-C) [2024]
  • Hepatology Communications
    • Increasing national trend of direct-acting antiviral discontinuation among people treated for HCV 2016-2021 [2023]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Hepatitis C treatment strategies in prisons: A cost-effectiveness analysis [2021]
• Australia, New Zealand
  • Australasian Hepatology Association
    • The Australasian Hepatology Association consensus guidelines for the provision of adherence support to patients with hepatitis C on direct acting antivirals [2016]
  • Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists
    • Treating hepatitis C [2022]
• Brazil
  • BMC Public Health
    • The Brazilian comprehensive response to hepatitis C: from strategic thinking to access to interferon-free therapy [2016]
  • Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases
    • National Brazilian survey on the outcomes of hepatitis c retreatment in patients non-responders to direct antiviral agents [2022]
    • Effectiveness of chronic hepatitis C treatment with direct-acting antivirals in the Public Health System in Brazil [2018]
  • Ciência & Saúde Coletiva
    • Public procurement of hepatitis C medicines in Brazil from 2005 to 2015 [2017]
  • Cost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation
    • Cost-effectiveness analysis of treatment with peginterferon-alfa-2a versus peginterferon-alfa-2b for patients with chronic hepatitis C under the public payer perspective in Brazil [2013]
  • Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical
    • Cost-utility analysis of interferon-free treatments for patients with early-stage genotype 1 hepatitis C virus in Brazil [2020]
• Canada
  • Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health
    • Direct-Acting Antivirals for Pediatric Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection [2023]
    • Holkira (Ombitasvir/Paritaprevir/ Ritonavir with Dasabuvir) and Harvoni (Ledipasvir/Sofosbuvir) for Chronic Hepatitis C: A Review of the Clinical Evidence [2015]
    • Triple Therapy for Hepatitis C in Previous Non-responders: A Review of the Clinical Effectiveness and Safety [2014]
    • Treatments for Patients with Genotype 1 Chronic Hepatitis C: A Review of Evidence-based Guidelines [2014]
    • Interferon-free Regimens for Genotype 1 Chronic Hepatitis C: A Review of the Clinical Evidence and Cost-Effectiveness [2014]
  • Canadian Association for the Study of the Liver
    • The management of chronic hepatitis C: 2018 guideline update from the Canadian Association for the Study of the Liver [2018]
    • An update on the management of chronic hepatitis C: 2015 Consensus guidelines from the Canadian Association for the Study of the Liver [2015]
  • Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology
    • Transitioning to highly effective therapies for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus infection: A policy statement and implementation guideline [2014]
  • CanHepC - Canadian Network on Hepatitis C
    • Reversing immune dysfunction and liver damage after direct-acting antiviral treatment for hepatitis C [2018]
    • Remaining clinical issues in hepatitis C treatment [2018]
    • Can we afford not to screen and treat hepatitis C virus infection in Canada? [2018]
    • Restrictions for reimbursement of direct-acting antiviral treatment for hepatitis C virus infection in Canada: a descriptive study [2016]
  • CMAJ Open
    • Drug therapies for chronic hepatitis C infection: a cost-effectiveness analysis [2017]
  • JAMA Network Open
    • Assessment of Treatment Strategies to Achieve Hepatitis C Elimination in Canada Using a Validated Model [2020]
  • Journal of Viral Hepatitis
    • Mixed-Genotype HCV Direct Acting Antiviral Outcomes: A CANUHC Analysis [2024]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Are Interferon-Free Direct-Acting Antivirals for the Treatment of HCV Enough to Control the Epidemic among People Who Inject Drugs? [2015]
  • Public Health Agency of Canada
    • Hepatitis C treatment trends in Canada
• China
  • BMJ Global Health
    • Cost-effectiveness of new antiviral treatments for non-genotype 1 hepatitis C virus infection in China: a societal perspective [2020]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Economic Evaluation of Hepatitis C Treatment Extension to Acute Infection and Early-Stage Fibrosis Among Patients Who Inject Drugs in Developing Countries: A Case of China [2020]
  • Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology
    • Direct-acting Antiviral Regimens for Patients with Chronic Infection of Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 3 in China [2021]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Will Sofosbuvir/Ledipasvir (Harvoni) Be Cost-Effective and Affordable for Chinese Patients Infected with Hepatitis C Virus? An Economic Analysis Using Real-World Data [2016]
  • World Journal of Gastroenterology
    • Current treatment of chronic hepatitis C in China: Dilemma and potential problems [2016]
• Colombia
  • Pharmacology Research & Perspectives
    • Evaluating the centralized purchasing policy for the treatment of hepatitis C: The Colombian CASE [2019]
• Egypt
  • Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics
    • Economic burden of hepatitis C in Egypt: the future impact of highly effective therapies [2015]
• Europe
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Are there national strategies, plans and guidelines for the treatment of hepatitis C in people who inject drugs? A survey of 33 European countries [2014]
    • A systematic review of Hepatitis C virus treatment uptake among people who inject drugs in the European Region [2014]
  • BMC Public Health
    • Offering HCV treatment to prisoners is an important opportunity: key principles based on policy and practice assessment in Europe [2019]
  • European Association for the Study of the Liver
    • EASL position paper on clinical follow-up after HCV cure [2024]
    • EASL recommendations on treatment of hepatitis C: Final update of the series [2020]
    • EASL Recommendations on Treatment of Hepatitis C 2018 [2018]
    • Advances in the Treatment of Hepatitis C Virus Infection From EASL 2015 [2015]
  • Frontiers in Pharmacology
    • Introduction and Utilization of High Priced HCV Medicines across Europe; Implications for the Future [2016]
  • Harm Reduction Journal
    • Changes to the national strategies, plans and guidelines for the treatment of hepatitis C in people who inject drugs between 2013 and 2016: a cross-sectional survey of 34 European countries [2019]
  • Liver International
    • The impact of direct acting antivirals on hepatitis C virus disease burden and associated costs in four european countries [2021]
• France
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Rapid and large-scale implementation of HCV treatment advances in France, 2007–2015 [2017]
• Germany
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Cost-effectiveness of Interferon-free therapy for Hepatitis C in Germany - an application of the efficiency frontier approach [2015]
  • BMJ Open Gastroenterology
    • Economic study of the value of expanding HCV treatment capacity in Germany [2017]
  • Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care
    • Glecaprevir/pibrentasvir (chronic hepatitis C in adolescents) - Benefit assessment according to §35a Social Code Book V [2019]
    • Elbasvir/grazoprevir (chronic hepatitis C) - Benefit assessment according to §35a Social Code Book V [2017]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Direct-Acting Antiviral Agents for Occupational Hepatitis C Infections in Germany [2020]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Cost-effectiveness of sofosbuvir in hepatitis C genotype 1 infection in Germany: A reanalysis of published results [2020]
    • Cost-Effectiveness of Treating Hepatitis C with Sofosbuvir/Ledipasvir in Germany [2017]
    • Outcomes and Costs of Treating Hepatitis C Patients in the Era of First Generation Protease Inhibitors – Results from the PAN Study [2016]
  • Visceral Medicine
    • The New Era of Interferon-Free Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis C [2015]
• Iceland
  • Clinical Infectious Diseases
    • High Rate of Hepatitis C Virus Reinfection Among Recently Injecting Drug Users: Results From the TraP Hep C Program-A Prospective Nationwide, Population-Based Study [2022]
  • International Journal of Drug Policy
    • Predictors of treatment outcomes for Hepatitis C infection in a nationwide elimination program in Iceland: The treatment as prevention for Hepatitis C (TraP HepC) study [2024]
• India
  • Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology
    • Indian National Association for Study of the Liver (INASL) Guidance for Antiviral Therapy Against HCV Infection in 2015 [2015]
• International
  • Autoimmune Diseases
    • International therapeutic guidelines for patients with HCV-related extrahepatic disorders. A multidisciplinary expert statement [2017]
  • Ciência & Saúde Coletiva
    • Factors associated with hepatitis C treatment adherence: an integrative review [2022]
  • Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics
    • Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC) Guidelines for IFNL3 (IL28B) Genotype and PEG Interferon-a–Based Regimens [2014]
  • EClinicalMedicine
    • Pangenotypic direct acting antivirals for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus infection: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis [2020]
  • European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition
    • ESPGHAN recommendations on treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus infection in adolescents and children including those living in resource-limited settings [2024]
  • Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics
    • Safety and efficacy of sofosbuvir-based medication regimens with and without ribavirin in hepatitis C patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2022]
  • PLoS Medicine
    • Prices, Costs, and Affordability of New Medicines for Hepatitis C in 30 Countries: An Economic Analysis [2016]
  • Scientific Reports
    • Global prevalence of pre-existing HCV variants resistant to direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs): mining the GenBank HCV genome data [2016]
• Israel
  • Health Care Management Science
    • Country versus pharmaceutical company interests for hepatitis C treatment [2022]
• Italy
  • ClinicoEconomics and Outcomes Research
    • Optimizing choice of oral interferon-free treatment for genotype 1 hepatitis C virus using testing for NS5A resistance: a cost-utility analysis from the perspective of the Italian National Health Service [2017]
    • Financial and feasibility implications of the treatment of hepatitis C virus in Italy: scenarios and perspectives [2016]
  • Digestive and Liver Disease
    • Triple therapy with first-generation Protease Inhibitors for patients with genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C: Recommendations of the Italian Association for the Study of the Liver (AISF) [2013]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Drug–Drug Interactions in Italian Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C Treated with Pangenotypic Direct Acting Agents: Insights from a Real-World Study [2021]
  • Journal of Viral Hepatitis
    • Long-Term Effects of Direct-Acting Antivirals on Hepatitis C: Trends in Liver Disease-Related Hospitalisations in Italy [2025]
• Japan
  • Drug Design, Development and Therapy
    • Regional differences in hepatitis C treatment with peginterferon and ribavirin in Japan: a retrospective cohort study [2016]
  • Journal of Gastroenterology
    • Treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus infection in Japan: update on therapy and guidelines [2013]
  • Scientific Reports
    • Response to antiviral therapy for chronic hepatitis C and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma occurrence in Japan: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies [2023]
  • Viruses
    • HCV Drug Resistance Challenges in Japan: The Role of Pre-Existing Variants and Emerging Resistant Strains in Direct Acting Antiviral Therapy [2015]
  • World Journal of Hepatology
    • Natural interferon-beta treatment for patients with chronic hepatitis C in Japan [2015]
• Low and middle income countries
  • Clinical Infectious Diseases
    • Retreatment of Chronic Hepatitis C Infection: Real-World Regimens and Outcomes From National Treatment Programs in Three Low- and Middle-Income Countries [2022]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Hepatitis C Reinfection in People Who Inject Drugs in Resource-Limited Countries: A Systematic Review and Analysis [2020]
  • World Health Organization
    • Progress report on access to hepatitis C treatment: focus on overcoming barriers in low- and middle-income countries [2018]
• Netherlands
  • European Journal of Internal Medicine
    • Hepatitis C Elimination in the Netherlands (CELINE): How nationwide retrieval of lost to follow-up hepatitis C patients contributes to micro-elimination [2022]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Limited Generalizability of Registration Trials in Hepatitis C: A Nationwide Cohort Study [2016]
• Norway
  • BMJ Open
    • On the path towards universal coverage of hepatitis C treatment among people receiving opioid agonist therapy (OAT) in Norway: a prospective cohort study from 2013 to 2017 [2020]
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Treatment uptake among notified cases of hepatitis C virus infection in Norway, 1990 to 2022: a registry-based study to monitor progress towards elimination [2024]
• Pakistan
  • Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine
    • Effect of interferon plus ribavirin therapy on hepatitis C virus genotype 3 patients from Pakistan: Treatment response, side effects and future prospective [2015]
  • BMJ Open
    • Treatment as prevention for hepatitis C virus in Pakistan: mathematical modelling projections [2019]
• Poland
  • Clinical and Experimental Hepatology
    • Recommendations of the Polish Group of Experts for HCV for the treatment of hepatitis C in 2020 [2020]
    • Recommendations for the treatment of hepatitis C in 2017 [2017]
