Obstetrics, gynecology and reproductive medicine guidelines

Pregnancy

Guidelines, reviews, statements, recommendations, standards

Autoimmune diseases in pregnancy

• Articles in journals
  • Clinical Medicine & Research
    • Lupus and Pregnancy: Complex Yet Manageable [2006]
  • Journal of Cell Science
    • Multi-lineage potential of fetal cells in maternal tissue: a legacy in reverse [2005]
  • Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation
    • Pregnancy of a lupus patient--a challenge to the nephrologist [2005]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Obstetrics, perinatology
    • Miscarriage

Bleeding in pregnancy, placenta diseases

• Australia
  • Women & Newborn Health Service - Western Australia
    • Antepartum Haemorrhage - Medical Management [2006]
• Australia, New Zealand
  • Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Placenta accreta [2007]
• Canada
  • Chronic Diseases in Canada
    • The occurrence of abruptio placentae in Canada: 1990 to 1997 [2004]
  • Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada
    • Guidelines for the management of vasa previa [2009]
    • Diagnosis and Management of Placenta Previa [2007]
    • Hemorrhagic Shock [2002]
• International
  • Cochrane Library
    • Interventions for treating placental abruption [2009]
    • Interventions for suspected placenta praevia [2009]
• South Africa
  • Maternal Care Manual - Perinatal Education Programme
    • Antepartum haemorrhage [2006]
• United Kingdom
  • Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Placenta Praevia and Placenta Praevia Accreta: Diagnosis and Management [2005]
  • UK National Screening Committee
    • Placenta praevia screening [2006]
• United States of America
  • American College of Radiology
    • Second and Third Trimester Bleeding [2005]
  • National Guideline Clearinghouse
    • Diagnosis and management of placenta previa. Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada [2007]
    • Role of imaging in second and third trimester bleeding. American College of Radiology [2005]
    • Placenta praevia and placenta praevia accreta: diagnosis and management. Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists [2005]
• WHO
  • WHO Reproductive Health Library
    • Interventions for suspected placenta praevia [2006]
• Articles in journals
  • American Family Physician
    • Late Pregnancy Bleeding [2007]
  • Annals Academy of Medicine Singapore
    • Lessons learnt from two women with morbidly adherent placentas and a review of literature [2007]
  • British Medical Journal
    • Obstetric emergencies [1999]
  • Journal of the American Board of Family Practice
    • Vasa Previa Diagnosis and Management [2003]
  • Singapore Medical Journal
    • Ultrasonographical features of morbidly-adherent placentas [2007]
• {Related topics}
  • Clinical tools, medical calculators, unit conversions, statistics, clinical research tools
    • Abruptio placentae : Clinical tools, medical calculators
  • Guidelines
    • Postpartum hemorrhage
    • Obstetrics, perinatology

Cardiovascular diseases in pregnancy

• Australia
  • Women & Newborn Health Service - Western Australia
    • Cardiac Disease in Pregnancy [2006]
• International
  • Cochrane Library
    • Interventions for varicosities and leg oedema in pregnancy [2009]
• United Kingdom
  • Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Heart Disease and Pregnancy [2006]
• Articles in journals
  • British Journal of Anaesthesia
    • Recognition and management of maternal cardiac disease in pregnancy [2004]
  • British Medical Journal
    • Resuscitation in pregnancy [2003]
    • Pregnancy complications and maternal cardiovascular risk: opportunities for intervention and screening? [2002]
  • Canadian Family Physician
    • Prosthetic heart valves and management during pregnancy [2009]
  • Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine
    • Cardiovascular problems and pregnancy: An approach to management [2004]
  • Heart
    • Risks of contraception and pregnancy in heart disease [2006]
    • Pregnancy in heart disease [2004]
  • Postgraduate Medical Journal
    • Congenital heart disease in pregnancy [2005]
  • Postgraduate Medicine
    • Peripartum cardiomyopathy [2008]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Obstetrics, perinatology
    • Embolism and thrombosis in pregnancy

Digestive system diseases in pregnancy

• Australia
  • Women & Newborn Health Service - Western Australia
    • Cholestasis in Pregnancy [2008]
• International
  • Cochrane Library
    • Interventions for treating constipation in pregnancy [2009]
    • Interventions for treating cholestasis in pregnancy [2009]
    • Interventions for heartburn in pregnancy [2009]
• United Kingdom
  • Perinatal Institute
    • Obstetric Cholestasis [2001]
  • Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Obstetric Cholestasis [2006]
• United States of America
  • American Gastroenterological Association
    • American Gastroenterological Association Institute - Technical Review on the Use of Gastrointestinal Medications in Pregnancy [2006]
    • American Gastroenterological Association Institute - Medical Position Statement on the Use of Gastrointestinal Medications in Pregnancy [2006]
  • National Guideline Clearinghouse
    • Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment, and use of laparoscopy for surgical problems during pregnancy. Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons [2007]
    • Obstetric cholestasis. Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists [2006]
    • American Gastroenterological Association Institute medical position statement on the use of gastrointestinal medications in pregnancy [2006]
    • ASGE guideline: guidelines for endoscopy in pregnant and lactating women [2005]
  • Society of American Gastrointestinal Endoscopic Surgeons
    • Guidelines for Laparoscopic Surgery During Pregnancy [2007]
• Articles in journals
  • Canadian Family Physician
    • Hemorrhoids in pregnancy [2008]
    • Effects and treatment of inflammatory bowel disease during pregnancy [2008]
    • Celiac disease during pregnancy [2004]
    • Appendicitis during pregnancy [2004]
  • Gut
    • Fertility and pregnancy in the patient with inflammatory bowel disease [2006]
  • Journal of the American Board of Family Practice
    • Appendicitis in Pregnancy [2006]
  • Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases
    • Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy [2007]
  • QJM
    • Severe hepatic dysfunction in pregnancy [2002]
  • World Journal of Gastroenterology
    • Management of inflammatory bowel disease in the pregnant patient [2008]
    • Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy-current achievements and unsolved problems [2008]
    • Fertility and pregnancy in inflammatory bowel disease [2001]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Obstetrics, perinatology
    • Nausea and vomiting in pregnancy, hyperemesis gravidarum

Disorders of environmental origin in pregnancy

• Netherlands
  • Health Council of the Netherlands
    • Trichloroacetic acid; Evaluation of the effects on reproduction, recommendation for classification [2006]
    • Methanol; Evaluation of the effects on reproduction, recommendation for classification [2006]
    • Formic acid; Evaluation of the effects on reproduction, recommendation for classification [2006]
    • Trichloroethylene; evaluation of the effects on reproduction, recommendation for classification [2003]
    • Sulphur dioxide; health-based recommended occupational exposure limit [2003]
    • Diethyleneglycol (mono)alkylethers; evaluation of the effects on reproduction, recommendation for classification [2003]
    • Xylene Evaluation of the effects on reproduction, recommendation for classification [2001]
    • Toluene Evaluation of the effects on reproduction, recommendation for classification [2001]
    • Styrene Evaluation of the effects on reproduction, recommendation for classification [2001]
    • Manganese and its compounds Evaluation of the effects on reproduction, recommendations for classification [2001]
    • Ethylene oxide Evaluation of the effects on reproduction, recommendation for classification [2001]
    • Chromium VI and its compounds. Evaluation of the effects on reproduction, recommendation for classification [2001]
    • Nitrous oxide: Evaluation of the effects on reproduction, recommendation for classification [2000]
    • Mercury and its compounds: Evaluation of the effects on reproduction, recommendation for classification [2000]
    • Lithiumcarbonate and lithiumchloride: Evaluation of the effects on reproduction, recommendation for classification [2000]
    • Halothane: Evaluation of the effects on reproduction, recommendation for classification [2000]
    • Ethanol: Evaluation of the effects on reproduction, recommendation for classification [2000]
    • Chloroform: Evaluation of the effects on reproduction, recommendation for classification [2000]
    • Cadmium and its compounds: Evaluation of the effects on reproduction, recommendation for classification [2000]
    • Selenium and its compounds: Evaluation of the effects on reproduction, recommendation for classification [1999]
    • Hormone disruptors in ecosystems [1999]
    • Copper sulphate: Evaluation of the effects on reproduction, recommendation for classification [1999]
• United States of America
  • Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
    • Screening: Lead Levels in Childhood and Pregnancy [2006]
  • National Guideline Clearinghouse
    • Screening for elevated blood lead levels in children and pregnant women: recommendation statement. United States Preventive Services Task Force [2006]
• Articles in journals
  • British Medical Journal
    • How strong is the evidence of a link between environmental chemicals and adverse effects on human reproductive health? [2004]
  • Cadernos de Saúde Pública
    • Chemical exposure during pregnancy and oral clefts in newborns [2002]
  • Canadian Family Physician
    • Safety of hair products during pregnancy: Personal use and occupational exposure [2008]
    • Non-cancer health effects of pesticides: Systematic review and implications for family doctors [2007]
    • Exposure to electromagnetic fields during pregnancy [2003]
  • Canadian Medical Association Journal
    • DEET-based insect repellents: safety implications for children and pregnant and lactating women [2003]
    • Identifying and managing adverse environmental health effects: 5. Persistent organic pollutants [2002]
  • Environmental Health Perspectives
    • Testicular Dysgenesis Syndrome and the Estrogen Hypothesis: A Quantitative Meta-Analysis [2008]
    • Prenatal Methylmercury Exposure and Developmental Outcomes: Review of the Evidence and Discussion of Future Directions [2006]
    • Perinatal Immunotoxicity: Why Adult Exposure Assessment Fails to Predict Risk [2006]
    • A Review of Nitrates in Drinking Water: Maternal Exposure and Adverse Reproductive and Developmental Outcomes [2006]
    • The Role of Early Life Environmental Risk Factors in Parkinson Disease: What Is the Evidence? [2005]
    • Fetal Environment and Schizophrenia [2005]
    • Developmental Neurotoxicity of Pyrethroid Insecticides: Critical Review and Future Research Needs [2005]
    • Ambient Air Pollution and Pregnancy Outcomes: A Review of the Literature [2005]
    • Neurodevelopment and Endocrine Disruption [2004]
  • Experimental Biology and Medicine
    • Developing a Laboratory Animal Model for Perinatal Endocrine Disruption: The Hamster Chronicles [2002]
  • Pediatrics
    • Screening for Elevated Lead Levels in Childhood and Pregnancy: An Updated Summary of Evidence for the US Preventive Services Task Force [2006]
    • Environmental Causes of Human Congenital Malformations: The Pediatrician's Role in Dealing With These Complex Clinical Problems Caused by a Multiplicity of Environmental and Genetic Factors [2004]
    • Effects of Environmental Exposures on the Cardiovascular System: Prenatal Period Through Adolescence [2004]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Obstetrics, perinatology

