Obstetrics, gynecology, andrology, sexual and reproductive health

Maternal and neonatal infections

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Neonatal infections

Africa, Asia

• BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
  • Treatment of neonatal infections: a multi-country analysis of health system bottlenecks and potential solutions [2015]

Australia

• Clinical Excellence Commission
  • Newborn Antibiotic Guideline for early and late onset sepsis during birth episode of care [2018]

Brazil

• Archives of Public Health
  • Neonatal healthcare-associated infections in Brazil: systematic review and meta-analysis [2021]

• Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo
  • Trend in infant mortality rate caused by sepsis in Brazil from 2009 to 2018 [2021]

Canada

• Canadian Paediatric Society
  • Reducing perinatal infection risk in newborns of mothers who received inadequate prenatal care [2023]
  • Management of well-appearing febrile young infants aged <=90 days [2023]
  • Management of term infants at increased risk for early onset bacterial sepsis [2017]
  • Preventing ophthalmia neonatorum [2015]

• Children
  • Neonates with Maternal Colonization of Carbapenemase-Producing, Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae: A Mini-Review and a Suggested Guide for Preventing Neonatal Infection [2021]

• Neonatology
  • Decreasing Trend in Incidence of Late Onset Culture Positive Bloodstream Infections but Not Late Onset Meningitis in Preterm Infants <33 Weeks Gestation in Canadian Neonatal Intensive Care Unit [2022]

• Perinatal Services BC
  • Prevention and Management of Ophthalmia Neonatorum Caused by Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae [2018]

• Public Health Ontario
  • Ophthalmia Neonatorum

China

• Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials
  • Systematic review of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae causing neonatal sepsis in China [2019]

• Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control
  • Pathogens distribution and antimicrobial resistance in bloodstream infections in twenty-five neonatal intensive care units in China, 2017–2019 [2021]

• Chinese Medical Journal
  • Neonatal sepsis: within and beyond China [2020]

• International Journal of Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology and microbiology of late-onset sepsis among preterm infants in China, 2015–2018: A cohort study [2020]

• Italian Journal of Pediatrics
  • The impact of early empirical antibiotics treatment on clinical outcome of very preterm infants: a nationwide multicentre study in China [2023]

• PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
  • The epidemiology and disease burden of congenital TORCH infections among hospitalized children in China: A national cross-sectional study [2022]

Croatia

• Medical Science Monitor
  • A Survey of Current Prophylactic Treatment for Ophthalmia Neonatorum in Croatia and a Review of International Preventive Practices [2018]

Developing countries

• BioMed Research International
  • A Systemic Review and Meta-analysis of the Leading Pathogens Causing Neonatal Sepsis in Developing Countries [2021]

• BMC Public Health
  • The effect of umbilical cord cleansing with chlorhexidine on omphalitis and neonatal mortality in community settings in developing countries: a meta-analysis [2013]

• Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases
  • Rational development of guidelines for management of neonatal sepsis in developing countries [2015]

• Heliyon
  • Unfinished agenda of the neonates in developing countries: magnitude of neonatal sepsis: systematic review and meta-analysis [2019]

• International Journal of Health Sciences
  • Effect of chlorhexidine cord application on prevention of neonatal sepsis in developing countries: Systematic review and meta-analysis [2019]

• Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
  • Empiric Treatment of Neonatal Sepsis in Developing Countries [2015]

Ethiopia

• BMC Pediatrics
  • Neonatal sepsis and its association with birth weight and gestational age among admitted neonates in Ethiopia: systematic review and meta-analysis [2020]

• Heliyon
  • The burden of neonatal sepsis and its association with antenatal urinary tract infection and intra-partum fever among admitted neonates in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2021]

• International Journal of Pediatrics
  • Prevalence of Neonatal Sepsis in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2020]

Europe

• Antibiotics
  • Variations in Antibiotic Use and Sepsis Management in Neonatal Intensive Care Units: A European Survey [2021]