    • Efficacy of HCV treatment in Poland at the turn of the interferon era – the EpiTer study [2016]
  • Przeglad Epidemiologiczny - Epidemiological Review
    • Recommendations for the treatment of hepatitis C Polish group of HCV Experts--2015 [2015]
    • Standards of hepatitis C treatment. Recommendations of Polish Group of Experts--2014 [2014]
• Republic of Korea
  • Clinical and Molecular Hepatology
    • Recent update of the 2017 Korean Association for the Study of the Liver (KASL) treatment guidelines of chronic hepatitis C: comparison of guidelines from other continents, 2017 AASLD/IDSA and 2016 EASL [2018]
  • Korean Association for the Study of the Liver
    • 2017 KASL clinical practice guidelines management of hepatitis C: Treatment of chronic hepatitis C [2018]
• Spain
  • Health Policy
    • The merry-go-round of approval, pricing and reimbursement of drugs against the Hepatitis C virus infection in Spain - Health Policy [2016]
• Sub-Saharan Africa
  • BMC Health Services Research
    • Cost-utility analysis of four WHO-recommended sofosbuvir-based regimens for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C in sub-Saharan Africa [2022]
• Sweden
  • Infectious Diseases
    • Treatment of hepatitis C virus infection for adults and children: Updated Swedish consensus recommendations [2015]
• Switzerland
  • PLoS ONE
    • Drug Pricing Evolution in Hepatitis C [2016]
    • Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Sofosbuvir Compared to Current Standard Treatment in Swiss Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C [2015]
  • Swiss Medical Weekly
    • Real-life experience of chronic hepatitis C treatment in Switzerland: a retrospective analysis [2024]
    • Hepatitis C virus elimination in Swiss opioid agonist therapy programmes – the SAMMSU cohort [2021]
• Taiwan
  • Hepatology International
    • An algorithm for simplified hepatitis C virus treatment with non-specialist care based on nation-wide data from Taiwan [2024]
    • Effectiveness and safety of 8-week glecaprevir/pibrentasvir in HCV treatment-naïve patients with compensated cirrhosis: real-world experience from Taiwan nationwide HCV registry [2023]
  • Journal of the Formosan Medical Association
    • Ledipasvir/sofosbuvir for HCV genotype 1, 2, 4-6 infection: Real-world evidence from a nationwide registry in Taiwan [2022]
    • 2020 Taiwan consensus statement on the management of hepatitis C: part (I) general population [2020]
    • 2020 Taiwan consensus statement on the management of hepatitis C: Part (II) special populations [2020]
  • Medicine
    • Huge Gap Between Clinical Efficacy and Community Effectiveness in the Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis C [2015]
• Thailand
  • BMC Gastroenterology
    • Economic evaluation of pegylated interferon plus ribavirin for treatment of chronic hepatitis C in Thailand: genotype 1 and 6 [2016]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Estimating the Impact of Expanding Treatment Coverage and Allocation Strategies for Chronic Hepatitis C in a Direct Antiviral Agent Era [2016]
• Turkey
  • Balkan Medical Journal
    • Evaluation of Dual Therapy in Real Life Setting in Treatment-Naïve Turkish Patients with HCV Infection: A Multicenter, Retrospective Study [2016]
  • Turkish Journal of Gastroenterology
    • Efficacy and Safety of Direct-Acting Antivirals in Elderly Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C: A Nationwide Real-Life, Observational, Multicenter Study from Turkey [2022]
    • Recommendation for treatment of hepatitis C virus infection [2017]
• United Kingdom
  • Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics
    • 2014 UK consensus guidelines – hepatitis C management and direct-acting anti-viral therapy [2014]
  • Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency
    • Direct-acting antivirals to treat chronic hepatitis C: risk of interaction with vitamin K antagonists and changes in INR [2017]
    • Direct-acting antiviral interferon-free regimens to treat chronic hepatitis C: risk of hepatitis B reactivation [2017]
  • National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
    • Sofosbuvir–velpatasvir–voxilaprevir for treating chronic hepatitis C [2018]
    • Glecaprevir–pibrentasvir for treating chronic hepatitis C [2018]
    • Sofosbuvir–velpatasvir for treating chronic hepatitis C [2017]
    • Elbasvir–grazoprevir for treating chronic hepatitis C [2016]
    • Sofosbuvir for treating chronic hepatitis C [2015]
    • Ombitasvir–paritaprevir–ritonavir with or without dasabuvir for treating chronic hepatitis C [2015]
    • Ledipasvir–sofosbuvir for treating chronic hepatitis C [2015]
    • Peginterferon alfa and ribavirin for treating chronic hepatitis C in children and young people [2013]
    • Peginterferon alfa and ribavirin for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C [2010]
  • NHS England
    • Antivirals for adults with recent onset (acute) hepatitis C [2019]
    • Treatment of chronic Hepatitis C in patients with cirrhosis [2015]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Assessing the Long-Term Impact of Treating Hepatitis C Virus (HCV)-Infected People Who Inject Drugs in the UK and the Relationship between Treatment Uptake and Efficacy on Future Infections [2015]
• United States
  • Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
    • Treatment for Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Adults [2012]
    • Comparative Effectiveness of Treatments for Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Adults [2012]
  • American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases
    • An Update on Treatment of Genotype 1 Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection: 2011 Practice Guideline by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases [2011]
    • Retreatment of Persons in Whom Prior Therapy Failed
    • Initial Treatment of HCV Infection
  • American College of Physicians
    • World Health Organization Guidelines on Treatment of Hepatitis C Virus Infection: Best Practice Advice From the American College of Physicians [2021]
  • American Gastroenterological Association
    • AGA Clinical Practice Update on Interaction Between Oral Direct-Acting Antivirals for Chronic Hepatitis C Infection and Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Expert Review [2020]
    • American Gastroenterological Association Institute Clinical Practice Update—Expert Review: Care of Patients Who Have Achieved a Sustained Virologic Response After Antiviral Therapy for Chronic Hepatitis C Infection [2017]
  • American Journal of Managed Care
    • Costs and Spillover Effects of Private Insurers’ Coverage of Hepatitis C Treatment [2016]
    • Accessing the Cure: Helping Patients With Hepatitis C Overcome Barriers to Care [2016]
  • BMC Gastroenterology
    • Cost-effectiveness of sofosbuvir-based treatments for chronic hepatitis C in the US [2015]
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Vital Signs: Hepatitis C Treatment Among Insured Adults — United States, 2019–2020 [2022]
    • Too Few People Treated for Hepatitis C
  • Hepatitis C Online
    • Treatment of Key Populations and Unique Situations