Drugs in pregnancy

• Canada
  • Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada
    • Principles of Human Teratology: Drug, Chemical, and Infectious Exposure [2007]
• United States of America
  • CDC Birth Defects
    • Medication Use During Pregnancy and Breastfeeding [Collection of guidelines]
    • Accutane®-Exposed Pregnancies [2000]
  • Organization of Teratology Information Specialists
    • Ongoing Pregnancy Research Studies [Collection of guidelines]
• Articles in journals
  • American Family Physician
    • Over-the-Counter Medications in Pregnancy [2003]
    • Information on Medication Use in Pregnancy [2003]
  • Canadian Family Physician
    • Teratogenicity of lamotrigine [2007]
    • Taking ACE inhibitors during early pregnancy: Is it safe? [2007]
    • Exposure to sibutramine during pregnancy [2007]
    • Are new agents used to treat rheumatoid arthritis safe to take during pregnancy? [2007]
    • Changes in drug handling during pregnancy [2006]
    • Using corticosteroids during pregnancy [2004]
    • Is a fetus a non-consenting patient? [2004]
    • Use of lipid-lowering agents (statins) during pregnancy [2003]
    • Trimethoprim-sulfonamide combination therapy in early pregnancy [2003]
    • Taking bisphosphonates during pregnancy [2003]
    • Safety of colchicine therapy during pregnancy [2003]
    • Use of warfarin during pregnancy [2002]
    • Taking ACE inhibitors during pregnancy [2002]
  • Canadian Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
    • Safety and efficacy of panax ginseng during pregnancy and lactation [2008]
    • Safety and efficacy of cranberry (vaccinium macrocarpon) during pregnancy and lactation [2008]
    • Safety and efficacy of chastetree (Vitex agnus-castus) during pregnancy and lactation [2008]
    • Safety and efficacy of blue cohosh (Caulophyllum thalictroides) during pregnancy and lactation [2008]
    • Safety and efficacy of ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba) during pregnancy and lactation [2006]
    • Safety and efficacy of echinacea (Echinacea angustafolia, e. purpurea and e. pallida) during pregnancy and lactation [2006]
    • Safety and efficacy of black cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa) during pregnancy and lactation [2006]
    • Safety and efficacy of St. John's wort (hypericum) during pregnancy and lactation [2006]
  • Hong Kong Medical Journal
    • Use of ophthalmic medications during pregnancy [2004]
  • Israel Medical Association Journal
    • New Aspects in Placental Drug Transfer [2003]
  • PLoS Medicine
    • What Is the Best Approach to Reducing Birth Defects Associated with Isotretinoin? [2006]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Obstetrics, perinatology
    • Drugs and breastfeeding

Embolism and thrombosis in pregnancy

• Australia, New Zealand
  • Obstetric Medicine Group of Australasia
    • Anticoagulation in pregnancy and the puerperium [2001]
• Canada
  • Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada
    • Prevention and Treatment of Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) in Obstetrics [2000]
  • Thrombosis Interest Group of Canada
    • Unfractionated Heparin [2006]
    • Thrombosis in Pregnancy [2004]
• International
  • Cochrane Library
    • Prophylaxis for venous thromboembolic disease in pregnancy and the early postnatal period [2009]
• United Kingdom
  • Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Thromboembolic Disease in Pregnancy and the Puerperium: Acute Management [2007]
    • Thromboprophylaxis during Pregnancy, Labour and after vaginal delivery [2004]
• United States of America
  • National Guideline Clearinghouse
    • Thromboembolic disease in pregnancy and the puerperium: acute management. Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists [2007]
    • Thromboprophylaxis during pregnancy, labour and after vaginal delivery. Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists [2004]
• Articles in journals
  • American Family Physician
    • Venous Thromboembolism During Pregnancy [2008]
  • Blood
    • Low-molecular-weight heparins for thromboprophylaxis and treatment of venous thromboembolism in pregnancy: a systematic review of safety and efficacy [2005]
    • How we manage venous thromboembolism during pregnancy [2002]
  • British Medical Journal
    • Antithrombotic therapy in special circumstances. I - pregnancy and cancer [2003]
  • Canadian Family Physician
    • Low-molecular-weight heparins during pregnancy [2005]
  • Chest
    • Use of Antithrombotic Agents During Pregnancy: The Seventh ACCP Conference on Antithrombotic and Thrombolytic Therapy [2004]
    • Use of Antithrombotic Agents During Pregnancy [2001]
  • Hematology
    • Management of Pregnant Women with Thrombophilia or a History of Venous Thromboembolism [2007]
    • Anticoagulation Therapy [2001]
  • Mount Sinai Journal of Medicine
    • Anticoagulation in Pregnant Women with Prosthetic Heart Valves [2004]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Cardiovascular diseases in pregnancy

Exercise and pregnancy

• Canada
  • Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada
    • Exercise in pregnancy and the postpartum period [2003]
• International
  • Cochrane Library
    • Aerobic exercise for women during pregnancy [2009]
• United Kingdom
  • Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Exercise in Pregnancy [2006]
• Articles in journals
  • Cadernos de Saúde Pública
    • Physical activity during pregnancy and maternal-child health outcomes: a systematic literature review [2008]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Obstetrics, perinatology