• BMC Pediatrics
  • High variability in the dosing of commonly used antibiotics revealed by a Europe-wide point prevalence study: implications for research and dissemination [2015]

• European Society for Paediatric Research
  • Neonatal sepsis definitions from randomised clinical trials [2023]
  • Neonatal sepsis: a systematic review of core outcomes from randomised clinical trials [2022]
  • Neonatal sepsis: need for consensus definition, collaboration and core outcomes [2020]
  • Challenges in developing a consensus definition of neonatal sepsis [2020]

• European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
  • ESCMID-ECMM guideline: diagnosis and management of invasive aspergillosis in neonates and children [2019]

• European Standards of Care for Newborn Health
  • Management of suspected early-onset neonatal sepsis (EONS)

• WHO European Region
  • Equivalence trials for sepsis in newborns and young infants: review of the statistical aspects of trials claiming [2021]

France

• Archives of Disease in Childhood
  • Therapeutic guidelines for prescribing antibiotics in neonates should be evidence-based: a French national survey [2015]

• EuroSurveillance
  • Severe and fatal neonatal infections linked to a new variant of echovirus 11, France, July 2022 to April 2023 [2023]

Haiti

• PLoS ONE
  • Early warning for healthcare acquired infections in neonatal care units in a low-resource setting using routinely collected hospital data: The experience from Haiti, 2014-2018 [2022]

Hong Kong

• Hong Kong Medical Journal
  • Congenital infections in Hong Kong: beyond TORCH [2020]
  • Congenital infections in Hong Kong: an overview of TORCH [2020]

• Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
  • Epidemiologic Changes of Neonatal Early-onset Sepsis After the Implementation of Universal Maternal Screening for Group B Streptococcus in Hong Kong [2023]

India

• Indian Pediatrics
  • Factors Associated With Neonatal Pneumonia and its Mortality in India: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2021]

• PLoS ONE
  • Risk factors of neonatal sepsis in India: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2019]

International

• Archives of Disease in Childhood
  • Global incidence and mortality of neonatal sepsis: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2021]

• Bulletin of the World Health Organization
  • Antibiotics needed to treat multidrug-resistant infections in neonates [2022]

• EClinicalMedicine
  • A global point prevalence survey of antimicrobial use in neonatal intensive care units: The no-more-antibiotics and resistance (NO-MAS-R) study [2021]

• Frontiers in Pediatrics
  • Stratified Management for Bacterial Infections in Late Preterm and Term Neonates: Current Strategies and Future Opportunities Toward Precision Medicine [2021]

• Frontiers in Pharmacology
  • Simplified Dosing Regimens for Gentamicin in Neonatal Sepsis [2021]

• Frontiers in Public Health
  • Global, regional, and national incidence and mortality of neonatal sepsis and other neonatal infections, 1990-2019 [2023]

• Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
  • Oral antibiotics for neonatal infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2019]

• Lancet Infectious Diseases
  • Estimates of possible severe bacterial infection in neonates in sub-Saharan Africa, south Asia, and Latin America for 2012: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2014]

• Paediatrics and International Child Health
  • Reviewing the WHO guidelines for antibiotic use for sepsis in neonates and children [2018]

• Pediatric Research
  • Neonatal multidrug-resistant gram-negative infection: epidemiology, mechanisms of resistance, and management [2022]

• PLoS Medicine
  • Prevalence and clonal diversity of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae causing neonatal infections: A systematic review of 128 articles across 30 countries [2023]

• Vaccine
  • Neonatal infections: Case definition and guidelines for data collection, analysis, and presentation of immunisation safety data [2016]

Iran

• PLoS ONE
  • Neonatal sepsis in Iran: A systematic review and meta-analysis on national prevalence and causative pathogens [2020]

Italy

• BMC Pediatrics
  • The use of ciprofloxacin and fluconazole in Italian neonatal intensive care units: a nationwide survey [2013]