    • Treatment of Hepatitis C Infection
    • Medications to Treat HCV
    • Evaluation and Preparation for Hepatitis C Treatment
  • Infectious Agents and Cancer
    • Price and affordability of direct-acting antiviral regimens for hepatitis C virus in the United States [2016]
  • Infectious Diseases and Therapy
    • Desirable Characteristics of Hepatitis C Treatment Regimens: A Review of What We Have and What We Need [2016]
  • JAMA Network Open
    • Medicaid Expansion and Restriction Policies for Hepatitis C Treatment [2024]
  • Journal of Managed Care & Specialty Pharmacy
    • Cost-effectiveness of direct-acting antivirals for chronic hepatitis C virus in the United States from a payer perspective [2022]
  • Liver International
    • HCV Council – critical appraisal of data: recommendations for clinical practice in a rapidly evolving therapeutic landscape [2015]
  • Open Forum Infectious Diseases
    • The Effect of Shorter Treatment Regimens for Hepatitis C on Population Health and Under Fixed Budgets [2018]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Disparities in the quality of care for chronic hepatitis C among Medicare beneficiaries [2022]
    • The Treatment Cascade for Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection in the United States: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2014]
• Western countries
  • International Journal of Drug Policy
    • Interventions to increase linkage to care and adherence to treatment for hepatitis C among people who inject drugs: A systematic review and practical considerations from an expert panel consultation [2022]
  • Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy
    • Future destinations and social inclusion scoping review: how people cured of hepatitis C (HCV) using direct- acting antiviral drugs progress in a new HCV-free world [2022]
• WHO
  • World Health Organization
    • Updated recommendations on treatment of adolescents and children with chronic HCV infection [2022]
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Hepatitis C

Hepatitis D

• Asia-Pacific
  • World Journal of Gastroenterology
    • Hepatitis D: Scenario in the Asia-Pacific region [2010]
• Australia
  • Australian Journal of General Practice
    • Management of hepatitis D in general practice [2023]
• Austria
  • United European Gastroenterology Journal
    • Hepatitis D virus (HDV) prevalence in Austria is low but causes considerable morbidity due to fast progression to cirrhosis [2021]
• Canada
  • JHEP Reports
    • Molecular epidemiology and clinical characteristics of hepatitis D virus infection in Canada [2022]
  • Public Health Agency of Canada
    • Hepatitis D Virus
• Europe
  • European Association for the Study of the Liver
    • EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines on hepatitis delta virus [2023]
• International
  • Current Gastroenterology Reports
    • Hepatitis Delta: Epidemiology, Diagnosis and Management 36 Years After Discovery [2014]
  • Gut Pathogens
    • Hepatitis D: challenges in the estimation of true prevalence and laboratory diagnosis [2021]
  • Journal of Hepatology
    • The global prevalence of hepatitis D virus infection: systematic review and meta-analysis [2020]
  • Viruses
    • A Review of HDV Infection [2022]
  • World Journal of Gastroenterology
    • Chronic hepatitis delta: A state-of-the-art review and new therapies [2019]
  • World Journal of Hepatology
    • Hepatitis delta virus: Making the point from virus isolation up to 2014 [2015]
• Kyrgyzstan
  • Viruses
    • Global Distribution and Natural Recombination of Hepatitis D Virus: Implication of Kyrgyzstan Emerging HDVs in the Clinical Outcomes [2022]
• Libya
  • Pan African Medical Journal
    • The epidemiological characterization and geographic distribution of hepatitis D virus infection in Libya [2020]
• Nigeria
  • Viruses
    • The Prevalence and Molecular Epidemiology of Hepatitis Delta Virus in Nigeria: The Results of a Nationwide Study [2024]
    • Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Clinical Profiles of Hepatitis D Virus in Nigeria: A Systematic Review, 2009-2024 [2024]
• North Africa
  • Scientific World Journal
    • The Epidemiology of Hepatitis D Virus in North Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2018]
• Qatar
  • Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal
    • Seroprevalence and clinical outcome of hepatitis D infection in Qatar [2022]
• Romania
  • Viruses
    • Unveiling Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Outcomes of Hepatitis D Among Vulnerable Communities in Romania [2024]
• Slovakia
  • Viruses
    • Is Slovakia Almost a Hepatitis D Free Country? [2023]
• South America
  • Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical
    • Hepatitis Delta Prevalence in South America: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2019]
• Taiwan
  • Pathogens
    • The Prevalence and Serological Association of Hepatitis D Virus Genotypes in Taiwan [2021]
• Turkey
  • Turkish Journal of Gastroenterology
    • Diagnosis, management and treatment of hepatitis delta virus infection: Turkey 2017 Clinical Practice Guidelines [2017]
• United Kingdom
  • National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
    • Bulevirtide for treating chronic hepatitis D [2023]
  • UK Health Security Agency
    • Hepatitis D national surveillance report: 2010 to 2020 (data up to end of 2020) [2023]
• United States
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Hepatitis D Basics
• WHO
  • World Health Organization
    • Hepatitis D: Fact sheet
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Hepatitis

Hepatitis E

• Africa
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • A systematic review of the epidemiology of hepatitis E virus in Africa [2014]
• Americas
  • PLoS ONE
    • Seroprevalence of hepatitis E virus infection in the Americas: Estimates from a systematic review and meta-analysis [2022]
• Australia
  • NSW Health
    • Hepatitis E control guideline
  • Pathology
    • Hepatitis E virus: do locally acquired infections in Australia necessitate laboratory testing in acute hepatitis patients with no overseas travel history? [2015]
  • Western Pacific Surveillance and Response Journal
    • Hepatitis E in a food handler – a rapid risk assessment to guide the public health response [2014]
• Austria
  • PLoS ONE
    • Hepatitis E Virus Seroprevalence in Austrian Adults: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study among Civilians and Military Professionals [2014]
• Belgium
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Epidemiology and genotype 3 subtype dynamics of hepatitis E virus in Belgium, 2010 to 2017 [2019]
• Brazil
  • Animals
    • Systematic Review of Hepatitis E Virus in Brazil: A One-Health Approach of the Human-Animal-Environment Triad [2021]
  • Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical
    • Hepatitis E virus infection in Brazil: results of laboratory-based surveillance from 1998 to 2013 [2015]
• Canada
  • Government of Alberta
    • Alberta public health disease management guidelines : hepatitis E
  • Public Health Agency of Canada
    • Hepatitis E virus