Fetal alcohol syndrome, alcohol in pregnancy

• Australia
  • Centre for Clinical Effectiveness, Monash Medical Centre
    • Treatment Guidelines for Foetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders [2006]
• Australia, New Zealand
  • Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Alcohol in Pregnancy [2008]
• Canada
  • British Columbia Perinatal Health Program
    • Overview: Alcohol Use During the Perinatal Period & Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder [2005]
    • Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD): Screening and Diagnosis [2005]
    • Alcohol Use During the Perinatal Period: Screening and Care of the Mother [2005]
  • Canadian Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
    • Screening and Recording of Alcohol Use Among Women of Child-Bearing Age and Pregnant Women [2009]
  • Canadian Paediatric Society
    • Prevention of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) and Fetal Alcohol Effects (FAE) in Canada [2004]
    • Fetal Alcohol Syndrome [2002]
  • Public Health Agency of Canada
    • Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) [Collection of guidelines]
    • Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder: Canadian guidelines for diagnosis [2005]
    • Best Practices - Fetal Alcohol Syndrome/Fetal Alcohol Effects and the Effects of Other Substance Use During Pregnancy [2001]
  • Toward Optimized Practice
    • Guideline for the diagnosis of fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) [2006]
    • Guideline for the prevention of fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) [2005]
• International
  • Cochrane Library
    • Psychosocial interventions for women enrolled in alcohol treatment during pregnancy. [2009]
    • Pharmacologic Interventions for Pregnant Women Enrolled in Alcohol Treatment [2009]
    • Home visits during pregnancy and after birth for women with an alcohol or drug problem [2009]
• Netherlands
  • Health Council of the Netherlands
    • Risks of alcohol consumption related to conception, pregnancy and breastfeeding [2005]
• New Zealand
  • Auckland District Health Board
    • Alcohol in Pregnancy [2000]
• United Kingdom
  • British Medical Association
    • Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders - a guide for healthcare professionals [2007]
  • Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Alcohol consumption and the outcomes of pregnancy [2006]
• United States of America
  • American Academy of Pediatrics
    • Fetal Alcohol Syndrome and Alcohol-Related Neurodevelopmental Disorders [2000]
  • American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
    • Drinking and Reproductive Health [2006]
  • CDC Birth Defects
    • Fetal Alcohol Syndrome [Collection of guidelines]
    • Guidelines for Identifying and Referring Persons with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome [2005]
    • Central Nervous System Abnormalities Associated with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) [2005]
    • National Task Force on Fetal Alcohol Syndrome and Fetal Alcohol Effect: defining the national agenda for fetal alcohol syndrome and other prenatal alcohol-related effects [2002]
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Motivational Intervention to Reduce Alcohol-Exposed Pregnancies --- Florida, Texas, and Virginia, 1997--2001 [2003]
  • Office of the Surgeon General
    • U.S. Surgeon General Releases Advisory on Alcohol Use in Pregnancy Urges women who are pregnant or who may become pregnant to abstain from alcohol [2005]
  • University of Washington
    • Fetal Alcohol and Drug Unit [Collection of guidelines]
• Articles in journals
  • Alcohol Research and Health
    • Alcohol-Related Birth Defects: An Update [2001]
  • Alcohol and Alcoholism
    • Ophthalmic involvement in the fetal alcohol syndrome: clinical and animal model studies [2002]
    • Commentary on the recommendations of the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists concerning alcohol consumption in pregnancy [1999]
  • American Family Physician
    • Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders [2005]
  • Australian Family Physician
    • Impacts of alcohol use in pregnancy - The role of the GP [2007]
  • Canadian Family Physician
    • Cost of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder in Canada [2007]
    • Exposure to alcohol-containing medications during pregnancy [2006]
    • Screening for fetal alcohol spectrum disorder [2005]
    • Preventing fetal alcohol spectrum disorders [2005]
    • Is it all right to drink a little during pregnancy? [2004]
  • Canadian Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
    • Rural FASD diagnostic services model: Lakeland Centre for fetal alcohol spectrum disorder [2007]
  • Canadian Medical Association Journal
    • Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder [2003]
  • Experimental Biology and Medicine
    • Prenatal Alcohol Exposure and Fetal Programming: Effects on Neuroendocrine and Immune Function [2005]
    • Genesis of Alcohol-Induced Craniofacial Dysmorphism [2005]
    • Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders: An Overview with Emphasis on Changes in Brain and Behavior [2005]
    • Animal Model Systems for the Study of Alcohol Teratology [2005]
    • Alcohol Teratogenesis: Mechanisms of Damage and Strategies for Intervention [2005]
  • Indian Pediatrics
    • Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder [2008]
  • Journal of the American Board of Family Practice
    • Preventing Alcohol-exposed Pregnancies [2006]
  • Medical Journal of Australia
    • National guidelines on alcohol use during pregnancy: a dissenting opinion [2007]
    • A review of policies on alcohol use during pregnancy in Australia and other English-speaking countries, 2006 [2007]
  • PLoS Medicine
    • Protection against Prenatal Alcohol-Induced Damage [2006]
    • Preventing Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder in Aboriginal Communities: A Methods Development Project [2006]
• {Related topics}
  • Clinical tools, medical calculators, unit conversions, statistics, clinical research tools
    • Fetal alcohol syndrome : Clinical tools, medical calculators
  • Guidelines
    • Obstetrics, perinatology

Fetal growth retardation

• Australia
  • Women & Newborn Health Service - Western Australia
    • Small for Gestational Age Fetus [2008]
    • Intrauterine growth restriction [2008]
• International
  • Cochrane Library
    • Transcutaneous electrostimulation for suspected placental insufficiency (diagnosed by Doppler studies) [2009]
    • Regimens of fetal surveillance for impaired fetal growth [2009]
    • Plasma volume expansion for suspected impaired fetal growth [2009]
    • Maternal oxygen administration for suspected impaired fetal growth [2009]
    • Maternal nutrient supplementation for suspected impaired fetal growth [2009]
    • Hormones for suspected impaired fetal growth [2009]
    • Calcium channel blockers for potential impaired fetal growth [2009]
    • Betamimetics for suspected impaired fetal growth [2009]
    • Bed rest in hospital for suspected impaired fetal growth [2009]
  • Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
    • Management of the Child Born Small for Gestational Age through to Adulthood: A Consensus Statement of the International Societies of Pediatric Endocrinology and the Growth Hormone Research Society [2007]
  • Pediatrics
    • International Small for Gestational Age Advisory Board Consensus Development Conference Statement: Management of Short Children Born Small for Gestational Age [2003]
• United Kingdom
  • Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • The Investigation and Management of the Small-for-Gestational-Age Fetus [2002]
• United States of America
  • American College of Radiology
    • Growth Disturbances-Risk of Intrauterine Growth Restriction [2007]
  • National Guideline Clearinghouse
    • Growth disturbances: risk of intrauterine growth restriction. American College of Radiology [2007]
• WHO
  • WHO Reproductive Health Library
    • Support during pregnancy for women at increased risk of low-birth-weight babies [2003]
  • World Health Organization
    • How effective are smoking cessation and nutritional interventions in preventing low birth weight? [2005]
    • Low birthweighth - Country, regional and global estimates [2004]
• Articles in journals
  • American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
    • Nutrition and low birth weight: from research to practice [2004]
    • Fetal nutrition and adult disease [2000]
  • Archives of Disease in Childhood
    • Protein metabolism in preterm infants with particular reference to intrauterine growth restriction [2007]
    • Neonatal anthropometric charts: what they are, what they are not [2007]
    • Management of fetal growth restriction [2007]
    • The late effects of fetal growth patterns [2006]
    • Feeding growth restricted preterm infants with abnormal antenatal Doppler results [2005]
    • Confined placental mosaicism and intrauterine fetal growth [1998]
  • Australian Family Physician
    • Intrauterine growth restriction - diagnosis and management [2005]
  • Biology of Reproduction
    • Endovascular Trophoblast Invasion: Implications for the Pathogenesis of Intrauterine Growth Retardation and Preeclampsia [2003]
    • Angiogenesis in the Placenta [2001]
  • Clinical Chemistry
    • Homocysteine and the Risk of Intrauterine Growth Retardation [2003]
  • Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology
    • Fetal Programming of Adult Kidney Disease: Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms [2007]
  • Endocrine Reviews
    • Small for Gestational Age: Short Stature and Beyond [2007]
    • Endocrine Regulation of Human Fetal Growth: The Role of the Mother, Placenta, and Fetus [2006]
  • European Journal of Endocrinology
    • Intrauterine growth restriction and adult disease: the role of adipocytokines [2009]
    • Metabolic implications of GH treatment in small for gestational age [2007]
  • Journal of Clinical Investigation
    • Maternal-fetal conflict — lessons from a transgene [2002]
  • Journal of Endocrinology
    • The intergenerational effects of fetal programming: non-genomic mechanisms for the inheritance of low birth weight and cardiovascular risk [2004]
  • Journal of Nutrition
    • Regulation of Fetal Growth by the Somatotrophic Axis [2003]
    • Nutritional Interventions during Pregnancy for the Prevention or Treatment of Impaired Fetal Growth: An Overview of Randomized Controlled Trials [2003]
    • Glutamine in the Fetus and Critically Ill Low Birth Weight Neonate: Metabolism and Mechanism of Action [2001]
  • Journal of Physiology
    • Recent observations on the regulation of fetal metabolism by glucose [2006]
    • Programming placental nutrient transport capacity [2006]
    • Placental adaptive responses and fetal programming [2006]
    • Fetal programming of autonomic and HPA function: do people who were small babies have enhanced stress responses? [2006]
    • Evidence for altered placental blood flow and vascularity in compromised pregnancies [2006]
  • Pediatrics
    • Persistent Short Stature, Other Potential Outcomes, and the Effect of Growth Hormone Treatment in Children Who Are Born Small for Gestational Age [2003]
  • Reproduction
    • Endocrine mechanisms of intrauterine programming [2004]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Obstetrics, perinatology

Fetal maturation

• Canada
  • Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada
    • Antenatal Corticosteroid Therapy for Fetal Maturation [2003]
• International
  • Cochrane Library
    • Different corticosteroids and regimens for accelerating fetal lung maturation for women at risk of preterm birth [2009]
    • Antenatal corticosteroids for accelerating fetal lung maturation for women at risk of preterm birth [2009]
• Malaysia
  • Perinatal Society of Malaysia
    • Guideline on the use of Antenatal Corticosteroids to Prevent Respiratory Distress Syndrome [1998]
• United Kingdom
  • Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Antenatal corticosteroids to prevent respiratory distress syndrome [2004]
• United States of America
  • National Guideline Clearinghouse
    • Fetal lung maturity. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists [2008]
    • Antenatal corticosteroids to prevent respiratory distress syndrome. Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists [2004]
• WHO
  • WHO Reproductive Health Library
    • Antenatal administration of corticosteroids for women at risk of preterm birth [2009]
• Articles in journals
  • Clinical Chemistry
    • Standards of laboratory practice: evaluation of fetal lung maturity [1997]
  • European Journal of Endocrinology
    • Prenatal glucocorticoids and long-term programming [2004]
  • Indian Pediatrics
    • Steroids in Perinatology [2002]
  • Israel Medical Association Journal
    • Developmental Assessment of Prematurely Born Children Exposed to Antenatal Corticosteroids [2003]
  • Journal of Endocrinology
    • Developmental regulation of the lung in preparation for life after birth: hormonal and nutritional manipulation of local glucocorticoid action and uncoupling protein-2 [2006]
  • Journal of Physiology
    • Fetal exposure to corticosteroids: how low can we go? [2003]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Premature labor, preterm delivery
    • Obstetrics, perinatology
    • Newborn respiratory tract diseases

