Obstetrics, gynecology and reproductive medicine guidelines

Obesity, eating disorders

Guidelines, reviews, statements, recommendations, standards

 

Anorexia nervosa

• Australia
  • Department of Health Australia
    • Anorexia nervosa: Australian treatment guide for consumers and carers [2005]
• Brazil
  • Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira
    • Zinc supplementation in the treatment of anorexia nervosa [2013]
• Canada
  • Canadian Family Physician
    • Anorexia nervosa requiring admission in adolescents [2019]
  • Canadian Paediatric Society
    • Family-based treatment of children and adolescents with anorexia nervosa: Guidelines for the community physician [2018]
    • Determining treatment goal weights for children and adolescents with anorexia nervosa [2018]
  • Journal of Eating Disorders
    • Perspectives of Canadian fitness professionals on exercise and possible anorexia nervosa [2015]
• Europe
  • European Society for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
    • ESCAP Expert Paper: New developments in the diagnosis and treatment of adolescent anorexia nervosa—a European perspective [2015]
• France
  • Haute Autorité de Santé
    • Anorexia Nervosa: management [2010]
• Germany
  • Journal of Clinical Medicine
    • Treatment of Anorexia Nervosa—New Evidence-Based Guidelines [2019]
• Japan
  • Biopsychosocial Medicine
    • Epidemiology of anorexia nervosa in Japanese adolescents [2015]
• United Kingdom
  • Royal College of Psychiatrists
    • MARSIPAN: Management of Really Sick Patients with Anorexia Nervosa (2nd edn) [2014]
    • Junior MARSIPAN: Management of Really Sick Patients under 18 with Anorexia Nervosa [2012]
• United Kingdom, Ireland
  • BMJ Open
    • Incidence of anorexia nervosa in young people in the UK and Ireland: a national surveillance study [2019]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Eating disorders
    • Amenorrhea

Binge eating

• Latin America
  • Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria
    • A review of Latin American studies on binge eating disorder [2011]
• Sweden
  • BMC Psychiatry
    • Treatment-seeking patients with binge-eating disorder in the Swedish national registers: clinical course and psychiatric comorbidity [2016]
  • Swedish Council on Technology Assessment in Health Care
    • Treatment for binge eating disorder [2016]
• United States of America
  • Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
    • Treating Binge-Eating Disorder [2016]
    • Management and Outcomes of Binge-Eating Disorder in Adults: Current State of the Evidence [2016]
    • Management and Outcomes of Binge-Eating Disorder [2015]
  • Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment
    • Novel pharmacologic treatment in acute binge eating disorder – role of lisdexamfetamine [2016]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Eating disorders

Bulimia nervosa

• International
  • Adolescent Health, Medicine and Therapeutics
    • Bulimia nervosa in adolescents: prevalence and treatment challenges [2018]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Eating disorders

Eating disorders

• Asia
  • Journal of Eating Disorders
    • The rise of eating disorders in Asia: a review [2015]
• Australia
  • Australian Family Physician
    • Early detection of eating disorders in general practice [2017]
  • Department of Health Australia
    • What is an eating disorder? [2007]
  • Journal of Eating Disorders
    • Development of the “Recovery from Eating Disorders for Life” Food Guide (REAL Food Guide) - a food pyramid for adults with an eating disorder [2018]
    • Prevalence and sociodemographic correlates of DSM-5 eating disorders in the Australian population [2015]
• Australia, New Zealand
  • Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists
    • Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of eating disorders [2014]
• Canada
  • CMAJ Open
    • Cost evaluation of out-of-country care for patients with eating disorders in Ontario: a population-based study [2016]
  • Journal of Eating Disorders
    • Canadian practice guidelines for the treatment of children and adolescents with eating disorders [2020]
• International
  • BMC Medicine
    • The classification of feeding and eating disorders in the ICD-11: results of a field study comparing proposed ICD-11 guidelines with existing ICD-10 guidelines [2019]
  • Current Opinion in Psychiatry
    • Evidence-based clinical guidelines for eating disorders: international comparison [2017]
  • Journal of Eating Disorders
    • Feeding and eating disorders in the DSM-5 era: a systematic review of prevalence rates in non-clinical male and female samples [2017]
  • World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry
    • World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry (WFSBP) Guidelines for the Pharmacological Treatment of Eating Disorders [2011]
• Ireland
  • Ireland's Health Services
    • Eating Disorder Services [2018]
• Malta
  • Psychiatria Danubina
    • Dar Kenn Ghal Sahhtek'--an eating disorder and obesity service in Malta [2015]
    • Eating disorders in Malta [2013]
• New Zealand
  • Starship
    • Eating Disorders - management of [2019]
• Pakistan
  • Journal of Pakistan Medical Association
    • Detection of eating disorders in 16-20 year old female students - perspective from Islamabad, Pakistan [2014]
• United Kingdom
  • BMJ Open
    • Epidemiology of eating disorders in primary care in children and young people: a Clinical Practice Research Datalink study in England [2019]
  • Faculty of Sexual & Reproductive Healthcare
    • FSRH CEU Statement: Contraception for Women with Eating Disorders [2018]
  • National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
    • Eating disorders [2018]
    • Eating disorders: recognition and treatment [2017]
    • Eating disorders (Topic)
  • NHS England
    • Adult Eating Disorders: Community, Inpatient and Intensive Day Patient Care – Guidance for commissioners and providers [2019]
  • Public Health England
    • PACAC inquiry into eating disorders: government response
• United States of America
  • American Academy of Pediatrics
    • Identification and Management of Eating Disorders in Children and Adolescents [2010]
  • American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
    • Gynecologic Care for Adolescents and Young Women With Eating Disorders [2018]
  • American Family Physician
    • Initial Evaluation, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa [2015]
  • American Psychiatric Association
    • Practice guideline for the treatment of patients with eating disorders [2012]
  • Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine
    • Addressing Nutritional Disorders in Adolescents [2018]
    • Position Paper of the Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine: Medical Management of Restrictive Eating Disorders in Adolescents and Young Adults [2015]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Bulimia nervosa
    • Binge eating
    • Anorexia nervosa
    • Amenorrhea

Obesity in children and adolescents

• Asia
  • Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition
    • Childhood obesity in Asia: the value of accurate body composition methodology [2014]
• Australia
  • Public Health Research and Practice
    • Aboriginal childhood overweight and obesity: the need for Aboriginal designed and led initiatives [2019]
    • Codesign of the Population Health Information Management System to measure reach and practice change of childhood obesity programs [2018]
• Canada
  • Canadian Paediatric Society
    • Promoting Optimal Monitoring of Child Growth in Canada: Using the New WHO Growth Charts [2018]
  • Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care
    • Recommendations for growth monitoring, and prevention and management of overweight and obesity in children and youth in primary care [2015]
  • Paediatrics & Child Health
    • Canadian Pediatric Endocrine Group extension to WHO growth charts: Why bother? [2013]
• China
  • PLoS ONE
    • Body Mass Index Is Better than Other Anthropometric Indices for Identifying Dyslipidemia in Chinese Children with Obesity [2016]
• Europe
  • European Association for the Study of Obesity
    • Childhood Obesity Is a Chronic Disease Demanding Specific Health Care - a Position Statement from the Childhood Obesity Task Force (COTF) of the European Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO) [2015]
  • European Commission - Public Health
    • EU Action Plan on Childhood Obesity 2014-2020 [2014]
    • An EU-wide overview of community based initiatives (CBI's) to reduce childhood obesity [2012]
  • European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition
    • World Health Organization 2006 child growth standards and 2007 growth reference charts: A discussion paper by the committee on Nutrition of the ESPGHAN [2013]
  • WHO Regional Office for Europe
    • Mapping the health system response to childhood obesity in the WHO European Region. An overview and country perspectives (2019) [2019]
• India
  • Indian Academy of Pediatrics
    • Revised Indian Academy of Pediatrics 2015 growth charts for height, weight and body mass index for 5–18-year-old Indian children [2015]
• Italy
  • Italian Journal of Pediatrics
    • Diagnosis, treatment and prevention of pediatric obesity: consensus position statement of the Italian Society for Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology and the Italian Society of Pediatrics [2018]
• Mexico
  • Nutrición Hospitalaria
    • Accuracy of body mass index for age to diagnose obesity in Mexican schoolchildren [2015]
• Middle East, North Africa
  • Advances in Pediatric Research
    • A systematic review of childhood obesity in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region: Health impact and management [2017]
  • BMC Pediatrics
    • Early childhood obesity: a survey of knowledge and practices of physicians from the Middle East and North Africa [2017]
• Netherlands
  • BMC Health Services Research
    • Health care providers’ perceived barriers to and need for the implementation of a national integrated health care standard on childhood obesity in the Netherlands – a mixed methods approach [2016]
• New Zealand
  • Ministry of Health New Zealand
    • Clinical Guidelines for Weight Management in New Zealand Children and Young People [2016]
• Republic of Korea
  • Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
    • Clinical Practice Guideline for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Pediatric Obesity: Recommendations from the Committee on Pediatric Obesity of the Korean Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition [2019]
• United Kingdom
  • BMC Public Health
    • The views of young children in the UK about obesity, body size, shape and weight: a systematic review [2011]
  • Department of Health and Social Care
    • Childhood obesity: government response
    • Childhood obesity: a plan for action, chapter 2
    • Childhood obesity: a plan for action
  • Health Technology Assessment
    • The use of measures of obesity in childhood for predicting obesity and the development of obesity-related diseases in adulthood: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2015]
  • National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
    • Managing overweight and obesity among children and young people: lifestyle weight management services [2013]
  • Public Health England
    • National child measurement programme
    • Child weight management: short conversations with families
    • Child weight management: commission and provide services
• United States of America
  • American Academy of Pediatrics
    • Stigma Experienced by Children and Adolescents With Obesity [2017]
  • American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
    • Obesity in Adolescents [2017]
  • American Heart Association
    • Severe Obesity in Children and Adolescents: Identification, Associated Health Risks, and Treatment Approaches [2013]
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • CDC Grand Rounds: Childhood Obesity in the United States [2011]
    • Childhood Overweight and Obesity
  • Childhood Obesity
    • Children's Hospital Association Consensus Statements for Comorbidities of Childhood Obesity [2014]
  • Endocrine Society
    • Pediatric Obesity—Assessment, Treatment, and Prevention: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline [2017]
  • Frontiers in Pediatrics
    • Referrals and Management Strategies for Pediatric Obesity—DocStyles Survey 2017 [2018]
• WHO
  • World Health Organization
    • Report of the Commission on Ending Childhood Obesity: implementation plan: report by the Secretariat [2017]
    • Report of the Commission on Ending Childhood Obesity: implementation plan: executive summary [2017]
    • Report of the Commission on Ending Childhood Obesity [2016]
    • Consideration of the evidence on childhood obesity for the Commission on Ending Childhood Obesity: report of the ad hoc working group on science and evidence for ending childhood obesity, Geneva, Switzerland [2016]
    • Childhood overweight and obesity
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Obesity, weight loss
    • Obesity in children and adolescents: prevention, treatment
    • Obesity in children and adolescents: epidemiology
    • Obesity in children and adolescents: diet, nutrition, physical activity