• Central African Republic
  • Emerging Infectious Diseases
    • Imported Hepatitis E Virus, Central African Republic, 2011 [2013]
    • Hepatitis E, Central African Republic [2008]
• China
  • Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
    • Health economic evaluation of immunization strategies of hepatitis E vaccine for elderly population [2017]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Acute, Recent and Past HEV Infection among Voluntary Blood Donors in China: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2016]
    • Epidemiology of Hepatitis E Virus in China: Results from the Third National Viral Hepatitis Prevalence Survey, 2005–2006 [2014]
  • Virology Journal
    • Current knowledge on the epidemiology and detection methods of hepatitis E virus in China [2024]
• Croatia
  • Pathogens
    • Hepatitis E Virus in Croatia in the “One-Health” Context [2021]
  • World Journal of Gastroenterology
    • Insights into hepatitis E virus epidemiology in Croatia [2022]
• Cuba
  • Emerging Infectious Diseases
    • Hepatitis E Virus Genotype 1, Cuba [2008]
• Developing countries
  • Viruses
    • Transmission of Hepatitis E Virus in Developing Countries [2016]
• Europe
  • European Association for the Study of the Liver
    • Screening of blood donations for hepatitis E virus (HEV) [2019]
    • EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines on hepatitis E virus infection [2018]
  • European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control
    • Options for national testing and surveillance for hepatitis E virus in the EU/EEA - Operational guidance [2019]
    • Hepatitis E in the EU/EEA, 2005-2015 [2017]
    • Hepatitis E
  • European Medicines Agency
    • Viral safety of plasma-derived medicinal products with respect to hepatitis E virus - Scientific guideline
  • European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition
    • Hepatitis E in Children: A Position Paper by the ESPGHAN Hepatology Committee [2016]
  • European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
    • Global vaccination against hepatitis E virus: position paper from the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Viral Hepatitis Study Group [2025]
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Hepatitis E virus infection in Europe: surveillance and descriptive epidemiology of confirmed cases, 2005 to 2015 [2017]
    • Hepatitis E and blood donation safety in selected European countries: a shift to screening? [2017]
  • International Journal of Molecular Sciences
    • Epidemiology of Hepatitis E Virus in European Countries [2015]
  • Journal of Clinical Virology
    • Hepatitis E virus: Assessment of the epidemiological situation in humans in Europe, 2014/15 [2016]
  • Transfusion Medicine and Hemotherapy
    • Blood Donor Screening for Hepatitis E Virus in the European Union [2019]
  • Viruses
    • The Re-Emergence of Hepatitis E Virus in Europe and Vaccine Development [2023]
    • Hepatitis E Seroprevalence in Europe: A Meta-Analysis [2016]
• Germany
  • Deutsches Ärzteblatt International
    • Hepatitis E in Germany—an Under-Reported Infectious Disease [2014]
  • Emerging Microbes & Infections
    • Molecular epidemiology and genotype-specific disease severity of hepatitis E virus infections in Germany, 2010-2019 [2022]
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Hepatitis E virus infections in German blood donors: results of 8 years of screening, 2015 to 2022 [2024]
    • Case-control study on risk factors for acute hepatitis E in Germany, 2012 to 2014 [2018]
    • Hepatitis E in blood donors: investigation of the natural course of asymptomatic infection, Germany, 2011 [2016]
• Germany, Portugal
  • Journal of Viral Hepatitis
    • Evaluating the prevalence of Hepatitis E virus infection in a large cohort of European blood donors, 2015-2018 [2022]
• Ghana
  • Infectious Diseases of Poverty
    • Hepatitis E infection among Ghanaians: a systematic review [2017]
• International
  • BMC Public Health
    • Systematic review of global hepatitis E outbreaks to inform response and coordination initiatives [2023]
  • Food and Environmental Virology
    • Hepatitis E Virus in Water Environments: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis [2022]
  • Journal of Infection
    • Global temporal trends and projections of acute hepatitis E incidence among women of childbearing age: Age-period-cohort analysis 2021 [2024]
  • Liver International
    • The global epidemiology of hepatitis E virus infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2020]
  • Pathogens
    • Hepatitis E Virus Infection: Circulation, Molecular Epidemiology, and Impact on Global Health [2020]
  • PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
    • Hepatitis E should be considered a neglected tropical disease [2019]
  • Viruses
    • Hepatitis E Virus Infections: Epidemiology, Genetic Diversity, and Clinical Considerations [2023]
  • World Journal of Gastroenterology
    • Hepatitis E virus: Epidemiology, diagnosis, clinical manifestations, and treatment [2020]
    • Hepatitis E: Discovery, global impact, control and cure [2016]
  • World Journal of Virology
    • Hepatitis E virus infection: Epidemiology and treatment implications [2015]
• Iran
  • World Journal of Gastroenterology
    • Epidemiology of hepatitis E virus in Iran [2016]
• Ireland
  • Health Protection Surveillance Centre
    • Hepatitis E
• Israel
  • Emerging Infectious Diseases
    • Prevalence of Hepatitis E Virus Antibodies, Israel, 2009–2010 [2015]
  • World Journal of Gastroenterology
    • Hepatitis E in Israel: A nation-wide retrospective study [2016]
• Italy
  • BMJ Open
    • Epidemiology of HEV in the Mediterranean basin: 10-year prevalence in Italy [2015]
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Prevalence and risk factors for hepatitis E virus infection in blood donors: a nationwide survey in Italy, 2017 to 2019 [2022]
    • Hepatitis E in Italy: 5 years of national epidemiological, virological and environmental surveillance, 2012 to 2016 [2018]
  • Journal of Infection and Public Health
    • Hepatitis E in Italy: A silent presence [2017]
• Latin America
  • Annals of Hepatology
    • Hepatitis E in Latin America [2019]
  • World Journal of Gastroenterology
    • Hepatitis E virus: An ancient hidden enemy in Latin America [2016]
• Latin America and the Caribbean
  • Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública
    • Challenges in research and management of hepatitis E virus infection in Cuba, Mexico, and Uruguay [2018]
• Low and middle income countries
  • Open Forum Infectious Diseases
    • Setting a Course for Preventing Hepatitis E in Low and Lower-Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review of Burden and Risk Factors [2021]
• Malawi
  • Emerging Infectious Diseases
    • Seroprevalence for Hepatitis E and Other Viral Hepatitides among Diverse Populations, Malawi [2015]
• Middle East
  • Medicina
    • Seroprevalence of Hepatitis E Virus Infection in Middle Eastern Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2022]
• Middle East, North Africa
  • Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