Gestational diabetes, pregnancy in diabetics

• Australia, New Zealand
  • Australasian Diabetes in Pregnancy Society
    • The Australasian Diabetes in Pregnancy Society consensus guidelines for the management of type 1 and type 2 diabetes in relation to pregnancy [2005]
    • Guidelines for the management of gestational diabetes mellitus revisited [2002]
    • Gestational diabetes mellitus - management guidelines [1998]
  • Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Diagnosis of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus [2008]
• Canada
  • British Columbia Perinatal Health Program
    • Gestational Diabetes [2001]
    • Diabetes Mellitus and Pregnancy Type 1 & 2 [2001]
  • Dietitians of Canada
    • Recommendations for Nutrition Best Practice in the Management of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus [2006]
  • Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada
    • Teratogenicity Associated With Pre-Existing and Gestational Diabetes [2007]
    • Screening for gestational diabetes mellitus [2002]
• International
  • Cochrane Library
    • Exercise for diabetic pregnant women [2009]
    • Elective delivery in diabetic pregnant women [2009]
    • Dietary advice in pregnancy for preventing gestational diabetes mellitus [2009]
    • Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion versus multiple daily injections of insulin for pregnant women with diabetes [2009]
  • Diabetes Care
    • Summary and Recommendations of the Fifth International Workshop-Conference on Gestational Diabetes Mellitus [2007]
• New Zealand
  • New Zealand College of Midwives
    • Gestational Diabetes [2006]
• United Kingdom
  • Bandolier
    • Diabetes and Congenital Abnormalities [2006]
  • Clinical Resource Efficiency Support Team
    • Management of Diabetes in Pregnancy [2001]
  • Health Technology Assessment
    • Screening for gestational diabetes: a systematic review and economic evaluation [2002]
  • National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence
    • Diabetes in pregnancy [2008]
  • Perinatal Institute
    • Diabetes in Pregnancy [2001]
  • Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network
    • Management of Diabetes [2001]
  • UK National Screening Committee
    • Diabetes screening (in pregnancy) [2006]
• United States of America
  • Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
    • Therapeutic Management, Delivery, and Postpartum Risk Assessment and Screening in Gestational Diabetes [2008]
    • Screening: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus [2008]
  • American Diabetes Association
    • Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus [2008]
    • Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2006 [2006]
    • Preconception Care of Women With Diabetes [2004]
    • Gestational Diabetes Mellitus [2004]
  • National Guideline Clearinghouse
    • Screening for gestational diabetes mellitus. United States Preventive Services Task Force [2008]
    • Diabetes in pregnancy. Management of diabetes and its complications from pre-conception to the postnatal period. National Collaborating Centre for Women's and Children's Health [2008]
    • Teratogenicity associated with pre-existing and gestational diabetes. Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada [2007]
    • Diabetes in pregnancy. In: Prevention, detection and treatment of diabetes in adults. 4th edition. International Diabetes Center [2007]
    • American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists medical guidelines for clinical practice for the management of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes and pregnancy [2007]
    • Pregestational diabetes mellitus. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists [2005]
• Articles in journals
  • American Family Physician
    • Diagnosis and Management of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus [2009]
    • Management of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus [2003]
    • Management of Suspected Fetal Macrosomia [2001]
  • American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
    • Obesity and pregnancy: complications and cost [2000]
    • Carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in pregnancy: normal compared with gestational diabetes mellitus [2000]
  • Australian Family Physician
    • Gestational diabetes - Worth finding and actively treating [2006]
    • Gestational diabetes [2006]
  • Australian Prescriber
    • Metformin in pregnancy and lactation [2007]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Borderline gestational diabetes mellitus and pregnancy outcomes [2008]
  • Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
    • Diet plus insulin compared to diet alone in the treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review [2003]
  • British Medical Journal
    • Outcomes of pregnancy in insulin dependent diabetic women: results of a five year population cohort study [1997]
  • Canadian Family Physician
    • Controversies around gestational diabetes [2005]
    • Breakthrough in treating gestational diabetes mellitus [2004]
    • Preconception care for women with type 1 diabetes [2003]
    • Managing diabetes during pregnancy [2003]
  • Canadian Medical Association Journal
    • Does screening for gestational diabetes mellitus make a difference? [2003]
  • Diabetes Care
    • What Is Gestational Diabetes? [2007]
    • Treatment With Insulin and Its Analogs in Pregnancies Complicated by Diabetes [2007]
    • The Predisposition to Obesity and Diabetes in Offspring of Diabetic Mothers [2007]
    • The Human Placenta in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: The insulin and cytokine network [2007]
    • Recurrence of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A systematic review [2007]
    • Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes in Women With Previous Gestational Diabetes [2007]
    • Pharmacological Management of Gestational Diabetes: An overview [2007]
    • Obstetric Management in Gestational Diabetes [2007]
    • Modified Therapy for Gestational Diabetes Using High-Risk and Low-Risk Fetal Abdominal Circumference Growth to Select Strict Versus Relaxed Maternal Glycemic Targets [2007]
    • Medical Nutrition Therapy and Lifestyle Interventions [2007]
    • Low Birth Weight as a Risk Factor for Gestational Diabetes, Diabetes, and Impaired Glucose Tolerance During Pregnancy [2007]
    • Goals of Metabolic Management of Gestational Diabetes: Is it all about the sugar? [2007]
    • Glyburide for the Treatment of Gestational Diabetes: A critical appraisal [2007]
    • Gestational Diabetes, Pregnancy Hypertension, and Late Vascular Disease [2007]
    • Gestational Diabetes After Delivery: Short-term management and long-term risks [2007]
    • Genetics of Size at Birth [2007]
    • Genetics of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Type 2 Diabetes [2007]
    • Diabetes-Related Autoantibodies and Gestational Diabetes [2007]
    • Contraception After Gestational Diabetes [2007]
    • Point: Yes, It Is Necessary to Rely Entirely on Glycemic Values for the Insulin Treatment of All Gestational Diabetic Women [2003]
    • Counterpoint: Glucose Monitoring in Gestational Diabetes: Lots of heat, not much light [2003]
    • Gestational Diabetes and the Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes: A systematic review [2002]
    • What is the significance of macrosomia? [1999]
    • Implications of new diagnostic criteria for abnormal glucose homeostasis in women with previous gestational diabetes [1999]
    • Effect of selective screening for gestational diabetes [1999]
  • Israel Medical Association Journal
    • Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: What Else Is New? [2004]
  • Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
    • Consequences of Fetal Exposure to Maternal Diabetes in Offspring [2006]
    • Pancreatic B-Cell Defects in Gestational Diabetes: Implications for the Pathogenesis and Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes [2001]
    • Gestational Diabetes: Risk or Myth? [1999]
  • Journal of Clinical Investigation
    • Gestational diabetes mellitus [2005]
  • Journal of Nutrition
    • Gestational Diabetes and Insulin Resistance: Role in Short- and Long-Term Implications for Mother and Fetus [2003]
  • Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience
    • Diabetes mellitus during pregnancy and increased risk of schizophrenia in offspring: a review of the evidence and putative mechanisms [2008]
  • Medical Journal of Australia
    • Gestational diabetes mellitus: from consensus to action on screening and treatment [2005]
    • Metformin therapy and diabetes in pregnancy [2004]
  • Pharmacological Reports
    • Glyburide for the treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus [2008]
• {Related topics}
  • Clinical tools, medical calculators, unit conversions, statistics, clinical research tools
    • Gestational diabetes : Clinical tools, medical calculators
  • Guidelines
    • Obstetrics, perinatology

Hematologic diseases in pregnancy

• Hong Kong
  • Hong Kong College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Guidelines of Antenatal Thalassaemia Screening [2003]
• International
  • Cochrane Library
    • Interventions for treating painful sickle cell crisis during pregnancy [2009]
    • Heparin for pregnant women with acquired or inherited thrombophilias [2009]
    • Antenatal interventions for fetomaternal alloimmune thrombocytopenia [2009]
• United Kingdom
  • Attract
    • Are vitamin B12 injections for megaloblastic anaemia safe to use in pregnancy? [2007]
  • British Society for Haematology
    • Guidelines for the investigation and management of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in adults, children and in pregnancy [2003]
  • Health Technology Assessment
    • Screening for thrombophilia in high-risk situations: systematic review and cost-effectiveness analysis. The Thrombosis: Risk and Economic Assessment of Thrombophilia Screening (TREATS) study [2006]
  • National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence
    • Intraoperative blood cell salvage in obstetrics [2005]
  • NHS Sickle Cell and Thalassaemia Screening Programme
    • NHS Sickle Cell & Thalassaemia Screening Programme - Antenatal Screening Programme [2006]
  • Perinatal Institute
    • Sickle Cell Disease [2001]
  • UK National Screening Committee
    • Thrombophilia screening (in pregnancy) [2006]
    • Fetomaternal alloimmune thrombocytopenia screening [2006]
    • Anaemia screening (in pregnancy) [2006]
• United States of America
  • National Guideline Clearinghouse
    • Anemia in pregnancy. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists [2008]
    • Hemoglobinopathies in pregnancy. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists [2007]
• Articles in journals
  • Blood
    • Clinical management of thrombophilia-related placental vascular complications [2004]
    • How I treat patients with von Willebrand disease [2001]
    • Hydrops Fetalis Caused by alpha Thalassemia: An Emerging Health Care Problem [1998]
  • British Medical Journal
    • Informed choice in genetic screening for thalassaemia during pregnancy: audit from a national confidential inquiry [2000]
  • Hematology
    • Platelets: Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura [2002]
    • Platelets: An Update on Diagnosis and Management of Thrombocytopenic Disorders [2001]
  • Journal of Nutrition
    • An Analysis of Anemia and Pregnancy-Related Maternal Mortality [2001]
  • Journal of Physiology
    • The effects of anaemia as a programming agent in the fetal heart [2005]
  • Journal of the American Board of Family Practice
    • Thrombocytopenia in pregnancy [2002]
  • Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology
    • Thrombophilia and pregnancy [2003]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Obstetrics, perinatology
    • Neonatal hematologic disorders
    • Iron-deficiency anemia in pregnancy
    • Anemia and hemoglobinopathies