Obesity in children and adolescents: diet, nutrition, physical activity

• Australia
  • Department of Health Australia
    • Get Up & Grow: Healthy Eating and Physical Activity for Early Childhood - Staff/Carers Book [2013]
• Canada
  • Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism
    • The effectiveness of voluntary policies and commitments in restricting unhealthy food marketing to Canadian children on food company websites [2018]
  • BMC Public Health
    • Proportion of preschool-aged children meeting the Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines and associations with adiposity: results from the Canadian Health Measures Survey [2017]
  • Canadian Family Physician
    • Calls for restricting the marketing of unhealthy foods to children ignored by policy makers [2014]
  • Canadian Paediatric Society
    • School nutrition: Support for providing healthy food and beverage choices in schools [2020]
    • A proposal to increase taxes on sugar-sweetened beverages in Canada [2020]
    • Dieting in adolescence [2018]
    • Energy and sports drinks in children and adolescents [2017]
    • Healthy active living: Physical activity guidelines for children and adolescents [2012]
  • Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology
    • Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for the Early Years (0–4 years): An Integration of Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviour, and Sleep [2017]
    • Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for Children and Youth: An Integration of Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviour, and Sleep [2016]
    • Canadian Sedentary Behaviour Guidelines for the Early Years (aged 0–4 years) [2012]
    • Canadian Physical Activity Guidelines for the Early Years (aged 0–4 years) [2012]
    • Canadian Sedentary Behaviour Guidelines for Children and Youth [2011]
  • Health Canada
    • Children and Healthy Eating
  • International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity
    • Changes to the school food and physical activity environment after guideline implementation in British Columbia, Canada [2014]
  • Paediatrics & Child Health
    • Increasing Canadian paediatricians’ awareness and use of the new Canadian Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour Guidelines for ages 0 to 17 years [2017]
• China
  • Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition
    • Limitations of studies on school-based nutrition education interventions for obesity in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2016]
  • BMC Public Health
    • Physical activity, screen viewing time, and overweight/obesity among Chinese children and adolescents: an update from the 2017 physical activity and fitness in China—the youth study [2019]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Time Trends in Fast Food Consumption and Its Association with Obesity among Children in China [2016]
• Cuba
  • MEDICC Review
    • Fitness vs. obesity in Cuban children: battling the biases of gender and geography [2010]
• Czech Republic
  • Advances in Nutrition
    • From an Inactive and Obese to a Fit Child: How Long Is the Way? Czech Experiences [2011]
• Developed countries
  • Advances in Nutrition
    • Use of Dietary Indexes among Children in Developed Countries [2011]
• Europe
  • European Academy of Paediatrics
    • Consumption of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages in Paediatric Age: A Position Paper of the European Academy of Paediatrics and the European Childhood Obesity Group [2019]
  • European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition
    • Role of Dietary Factors and Food Habits in the Development of Childhood Obesity: A Commentary by the ESPGHAN Committee on Nutrition [2011]
  • International Journal of Exercise Science
    • Physical Activity and Physical Fitness in Pediatric Obesity: What are the First Steps for Clinicians? Expert Conclusion from the 2016 ECOG Workshop [2017]
  • Nutrition Bulletin
    • Comprehensive mapping of national school food policies across the European Union plus Norway and Switzerland [2014]
  • WHO Regional Office for Europe
    • Ending inappropriate promotion of commercially available complementary foods for infants and young children between 6 and 36 months in Europe (2019) [2019]
    • WHO European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative: health-risk behaviours on nutrition and physical activity in 6–9-year-old schoolchildren [2015]
    • Marketing of foods high in fat, salt and sugar to children: update 2012-2013 [2013]
    • An analysis of national approaches to promoting physical activity and sports in children and adolescents [2009]
    • Addressing the socioeconomic determinants of healthy eating habits and physical activity levels among adolescents [2006]
    • Growing through adolescence : a training pack based on a Health Promoting School approach to healthy eating [2005]
• India
  • Indian Academy of Pediatrics
    • Indian Academy of Pediatrics Guidelines on the Fast and Junk Foods, Sugar Sweetened Beverages, Fruit Juices, and Energy Drinks [2019]
• International
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • A Review of Nutritional Guidelines and Menu Compositions for School Feeding Programs in 12 Countries [2015]
  • Journal of Exercise Science and Fitness
    • Policies for promotion of physical activity and prevention of obesity in adolescence [2016]
  • Nutrients
    • Current Recommendations for Nutritional Management of Overweight and Obesity in Children and Adolescents: A Structured Framework [2019]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Correlates of Total Sedentary Time and Screen Time in 9–11 Year-Old Children around the World: The International Study of Childhood Obesity, Lifestyle and the Environment [2015]
• Iran
  • Iranian Journal of Pediatrics
    • Regional Disparities in Sedentary Behaviors and Meal Frequency in Iranian Adolescents: The CASPIAN-III Study [2015]
• Latin America
  • BMC Pediatrics
    • Anthropometry, dietary intake, physical activity and sitting time patterns in adolescents aged 15-17 years: an international comparison in eight Latin American countries [2020]
  • Obesity Reviews
    • Nutrition status of children in Latin America [2017]
• Malta
  • BMC Public Health
    • Physical activity, screen time and obesity status in a nationally representative sample of Maltese youth with international comparisons [2014]
• Mexico
  • Nutrición Hospitalaria
    • Review of complementary feeding practices in Mexican children [2014]
  • Salud Pública de México
    • Interventions to increase physical activity and healthy eating among overweight and obese children in Mexico [2013]
• New Zealand
  • Ministry of Health New Zealand
    • Sit Less, Move More, Sleep Well: Active play guidelines for under-fives [2017]
    • Food and Nutrition Guidelines for Healthy Children and Young People (Aged 2–18 years): A background paper [2015]
• Peru
  • American Journal of Public Health
    • Impact of Food Assistance Programs on Obesity in Mothers and Children: A Prospective Cohort Study in Peru [2016]
• Poland
  • Archives of Medical Science : AMS
    • Assessment of selected nutrient intake by Polish preschool children compared to dietary recommendations: a meta-analysis [2020]
• Republic of Korea
  • Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition
    • Nutritional standards for energy-dense low-nutrient density foods for children in Korea [2014]
  • Nutrition Research and Practice
    • Relationship between adhering to dietary guidelines and the risk of obesity in Korean children [2014]
• South Asia
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Diet and Physical Activity Interventions to Prevent or Treat Obesity in South Asian Children and Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2015]
• Sweden
  • Swedish Council on Technology Assessment in Health Care
    • Dietary treatment of obesity [2013]
• Turkey
  • WHO Regional Office for Europe
    • Monitoring Food Marketing to Children in Turkey (2018) [2018]
• United Kingdom
  • International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity
    • Characterisation of UK diets according to degree of food processing and associations with socio-demographics and obesity: cross-sectional analysis of UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey (2008–12) [2015]
  • Public Health England
    • Childhood obesity: applying All Our Health
  • Scottish Government
    • Growing up in Scotland: overweight, obesity and activity [2012]
    • Healthy Eating in Schools: A Guide to Implementing the Nutritional Requirements for Food and Drink in Schools (Scotland) Regulations 2008 [2008]
• United States of America
  • Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics
    • Pediatric Weight Management
  • American Academy of Pediatrics
    • Physical Activity Assessment and Counseling in Pediatric Clinical Settings [2020]
    • The Use of Nonnutritive Sweeteners in Children [2019]
    • Public Policies to Reduce Sugary Drink Consumption in Children and Adolescents [2019]
    • Snacks, Sweetened Beverages, Added Sugars, and Schools [2015]
    • Sports Drinks and Energy Drinks for Children and Adolescents: Are They Appropriate? [2011]
  • American Heart Association
    • Promoting Physical Activity in Children and Youth: A Leadership Role for Schools [2006]
  • American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
    • Executive summary: evaluating the evidence base to support the inclusion of infants and children from birth to 24 mo of age in the Dietary Guidelines for Americans—“the B-24 Project” [2014]
  • American Journal of Public Health
    • Reducing Childhood Obesity by Eliminating 100% Fruit Juice [2012]
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • School Health Guidelines to Promote Healthy Eating and Physical Activity [2011]
  • Childhood Obesity
    • iPhone App Adherence to Expert-Recommended Guidelines for Pediatric Obesity Prevention [2014]
    • States Lack Physical Activity Policies in Child Care That Are Consistent with National Recommendations [2014]
  • Society of Behavioral Medicine
    • Society of Behavioral Medicine (SBM) position statement: SBM supports retaining healthy school lunch policies [2015]
• Western Pacific
  • WHO Western Pacific Region
    • Protecting children from the harmful impact of food marketing [2019]
• WHO
  • World Health Organization
    • Guideline: implementing effective actions for improving adolescent nutrition [2018]
    • Global nutrition targets 2025: childhood overweight policy brief [2014]
    • Nutrition in adolescence - Issues and Challenges for the Health Sector [2005]
    • Reducing consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages to reduce the risk of childhood overweight and obesity
    • Limiting portion sizes to reduce the risk of childhood overweight and obesity
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Obesity: diet, nutrition, physical activity
    • Obesity in children and adolescents