• Italian Journal of Pediatrics
  • UPDATE - 2022 Italian guidelines on the management of bronchiolitis in infants [2023]
  • Antibiotic prophylaxis for ophthalmia neonatorum in Italy: results from a national survey and the Italian intersociety new position statements [2023]
  • Secondary prevention of early-onset sepsis: a less invasive Italian approach for managing neonates at risk [2018]
  • Revised recommendations concerning palivizumab prophylaxis for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) [2015]
  • Inter-society consensus document on treatment and prevention of bronchiolitis in newborns and infants [2014]

Japan

• Scientific Reports
  • Prevalence of infectious diseases in preterm infants: a 2-year follow-up from the Japan Environment and Children's Study [2022]

Kuwait

• BMC Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiological contamination of mobile phones of clinicians in intensive care units and neonatal care units in public hospitals in Kuwait [2015]

Latvia

• Medicina
  • Antimicrobial usage among hospitalized children in Latvia: A neonatal and pediatric antimicrobial point prevalence survey [2014]

Low and middle income countries

• BMJ Paediatrics Open
  • Systematic review and meta-analysis of the diagnostic value of four biomarkers in detecting neonatal sepsis in low- and middle-income countries [2023]

• EClinicalMedicine
  • Infection prevention and care bundles addressing health care-associated infections in neonatal care in low-middle income countries: a scoping review [2022]

• Nature Microbiology
  • Characterization of antimicrobial-resistant Gram-negative bacteria that cause neonatal sepsis in seven low- and middle-income countries [2021]

• Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
  • The Impact of Interventions to Prevent Neonatal Healthcare-associated Infections in Low- and Middle-income Countries: A Systematic Review [2022]

• Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Respiratory infections in children born preterm in low and middle-income countries: A systematic review [2022]

• PLoS Medicine
  • Gram-negative neonatal sepsis in low- and lower-middle-income countries and WHO empirical antibiotic recommendations: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2021]

Low-income countries

• BMC Infectious Diseases
  • Burden of bacterial resistance among neonatal infections in low income countries: how convincing is the epidemiological evidence? [2015]

Nepal

• Archives of Public Health
  • Epidemiology of neonatal infections in hospitals of Nepal: evidence from a large- scale study [2020]

• BMC Infectious Diseases
  • Adherence to World Health Organisation guidelines for treatment of early onset neonatal sepsis in low-income settings; a cohort study in Nepal [2020]

Netherlands

• Acta Paediatrica
  • Multicentre study found that adherence to national antibiotic recommendations for neonatal early-onset sepsis was low [2021]
  • Neonatal early-onset sepsis calculator recommended significantly less empiric antibiotic treatment than national guidelines [2020]

• EClinicalMedicine
  • Neonatal early-onset infections: Comparing the sensitivity of the neonatal early-onset sepsis calculator to the Dutch and the updated NICE guidelines in an observational cohort of culture-positive cases [2022]

New Zealand

• Starship
  • Infection (congenital) [2020]
  • Immunisation - cold chain management for newborn services [2020]
  • Immunisation - an overview for Newborn Services [2020]
  • Conjunctivitis in the neonate [2020]
  • Antibiotics - for neonatal sepsis [2019]
  • Antibiotics - surgical wound prophylaxis in neonates [2018]

Nicaragua

• International Journal for Quality in Health Care
  • Quality in practice: preventing and managing neonatal sepsis in Nicaragua [2013]

Norway

• Archives of Disease in Childhood. Fetal and Neonatal Edition
  • Late-onset sepsis in very preterm infants in Norway in 2009-2018: a population-based study [2023]

OECD countries

• Journal of Clinical Medicine
  • Neonate Bloodstream Infections in Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development Countries: An Update on Epidemiology and Prevention [2019]

Republic of Korea

• Journal of Korean Medical Science
  • Blood Culture Proven Early Onset Sepsis and Late Onset Sepsis in Very-Low-Birth-Weight Infants in Korea [2015]