Iron-deficiency anemia in pregnancy

• International
  • Cochrane Library
    • Treatments for iron deficiency anaemia in pregnancy [2009]
    • Effects of routine oral iron supplementation with or without folic acid for women during pregnancy [2009]
• WHO
  • WHO Reproductive Health Library
    • Treatments for iron-deficiency anaemia in pregnancy [2007]
    • Effects of routine oral iron supplementation with or without folic acid for women during pregnancy [2007]
    • Treatment for women with postpartum iron-deficiency anaemia [2006]
  • World Health Organization
    • Prevention and control of iron deficiency anaemia in women and children [1999]
• Articles in journals
  • American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
    • Iron status during pregnancy: setting the stage for mother and infant [2005]
    • Intramuscular administration of iron dextran is inappropriate for treatment of moderate pregnancy anemia, both in intervention research on underprivileged women and in routine prenatal care provided by public health services [2004]
    • New evidence that iron supplementation during pregnancy improves birth weight: new scientific questions [2003]
    • Significance of an abnormally low or high hemoglobin concentration during pregnancy: special consideration of iron nutrition [2000]
    • Maternal hemoglobin concentration and birth weight [2000]
    • Iron needs during pregnancy: do we need to rethink our targets? [2000]
    • Effectiveness and strategies of iron supplementation during pregnancy [2000]
    • Anemia and iron deficiency: effects on pregnancy outcome [2000]
  • Journal of Nutrition
    • Iron and Oxidative Stress in Pregnancy [2003]
    • Iron and Copper Interactions in Development and the Effect on Pregnancy Outcome [2003]
    • Is There a Causal Relationship between Iron Deficiency or Iron-Deficiency Anemia and Weight at Birth, Length of Gestation and Perinatal Mortality? [2001]
    • Biological Mechanisms That Might Underlie Iron’s Effects on Fetal Growth and Preterm Birth [2001]
    • The Potential Impact of Iron Supplementation during Adolescence on Iron Status in Pregnancy [2000]
    • Anemia, Iron and Pregnancy Outcome [2000]
  • Medscape Journal of Medicine
    • Iron Deficiency in Pregnancy and the Rationality of Iron Supplements Prescribed During Pregnancy [2008]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Hematologic diseases in pregnancy

Kidney diseases in pregnancy

• Australia, New Zealand
  • Caring for Australasians with Renal Impairment
    • Pregnancy [2006]
• United Kingdom
  • Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Renal Disease in Pregnancy [2008]
• United States of America
  • National Guideline Clearinghouse
    • Pregnancy. Caring for Australasians with Renal Impairment [2006]
• Articles in journals
  • Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation
    • Pregnancy after renal transplantation: points to consider [2002]
    • Pregnancy during dialysis: case report and management guidelines [1998]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Obstetrics, perinatology

Maternal mortality

• Australia
  • National Health and Medical Research Council
    • Report on Maternal Deaths in Australia 1994-96 [2001]
• Canada
  • British Columbia Perinatal Health Program
    • Maternal Mortality Review [2007]
  • Chronic Diseases in Canada
    • Under-reporting of maternal mortality in Canada: A question of definition [2002]
    • Cause-specific mortality during and after pregnancy and the definition of maternal death - CDIC Vol. 23 No. 2, 2002 [2002]
  • Public Health Agency of Canada
    • Special Report on Maternal Mortality and Severe Morbidity in Canada - Enhanced Surveillance: The Path to Prevention [2004]
• Denmark
  • Danish Medical Bulletin
    • Maternal Death and the Millennium Development Goals [2007]
• India
  • Indian Council of Medical Research
    • Estimates of Maternal Mortality Ratios in India and Its States: A Pilot Study [2003]
• International
  • Cochrane Library
    • Critical incident audit and feedback to improve perinatal and maternal mortality and morbidity [2009]
  • Family Health International
    • Maternal Mortality and Morbidity [Collection of guidelines]
  • Global Health Council
    • Promises To Keep: The Toll of Unintended Pregnancies on Women's Lives in the Developing World [2002]
  • International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO)
    • Registration of ALL Maternal Deaths [2006]
  • United Nations Children's Fund - UNICEF
    • Maternal Mortality [2007]
  • United Nations Population Fund
    • Maternal Mortality in 2005 [2007]
    • Maternal Mortality Update 2006 [2007]
    • Maternal Mortality Update 2004 [2005]
• New Zealand
  • Ministry of Health
    • Perinatal and Maternal Mortality Review Committee: Second Report to the Minister of Health: July 2007 to June 200 [2009]
• PAHO
  • Pan American Health Organization
    • PAHO Program Advances and Strategies for Incorporating Gender, Reduction of Maternal Mortality [2003]
    • Monitoring the Reduction of Maternal Morbidity and Mortality [2003]
    • Regional Strategy for Maternal Mortality and Morbidity Reduction [2002]
• South Africa
  • Department of Health
    • Saving Mothers 2005-2007: Fourth Report on Confidential Enquiries into Maternal Deaths in South Africa [2007]
    • Saving Mothers [2007]
• United Kingdom
  • Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Maternal Morbidity and Mortality - study group statement [2002]
• United States of America
  • CDC Reproductive Health
    • Pregnancy-Related Mortality Surveillance --- United States, 1991--1999 [2003]
• WHO
  • World Health Organization
    • Achieving millennium development goal 5: target 5A and 5B on reducing maternal mortality and achieving universal access to reproductive health [2009]
    • Maternal mortality in 2005: Estimates developed by WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA and The World Bank [2007]
    • Maternal Mortality in Vietnam 2000-2001 [2005]
    • Maternal mortality in 2000: Estimates developed by WHO, UNICEF and UNFPA [2004]
    • Beyond the numbers - Reviewing maternal deaths and complications to make pregnancy safer [2004]
    • Maternal mortality in 1995: Estimates developed by WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA [2001]
• Articles in journals
  • American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
    • Nutrition and maternal mortality in the developing world [2000]
  • BMC Medical Research Methodology
    • WHO systematic review of maternal mortality and morbidity: methodological issues and challenges [2004]
  • BMC Public Health
    • National estimates for maternal mortality: an analysis based on the WHO systematic review of maternal mortality and morbidity [2005]
  • British Journal of Anaesthesia
    • Maternal deaths from anaesthesia. An extract from Why Mothers Die 1997-1999, the Confidential Enquiries into Maternal Deaths in the United Kingdom [2002]
  • British Medical Journal
    • Reducing maternal and neonatal mortality in the poorest communities [2004]
    • Introducing criteria based audit into Ugandan maternity units [2003]
    • Reducing maternal mortality: reaudit of recommendations in reports of confidential inquiries into maternal deaths [1998]
  • Bulletin of the World Health Organization
    • Knowledge gaps in scientific literature on maternal mortality: a systematic review [2006]
    • Questioning the indicators of need for obstetric care [2002]
  • Canadian Journal of Anesthesia
    • Maternal morbidity and mortality: anesthetic causes [2002]
  • Canadian Medical Association Journal
    • A broader context for maternal mortality [2006]
  • Health Policy and Planning
    • Tools for monitoring the effectiveness of district maternity referral systems [2001]
    • Safer maternal health in rural Uttar Pradesh: do primary health services contribute? [2001]
  • Medical Journal of Australia
    • Maternal deaths in Australia, 1997–1999 [2004]
  • PLoS Medicine
    • The Battle to Reduce Maternal Deaths in Southern Lima [2006]
  • Reproductive Health
    • WHO systematic review of maternal morbidity and mortality: the prevalence of severe acute maternal morbidity (near miss) [2004]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Obstetrics, perinatology