    • The burden of Hepatitis E virus in the Middle East and North Africa region: a systematic review [2022]
• Namibia
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Notes from the Field: Nationwide Hepatitis E Outbreak Concentrated in Informal Settlements — Namibia, 2017–2020 [2020]
• Netherlands
  • PLoS ONE
    • Hepatitis E virus seroprevalence and determinants in various study populations in the Netherlands [2018]
    • Hepatitis E prevalence in a sexual high-risk population compared to the general population [2018]
  • Transfusion
    • Past and present of hepatitis E in the Netherlands [2014]
• Pacific Islands
  • Emerging Infectious Diseases
    • Hepatitis E Virus Infection, Papua New Guinea, Fiji, and Kiribati, 2003–2005 [2014]
• Republic of Korea
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) Seroprevalence in the general population of the Republic of Korea in 2007-2009: a nationwide cross-sectional study [2014]
  • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
    • A Survey on the Status of Hepatitis E Virus Infection Among Slaughterhouse Workers in South Korea [2015]
• Russia
  • Viruses
    • Geographic and Temporal Variability of Hepatitis E Virus Circulation in the Russian Federation [2022]
• South-East Asia
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Systematic review and meta-analysis of hepatitis E seroprevalence in Southeast Asia: a comprehensive assessment of epidemiological patterns [2024]
  • Virulence
    • A systematic review of the epidemiology of Hepatitis E virus infection in South – Eastern Asia [2021]
• South-Eastern Europe
  • World Journal of Gastroenterology
    • Epidemiology of hepatitis E in South-East Europe in the "One Health" concept [2019]
• Spain
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Increasing trends in hepatitis E hospitalisations in Spain, 1997 to 2019 [2024]
    • Hepatitis E virus genotype 3 microbiological surveillance by the Spanish Reference Laboratory: geographic distribution and phylogenetic analysis of subtypes from 2009 to 2019 [2022]
  • Sociedad Española de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica
    • Executive summary: Consensus document of the diagnosis, management and prevention of infection with the hepatitis E virus: Study Group for Viral Hepatitis (GEHEP) of the Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC) [2020]
• Sub-Saharan Africa
  • One Health
    • Hepatitis E in Sub Saharan Africa – A significant emerging disease [2020]
• Switzerland
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Current hepatitis E virus seroprevalence in Swiss blood donors and apparent decline from 1997 to 2016 [2018]
  • Viruses
    • Prevalence of Acute Hepatitis E Virus Infections in Swiss Blood Donors 2018-2020 [2024]
• United Kingdom
  • Department of Health and Social Care
    • Protecting patients from getting hepatitis E through transfusion or transplantation
  • Epidemiology & Infection
    • Hepatitis E virus in England and Wales: indigenous infection is associated with the consumption of processed pork products [2014]
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Hepatitis E virus in blood donors in England, 2016 to 2017: from selective to universal screening [2019]
    • Hepatitis E virus (HEV) in Scotland: evidence of recent increase in viral circulation in humans [2018]
  • Journal of Infectious Diseases
    • Epidemiology of Hepatitis E in England and Wales: A 10-Year Retrospective Surveillance Study, 2008-2017 [2019]
  • Public Health England
    • Hepatitis E: symptoms, transmission, prevention, treatment
    • Hepatitis E: health protection response to reports of infection
    • Hepatitis E: guidance, data and analysis
  • Public Health Scotland
    • Annual summary of Hepatitis E infections
  • Royal College of Pathologists
    • Screening and monitoring for hepatitis E infection [2018]
• United States
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Hepatitis E Basics
  • Journal of Infectious Diseases
    • Decline in Hepatitis E Virus Antibody Prevalence in the United States From 1988–1994 to 2009–2010 [2014]
• WHO
  • World Health Organization
    • Hepatitis E virus: background document for the WHO guidelines for drinking-water quality and the WHO guidelines on sanitation and health [2025]
    • Recommendations to assure the quality, safety and efficacy of recombinant Hepatitis E vaccines, Annex 2, TRS No 1016 [2019]
    • Collaborative study to establish a World Health Organization international standard for Hepatitis E virus RNA for Nucleic Acid Amplification Technology (NAT)-Based Assays [2011]
    • The global prevalence of hepatitis E virus infection and susceptibility: a systematic review [2010]
    • Hepatitis E: Fact sheet
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Hepatitis

Hepatitis G

• Burkina Faso
  • Mediterranean Journal of Hematology and Infectious Diseases
    • Screening of Hepatitis G and Epstein-Barr Viruses Among Voluntary non Remunerated Blood Donors (VNRBD) in Burkina Faso, West Africa [2013]
• China
  • BMC Public Health
    • Prevalence of hepatitis G virus infection among 67,348 blood donors in mainland China [2019]
• Iran
  • International Journal of Preventive Medicine
    • Hepatitis G virus exposure in dialysis patients and blood donors in Isfahan-Iran [2014]
• Saudi Arabia
  • Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
    • Hepatitis G virus in Saudi blood donors and chronic hepatitis B and C patients [2014]
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Hepatitis

Hepatitis: epidemiology

• Africa
  • Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine
    • Hepatitis B and C virus infection among healthcare workers in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2021]
  • Journal of Infection and Public Health
    • Epidemiology of occult hepatitis B and C in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2022]
  • PLoS ONE
    • The prevalence and associated factors of hepatitis B and C virus in hemodialysis patients in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2021]
  • WHO African Region
    • Viral Hepatitis Scorecard 2021: African Region [2022]
• Americas
  • Pan American Health Organization
    • Protocol to estimate mortality from cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma attributable to viral hepatitis B and C [2021]
• Asia
  • Pathogens
    • The Dual Burden of Hepatitis B and C Among Drug Users in Asia: The First Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2025]
  • Viruses
    • Burden and Trends of Acute Viral Hepatitis in Asia from 1990 to 2019 [2022]
• Brazil
  • Cadernos de Saúde Pública
    • Methodology of a nationwide cross-sectional survey of prevalence and epidemiological patterns of hepatitis A, B and C infection in Brazil [2010]
  • Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia
    • Hepatitis mortality in Brazil and regions, 2001-2020: temporal trend and spatial analysis [2023]
  • Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical
    • Incidence of viral hepatitis in Brazil from 2009 to 2018: an epidemiological study of confirmed cases of viral hepatitis [2020]