Obesity in children and adolescents: epidemiology

• Africa
  • Bulletin of the World Health Organization
    • Body mass index vs deuterium dilution method for establishing childhood obesity prevalence, Ghana, Kenya, Mauritius, Morocco, Namibia, Senegal, Tunisia and United Republic of Tanzania [2018]
• Arab countries
  • Nutrición Hospitalaria
    • Prevalence of overweight and obesity among adolescents in eight Arab countries: comparison between two international standards (ARABEAT-2) [2016]
• Australia
  • BMJ Open
    • Body composition: population epidemiology and concordance in Australian children aged 11–12 years and their parents [2019]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Trends in the Prevalence of Morbid and Severe Obesity in Australian Children Aged 7-15 Years, 1985-2012 [2016]
• Bahrain
  • Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences
    • Overweight and Obesity among Children (10-13 years) in Bahrain:A comparison between Two International Standards [2014]
• Bangladesh
  • BMC Public Health
    • Obesity and overweight in Bangladeshi children and adolescents: a scoping review [2014]
• Brazil
  • International Journal of Pediatrics
    • Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity in Children and Adolescents from the Age Range of 2 to 19 Years Old in Brazil [2014]
  • Sao Paulo Medical Journal
    • Prevalence of stunting and overweight/obesity among Brazilian children according to different epidemiological scenarios: systematic review and meta-analysis [2016]
• Cameroon
  • Journal of Obesity
    • Prevalence of Overweight, Obesity, and Thinness in Cameroon Urban Children and Adolescents [2013]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Prevalence and Risk Factors of Overweight and Obesity among Children Aged 6–59 Months in Cameroon: A Multistage, Stratified Cluster Sampling Nationwide Survey [2015]
• Canada
  • CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association Journal
    • Recent trends in the prevalence of overweight and obesity among Canadian children [2016]
  • Obesity
    • Body mass index trajectories from ages 1 to 20: Results from two nationally representative canadian longitudinal cohorts [2015]
  • Public Health Agency of Canada
    • Childhood overweight and obesity trends in Canada [2016]
  • Statistics Canada
    • Body mass index, overweight or obese, self reported, youth (12 to 17 years old) [2018]
• China
  • Biomedical and Environmental Sciences
    • Gender Differences in the Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity, Associated Behaviors, and Weight-related Perceptions in a National Survey of Primary School Children in China [2018]
    • A Scan of Obesogenic Environments and a Spatial Inference of Obesity Prevalence in Chinese Children and Adolescents: Based on the Chinese Health and Nutrition Survey 2011 Data [2018]
  • BMJ Open
    • 25-year trends in gender disparity for obesity and overweight by using WHO and IOTF definitions among Chinese school-aged children: a multiple cross-sectional study [2016]
  • Chinese Medical Journal
    • Epidemics of overweight and obesity among growing childhood in China between 1997 and 2009: Impact of Family Income, Dietary Intake, and Physical Activity Dynamics [2015]
  • Food & Nutrition Research
    • Prevalence of obesity among students aged 6 to 12 in China: a meta-analysis [2015]
  • Obesity
    • Secular trends of obesity prevalence in Chinese children from 1985 to 2010: Urban–rural disparity [2014]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Secular Trends of Obesity Prevalence in Urban Chinese Children from 1985 to 2010: Gender Disparity [2013]
  • Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management
    • Obesity detection rate among primary school students in the People’s Republic of China: a meta-analysis [2013]
• Cuba
  • MEDICC Review
    • Excess weight and adiposity in children and adolescents in Havana, Cuba: prevalence and trends, 1972 to 2005 [2010]
• Cyprus
  • Hormones
    • A systematic review and meta-analysis of weight status among adolescents in Cyprus: scrutinizing the data for the years 2000-2010 [2014]
• Czech Republic
  • BMC Public Health
    • Trends and correlates of overweight/obesity in Czech adolescents in relation to family socioeconomic status over a 12-year study period (2002–2014) [2018]
  • Central European Journal of Public Health
    • Trends in Overweight and Obesity in Czech Schoolchildren from 1998 to 2014 [2017]
  • European Journal of Public Health
    • Trends of overweight and obesity, physical activity and sedentary behaviour in Czech schoolchildren: HBSC study [2014]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Temporal Trends in Overweight and Obesity, Physical Activity and Screen Time among Czech Adolescents from 2002 to 2014: A National Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children Study [2015]
• Denmark
  • PLoS ONE
    • Trends in Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity in Danish Infants, Children and Adolescents – Are We Still on a Plateau? [2013]
• Developed countries
  • BMC Medicine
    • Unexpected plateauing of childhood obesity rates in developed countries [2014]
• Developing countries
  • Endocrine Reviews
    • Childhood Obesity in Developing Countries: Epidemiology, Determinants, and Prevention [2012]
• Europe
  • WHO Regional Office for Europe
    • Fact sheet - Severe obesity among children aged 6-9 years [2019]
    • WHO European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative: overweight and obesity among 6–9-year-old children. Report of the third round of data collection 2012–2013 (2018) [2018]
    • Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative (COSI) Factsheet. Highlights 2015-17 (2018) [2018]
    • 9th Meeting of the WHO European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative (COSI). Meeting Report (2016) [2016]
    • Prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents [2009]
• Europe, North America
  • European Journal of Public Health
    • Trends in overweight prevalence among 11-, 13- and 15-year-olds in 25 countries in Europe, Canada and USA from 2002 to 2010 [2015]
• Germany
  • BMC Public Health
    • Updated prevalence rates of overweight and obesity in 11- to 17-year-old adolescents in Germany. Results from the telephone-based KiGGS Wave 1 after correction for bias in self-reports [2015]
  • Obesity Facts
    • Changing Characteristics of Obese Children and Adolescents Entering Pediatric Lifestyle Intervention Programs in Germany over the Last 11 Years: An Adiposity Patients Registry Multicenter Analysis of 65,453 Children and Adolescents [2017]
• Germany, Austria
  • Journal of Diabetes Research
    • Overweight and Obesity Based on Four Reference Systems in 18,382 Paediatric Patients with Type 1 Diabetes from Germany and Austria [2015]
• Ghana
  • Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism
    • Childhood Obesity and Overweight in Ghana: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2020]
• Greece
  • Hormones
    • Ten-year obesity and overweight prevalence in Greek children: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 2001-2010 data [2013]
• India
  • Indian Journal of Medical Research
    • Epidemiology of childhood overweight & obesity in India: A systematic review [2016]
  • Indian Pediatrics
    • Overweight and Obesity among Adolescents, A Comparative Study Between Government and Private Schools [2015]
• Iran
  • Iranian Journal of Pediatrics
    • A Systematic Review on the Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity, in Iranian Children and Adolescents [2016]
  • Korean Journal of Pediatrics
    • Prevalence of Obesity and Overweight in Iranian Children under 5 Years: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis [2019]
• Ireland
  • BMC Public Health
    • School sociodemographic characteristics and obesity in schoolchildren: does the obesity definition matter? [2018]
    • Trends and prevalence of overweight and obesity in primary school aged children in the Republic of Ireland from 2002-2012: a systematic review [2014]
• Italy
  • Public Health Nutrition
    • Trends in overweight and obesity prevalence in Tuscan schoolchildren (2002–2012) [2015]
• Jordan
  • BMC Public Health
    • Prevalence of short stature, underweight, overweight, and obesity among school children in Jordan [2016]
• Mauritius
  • Globalization and Health
    • Prevalence of overweight, obesity and thinness in 9-10 year old children in Mauritius [2012]
• Peru
  • BMC Obesity
    • Early rapid weight gain and subsequent overweight and obesity in middle childhood in Peru [2016]
  • BMC Public Health
    • Geographic differences in overweight and obesity prevalence in Peruvian children, 2010–2015 [2018]
  • Revista Española de Salud Pública
    • Prevalence of Childhood Obesity by Sex and Regions in Peru, 2015 [2016]
  • Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública
    • Prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity and associated factors in Peru [2015]
• Puerto Rico
  • BMC Public Health
    • High prevalence of overweight and obesity among a representative sample of Puerto Rican children [2015]
• Republic of Korea
  • BMC Public Health
    • Trends in childhood obesity and central adiposity between 1998-2001 and 2010-2012 according to household income and urbanity in Korea [2016]
  • Endocrinology and Metabolism
    • Epidemiology of Childhood Obesity in Korea [2016]
  • Journal of Epidemiology
    • Trends in Measures of Childhood Obesity in Korea From 1998 to 2012 [2016]
• Romania
  • Obesity Facts
    • Overweight and Underweight Prevalence Trends in Children from Romania - Pooled Analysis of Cross-Sectional Studies between 2006 and 2015 [2016]
• Seychelles
  • BMC Public Health
    • Secular trends in height and weight among children and adolescents of the Seychelles, 1956-2006 [2008]
• South Africa
  • BMJ Open
    • Spatial-temporal trends and risk factors for undernutrition and obesity among children (<5 years) in South Africa, 2008-2017: findings from a nationally representative longitudinal panel survey [2020]
  • Pediatric Obesity
    • Sex differences in obesity incidence: 20-year prospective cohort in South Africa [2015]
• Sub-Saharan Africa
  • BMJ Open
    • Prevalence and differentials of overweight and obesity in preschool children in Sub-Saharan Africa [2015]
• Switzerland
  • Swiss Medical Weekly
    • Excess weight among children and adolescents in Switzerland--prevalence and correlates for the early 2010s [2014]
• United Kingdom
  • Archives of Disease in Childhood
    • Childhood obesity trends from primary care electronic health records in England between 1994 and 2013: population-based cohort study [2015]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Trends in Socioeconomic Inequalities in Body Mass Index, Underweight and Obesity among English Children, 2007–2008 to 2011–2012 [2016]
• United States of America
  • American Journal of Public Health
    • Systematic Review of Prevalence of Young Child Overweight and Obesity in the United States—Affiliated Pacific Region Compared With the 48 Contiguous States: The Children's Healthy Living Program [2015]
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • State-Specific Prevalence of Obesity Among Children Aged 2–4 Years Enrolled in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children — United States, 2010–2016 [2019]
    • Prevalence of Obesity Among Youths by Household Income and Education Level of Head of Household — United States 2011–2014 [2018]
    • Trends in Obesity Among Participants Aged 2–4 Years in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children — United States, 2000–2014 [2016]
    • Childhood Obesity Facts
  • International Journal of Maternal and Child Health and AIDS
    • Social Determinants of Overweight and Obesity Among Children in the United States [2020]
  • JAMA - The Journal of the American Medical Association
    • Trends in Obesity Prevalence Among Children and Adolescents in the United States, 1988-1994 Through 2013-2014 [2016]
  • New England Journal of Medicine
    • Incidence of Childhood Obesity in the United States [2014]
  • Preventing Chronic Disease: Public Health Research, Practice and Policy
    • US States’ Childhood Obesity Surveillance Practices and Recommendations for Improving Them, 2014–2015 [2016]
• Western Pacific
  • WHO Western Pacific Region
    • Informal Consultation on Childhood Obesity Surveillance in the Western Pacific Region, Tokyo, Japan, 21-22 March 2016 : meeting report [2016]
• WHO
  • World Health Organization
    • Prevalence of obesity among children and adolescents, BMI>+2 standard deviation above the median, crude - Estimates by country, among children aged 5-19 years
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Obesity: epidemiology
    • Obesity in children and adolescents