Multiple pregnancy

• Canada
  • Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada
    • Management of Twin Pregnancies (Part II) [2000]
    • Management of Twin Pregnancies (Part I) [2000]
• Hong Kong
  • Hong Kong College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Guidelines On Management of Multiple Pregnancies: Part II [2006]
    • Guidelines On Management of Multiple Pregnancies: Part I [2006]
• International
  • Cochrane Library
    • Reduction of the number of fetuses for women with triplet and higher order multiple pregnancies [2009]
    • Interventions for the treatment of twin-twin transfusion syndrome [2009]
    • Hospitalisation and bed rest for multiple pregnancy [2009]
    • Elective delivery of women with a twin pregnancy from 37 weeks' gestation [2009]
    • Caesarean delivery for the second twin [2009]
• United Kingdom
  • National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence
    • Septostomy with or without amnioreduction for the treatment of twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome [2006]
    • Intrauterine laser ablation of placental vessels for the treatment of twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome [2006]
  • Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Multiple Pregnancy - study group statement [2006]
• United States of America
  • American College of Radiology
    • Multiple Gestations [2008]
  • National Guideline Clearinghouse
    • ACR Appropriateness Criteria® multiple gestations [2008]
    • Multiple gestation: complicated twin, triplet, and high-order multifetal pregnancy. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists [2004]
• Articles in journals
  • Archives of Disease in Childhood
    • Breast feeding twins and high multiples [2006]
  • Human Reproduction
    • Risks of miscarriage and early preterm birth in trichorionic triplet pregnancies with embryo reduction versus expectant management: new data and systematic review [2006]
  • Human Reproduction Update
    • Dizygotic twinning [2008]
    • Multiple gestation and infertility treatment: registration, reflection and reaction--the Belgian project [2005]
  • Medical Journal of Australia
    • Multiple pregnancy: a modern epidemic? [2003]
  • RadioGraphics
    • Imaging in the Preoperative Assessment of Conjoined Twins [2001]
• {Related topics}
  • Clinical tools, medical calculators, unit conversions, statistics, clinical research tools
    • Twin pregnancy : Clinical tools, medical calculators
  • Guidelines
    • Obstetrics, perinatology

Musculoskeletal diseases in pregnancy

• Canada
  • Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada
    • Postural health in women : the role of physiotherapy [2005]
• International
  • Cochrane Library
    • Interventions for preventing and treating pelvic and back pain in pregnancy [2009]
    • Interventions for leg cramps in pregnancy [2009]
• Articles in journals
  • Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases
    • Benefit of pregnancy in inflammatory arthritis [2005]
  • QJM
    • The effects of methotrexate on pregnancy, fertility and lactation [1999]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Obstetrics, perinatology

Nausea and vomiting in pregnancy, hyperemesis gravidarum

• Australia
  • Medical Journal of Australia
    • Visual deterioration in hyperemesis gravidarum [2005]
• Canada
  • Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada
    • The Management of nausea and vomiting of pregnancy [2002]
• International
  • Cochrane Library
    • Interventions for nausea and vomiting in early pregnancy [2009]
• United States of America
  • American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
    • ACOG Issues Guidance on Treatment of Morning Sickness During Pregnancy [2004]
  • National Guideline Clearinghouse
    • Guideline for the management of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada [2008]
    • Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists [2004]
• Articles in journals
  • American Family Physician
    • Nausea and Vomiting of Pregnancy [2003]
    • Nausea and Vomiting in Early Pregnancy [2003]
  • Australian Family Physician
    • Hyperemesis gravidarum - Assessment and management [2007]
    • Complementary medicine for pregnancy complications [2006]
  • British Medical Journal
    • Treatment of nausea and vomiting during pregnancy: presentation [2004]
    • Treating nausea and vomiting during pregnancy: case progression [2004]
    • Treating nausea and vomiting during pregnancy: case outcome [2004]
  • Canadian Family Physician
    • Treatment of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy: An updated algorithm [2007]
    • Preventing recurrence of severe morning sickness [2006]
    • Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy [2002]
  • Human Reproduction Update
    • Hyperemesis gravidarum, a literature review [2005]
  • Psychosomatics
    • Antiemetics, Akathisia, and Pregnancy [2007]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Digestive system diseases in pregnancy

Neural tube defects, folic acid

• Australia
  • Genetics in Family Medicine: the Australian Handbook for General Practitioners
    • Folic acid and pregnancy [2007]
  • Women & Newborn Health Service - Western Australia
    • Folic Acid Supplementation [2007]
• Australia, New Zealand
  • Medical Journal of Australia
    • Folic acid and risk of twinning: a systematic review of the recent literature, July 1994 to July 2006 [2007]
• Canada
  • British Columbia Perinatal Health Program
    • Folic Acid & The Prevention of Neural Tube Defects and Other Congenital Anomalies [2007]
  • Canadian Paediatric Society
    • Periconceptional Use of Folic Acid for Reduction of the Risk of Neural Tube Defects [1997]
  • Chronic Diseases in Canada
    • Validity of death and stillbirth certificates and hospital discharge summaries for the identification of neural tube defects in Quebec City [2006]
  • Guidelines and Protocols Advisory Committee - British Columbia
    • Investigation & management of vitamin B12 and folate deficiency [2006]
  • Public Health Agency of Canada
    • Folic Acid [Collection of guidelines]
  • Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada
    • Pre-conceptional Vitamin/Folic Acid Supplementation 2007: The Use of Folic Acid in Combination With a Multivitamin Supplement for the Prevention of Neural Tube Defects and Other Congenital Anomalies [2007]
    • The use of Folic acid for the prevention of neural tube defects and other congenital anomalies [2003]
• International
  • Cochrane Library
    • Periconceptional supplementation with folate and/or multivitamins for preventing neural tube defects [2009]
• Netherlands
  • Health Council of the Netherlands
    • Risks of folic acid fortification [2000]
• New Zealand
  • Auckland District Health Board
    • Neural Tube Defects [2005]
    • Management of Infants with Myelomeningocoele [2005]
  • Ministry of Health
    • Improving Folate Intake in New Zealand: Policy implications [2003]
    • Folate, Folic Acid, and Health [1999]
• PAHO
  • Pan American Health Organization
    • The Prevention of Neural Tube Defects with Folic Acid [2002]
• United Kingdom
  • GenePool
    • Neural Tube Defects [2005]
  • Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Periconceptional Folic Acid and Food Fortification in the Prevention of Neural Tube Defects [2003]
  • UK National Screening Committee
    • Neural tube defect screening [2006]
• United States of America
  • Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
    • Folic Acid for the Prevention of Neural Tube Defects [2009]
  • American Academy of Pediatrics
    • Folic Acid for the Prevention of Neural Tube Defects [2007]
  • American College of Medical Genetics
    • Technical standards and guidelines: Prenatal screening for open neural tube defects [2005]
    • Folic acid and neural tube defects [2005]
    • Second trimester maternal serum screening for fetal open neural tube defects and aneuploidy [2004]
  • Association of Women's Health, Obstetric and Neonatal Nurses
    • Preconceptional Use of Folic Acid [1999]
  • CDC Birth Defects
    • Folic Acid [Collection of guidelines]
    • Folic Acid and Prevention of Spina Bifida and Anencephaly [2002]
    • Use of Folic Acid Alone to Prevent Neural Tube Defects [1999]
    • Medical Progress in the Prevention of Neural Tube Defects [1999]
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Spina Bifida and Anencephaly Before and After Folic Acid Mandate --- United States, 1995--1996 and 1999--2000 [2004]
    • Spina Bifida and Anencephaly Prevalence --- United States, 1991--2001 [2002]
    • Sociodemographic Patterns in Spina Bifida Birth Prevalence Trends --- North Carolina, 1995--1999 [2002]
    • Serum Folate Levels Among Women Attending Family Planning Clinics --- Georgia, 2000 [2002]
    • Folic Acid Awareness and Use Among Women with a History of a Neural Tube Defect Pregnancy --- Texas, 2000--2001 [2002]
    • Folate Status in Women of Childbearing Age, by Race/Ethnicity --- United States, 1999--2000 [2002]
  • National Center for Health Statistics
    • Trends in Spina Bifida and Anencephalus in the United States, 1991-2005 [2007]
  • National Guideline Clearinghouse
    • Folic acid for the prevention of neural tube defects: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement [2009]
    • Pre-conceptional vitamin/folic acid supplementation 2007: the use of folic acid in combination with a multivitamin supplement for the prevention of neural tube defects and other congenital anomalies. Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada [2007]
    • Neural tube defects. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists [2003]
• WHO
  • WHO Reproductive Health Library
    • Periconceptional supplementation with folate and/or multivitamins for preventing neural tube defects [2002]
• Articles in journals
  • American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
    • Importance of methyl donors during reproduction [2009]
    • Folic acid supplementation and the occurrence of congenital heart defects, orofacial clefts, multiple births, and miscarriage [2005]
    • Folate fortification: enough already? [2003]
    • Response of red blood cell folate to intervention: implications for folate recommendations for the prevention of neural tube defects [2000]
    • New standard for dietary folate intake in pregnant women [2000]
    • Folic acid: influence on the outcome of pregnancy [2000]
  • Australian Family Physician
    • Mandatory fortification with folic acid - What would Hippocrates say? [2007]
  • BMC Pediatrics
    • Parents' psychological adjustment in families of children with Spina Bifida: a meta-analysis [2005]
  • British Medical Journal
    • International retrospective cohort study of neural tube defects in relation to folic acid recommendations: are the recommendations working? [2005]
    • Is folic acid the ultimate functional food component for disease prevention? [2004]
  • Canadian Family Physician
    • Folic acid: The right dose [2008]
    • Folic acid and prevention of neural tube defects [2008]
  • Canadian Medical Association Journal
    • Incidence of open neural tube defects in Nova Scotia after folic acid fortification [2002]
  • Clinical Chemistry
    • Cobalamin and Folate Evaluation: Measurement of Methylmalonic Acid and Homocysteine vs Vitamin B12 and Folate [2000]
    • Erythrocyte folate analysis: a cause for concern? [1998]
  • Down Syndrome Research and Practice
    • Folate metabolism and the risk of Down syndrome [2008]
  • Experimental Biology and Medicine
    • Folate, Homocysteine and Neural Tube Defects: An Overview [2001]
  • Indian Pediatrics
    • Neural Tube Defects and Folic Acid [2004]
  • International Journal of Developmental Biology
    • A hypothesis linking low folate intake to neural tube defects due to failure of post-translation methylations of the cytoskeleton [2006]
  • Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry
    • Benefits and risks of folic acid to the nervous system [2002]
  • Journal of Nutrition
    • Fumonisins Disrupt Sphingolipid Metabolism, Folate Transport, and Neural Tube Development in Embryo Culture and In Vivo: A Potential Risk Factor for Human Neural Tube Defects among Populations Consuming Fumonisin-Contaminated Maize [2004]
    • Folic Acid Supplements and Fortification Affect the Risk for Neural Tube Defects, Vascular Disease and Cancer: Evolving Science [2003]
    • Folic Acid Fortification, Folate Status and Plasma Homocysteine [2002]
    • Case Study: Folate Bioavailability [2001]
    • Folate Metabolism and Requirements [1999]
  • Medical Journal of Australia
    • Mandatory fortification of flour with folic acid: an overdue public health opportunity [2005]
  • North Carolina Medical Journal
    • Folic Acid and Birth Defects Prevention: A Public Health Success Story [2004]
  • Pediatrics
    • Prevalence of Neural Tube Defects, Folate Status, and Folate Fortification of Enriched Cereal-Grain Products in the United States [2006]
  • Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology
    • Syndromes, disorders and maternal risk factors associated with neural tube defects (IV) [2008]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Prenatal screening and diagnosis
    • Obstetrics, perinatology