• Canada
  • Public Health Agency of Canada
    • Report on Hepatitis B and C in Canada: 2014 [2017]
• China
  • Biomedical and Environmental Sciences
    • Burden of Cirrhosis and Other Chronic Liver Diseases Caused by Specific Etiologies in China, 1990-2016: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016 [2020]
  • BMC Public Health
    • Viral hepatitis in China during 2002-2021: epidemiology and influence factors through a country-level modeling study [2024]
    • Burden of viral hepatitis caused by specific aetiologies in China, 1990–2016: findings from the GBD 2016 [2020]
  • BMJ Open
    • Changing incidence of reported viral hepatitis in China from 2004 to 2016: an observational study [2019]
  • China CDC Weekly
    • Burden of Acute Viral Hepatitis — China, 1990-2019 [2020]
  • Emerging Infectious Diseases
    • Changing Epidemiology of Hepatitis A and Hepatitis E Viruses in China, 1990–2014 [2017]
  • Frontiers in Medicine
    • Secular Trends of Acute Viral Hepatitis Incidence and Mortality in China, 1990 to 2019 and Its Prediction to 2030: The Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 [2022]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Spatio-Temporal Epidemiology of Viral Hepatitis in China (2003–2015): Implications for Prevention and Control Policies [2018]
  • International Journal of Infectious Diseases
    • Trends in the disease burden of HBV and HCV infection in China from 1990-2019 [2022]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Deep learning time series prediction models in surveillance data of hepatitis incidence in China [2022]
• Congo-Brazzaville
  • BMC Research Notes
    • Epidemiology of viral hepatitis in the Republic of Congo: review [2017]
• Czech Republic
  • BMC Public Health
    • Epidemiology of hepatitis B and C among risk groups in Czechia [2025]
• Egypt
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Evidence of sustained reductions in the relative risk of acute hepatitis B and C virus infections, and the increasing burden of hepatitis a virus infection in Egypt: comparison of sentinel acute viral hepatitis surveillance results, 2001–17 [2019]
• Ethiopia
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Hepatitis viruses in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2016]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Seroprevalence of viral hepatitis B and C infections among healthcare workers in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2024]
    • Prevalence and factors associated with hepatitis B and C virus infections among female Sex workers in Ethiopia: Results of the national biobehavioral Survey, 2020 [2022]
• Europe
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Hepatitis B/C in the countries of the EU/EEA: a systematic review of the prevalence among at-risk groups [2018]
    • Infection with hepatitis B and C virus in Europe: a systematic review of prevalence and cost-effectiveness of screening [2013]
  • European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control
    • Monitoring of the responses to the hepatitis B and C epidemics in EU/EEA countries, 2023 [2024]
    • Monitoring of responses to the hepatitis B and C epidemics in EU/EEA countries – 2020 data [2022]
    • Monitoring the responses to hepatitis B and C epidemics in the EU/EEA Member States, 2019 [2020]
    • Hepatitis B and C epidemiology in selected population groups in the EU/EEA [2018]
    • EU/EEA capacity for the surveillance of hepatitis B and C using molecular methods [2018]
    • Systematic review on hepatitis B and C prevalence in the EU/EEA [2016]
    • Epidemiological assessment of hepatitis B and C among migrants in the EU/EEA [2016]
  • European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
    • Acute severe hepatitis outbreak in children: A perfect storm. What do we know, and what questions remain? [2022]
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Hepatitis of unknown aetiology in children – epidemiological overview of cases reported in Europe, 1 January to 16 June 2022 [2022]
    • Case numbers of acute hepatitis of unknown aetiology among children in 24 countries up to 18 April 2022 compared to the previous 5 years [2022]
    • Hepatitis B and C prevalence and incidence in key population groups with multiple risk factors in the EU/EEA: a systematic review [2019]
    • Hepatitis B and C surveillance and screening programmes in the non-EU/EEA Member States of the WHO European Region: survey findings from 10 countries, 2012 [2016]
    • Survey of surveillance systems and select prevention activities for hepatitis B and C, European Union/European Economic Area, 2009 [2015]
    • Surveillance and epidemiology of hepatitis B and C in Europe - a review [2008]
  • Lancet Public Health
    • Hepatitis B and C in Europe: an update from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 [2023]
• Georgia
  • Public Health
    • The burden and epidemiology of hepatitis B and hepatitis D in Georgia: findings from the national seroprevalence survey [2020]
• Germany
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • Estimated number of people infected with hepatitis B and C virus in Germany in 2013: a baseline prevalence estimate using the workbook method [2025]
    • Prevalence of Hepatitis B, C, and D in Germany: Results From a Scoping Review [2020]
  • PLoS ONE
    • The epidemiology of Hepatitis B, C and D in Germany: A scoping review [2020]
• Haiti
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • Prevalence of hepatitis B, C, and D virus infection in Haiti: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2023]
• Hong Kong
  • Centre for Health Protection
    • Surveillance of Viral Hepatitis in Hong Kong - 2017 Update Report [2018]
• India
  • Cureus
    • Prevalence of Hepatitis B and C Among Prison Inmates in India: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2021]
• International
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Sero-prevalence of hepatitis viral infections among sanitary workers across worldwide: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2023]
  • European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control
    • Increase in severe acute hepatitis cases of unknown aetiology in children [2022]
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • Update on the global burden of acute viral hepatitis in 2021: addressing health inequalities [2025]
  • Healthcare
    • Hepatitis of Unknown Origin and Etiology (Acute Non HepA-E Hepatitis) among Children in 2021/2022: Review of the Current Findings [2022]
  • Hepatology
    • World-wide relative contribution of hepatitis B and C viruses in hepatocellular carcinoma [2015]
  • Journal of Hepatology
    • Global burden of acute viral hepatitis and its association with socioeconomic development status, 1990–2019 [2021]
  • Lancet
    • The global burden of viral hepatitis from 1990 to 2013: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 [2016]
  • Lancet Gastroenterology and Hepatology
    • Worldwide prevalence of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus among patients with cirrhosis at country, region, and global levels: a systematic review [2022]