Obesity in children and adolescents: prevention, treatment

• Africa
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Childhood Obesity Prevention in Africa: A Systematic Review of Intervention Effectiveness and Implementation [2019]
• Australia
  • BMC Public Health
    • Interventions to prevent or treat childhood obesity in Maori & Pacific Islanders: a systematic review [2020]
  • Health Research Policy and Systems
    • Does citation matter? Research citation in policy documents as an indicator of research impact – an Australian obesity policy case-study [2018]
• Canada
  • Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism
    • A socioecological framework to understand weight-related issues in Aboriginal children in Canada [2012]
  • Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health
    • Interventions for the Prevention or Management of Childhood Obesity: A Review of the Clinical Evidence [2013]
  • Canadian Paediatric Society
    • Psychosocial aspects of child and adolescent obesity [2012]
  • Registered Nurses Association of Ontario
    • Primary Prevention of Childhood Obesity [2014]
• China
  • PLoS ONE
    • Systematic review and meta-analysis of school-based obesity interventions in mainland China [2017]
• Colombia
  • Preventing Chronic Disease: Public Health Research, Practice and Policy
    • Individual, Family, and Community Predictors of Overweight and Obesity Among Colombian Children and Adolescents [2014]
• Europe
  • European Association for the Study of Obesity
    • The Ethics of Childhood Obesity Treatment - from the Childhood Obesity Task Force (COTF) of European Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO) [2014]
  • Nutrition Reviews
    • Effectiveness of social marketing strategies to reduce youth obesity in European school-based interventions: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2016]
  • WHO Regional Office for Europe
    • Evidence for gender responsive actions to prevent and manage overweight and obesity [2011]
• Germany
  • Obesity Facts
    • Current Guidelines for Obesity Prevention in Childhood and Adolescence [2018]
• India
  • Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism
    • Determinants, consequences and prevention of childhood overweight and obesity: An Indian context [2014]
  • Journal of Natural Science, Biology, and Medicine
    • Prevention of childhood obesity in India: Way forward [2015]
• International
  • Annali dell'Istituto Superiore di Sanità
    • Highly-integrated programs for the prevention of obesity and overweight in children and adolescents: results from a systematic review and meta-analysis [2018]
• Ireland
  • BMC Public Health
    • Barriers and facilitators to adoption, implementation and sustainment of obesity prevention interventions in schoolchildren– a DEDIPAC case study [2019]
• Lebanon
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • Time to Act: Lessons Learnt from the First Pilot School-Based Intervention Study from Lebanon to Prevent and Reduce Childhood Obesity [2015]
• Mexico
  • Global Health Action
    • Obesity-promoting factors in Mexican children and adolescents: challenges and opportunities [2016]
• Netherlands
  • PLoS ONE
    • A set of pedagogical recommendations for improving the integrated approach to childhood overweight and obesity: A Delphi study [2020]
• New Zealand
  • Ministry of Health New Zealand
    • Children and Young People Living Well and Staying Well: New Zealand Childhood Obesity Programme Baseline Report 2016/17 [2017]
• Poland
  • WHO Regional Office for Europe
    • Reducing childhood obesity in Poland by effective policies (2017) [2017]
• Republic of Korea
  • Healthcare Informatics Research
    • Development of Child-Teen Obesity Treatment Service Platform [2016]
• Spain
  • Journal of Epidemiology
    • Cost-Effectiveness of the EdAl (Educació en Alimentació) Program: A Primary School-Based Study to Prevent Childhood Obesity [2018]
• United Kingdom
  • Health Technology Assessment
    • Systematic review to identify and appraise outcome measures used to evaluate childhood obesity treatment interventions (CoOR): evidence of purpose, application, validity, reliability and sensitivity [2014]
  • National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
    • Obesity: prevention and lifestyle weight management in children and young people [2015]
  • NHS Health Scotland
    • Interventions to prevent childhood overweight and obesity within schools [2017]
  • Public Health England
    • Promoting healthy weight in children, young people and families
    • Healthier weight conversations: support for professionals
    • Family weight management: changing behaviour techniques
• United States of America
  • Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
    • Screening for Obesity and Interventions for Weight Management in Children and Adolescents [2017]
    • Effectiveness of Primary Care Interventions for Weight Management in Children and Adolescents [2010]
  • American Academy of Pediatrics
    • Preventing Obesity and Eating Disorders in Adolescents [2016]
    • The Role of the Pediatrician in Primary Prevention of Obesity [2015]
    • Prevention of Pediatric Overweight and Obesity [2007]
    • Expert Committee Recommendations Regarding the Prevention, Assessment, and Treatment of Child and Adolescent Overweight and Obesity: Summary Report [2007]
  • American Heart Association
    • Approaches to the Prevention and Management of Childhood Obesity: The Role of Social Networks and the Use of Social Media and Related Electronic Technologies [2013]
    • Evaluating Parents and Adult Caregivers as “Agents of Change” for Treating Obese Children: Evidence for Parent Behavior Change Strategies and Research Gaps: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association [2012]
    • Overweight in Children and Adolescents: Pathophysiology, Consequences, Prevention, and Treatment [2005]
  • Endocrine Society
    • Prevention and Treatment of Pediatric Obesity: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline Based on Expert Opinion [2008]
  • Hawai‘i Journal of Medicine & Public Health
    • The Childhood Obesity Prevention Task Force (ACT 269): recommendations for obesity prevention in Hawai'i [2013]
  • Michigan Quality Improvement Consortium
    • Treatment of Childhood Overweight and Obesity [2018]
    • Prevention and Identification of Childhood Overweight and Obesity [2018]
  • Nutrición Hospitalaria
    • Childhood overweight and obesity prevention interventions among Hispanic children in the United States: systematic review [2013]
  • Seminars in Pediatric Neurology
    • Adolescent Bariatric Surgery Program Characteristics: The Teen Longitudinal Assessment of Bariatric Surgery (Teen-LABS) Study Experience [2013]
  • Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine
    • Preventing and Treating Adolescent Obesity: A Position Paper of the Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine [2016]
  • U.S. Preventive Services Task Force
    • Obesity in Children and Adolescents: Screening [2017]
• WHO
  • World Health Organization
    • Assessing and managing children at primary health-care facilities to prevent overweight and obesity in the context of the double burden of malnutrition [2017]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Obesity in children and adolescents