Neurologic and mental disorders in pregnancy

• Australia
  • Centre for Clinical Effectiveness, Monash Medical Centre
    • Mood stabilisers for bipolar mood disorders during pregnancy [2001]
    • Electroconvulsive therapy for bipolar mood disorders during pregnancy [2001]
  • Women & Newborn Health Service - Western Australia
    • Perinatal Depressive and Anxiety Disorders Quick Reference Guide [2007]
    • Perinatal Depressive and Anxiety Disorders Clinical Guidelines [2007]
• Australia, New Zealand
  • Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists
    • RANZCP Perinatal Mental Health Plan [2005]
    • Guidance on the use of SSRIS and venlafaxine (SNRI) in late pregnancy [2005]
• Canada
  • British Columbia Perinatal Health Program
    • Reproductive Mental Illness during the Perinatal Period: Principles and Framework [2003]
    • Psychotic Disorders [2003]
    • Major Depression [2003]
    • Identification and Assessment of Reproductive Mental Health Illness During the Preconception and Perinatal Periods [2003]
    • Discharge Planning and Community Follow - Up Guide [2003]
    • Anxiety Disorders [2003]
• International
  • Cochrane Library
    • Preconception counselling for women with epilepsy to reduce adverse pregnancy outcome [2009]
    • Antipsychotic drugs for non-affective psychosis during pregnancy and postpartum [2009]
    • Antenatal psychosocial assessment for reducing perinatal mental health morbidity [2009]
• New Zealand
  • Auckland District Health Board
    • Guidelines for Babies of Mothers on Anticonvulsants [2002]
• United Kingdom
  • National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence
    • Antenatal and postnatal mental health [2007]
  • Royal College of Psychiatrists
    • Perinatal mental health services. Recommendations for provision of services for childbearing women [2001]
  • UK National Screening Committee
    • Psychiatric illness screening [2006]
• United States of America
  • American Academy of Pediatrics
    • Use of Psychoactive Medication During Pregnancy and Possible Effects on the Fetus and Newborn [2008]
    • Maternal Phenylketonuria [2008]
  • National Guideline Clearinghouse
    • Use of psychiatric medications during pregnancy and lactation. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists [2008]
• WHO
  • World Health Organization
    • Maternal mental health and child health and development in resource-constrained settings : report of a UNFPA/WHO international expert meeting : the interface between reproductive health and mental health [2009]
• Articles in journals
  • American Family Physician
    • Benefits and Risks of Psychiatric Medications During Pregnancy [2002]
  • American Journal of Psychiatry
    • Mortality in Offspring of Parents With Psychotic Disorders: A Critical Review and Meta-Analysis [2005]
  • Australian Family Physician
    • Motherhood and mental illness – Part 1 – toward a general understanding [2009]
  • Australian Prescriber
    • Antipsychotic drugs in pregnancy and breastfeeding [2007]
    • Antidepressants in pregnancy and breastfeeding [2007]
  • British Journal of Psychiatry
    • Exposure to obstetric complications and subsequent development of bipolar disorder: Systematic review [2006]
    • Effects of antenatal stress and anxiety: Implications for development and psychiatry [2002]
  • British Medical Journal
    • Benzodiazepine use in pregnancy and major malformations or oral cleft: meta-analysis of cohort and case-control studies [1998]
  • Canadian Family Physician
    • Prescribing antidepressants to pregnant women: What is a family physician to do? [2007]
    • Exposure to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder medications during pregnancy [2007]
    • Major malformations with valproic acid [2006]
    • Depression during pregnancy [2005]
    • Risks of untreated depression during pregnancy [2004]
    • New antidepressants in pregnancy [2004]
  • Canadian Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
    • Understanding and treating women with schizophrenia during pregnancy and postpartum--Motherisk Update 2008 [2009]
    • Risks/safety of psychotropic medication use during pregnancy--Motherisk Update 2008 [2009]
    • Mood disorders in women: focus on reproductive psychiatry in the 21st century--Motherisk update 2008 [2009]
    • Management of bipolar II disorder during pregnancy and the postpartum period--Motherisk Update 2008 [2009]
    • Depression during pregnancy: rates, risks and consequences--Motherisk Update 2008 [2009]
    • Adverse effects in neonates exposed to SSRIs and SNRI in late gestation--Motherisk Update 2008 [2009]
  • Canadian Medical Association Journal
    • Is maternal use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in the third trimester of pregnancy harmful to neonates? [2005]
  • Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry
    • The neurology of pregnancy [1998]
    • Prevention of acquired neurological impairment in the perinatal period [1997]
  • Journal of Nutrition
    • Role of Psychosocial and Nutritional Stress on Poor Pregnancy Outcome [2003]
  • Journal of Postgraduate Medicine
    • Management of Epilepsy and Pregnancy [2006]
  • Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience
    • Sleep and perinatal mood disorders: a critical review [2005]
  • Medical Journal of Australia
    • Maternal mortality and psychiatric morbidity in the perinatal period: challenges and opportunities for prevention in the Australian setting [2007]
    • Psychotropic medications in pregnant women: treatment dilemmas [1998]
  • Singapore Medical Journal
    • Lamotrigine in pregnancy: safety profile and the risk of malformations [2007]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Postpartum depression
    • Obstetrics, perinatology