Spain

• Anales de Pediatría (English Edition)
  • Nirsevimab for the prevention of respiratory syncytial virus disease in children. Statement of the Spanish Society of Paediatric Infectious Disease (SEIP) [2023]

Sub-Saharan Africa

• BMJ Open
  • Risk factors for neonatal sepsis in Sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review with meta-analysis [2022]

• Lancet Infectious Diseases
  • Maternal and early onset neonatal bacterial sepsis: burden and strategies for prevention in sub-Saharan Africa [2009]

Switzerland

• Swiss Society of Neonatology
  • Recommendations for term and late preterm infants at risk for perinatal bacterial infection [2013]

Turkey

• Pediatrics and Neonatology
  • The prevalence and diagnostic criteria of health-care associated infections in neonatal intensive care units in Turkey: A multicenter point- prevalence study [2021]

• Turkish Archives of Pediatrics
  • Turkish Neonatal Society guideline on neonatal infections-diagnosis and treatment [2019]

United Kingdom

• Archives of Disease in Childhood. Fetal and Neonatal Edition
  • Screening for early onset neonatal sepsis: NICE guidance-based practice versus projected application of the Kaiser Permanente sepsis risk calculator in the UK population [2020]

• GG&C Paediatric Guidelines
  • Virological assessment of fetuses and neonates
  • Immunisation guideline for neonates
  • Eye infections in the neonate: Ophthalmia Neonatorum and the management of systemic Gonococcal and Chlamydial infections
  • Antibiotic guidelines for the neonatal unit

• Health Technology Assessment
  • Antimicrobial-impregnated central venous catheters for preventing neonatal bloodstream infection: the PREVAIL RCT [2020]

• Infant
  • Neonatal early onset sepsis: a reflection on the NICE guidance [2016]

• National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
  • Neonatal infection: antibiotics for prevention and treatment [2021]
  • Evidence reviews for maternal and neonatal risk factors for late-onset neonatal infection [2021]
  • Evidence reviews for maternal and neonatal risk factors for early-onset neonatal infection [2021]
  • Evidence review for timing of delivery to reduce the risk of early-onset neonatal infection [2021]
  • Evidence review for investigations before starting treatment for late-onset neonatal infection [2021]
  • Evidence review for intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis for reducing early-onset neonatal infection [2021]
  • Evidence review for information and support for parents and carers of babies with late-onset neonatal infection [2021]
  • Evidence review for antibiotics for treating late-onset neonatal infection [2021]
  • Evidence review for antibiotic-impregnated catheters for reducing late-onset neonatal infection [2021]
  • Neonatal infection [2014]

• PLoS ONE
  • Linking surveillance and clinical data for evaluating trends in bloodstream infection rates in neonatal units in England [2019]

• UK Health Security Agency
  • Infection prevention and control: incubators on neonatal units

United States

• American Academy of Pediatrics
  • Risks of Infectious Diseases in Newborns Exposed to Alternative Perinatal Practices [2022]
  • Management of Neonates Born at >=35 0/7 Weeks’ Gestation With Suspected or Proven Early-Onset Bacterial Sepsis [2018]
  • Management of Neonates Born at <=34 6/7 Weeks’ Gestation With Suspected or Proven Early-Onset Bacterial Sepsis [2018]
  • Umbilical Cord Care in the Newborn Infant [2016]
  • Strategies for Prevention of Health Care–Associated Infections in the NICU [2016]
  • Epidemiology and Diagnosis of Health Care–Associated Infections in the NICU [2016]

• Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
  • Association between Vancomycin Trough Concentration and Area under the Concentration-Time Curve in Neonates [2014]

• Clinics in Perinatology
  • New Antibiotic Dosing [2014]

• Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology
  • The Association of State Legal Mandates for Data Submission of Central Line-associated Blood Stream Infections in Neonatal Intensive Care Units with Process and Outcome Measures [2014]