  • World Journal of Gastroenterology
    • Hepatitis B virus/hepatitis D virus epidemiology: Changes over time and possible future influence of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic [2021]
• Iran
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Prevalence of and risk factors for HBV and HCV among incarcerated people who inject drugs in Iran: A cross sectional study [2020]
  • Pathogens
    • Prevalence of Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C Infections among Incarcerated Individuals in Iran: A Cross-Sectional National Bio-behavioral Study in 2019 [2021]
• Ireland
  • Health Protection Surveillance Centre
    • Hepatitis
• Italy
  • Healthcare
    • Chronic Viral Hepatitis in the Italian Prison Setting: Prevalence, Outcomes, Literature Needs and Perspectives [2021]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Differences in Incidence of Acute Viral Hepatitis between Foreigners and Autochthonous Population in Italy [2021]
  • Public Health
    • Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Italian national viral hepatitis surveillance: an interrupted time series analysis, 2006-2022 [2024]
  • World Journal of Gastroenterology
    • Mortality associated with hepatitis C and hepatitis B virus infection: A nationwide study on multiple causes of death data [2017]
• Japan
  • Emerging Infectious Diseases
    • National Surveillance of Pediatric Acute Hepatitis of Unknown Etiology, Japan, October 2021-December 2022 [2023]
  • Lancet Regional Health – Western Pacific
    • Burden of chronic hepatitis B and C infections in 2015 and future trends in Japan: A simulation study [2022]
• Kazakhstan
  • Infection and Drug Resistance
    • Epidemiological Characteristics of Chronic Viral Hepatitis in Kazakhstan: Data from Unified Nationwide Electronic Healthcare System 2014-2019 [2022]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Seroprevalence and risk factors for hepatitis B and hepatitis C in three large regions of Kazakhstan [2021]
  • Scientific World Journal
    • Prevalence of Viral Hepatitis B, C, and D in Kazakhstan [2022]
• Laos
  • PLoS ONE
    • Prevalence of hepatitis B and C virus infections in Lao People's Democratic Republic: The first national population-based cross-sectional survey [2022]
• Latin America and the Caribbean
  • Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira
    • Fulminant acute hepatitis in pediatrics in Latin America and the Caribbean [2019]
• Libya
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Prevalence of hepatitis B and hepatitis C infection in Libya: results from a national population based survey [2014]
• Malawi
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • Epidemiology of hepatitis B, C and D in Malawi: systematic review [2018]
• Malaysia
  • Scientific Reports
    • Seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infection among Malaysian population [2020]
• Mongolia
  • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
    • Hepatitis B, C, and D Virus Infections and AFP Tumor Marker Prevalence Among the Elderly Population in Mongolia: A Nationwide Survey [2022]
• Montenegro
  • PLoS ONE
    • Factors associated with the prevalence of viral hepatitis B and C among prisoners: Results of two consecutive national surveys in Montenegro [2025]
• Peru
  • PLoS ONE
    • Seroepidemiology of hepatitis A, B, C, D and E virus infections in the general population of Peru: A cross-sectional study [2020]
• Qatar
  • Scientific Reports
    • Prevalence of hepatitis B and C viruses among migrant workers in Qatar [2024]
• Republic of Korea
  • Clinical and Molecular Hepatology
    • Core indicators related to the elimination of hepatitis B and C virus infection in South Korea: A nationwide study [2023]
  • Infection & Chemotherapy
    • Epidemiological and Clinical History of Viral Hepatitis in Korea [2021]
• Saudi Arabia
  • BMC Public Health
    • Seroprevalence of hepatitis B and C virus infections among health students and health care workers in the Najran region, southwestern Saudi Arabia: The need for national guidelines for health students [2014]
  • Saudi Journal of Gastroenterology
    • Epidemiology of Viral Hepatitis in Saudi Arabia: Are We Off the Hook? [2012]
• Sierra Leone
  • Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
    • Prevalence of viral hepatitis B and C in Sierra Leone—current knowledge and knowledge gaps: a narrative review [2021]
• Somalia
  • World Journal of Gastroenterology
    • Epidemiology of viral hepatitis in Somalia: Systematic review and meta-analysis study [2018]
• Southern Europe
  • BMC Public Health
    • Impact of the 2008 economic crisis on the burden of hepatitis B and C diseases in Southern European countries [2024]
• Sweden
  • EuroSurveillance
    • Transmission of viral hepatitis through blood transfusion in Sweden, 1968 to 2012 [2020]
• Taiwan
  • Scientific Reports
    • Changing epidemiology and viral interplay of hepatitis B, C and D among injecting drug user-dominant prisoners in Taiwan [2021]
• Togo
  • PLoS ONE
    • Prevalence of hepatitis B and C among female sex workers in Togo, West Africa [2022]
• United Kingdom
  • UK Health Security Agency
    • Hepatitis: increase in acute cases of unknown aetiology in children
    • Enhanced surveillance of childhood cases of hepatitis B and C in England
• United States
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Trends in Acute Hepatitis of Unspecified Etiology and Adenovirus Stool Testing Results in Children — United States, 2017–2022 [2022]
    • Viral Hepatitis Surveillance Reports
    • Viral Hepatitis / FastStats
• Venezuela
  • BMC Infectious Diseases
    • A time-series analysis of morbidity and mortality of viral hepatitis in Venezuela, 1990-2016 [2023]
• Vietnam
  • JGH Open
    • Prevalence of hepatitis B and C virus infections in hemodialysis patients in Vietnam: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2020]
  • Lancet Regional Health – Western Pacific
    • Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B, C and D in Vietnam: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2022]
• WHO
  • World Health Organization
    • Global hepatitis report 2024: action for access in low- and middle-income countries [2024]
    • Global clinical data platform for severe acute hepatitis of unknown aetiology in children case report form (CRF) [2022]
    • Criteria for validation of elimination of viral hepatitis B and C: report of 7 country pilots [2022]
    • Consolidated strategic information guidelines for viral hepatitis: planning and tracking progress towards elimination [2019]
    • Global hepatitis report, 2017 [2017]
• WHO Western Pacific Region
  • WHO Western Pacific Region
    • Regional hepatitis data
• Zimbabwe
  • Infectious Diseases
    • Prevalence and trends of hepatitis B and C virus biomarkers in Zimbabwe: comparative analyses of a nation's blood-donor surveillance data and meta-analyses of population studies [2024]
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Hepatitis C: epidemiology
    • Hepatitis B: epidemiology
    • Hepatitis A: epidemiology
    • Hepatitis