Obesity, weight loss

• Africa
  • WHO Regional Office for Africa
    • Obesity
• Asia
  • Medicine
    • Acupuncture and weight loss in Asians: A PRISMA-compliant systematic review and meta-analysis [2019]
• Asia, Pacific
  • Tropical Medicine & International Health
    • Economic burden of underweight and overweight among adults in the Asia-Pacific region: a systematic review [2016]
• Australia
  • Australian Family Physician
    • Obesity and weight management at menopause [2017]
    • Obesity – recommendations for management in general practice and beyond [2013]
  • Australian Institute of Health and Welfare
    • Overweight and obesity: an interactive insight [2019]
    • Overweight & obesity
  • Department of Health Australia
    • Obesity Guidelines
  • National Health and Medical Research Council
    • Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Overweight and Obesity in Adults, Adolescents and Children in Australia (2013) [2013]
  • Pilot and Feasibility Studies
    • A collaborative process for developing a weight management toolkit for general practitioners in Australia—an intervention development study using the Knowledge To Action framework [2016]
• Australia, New Zealand
  • Royal Australasian College of Physicians
    • RACP Position Statement on Obesity [2018]
    • RACP Evidence review on obesity [2018]
• Brazil
  • Cadernos de Saúde Pública
    • Obesity and public policies: the Brazilian government’s definitions and strategies [2017]
• Canada
  • BCGuidelines
    • Overweight and obese adults - Diagnosis and management [2011]
  • BMC Health Services Research
    • Weight management in Canada: an environmental scan of health services for adults with obesity [2014]
  • Canadian Family Physician
    • Family physicians and obese patients [2017]
  • Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care
    • Recommendations for prevention of weight gain and use of behavioural and pharmacologic interventions to manage overweight and obesity in adults in primary care [2015]
  • Cost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation
    • Cost analyses of obesity in Canada: scope, quality, and implications [2013]
  • medSask - University of Saskatchewan
    • Obesity
  • Public Health Ontario
    • Obesity
• Caribbean and Pacific
  • Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública
    • Regulatory measures to fight obesity in Small Island Developing States of the Caribbean and Pacific, 2015 – 2017 [2018]
• China
  • Frontiers of Medicine
    • Obesity in China: its characteristics, diagnostic criteria, and implications [2015]
• Eastern Mediterranean
  • WHO Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean
    • Summary report on Developing an action plan for preventing obesity and diabetes in the Eastern Mediterranean Region Geneva, Switzerland 31 May–1 June 2016 [2017]
    • Proposed policy priorities for preventing obesity and diabetes in the Eastern Mediterranean Region [2017]
• Europe
  • European Association for the Study of Obesity
    • The ABCD of Obesity: An EASO Position Statement on a Diagnostic Term with Clinical and Scientific Implications [2019]
    • European Guidelines for Obesity Management in Adults [2015]
    • Need for a Paradigm Shift in Adult Overweight and Obesity Management - an EASO Position Statement on a Pressing public Health, Clinical and Scientific Challenge in Europe [2014]
    • Beyond BMI - Phenotyping the Obesities [2014]
    • An EASO Position Statement on Multidisciplinary Obesity Management in Adults [2014]
  • Obesity Facts
    • OBEDIS Core Variables Project: European Expert Guidelines on a Minimal Core Set of Variables to Include in Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trials of Obesity Interventions [2020]
    • European Practical and Patient-Centred Guidelines for Adult Obesity Management in Primary Care [2019]
    • Obesity Management in Europe: Current Status and Objectives for the Future [2016]
  • WHO Regional Office for Europe
    • The role of public health organizations in addressing public health problems in Europe: The case of obesity, alcohol and antimicrobial resistance (2018) [2018]
    • Weight bias and obesity stigma: considerations for the WHO European Region (2017) [2017]
    • Obesity and inequities. Guidance for addressing inequities in overweight and obesity (2014) [2014]
    • Challenge of obesity in the WHO European Region and the strategies for response [2007]
    • Obesity
• Germany
  • Deutsches Ärzteblatt International
    • The Prevention and Treatment of Obesity [2014]
  • Obesity Facts
    • The Economic Burden of Obesity in Germany: Results from the Population-Based KORA Studies [2016]
• Hungary
  • BMC Family Practice
    • Primary care obesity management in Hungary: evaluation of the knowledge, practice and attitudes of family physicians [2013]
• International
  • Cadernos de Saúde Pública
    • Quality assessment of clinical guidelines for the treatment of obesity in adults: application of the AGREE II instrument [2018]
  • World Gastroenterology Organisation
    • Obesity [2011]
• Iran
  • Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran
    • Health technology assessment of non-invasive interventions for weight loss and body shape in Iran [2016]
• Italy
  • Eating and Weight Disorders
    • SIO management algorithm for patients with overweight or obesity: consensus statement of the Italian Society for Obesity (SIO) [2016]
• Malaysia
  • Medical Journal of Malaysia
    • A Review of Adult Obesity Research in Malaysia [2016]
• Mexico
  • Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy
    • Lifestyle intervention for obesity: a call to transform the clinical care delivery system in Mexico [2019]
• Netherlands
  • Family Practice
    • An integrated health care standard for the management and prevention of obesity in The Netherlands [2012]
• New Zealand
  • Ministry of Health New Zealand
    • Clinical Guidelines for Weight Management in New Zealand Adults [2017]
    • Implementing the Clinical Guidelines for Weight Management in New Zealand: 2010/11 [2010]
    • Obesity - information for health professionals
• Nigeria
  • Annals of African Medicine
    • Performance of waist circumference and proposed cutoff levels for defining overweight and obesity in Nigerians [2016]
  • Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice
    • Obesity: An emerging disease [2011]
• Pakistan
  • Journal of Pakistan Medical Association
    • Socio-economic, environmental and demographic determinants of rise in obesity among Pakistani women: A Systematic Review [2016]
• Republic of Korea
  • Endocrinology and Metabolism
    • Optimal Waist Circumference Cutoff Values for the Diagnosis of Abdominal Obesity in Korean Adults [2014]
    • 2014 Clinical Practice Guidelines for Overweight and Obesity in Korea [2014]
  • Healthcare Informatics Research
    • Development of a Smartphone Application for Clinical-Guideline-Based Obesity Management [2015]
  • Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome
    • 2018 Korean Society for the Study of Obesity Guideline for the Management of Obesity in Korea [2019]
• Saudi Arabia
  • Saudi Medical Journal
    • The Saudi clinical practice guideline for the management of overweight and obesity in adults [2016]
• Singapore
  • Ministry of Health Singapore
    • Health Promotion Board–Ministry of Health Clinical Practice Guidelines: Obesity [2016]
• South Africa
  • Cardiovascular Journal of Africa
    • Socio-cultural, environmental and behavioural determinants of obesity in black South African women [2013]
• South-East Asia
  • PLoS ONE
    • Urban Environments and Obesity in Southeast Asia: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression [2014]
  • WHO Regional Office for South-East Asia
    • Obesity and overweight in SEARO
• Sub-Saharan Africa
  • BMC Obesity
    • Complex association between rural/urban residence, household wealth and women’s overweight: evidence from 30 cross-sectional national household surveys in Africa [2017]
• Switzerland
  • Obesity Facts
    • Measuring Success in Obesity Prevention: A Synthesis of Health Promotion Switzerland's Long-Term Monitoring and Evaluation Strategy [2015]
• Thailand
  • BMC Health Services Research
    • Economic costs of obesity in Thailand: a retrospective cost-of-illness study [2014]
• United Kingdom
  • BMC Public Health
    • Analysis of the UK recommendations on obesity based on a proposed implementation framework [2010]
  • British Obesity and Metabolic Surgery Society
    • Commissioning guide: weight assessment and management clinics (tier 3) [2017]
  • Department of Health and Social Care
    • Obesity and healthy eating
    • Best practice guidance for weight management services
  • National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
    • Obesity: identification, assessment and management of overweight and obesity in children, young people and adults [2014]
    • Managing overweight and obesity in adults – lifestyle weight management services [2014]
    • Obesity
  • NHS Health Scotland
    • Public attitudes to reducing overweight and obesity in Scotland [2018]
  • NIHR Journals Library
    • How effective are interventions at reducing socioeconomic inequalities in obesity among children and adults? Two systematic reviews [2015]
  • Occupational Medicine
    • Implementing NICE obesity guidance for staff: an NHS trust audit [2015]
  • Public Health England
    • Whole systems approach to obesity
    • Weight management: guidance for commissioners and providers
    • Weight management interventions: standard evaluation framework
    • Adult obesity: applying All Our Health
  • Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network
    • Management of obesity [2010]
  • UK Parliament
    • Tackling obesity in England: The ninth report of the Committee of Public Accounts [2002]
• United Arab Emirates
  • Obesity Facts
    • Clinical Practice Recommendations for the Management of Obesity in the United Arab Emirates [2018]
• United States of America
  • Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
    • Behavioral and Pharmacotherapy Weight Loss Interventions to Prevent Obesity-Related Morbidity and Mortality in Adults: An Updated Systematic Review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force [2018]
    • Methods for Evaluating Natural Experiments in Obesity: Systematic Evidence Review [2017]
    • Screening for and Management of Obesity and Overweight in Adults [2011]
  • American Academy of Family Physicians
    • Obesity and Overweight [2019]
  • American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists
    • American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and American College of Endocrinology Clinical Practice Guidelines for Comprehensive Medical Care of Patients with Obesity [2016]
    • AACE/ACE Algorithm for the Medical Care of Patients with Obesity [2016]
    • American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and American College of Endocrinology Position Statement on the 2014 Advanced Framework for a New Diagnosis of Obesity as a Chronic Disease [2014]
  • American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
    • Ethical Considerations for the Care of Patients With Obesity [2019]
    • Challenges for Overweight and Obese Women [2014]
  • American Heart Association
    • 2013 AHA/ACC/TOS Guideline for the Management of Overweight and Obesity in Adults [2013]
    • Assessing adiposity: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association [2011]
  • American Journal of Preventive Medicine
    • U.S. Health Professionals’ Views on Obesity Care, Training, and Self-Efficacy [2015]
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Overweight & Obesity
  • Endocrine Society
    • The Science of Obesity Management: An Endocrine Society Scientific Statement [2018]
  • International Journal of Obesity
    • Managing Obesity in Primary Care Practice: An Overview and Perspective from the POWER-UP Study [2013]
  • Journal of General Internal Medicine
    • Treatment of Obesity in Primary Care Practice in the United States: A Systematic Review [2009]
  • Michigan Quality Improvement Consortium
    • Management of Overweight and Obesity in the Adult [2019]
  • National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
    • Managing Overweight and Obesity in Adults: Systematic Evidence Review from the Obesity Expert Panel [2013]
  • Obesity
    • US adults recommended for weight reduction by 1998 and 2013 obesity guidelines, NHANES 2007-2012 [2015]
  • Obesity Reviews
    • Weight Loss and Black Women: A Systematic Review of the Behavioral Weight Loss Intervention Literature [2012]
  • Public Health Nursing
    • Translation of Obesity Practice Guidelines: Interprofessional Perspectives Regarding the Impact of Public Health Nurse System-Level Intervention [2014]
  • Society of Behavioral Medicine
    • An Evidence-based Guide for Obesity Treatment in Primary Care [2016]
  • U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs
    • Management of Obesity and Overweight [2014]
  • U.S. Preventive Services Task Force
    • Weight Loss to Prevent Obesity-Related Morbidity and Mortality in Adults: Behavioral Interventions [2018]
• Western Pacific
  • WHO Western Pacific Region
    • Overweight and obesity in the Western Pacific Region : an equity perspective [2017]
• WHO
  • World Health Organization
    • Obesity and overweight: Fact sheet
    • Obesity
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Obesity: surgical treatment
    • Obesity: prevention
    • Obesity: pharmacologic treatment
    • Obesity: genetics
    • Obesity: epidemiology
    • Obesity: diet, nutrition, physical activity
    • Obesity in children and adolescents