• Journal of Pediatrics
  • Reappraisal of Guidelines for Management of Neonates with Suspected Early-Onset Sepsis [2015]

• Journal of Perinatology
  • Respiratory syncytial virus hospitalizations in US preterm infants after the 2014 change in immunoprophylaxis guidance by the American Academy of Pediatrics [2020]
  • Early-onset sepsis in term infants admitted to neonatal intensive care units (2011–2016) [2020]

• National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
  • Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profiles Among Neonatal Early-onset Sepsis Pathogens [2022]
  • Impact of Early-Onset Sepsis and Antibiotic Use on Death or Survival with Neurodevelopmental Impairment at 2 Years of Age among Extremely Preterm Infants [2020]
  • Early-Onset Neonatal Sepsis 2015 to 2017, the Rise of Escherichia coli, and the Need for Novel Prevention Strategies [2020]
  • Prolonged duration of early antibiotic therapy in extremely premature infants [2019]
  • Incidence of early-onset sepsis in infants born to women with clinical chorioamnionitis [2018]
  • Late-onset Sepsis in Extremely Premature Infants: 2000-2011 [2017]
  • Late-onset sepsis in very low birth weight infants from singleton and multiple-gestation births [2013]
  • Early sepsis does not increase the risk of late sepsis in very low birth weight neonates [2013]

• National Perinatal Association
  • National Perinatal Association 2018 Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Prevention Clinical Practice Guideline: An Evidence-Based Interdisciplinary Collaboration [2017]

• Pediatrics
  • Role of Guidelines on Length of Therapy in Chorioamnionitis and Neonatal Sepsis [2014]

• Policy, Politics, & Nursing Practice
  • Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease: Immunoprophylaxis Policy Review and Public Health Concerns in Preterm and Young Infants [2021]

• Seminars in Perinatology
  • Infection control and other stewardship strategies in late onset sepsis, necrotizing enterocolitis, and localized infection in the neonatal intensive care unit [2020]

• Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine
  • SMFM Statement: Clinical considerations for the prevention of respiratory syncytial virus disease in infants [2023]

• Society of Critical Care Medicine
  • American College of Critical Care Medicine Clinical Practice Parameters for Hemodynamic Support of Pediatric and Neonatal Septic Shock [2017]

Vietnam

• BMC Pediatrics
  • Reducing neonatal infections in south and south central Vietnam: the views of healthcare providers [2013]

WHO

• World Health Organization
  • Paediatric drug optimization for antibiotics [2023]
  • Operationalizing management of sick young infants with possible serious bacterial infection (PSBI) when referral is not feasible in the context of existing maternal, newborn, and child health programmes [2017]
  • Managing possible serious bacterial infection in young infants 0–59 days old when referral is not feasible: WHO/UNICEF joint statement [2017]
  • Guideline: managing possible serious bacterial infection in young infants when referral is not feasible [2015]
  • Newborn infections

{Related topics}

• Topic
  • Zika virus infection in pregnancy and newborn
  • Tuberculosis in pregnancy
  • Trichomoniasis in pregnancy
  • Toxoplasmosis
  • Tetanus in pregnancy and newborn
  • Rubella
  • Obstetrics, perinatology
  • Neonatology
  • Malaria in pregnancy
  • Infections in pregnancy
  • Herpes infections in pregnancy and newborn
  • Hepatitis in pregnancy and newborn
  • Hepatitis
  • HIV/AIDS in pregnancy and newborn
  • HIV/AIDS
  • Group B streptococcal infections
  • Gonorrhea in pregnancy and newborn
  • Genital infections, sexually transmitted diseases
  • Cytomegalovirus
  • Congenital syphilis, syphilis in pregnancy
  • Chlamydia infection in pregnancy
  • Candidiasis in pregnancy and newborn
  • Bacterial vaginosis in pregnancy