Obesity: diet, nutrition, physical activity

• America
  • Pan American Health Organization
    • Pan American Health Organization Nutrient Profile Model [2016]
• Arab countries
  • Nutrición Hospitalaria
    • The Food Dome: dietary guidelines for Arab countries [2012]
• Australia
  • Australian Family Physician
    • The 2013 Australian dietary guidelines and recommendations for older Australians [2015]
    • Overweight and obesity – use of portion control in management [2010]
  • Australian Institute of Health and Welfare
    • Poor diet [2019]
  • National Health and Medical Research Council
    • Australian Dietary Guidelines (2013) [2013]
  • Nutrients
    • Compliance with Dietary Guidelines Varies by Weight Status: A Cross-Sectional Study of Australian Adults [2018]
    • Interpreting the Australian Dietary Guideline to “Limit” into Practical and Personalised Advice [2015]
  • Nutrition Australia
    • Nutrition Australia
  • Scientific Reports
    • Typical food portion sizes consumed by Australian adults: results from the 2011–12 Australian National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey [2016]
• Austria
  • Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
    • Evaluation of a meal replacement-based weight management program in primary care settings according to the actual European Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Obesity in Adults [2014]
• Barbados
  • International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity
    • Assessing the impact of the Barbados sugar-sweetened beverage tax on beverage sales: an observational study [2019]
• Canada
  • Canadian Family Physician
    • Canada’s new Healthy Eating Strategy [2019]
  • Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology
    • New Canadian Physical Activity Guidelines [2011]
  • Health Canada
    • Canada’s food guide stakeholder toolkit [2019]
    • Health Canada's healthy eating strategy
    • Canada’s dietary guidelines
    • Canada's Food Guide
  • Nutrients
    • Assessment of Packaged Foods and Beverages Carrying Nutrition Marketing against Canada’s Food Guide Recommendations [2019]
  • Nutrition Journal
    • Association of breakfast consumption with body mass index and prevalence of overweight/obesity in a nationally-representative survey of Canadian adults [2016]
  • Public Health Agency of Canada
    • Healthy food procurement and nutrition standards in public facilities: evidence synthesis and consensus policy recommendations [2018]
  • Statistics Canada
    • An examination of the associations between walkable neighbourhoods and obesity and self-rated health in Canadians [2019]
• China
  • BMC Public Health
    • Is economic environment associated with the physical activity levels and obesity in Chinese adults? A cross-sectional study of 30 regions in China [2017]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Modeling the Effect of Physical Activity on Obesity in China: Evidence from the Longitudinal China Health and Nutrition Study 1989–2011 [2017]
    • A Review of the Growth of the Fast Food Industry in China and Its Potential Impact on Obesity [2016]
  • Nutrients
    • The Development of a Chinese Healthy Eating Index and Its Application in the General Population [2017]
  • Obesity Reviews
    • The emergence of cardiometabolic disease risk in Chinese children and adults: consequences of changes in diet, physical activity, and obesity [2014]
    • Synthesis and Implications: China’s Nutrition Transition in the Context of Changes Across other Low and Middle Income Countries [2014]
    • Dynamics of the Chinese Diet and the Role of Urbanicity, 1991–2011 [2014]
    • China in the period of transition from scarcity and extensive undernutrition to emerging nutrition-related noncommunicable diseases, 1949–1992 [2014]
• Eastern Mediterranean
  • WHO Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean
    • Summary report on the Regional meeting on tackling obesity in the Eastern Mediterranean Region with more focus on healthy diet [2019]
    • Promoting a healthy diet for the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region: user-friendly guide [2012]
• Eastern Mediterranean, Middle East
  • Nutrients
    • Food-Based Dietary Guidelines around the World: Eastern Mediterranean and Middle Eastern Countries [2019]
• Estonia
  • WHO Regional Office for Europe
    • Evidence brief for policy. Reducing the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and their negative health impact in Estonia (2016) [2016]
• Europe
  • WHO Regional Office for Europe
    • What is the evidence on the policy specifications, development processes and effectiveness of existing front-of-pack food labelling policies in the WHO European Region? (2018) [2018]
    • Better food and nutrition in Europe – Progress report (2018) [2018]
    • European Food and Nutrition Action Plan 2015–2020 [2015]
    • Country profiles on nutrition, physical activity and obesity in the 53 WHO European Region Member States. Methodology and summary [2013]
    • Country profiles on nutrition, physical activity and obesity in the 28 European Union Member States of the WHO European Region. Methodology and summary [2013]
    • Overview of implementation of statutory and self-regulatory codes in the area of marketing foods and beverages to children in European Union Member States [2010]
    • WHO European action plan for food and nutrition policy 2007-2012 [2008]
• France
  • Nutrients
    • French Recommendations for Sugar Intake in Adults: A Novel Approach Chosen by ANSES [2018]
  • PLoS Medicine
    • Adherence to the 2017 French dietary guidelines and adult weight gain: A cohort study [2019]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Dietary Quality and 6-Year Anthropometric Changes in a Sample of French Middle-Aged Overweight and Obese Adults [2014]
• Germany
  • BMC Public Health
    • Taxing sugar-sweetened beverages: impact on overweight and obesity in Germany [2017]
• Ibero-America
  • Nutrients
    • Ibero–American Consensus on Low- and No-Calorie Sweeteners: Safety, Nutritional Aspects and Benefits in Food and Beverages [2018]
• India
  • Indian Council of Medical Research
    • Dietary Guidelines for Indians [2011]
  • Nutrients
    • Sugar Intake, Obesity, and Diabetes in India [2014]
• Indonesia
  • Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition
    • Taking the Indonesian nutrition history to leap into betterment of the future generation: development of the Indonesian Nutrition Guidelines [2011]
    • Do Indonesians follow its Dietary Guidelines? - evidence related to food consumption, healthy lifestyle, and nutritional status within the period 2000-2010 [2011]
• International
  • Bulletin of the World Health Organization
    • Textual analysis of sugar industry influence on the World Health Organization’s 2015 sugars intake guideline [2016]
    • The effect of fiscal policy on diet, obesity and chronic disease: a systematic review [2010]
  • Current Obesity Reports
    • Food Policy Approaches to Obesity Prevention: An International Perspective [2014]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Progress Evaluation for Transnational Restaurant Chains to Reformulate Products and Standardize Portions to Meet Healthy Dietary Guidelines and Reduce Obesity and Non-Communicable Disease Risks, 2000–2018: A Scoping and Systematic Review to Inform Policy [2019]
  • International Journal of Obesity
    • International Study of Objectively-measured Physical Activity and Sedentary Time with Body Mass Index and Obesity: IPEN Adult Study [2015]
  • Lancet Planetary Health
    • Health and nutritional aspects of sustainable diet strategies and their association with environmental impacts: a global modelling analysis with country-level detail [2018]
  • PLoS Medicine
    • Artificially Sweetened Beverages and the Response to the Global Obesity Crisis [2017]
• Italy
  • Epidemiologia e Prevenzione
    • From surveillance to development of nutritional guidelines [2015]
• Latin America
  • Cadernos de Saúde Pública
    • Trends in dietary patterns of Latin American populations [2003]
  • Pan American Health Organization
    • Ultra-processed food and drink products in Latin America: Sales, sources, nutrient profiles, and policy implications [2019]
    • Ultra-processed food and drink products in Latin America: Trends, impact on obesity, policy implications [2015]
• Lebanon
  • BMC Public Health
    • Diet, physical activity and socio-economic disparities of obesity in Lebanese adults: findings from a national study [2015]
• Malawi
  • FANTA (Food and Nutrition Technical Assistance III Project)
    • Malawi’s National Guidelines on Nutrition Care, Support, and Treatment for Adolescents and Adults [2014]
• Malaysia
  • Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition
    • Intake of added sugar in Malaysia: a review [2016]
  • BMC Public Health
    • Physical activity and overweight/obesity among Malaysian adults: findings from the 2015 National Health and morbidity survey (NHMS) [2017]
  • NutriWeb Malaysia
    • NutriWeb Malaysia
• Mexico
  • Pan American Health Organization
    • Taxes on Sugar-sweetened Beverages as a Public Health Strategy: The Experience of Mexico [2015]
• Middle-income countries
  • PLoS ONE
    • Taxes on Sugar-Sweetened Beverages to Reduce Overweight and Obesity in Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review [2016]
• Netherlands
  • Nutrients
    • Total, Free, and Added Sugar Consumption and Adherence to Guidelines: The Dutch National Food Consumption Survey 2007–2010 [2016]
• New Zealand
  • Ministry of Health New Zealand
    • How We Eat – Reviews of the evidence on food and eating behaviours related to diet and body size [2017]
    • Eating and Activity Guidelines for New Zealand Adults [2015]
    • Evaluation of the Food and Nutrition Guidelines Series [2014]
    • Guidelines on Physical Activity for Older People (aged 65 years and over) [2013]
    • Food and Nutrition Guidelines for Healthy Older People: A background paper [2013]
  • Nutrients
    • Exploring the Dietary Patterns of Young New Zealand Women and Associations with BMI and Body Fat [2016]
• Philippines
  • Bulletin of the World Health Organization
    • Development of a sweetened beverage tax, Philippines [2019]
• Poland
  • Przeglad Menopauzalny = Menopause Review
    • Guidelines for dietary management of menopausal women with simple obesity [2015]
• Republic of Korea
  • PLoS ONE
    • Associations between Physical Activity and Obesity Defined by Waist-To-Height Ratio and Body Mass Index in the Korean Population [2016]
• Romania
  • WHO Regional Office for Europe
    • Linear programming to build food-based dietary guidelines: Romanian food baskets (2016) [2016]
• Samoa
  • American Journal of Human Biology
    • Long-term trends in food availability, food prices, and obesity in Samoa [2012]
• Singapore
  • Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition
    • Dietary guidelines in Singapore [2011]
• South Africa
  • BMC Public Health
    • Evidence to support a food-based dietary guideline on sugar consumption in South Africa [2012]
• Spain
  • Nutrición Hospitalaria
    • The Spanish diet: an update [2013]
    • Associated factors of obesity in Spanish representative samples [2013]
    • Evidence-based nutritional recommendations for the prevention and treatment of overweight and obesity in adults (FESNAD-SEEDO consensus document): The role of diet in obesity treatment (III/III) [2012]
    • Evidence-based nutritional recommendations for the prevention and treatment of overweight and obesity in adults (FESNAD-SEEDO consensus document): The role of diet in obesity prevention (II/III) [2012]
    • Evidence-based nutritional recommendations for the prevention and treatment of overweight and obesity in adults (FESNAD-SEEDO consensus document): Methodology and executive summary (I/III) [2012]
• Switzerland
  • Nutrients
    • The Contribution of Diet Quality to Socioeconomic Inequalities in Obesity: A Population-based Study of Swiss Adults [2019]
• Thailand
  • Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition
    • Food based dietary guidelines (FBDGs) development and promotion in Thailand [2011]
• United Kingdom
  • Bulletin of the World Health Organization
    • Labelling changes in response to a tax on sugar-sweetened beverages, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland [2019]
  • Health Technology Assessment
    • Systematic reviews of and integrated report on the quantitative, qualitative and economic evidence base for the management of obesity in men [2014]
  • National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
    • Maintaining a healthy weight and preventing excess weight gain among adults and children [2015]
    • Diet - NICE Pathways [2011]
  • Public Health England
    • The Eatwell Guide
    • Healthy weight environments: using the planning system
    • Healthy eating
    • Health matters: obesity and the food environment
  • Royal College of General Practitioners
    • Nutrition
  • Scottish Government
    • Healthy weight communities: programme evaluation [2011]
    • Healthy Eating, Active Living: An action plan to improve diet, increase physical activity and tackle obesity (2008-2011) [2008]
• United States of America
  • Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics
    • Position of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics: Interventions for the Treatment of Overweight and Obesity in Adults [2016]
    • Adult weight management
  • Advances in Nutrition
    • What Do Government Agencies Consider in the Debate Over Added Sugars? [2013]
  • American Heart Association
    • Implementing American Heart Association Pediatric and Adult Nutrition Guidelines [2009]
    • Dietary Recommendations for Children and Adolescents: A Guide for Practitioners [2006]
    • Diet and Lifestyle Recommendations Revision 2006: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association Nutrition Committee [2006]
    • Dietary Recommendations for Children and Adolescents: A Guide for Practitioners: Consensus Statement From the American Heart Association [2005]
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Prevalence of Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Intake Among Adults — 23 States and the District of Columbia, 2013 [2016]
    • Nutrition
    • Healthy Food Service Guidelines
    • Exercise or Physical Activity
  • International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity
    • Calorie menu labeling on quick-service restaurant menus: an updated systematic review of the literature [2011]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Variations in Obesity Rates between US Counties: Impacts of Activity Access, Food Environments, and Settlement Patterns [2017]
  • JAMA - The Journal of the American Medical Association
    • Behavioral Treatment of Obesity in Patients Encountered in Primary Care Settings: A Systematic Review [2014]
  • Journal of Nutrition
    • The Healthy Eating Index-2010 Is a Valid and Reliable Measure of Diet Quality According to the 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans [2014]
  • Journal of Obesity
    • A Study of the Relationship between Food Group Recommendations and Perceived Stress: Findings from Black Women in the Deep South [2015]
    • Weight Loss Maintenance in African American Women: A Systematic Review of the Behavioral Lifestyle Intervention Literature [2013]
  • Mayo Clinic Proceedings
    • The Inadmissibility of ‘What We Eat In America’ (WWEIA) and NHANES Dietary Data in Nutrition & Obesity Research and the Scientific Formulation of National Dietary Guidelines [2015]
  • National Academies Press
    • Physical Activity: Moving Toward Obesity Solutions: Workshop Summary [2015]
  • Nutrition Journal
    • Whole grain consumption trends and associations with body weight measures in the United States: results from the cross sectional National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001–2012 [2016]
    • Are restrictive guidelines for added sugars science based? [2015]
  • Nutrition.gov
    • Nutrition.gov
  • Preventing Chronic Disease: Public Health Research, Practice and Policy
    • The State of Evaluation Research on Food Policies to Reduce Obesity and Diabetes Among Adults in the United States, 2000–2011 [2015]
  • U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
    • Dietary Guidelines
• Vietnam
  • Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition
    • Food based dietary guidelines in Vietnam: progress and lessons learned [2011]
• WHO
  • World Health Organization
    • Sugars intake for adults and children [2015]
    • Global recommendations on physical activity for health [2010]
    • Reducing consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages to reduce the risk of unhealthy weight gain in adults
    • Physical Activity
    • Nutrition
    • Healthy diet: Fact sheet
    • Diet
    • Controlling the global obesity epidemic
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Obesity, weight loss
    • Obesity in children and adolescents: diet, nutrition, physical activity

Obesity: epidemiology

• Australia
  • Australian Family Physician
    • BMI of Australian general practice patients [2006]
  • Australian Institute of Health and Welfare
    • Data sources for monitoring overweight and obesity in Australia [2019]
    • Overweight and obesity rates across Australia 2014–15 [2018]
    • Overweight and obesity in Australia: a birth cohort analysis [2017]
    • An interactive insight into overweight and obesity in Australia, How many people are overweight or obese? [2017]
    • A picture of overweight and obesity in Australia [2017]
  • Nutrients
    • The Australian Paradox: A Substantial Decline in Sugars Intake over the Same Timeframe that Overweight and Obesity Have Increased [2011]
• Bangladesh
  • BMJ Open
    • Differences in prevalence and associated factors of underweight and overweight/obesity according to rural–urban residence strata among women of reproductive age in Bangladesh: evidence from a cross-sectional national survey [2020]
• Brazil
  • Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition
    • Obesity Epidemic in Brazil and Argentina: A Public Health Concern [2014]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Gender, time use and overweight and obesity in adults: Results of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) [2018]
• Canada
  • BMJ Open
    • Prevalence of age-specific and sex-specific overweight and obesity in Ontario and Quebec, Canada: a cross-sectional study using direct measures of height and weight [2018]
  • CMAJ Open
    • Current and predicted prevalence of obesity in Canada: a trend analysis [2014]
  • Public Health Agency of Canada
    • Trends and projections of obesity among Canadians [2015]
    • Obesity in Canada [2011]
  • Statistics Canada
    • Body weight and obesity
• China
  • American Journal of Preventive Medicine
    • Prevalence and Secular Trends in Obesity Among Chinese Adults, 1991–2011 [2015]
  • American Journal of Public Health
    • Prevalence of Underweight, Overweight, and Obesity Among Reproductive-Age Women and Adolescent Girls in Rural China [2016]
  • BMC Public Health
    • The prevalence and increasing trends of overweight, general obesity, and abdominal obesity among Chinese adults: a repeated cross-sectional study [2019]
  • Obesity Reviews
    • Overweight Dynamics in Chinese Children and Adults [2014]
    • Secular trends in the prevalence of general and abdominal obesity among Chinese adults, 1993–2009 [2012]
• Cuba
  • MEDICC Review
    • Overweight, obesity, central adiposity and associated chronic diseases in Cuban adults [2009]
• Developing countries
  • Nutrition Reviews
    • The Global Nutrition Transition: The Pandemic of Obesity in Developing Countries [2012]
• Ecuador
  • American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
    • The double burden of undernutrition and excess body weight in Ecuador [2014]
• Europe
  • Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
    • Assessment of epidemiological obesity among adults in EU countries [2019]
  • Endocrine
    • Changes in prevalence of obesity and high waist circumference over four years across European regions: the European male ageing study (EMAS) [2016]
  • European Association for the Study of Obesity
    • Monitoring the Obesity Epidemic into the 21st Century - Weighing the Evidence [2013]
  • Obesity Facts
    • Forecasting Future Trends in Obesity across Europe: The Value of Improving Surveillance [2018]
  • SAGE Open Medicine
    • Getting to grips with the obesity epidemic in Europe [2016]
• Germany
  • BMC Geriatrics
    • Prevalence and determinants of overweight and obesity in old age in Germany [2015]
  • Obesity Facts
    • Socioeconomic Inequalities in the Rise of Adult Obesity: A Time-Trend Analysis of National Examination Data from Germany, 1990–2011 [2019]
    • Changes in Waist Circumference among German Adults over Time - Compiling Results of Seven Prospective Cohort Studies [2016]
• Ghana
  • BMC Public Health
    • Overweight and obesity epidemic in Ghana—a systematic review and meta-analysis [2016]
    • Double burden of malnutrition: increasing overweight and obesity and stall underweight trends among Ghanaian women [2015]
• India
  • BMC Public Health
    • Do trends in the prevalence of overweight by socio-economic position differ between India’s most and least economically developed states? [2019]
  • BMJ Open
    • Trends in the socioeconomic patterning of overweight/obesity in India: a repeated cross-sectional study using nationally representative data [2018]
  • Indian Journal of Medical Research
    • Prevalence of generalized & abdominal obesity in urban & rural India- the ICMR - INDIAB Study (Phase-I) [ICMR - INDIAB-3] [2015]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Forecasting the prevalence of overweight and obesity in India to 2040 [2020]
• International
  • Demographic and Health Surveys
    • Nutrition
  • Lancet
    • Global, regional and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults 1980-2013: A systematic analysis [2014]
  • PharmacoEconomics
    • The Epidemiology of Obesity: A Big Picture [2015]
• Iran
  • Acta Medica Iranica
    • Investigation of the Prevalence of Obesity in Iran: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Study [2015]
  • BMC Public Health
    • The prevalence of overweight and obesity among Iranian military personnel: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2019]
  • Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine
    • Changes in Obesity Odds Ratio among Iranian Adults, since 2000: Quadratic Inference Functions Method [2016]
  • Middle East Journal of Digestive Diseases
    • Trends of Obesity in Iranian Adults from 1990s to late 2000s; a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis [2013]
• Japan
  • Journal of Epidemiology
    • Relationship Between Socioeconomic Status and the Prevalence of Underweight, Overweight or Obesity in a General Japanese Population: NIPPON DATA2010 [2018]
  • Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology
    • Monitoring Obesity Trends in Health Japan 21 [2015]
  • Journal of Occupational Health
    • Five-year cumulative incidence of overweight and obesity, and longitudinal change in body mass index in Japanese workers: The Japan Epidemiology Collaboration on Occupational Health Study [2019]
• Kuwait
  • Journal of Obesity
    • A Review of Adult Obesity Prevalence, Trends, Risk Factors, and Epidemiologic Methods in Kuwait [2013]
• Latin America and the Caribbean
  • Lancet Global Health
    • The shift of obesity burden by socioeconomic status between 1998 and 2017 in Latin America and the Caribbean: a cross-sectional series study [2019]
• Lebanon
  • BMC Public Health
    • Trends in overweight and obesity in Lebanon: evidence from two national cross-sectional surveys (1997 and 2009) [2012]
• Libya
  • Libyan Journal of Medicine
    • Obesity in Libya: a review [2012]
• Low and middle-income countries
  • Obesity Reviews
    • New dynamics in global obesity facing low- and middle-income countries [2013]
• Luxembourg
  • BMC Research Notes
    • Socioeconomic inequality and obesity prevalence trends in luxembourg, 1995-2007 [2012]
• Mexico
  • BMC Public Health
    • Time trends and sex differences in associations between socioeconomic status indicators and overweight-obesity in Mexico (2006–2012) [2015]
  • Global Health Action
    • Regional-level estimation of expected years of life lost attributable to overweight and obesity among Mexican adults [2016]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Educational Inequalities in Obesity among Mexican Women: Time-Trends from 1988 to 2012 [2014]
• New Zealand
  • Ministry of Health New Zealand
    • Understanding Excess Body Weight: New Zealand Health Survey [2015]
• Pakistan
  • Journal of Ayub Medical College Abbottabad
    • Obesity, An Emerging Epidemic in Pakistan - A Review of Evidence [2016]
• Panama
  • BMC Public Health
    • Prevalence of obesity in Panama: some risk factors and associated diseases [2015]
• Peru
  • Preventing Chronic Disease: Public Health Research, Practice and Policy
    • Parity and Overweight/Obesity in Peruvian Women [2017]
• Poland
  • European Journal of Public Health
    • Secular trends in BMI and the prevalence of obesity in young Polish males from 1965 to 2010 [2014]
• Portugal
  • BMC Public Health
    • Prevalence of general and abdominal obesity in Portugal: comprehensive results from the National Food, nutrition and physical activity survey 2015–2016 [2018]
    • Differing trends in the association between obesity and self-reported health in Portugal and Switzerland. Data from national health surveys 1992-2007 [2012]
• Republic of Korea
  • PLoS ONE
    • Sex-specific role of education on the associations of socioeconomic status indicators with obesity risk: A population-based study in South Korea [2018]
  • World Journal of Men's Health
    • Obesity in Korean Men: Results from the Fourth through Sixth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (2007~2014) [2016]
• Russia
  • Obesity Reviews
    • Overweight and Obesity in the Russian Population: Prevalence in Adults and Association with Socioeconomic Parameters and Cardiovascular Risk Factors [2019]
• Saudi Arabia
  • Preventing Chronic Disease: Public Health Research, Practice and Policy
    • Obesity and Associated Factors — Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, 2013 [2014]
• South Africa
  • BMC Obesity
    • Obesity trends and risk factors in the South African adult population [2015]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Socioeconomic Inequalities in Adult Obesity Prevalence in South Africa: A Decomposition Analysis [2014]
• South Asia
  • Nutrients
    • Obesity and Dyslipidemia in South Asians [2013]
• Southern Cone
  • PLoS ONE
    • Prevalence, Distributions and Determinants of Obesity and Central Obesity in the Southern Cone of America [2016]
• Spain
  • International Journal for Equity in Health
    • Unconditional quantile regressions to determine the social gradient of obesity in Spain 1993–2014 [2016]
• Sub-Saharan Africa
  • BMC Public Health
    • Overweight and obesity among women: analysis of demographic and health survey data from 32 Sub-Saharan African Countries [2016]
• Switzerland
  • Obesity Facts
    • From Undernutrition to Overnutrition: The Evolution of Overweight and Obesity among Young Men in Switzerland since the 19th Century [2016]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Socioeconomic, Temporal and Regional Variation in Body Mass Index among 188,537 Swiss Male Conscripts Born between 1986 and 1992 [2014]
• Syria
  • Vascular Health and Risk Management
    • CVD and obesity in transitional Syria: a perspective from the Middle East [2012]
• Tunisia
  • Population Health Metrics
    • Abdominal vs. overall obesity among women in a nutrition transition context: geographic and socio-economic patterns of abdominal-only obesity in Tunisia [2015]
• Uganda
  • BMC Obesity
    • Prevalence and correlates of abdominal obesity among adults in Uganda: findings from a national cross-sectional, population based survey 2014 [2018]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Spatial Distribution of Underweight, Overweight and Obesity among Women and Children: Results from the 2011 Uganda Demographic and Health Survey [2013]
  • Obesity Science & Practice
    • Trend in overweight and obesity among women of reproductive age in Uganda: 1995–2016 [2019]
• United Kingdom
  • BMC Public Health
    • Unevenly distributed: A systematic review of the health literature about socioeconomic inequalities in adult obesity in the United Kingdom [2012]
  • British Journal of General Practice
    • Epidemiology of adult overweight recording and management by UK GPs: a systematic review [2017]
  • NHS Digital
    • Statistics on Obesity, Physical Activity and Diet
  • PLoS Medicine
    • How Has the Age-Related Process of Overweight or Obesity Development Changed over Time? Co-ordinated Analyses of Individual Participant Data from Five United Kingdom Birth Cohorts [2015]
  • Scottish Government
    • Obesity Indicators: Monitoring Progress for the Prevention of Obesity Route Map - December 2016 report [2016]
• United Arab Emirates
  • Journal of Obesity
    • The Epidemiology and Economic Burden of Obesity and Related Cardiometabolic Disorders in the United Arab Emirates: A Systematic Review and Qualitative Synthesis [2018]
• Uruguay
  • American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
    • Double burden of undernutrition and obesity in Uruguay [2014]
• United States of America
  • American Journal of Preventive Medicine
    • Prevalence and Trends in Lifetime Obesity in the U.S., 1988–2014 [2017]
    • Obesity Among U.S.- and Foreign-Born Blacks by Region of Birth [2015]
  • American Society for Nutrition
    • Can a small-changes approach help address the obesity epidemic? A report of the Joint Task Force of the American Society for Nutrition, Institute of Food Technologists, and International Food Information Council [2009]
  • BMC Obesity
    • Obesity trends by industry of employment in the United States, 2004 to 2011 [2016]
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Obesity Prevalence Among Adults Living in Metropolitan and Nonmetropolitan Counties — United States, 2016 [2018]
    • Prevalence of Obesity Among Adults, by Household Income and Education — United States, 2011–2014 [2017]
    • Overweight Prevalence
    • Data & Statistics | Overweight & Obesity
    • Adult Obesity Facts
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • The Prevalence of Overfat Adults and Children in the US [2017]
  • Gastroenterology Clinics of North America
    • Obesity epidemiology trends by race/ethnicity, gender, and education: National Health Interview Survey, 1997–2012 [2016]
  • New England Journal of Medicine
    • Simulation of Growth Trajectories of Childhood Obesity into Adulthood [2017]
  • Obesity
    • Regional Disparities in Obesity Prevalence in the United States: A Spatial Regime Analysis [2014]
  • Obesity Reviews
    • Obesity and Mortality: Are the Risks Declining? Evidence from Multiple Prospective Studies in the U.S [2014]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Redrawing the US Obesity Landscape: Bias-Corrected Estimates of State-Specific Adult Obesity Prevalence [2016]
    • Change in Obesity Prevalence across the United States Is Influenced by Recreational and Healthcare Contexts, Food Environments, and Hispanic Populations [2016]
  • Population Health Metrics
    • Measuring and tracking obesity inequality in the United States: evidence from NHANES, 1971-2014 [2016]
• WHO
  • World Health Organization
    • Body Mass Index (BMI)
• Zimbabwe
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Trends in Prevalence and Related Risk Factors of Overweight and Obesity among Women of Reproductive Age in Zimbabwe, 2005–2015 [2019]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Obesity, weight loss
    • Obesity in children and adolescents: epidemiology

Obesity: genetics

• Australia
  • Australian Family Physician
    • Genetics of obesity [2017]
• Europe
  • BMC Medical Genomics
    • FTO haplotyping underlines high obesity risk for European populations [2019]
• High-income countries
  • SAGE Open Medicine
    • The obesity epidemic – Nature via nurture: A narrative review of high-income countries [2020]
• India
  • Journal of Genetics
    • Genetics of obesity and its measures in India [2018]
• International
  • Obesity
    • Genetics of Obesity in Consanguineous Populations: Toward Precision Medicine and the Discovery of Novel Obesity Genes [2018]
• United Kingdom
  • Scientific Reports
    • Sex-specific moderation by lifestyle and psychosocial factors on the genetic contributions to adiposity in 112,151 individuals from UK Biobank [2019]
• United States of America
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Behavior, environment, and genetic factors all have a role in causing people to be overweight and obese
  • Endocrine Society
    • Obesity Pathogenesis: An Endocrine Society Scientific Statement [2017]
  • Journal of Obesity
    • Genetics of Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes in African Americans [2013]
  • National Academies Press
    • Examining a Developmental Approach to Childhood Obesity [2015]
  • Obesity
    • NIH working group report—using genomic information to guide weight management: From universal to precision treatment [2015]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Obesity, weight loss

Obesity: pharmacologic treatment

• Australia
  • Australian Family Physician
    • Pharmacotherapy for obesity [2017]
• Europe
  • European Association for the Study of Obesity
    • 2014 EASO Position Statement on the Use of Anti-Obesity Drugs [2015]
  • European Medicines Agency
    • Guideline on clinical evaluation of medicinal products used in weight management [2016]
• India
  • Association of Physicians of India
    • Pharmacotherapy of Obesity [2017]
• International
  • BMC Medicine
    • Post-marketing withdrawal of anti-obesity medicinal products because of adverse drug reactions: a systematic review [2016]
• Saudi Arabia
  • Scientific World Journal
    • Safety Evaluation of Local Weight-Gain Formulas in the Saudi Arabian Markets [2015]
• United Kingdom
  • National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
    • Obese, overweight with risk factors: liraglutide (Saxenda) [2017]
    • Naltrexone–bupropion for managing overweight and obesity [2017]
• United States of America
  • Endocrine Society
    • Pharmacological management of obesity: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline [2015]
  • Obesity
    • Treatment of obesity: Pharmacotherapy trends in the United States from 1999 to 2010 [2015]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Obesity, weight loss

Obesity: prevention

• Australia
  • Health Promotion International
    • A snapshot of the scope of obesity prevention practice in Australia [2015]
• China
  • Obesity Reviews
    • Program and Policy Options for Preventing Obesity in China [2013]
• Europe
  • WHO Regional Office for Europe
    • Good practice appraisal tool for obesity prevention programmes, projects, initiatives and interventions [2011]
• Fiji
  • BioMed Research International
    • Perspectives of Fijian Policymakers on the Obesity Prevention Policy Landscape [2015]
• United Kingdom
  • National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
    • Obesity: working with local communities [2017]
    • Obesity: clinical assessment and management [2016]
    • Obesity in adults: prevention and lifestyle weight management programmes [2016]
• United States of America
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Strategies to Prevent Obesity
  • Preventing Chronic Disease: Public Health Research, Practice and Policy
    • Supporting Obesity Prevention in Statewide Quality Rating and Improvement Systems: A Review of State Standards [2017]
    • Tools for Identifying and Prioritizing Evidence-Based Obesity Prevention Strategies, Colorado [2013]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Obesity, weight loss

Obesity: surgical treatment

• Australia
  • Australian Family Physician
    • Management of bariatric patients beyond the scalpel [2017]
    • Bariatric–metabolic surgery: A guide for the primary care physician [2017]
    • The bariatric surgery patient – nutrition considerations [2013]
  • Australian Institute of Health and Welfare
    • Weight loss surgery in Australia 2014–15: Australian hospital statistics [2017]
  • Medical Services Advisory Committee
    • Endoscopic placement and removal of an intra-gastric balloon (IGB) for the management of overweight and obesity in a high-risk patient [2019]
• Canada
  • Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health
    • Bariatric Surgery for the Long-Term Treatment of Obesity: A Review of the Clinical Effectiveness and Cost-Effectiveness [2016]
    • Obstetric, Neonatal, and Child Outcomes for Women with Previous Bariatric Surgery: A Review of the Clinical Evidence [2014]
    • Bariatric Surgical Procedures for Obese and Morbidly Obese Patients: A Review of Comparative Clinical and Cost-Effectiveness, and Guidelines [2014]
• Denmark
  • Nordic Federation of Societies of Obstetrics and Gynecology
    • Pregnancy after bariatric surgery [2017]
• Europe
  • European Association for the Study of Obesity
    • Practical Recommendations of the Obesity Management Task Force of the European Association for the Study of Obesity for the Post-Bariatric Surgery Medical Management [2017]
    • Interdisciplinary European Guidelines on Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery [2013]
  • European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition
    • Indications and limitations of bariatric intervention in severely obese children and adolescents with and without nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: ESPGHAN Hepatology committee position statement [2015]
  • Obesity Surgery
    • Clinical Indications, Utilization, and Funding of Bariatric Surgery in Europe [2014]
  • WHO Regional Office for Europe
    • Do surgical interventions to treat obesity in children and adolescents have long- versus short-term advantages and are they cost-effective? [2012]
• International
  • Enhanced Recovery After Surgery
    • Guidelines for Perioperative Care in Bariatric Surgery: Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Society Recommendations [2016]
  • International Federation for the Surgery of Obesity and Metabolic Disorders
    • Recommendations for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery During the COVID-19 Pandemic from IFSO [2020]
• Japan
  • Journal of Gastroenterology
    • Current status of bariatric surgery in Japan and effectiveness in obesity and diabetes [2014]
• Netherlands
  • Netherlands Journal of Medicine
    • Bariatric surgery is an effective treatment for morbid obesity [2013]
• Poland
  • Polish Journal of Surgery
    • Recommendations for the standards of equipping of the Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery Center [2018]
• Republic of Korea
  • Endocrinology and Metabolism
    • Metabolic Surgery in Korea: What to Consider before Surgery [2017]
    • Current Status of Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery in Korea [2016]
  • Obesity Surgery
    • Nationwide Survey on Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery in Korea: 2003–2013 Results [2016]
• Spain
  • Cirugía Española (English Edition)
    • Quality Criteria in Bariatric Surgery: Consensus Review and Recommendations of the Spanish Association of Surgeons and the Spanish Society of Bariatric Surgery [2017]
• United Kingdom
  • British Obesity and Metabolic Surgery Society
    • Bariatric Infrastructure Survey [2015]
    • BOMSS Guidelines on perioperative and postoperative biochemical monitoring and micronutrient replacement for patients undergoing bariatric surgery [2014]
  • Health Technology Assessment
    • Bariatric surgery, lifestyle interventions and orlistat for severe obesity: the REBALANCE mixed-methods systematic review and economic evaluation [2018]
  • JRSM Open
    • Eligibility for bariatric surgery among adults in England: analysis of a national cross-sectional survey [2014]
  • National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
    • Single-anastomosis duodeno-ileal bypass with sleeve gastrectomy for treating morbid obesity [2016]
    • Laparoscopic gastric plication for the treatment of severe obesity [2012]
  • NHS England
    • Specialised and complex obesity surgery for children [2017]
    • Obesity surgery for children with severe complex obesity [2017]
    • Complex and Specialised Obesity Surgery [2013]
  • NIHR Journals Library
    • Costs and outcomes of increasing access to bariatric surgery for obesity: cohort study and cost-effectiveness analysis using electronic health records [2016]
  • PLoS Medicine
    • Bariatric Surgery in the United Kingdom: A Cohort Study of Weight Loss and Clinical Outcomes in Routine Clinical Care [2015]
  • Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Bariatric Surgery in the Management of Female Fertility, The Role of [2015]
  • Welsh Health Specialised Services Committee
    • Bariatric Surgery [2018]
• United States of America
  • Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
    • Short- and Long-Term Outcomes After Bariatric Surgery in the Medicare Population [2018]
  • American Academy of Pediatrics
    • Pediatric Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery: Evidence, Barriers, and Best Practices [2019]
    • Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery for Pediatric Patients With Severe Obesity [2019]
  • American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists
    • Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Perioperative Nutrition, Metabolic, and Nonsurgical Support of Patients Undergoing Bariatric Procedures – 2019 Update: Cosponsored by American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists/American College of Endocrinology, The Obesity Society, American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery, Obesity Medicine Association, and American Society of Anesthesiologists [2020]
  • Endocrine Society
    • Endocrine and Nutritional Management of the Post-Bariatric Surgery Patient: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline [2010]
  • Implementation Science
    • Bariatric surgery implementation trends in the USA from 2002 to 2012 [2016]
  • Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology
    • Beyond BMI: the need for new guidelines governing the use of bariatric and metabolic surgery [2014]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Obesity, weight loss