Obstetrics, perinatology

• Australia
  • Centre for Clinical Effectiveness, Monash Medical Centre
    • Maternal age and risk of adverse perinatal events in primiparous women [1998]
  • Department of Health and Ageing
    • Improving Maternity Services in Australia [2009]
  • NSW Health
    • NSW Mothers and Babies 2004 [2006]
  • Women & Newborn Health Service - Western Australia
    • O&G Clinical Guidelines Section B [Collection of guidelines]
• Australia, New Zealand
  • Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Statement on Stand-alone Primary Childbirth Units [2007]
• Canada
  • Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada
    • Midwifery [2003]
• India
  • King Edward Memorial Hospital
    • Obstetric Management Guidelines [Collection of guidelines]
  • Ministry of Health & Family Welfare
    • Guidelines for pregnancy care and management of common obstetric complications by medical officers [2005]
    • Guidelines for ante-natal care and skilled attendance at birth by ANMs and LHVs [2005]
    • Guidelines for operationalising first referral units [2004]
• International
  • Cochrane Library
    • Midwife-led versus other models of care for childbearing women [2009]
    • Maternity waiting facilities for improving maternal and neonatal outcome in low-resource countries [2009]
    • Continuity of caregivers for care during pregnancy and childbirth [2009]
  • EngenderHealth
    • Maternal/Child Health [Collection of guidelines]
    • Quality Improvement for Emergency Obstetric Care: Leadership Manual and Toolbook [2003]
  • Global Health Council
    • Making Childbirth Safer Through Promoting Evidence-Based Care [2002]
  • Pathfinder International
    • Maternal and Child Health [Collection of guidelines]
  • Policy Project
    • Safe Motherhood [Collection of guidelines]
    • The MNPI Study: Measures of Strength for Maternal Health Programs in 55 Developing Countries [2004]
  • Population Council
    • Safe Motherhood/Postpartum Care [Collection of guidelines]
  • Reproductive Health for Refugees Consortium
    • Safe Motherhood [Collection of guidelines]
  • United Nations Children's Fund - UNICEF
    • Maternal Health [Collection of guidelines]
  • United Nations Population Fund
    • Safe Motherhood [Collection of guidelines]
    • Maternal and Neonatal Health in East and South-East Asia [2006]
  • World Bank
    • Accelerating Progress towards Achieving the MDG to Improve Maternal Health: A Collection of Promising Approaches [2005]
• Ireland
  • Department of Health and Children
    • Report on Perinatal Statistics for 2002 [2005]
• Malaysia
  • Perinatal Society of Malaysia
    • Clinical Practice Guidelines in Perinatalogy, First Edition [1998]
• New Zealand
  • Ministry of Health
    • Report on Maternity 2000 and 2001 [2003]
• PAHO
  • Pan American Health Organization
    • Perinatology [Collection of guidelines]
    • Maternal Health [Collection of guidelines]
• South Africa
  • Health Systems Trust
    • 4 Key Components of a Successful Perinatal Audit [2001]
  • Maternal Care Manual - Perinatal Education Programme
    • Maternal Care Manual [2006]
  • Perinatal Education Programme
    • Perinatal Education Programme [2002]
• United Kingdom
  • Bandolier
    • Pregnancy and young children [Collection of guidelines]
  • British Association of Perinatal Medicine
    • Classification of Health Status at 2 Years as a Perinatal Outcome - report of a BAPM/RCPCH working group [2008]
    • Management of Acute In-Utero Transfers: a Framework for Practice [2005]
  • Department of Health
    • Healthy Child Programme: pregnancy and the first five years of life [2009]
    • Birth and beyond: stakeholder perceptions of current antenatal education provision in England [2009]
    • Birth and beyond: a review of the evidence about antenatal education [2009]
    • Maternity Matters: Choice, access and continuity of care in a safe service [2007]
  • National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence
    • Fetal vesico-amniotic shunt for lower urinary tract outflow obstruction [2006]
  • NHS Quality Improvement Scotland
    • Scottish Programme for Clinical Effectiveness in Reproductive Health (SPCERH) [Collection of guidelines]
    • Scottish Woman-Held Maternity Record [2008]
    • Perinatal Collaborative Transport Study (CoTS) [2008]
    • Maternal History Taking [2008]
    • Sharing Good Practice in Scotland's Maternity Services [2007]
    • Safety and risk associated with free standing midwife led maternity units (MLMU) [2007]
    • Maternity Services National Overview [2007]
    • Guidance for use of Scottish Woman-Held Maternity Record [2007]
    • Pregnancy and Newborn Screening Standards [2005]
    • Maternity Services Standards [2005]
    • Developing a System for Identification and Assessment of Maternal 'Near Misses' [2004]
  • Royal College of Midwives
    • Position papers [Collection of guidelines]
  • Royal College of Nursing
    • Pregnancy and disability: RCN guidance for midwives and nurses [2007]
  • Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Standards for Maternity Care [2008]
    • Maternity Services: Future of Small Units [2008]
    • Maternity Dashboard Clinical Performance and Governance Score Card [2008]
    • Childrens and Maternity Services in 2009: Working Time Solutions [2008]
• United States of America
  • Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
    • Outcomes of Maternal Weight Gain [2008]
  • American Academy of Pediatrics
    • Age Terminology During the Perinatal Period [2009]
  • American Medical Association
    • Pregnancy [Collection of guidelines]
  • CDC National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion
    • Safe Motherhood: Promoting Health for Women Before, During, and After Pregnancy [2006]
  • CDC Reproductive Health
    • Maternal and Infant Health [Collection of guidelines]
  • Center for reproductive rights
    • Safe Pregnancy [Collection of guidelines]
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Surveillance for Disparities in Maternal Health-Related Behaviors --- Selected States, Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS), 2000--2001 [2004]
    • Surveillance for Selected Maternal Behaviors and Experiences Before, During, and After Pregnancy: Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS), 2000 [2003]
  • CORE - The Child Survival Collaborations and Resources Group
    • Safe Motherhood and Reproductive Health Working Group [Collection of guidelines]
    • Maternal and Newborn Standards and Indicators Compendium [2004]
  • Johns Hopkins University - Center for Communication Programs
    • Maternal and Neonatal Health Resources [Collection of guidelines]
  • Lab Tests Online - American Association for Clinical Chemistry
    • Pregnancy [2008]
  • National Guideline Clearinghouse
    • Critical care in pregnancy. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists [2009]
    • Bariatric surgery and pregnancy. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists [2009]
    • Routine prenatal and postnatal care. Michigan Quality Improvement Consortium [2008]
    • Systemic diseases in pregnancy. Finnish Medical Society Duodecim [2007]
  • Office of Health and Human Services, Commonwealth of Massachusetts
    • Perinatal, Early Childhood, and Special Health Needs [Collection of guidelines]
    • Improving the Health of All Mothers and Children [Collection of guidelines]
  • Office of Quality and Performance
    • Management of Uncomplicated Pregnancy [2002]
  • ReproLine
    • Maternal and Neonatal Health [Collection of guidelines]
  • U.S. Agency for International Development
    • Maternal and Child Health [Collection of guidelines]
• WHO
  • WHO Reproductive Health Library
    • Traditional birth attendant training for improving health behaviours and pregnancy outcomes [2009]
    • Audit and feedback: effects on professional practice and health-care outcomes [2006]
  • World Health Organization
    • Skilled birth attendants [Collection of guidelines]
    • Maternal and perinatal health [Collection of guidelines]
    • Working with individuals, families and communities to improve maternal and newborn health [2010]
    • Safer pregnancy in Tamil Nadu : from vision to reality [2009]
    • Monitoring emergency obstetric care : a handbook [2009]
    • Making pregnancy safer : tool for assessing the performance of the health system in improving maternal, newborn, child and adolescent health [2009]
    • Making pregnancy safer : assessment tool for the quality of hospital care for mothers and newborn babies [2009]
    • Counselling for maternal and newborn health care : a handbook for building skills [2009]
    • Tracking progress in maternal, newborn & child survival [2008]
    • WHO recommended interventions for improving maternal and newborn health [2007]
    • Standards for Maternal and Neonatal care [2007]
    • Monitoring and evaluation of maternal and newborn health and services at the district level [2007]
    • The midwife in the community [2006]
    • The effect of maternal–newborn ill-health on households: economic vulnerability and social implications [2006]
    • The costs of maternal–newborn illness and mortality [2006]
    • Pregnancy, childbirth, postpartum and newborn care - A guide for essential practice [2006]
    • Midwifery education modules [2006]
    • Making a difference in countries: Strategic approach to improving maternal and newborn survival and health [2006]
    • Making Pregnancy Safer/Child and Adolescent Health and Development. The Republic of Moldova [2006]
    • Impact on economic growth of investing in maternal–newborn health [2006]
    • The world health report 2005 - make every mother and child count [2005]
    • Promoting the health of mothers and newborns during birth and the postnatal period [2005]
    • Second Meeting of the Perinatal Care Task Force [2001]
    • Capacity Building Workshop for IMCI and PEPC Pre-Service Training in the European Region [2001]
    • Mother-Baby Package: Implementing safe motherhood in countries [1996]
• Articles in journals
  • Annals of Oncology
    • Cancer in pregnancy [2003]
  • Archives of Disease in Childhood
    • Sikh birth customs [2005]
  • Australian Family Physician
    • What about dad? Psychosocial and mental health issues for new fathers [2006]
  • BMC Medicine
    • A review of the methodological features of systematic reviews in maternal medicine [2007]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • The fetuses-at-risk approach: clarification of semantic and conceptual misapprehension [2008]
    • Theory of obstetrics: An epidemiologic framework for justifying medically indicated early delivery [2007]
  • BMC Public Health
    • Risk factors for adverse perinatal outcomes in imprisoned pregnant women: a systematic review [2005]
  • British Medical Journal
    • Cost effectiveness analysis of strategies for maternal and neonatal health in developing countries [2005]
    • Recent developments in obstetrics [2003]
    • Randomised trial of educational visits to enhance use of systematic reviews in 25 obstetric units [1998]
    • Fetal medicine [1998]
  • Bulletin of the World Health Organization
    • A systematic review of inequalities in the use of maternal health care in developing countries: examining the scale of the problem and the importance of context [2007]
    • Promoting safe motherhood through the private sector in low- and middle-income countries [2003]
  • Canadian Family Physician
    • Is air travel in pregnancy safe? [2008]
    • In utero exposure to therapeutic radiation for Hodgkin lymphoma [2008]
    • Safety of gadolinium during pregnancy [2006]
  • Health Policy and Planning
    • Economic transition and maternal health care for internal migrants in Shanghai, China [2002]
    • Training initiatives for essential obstetric care in developing countries: a 'state of the art' review [2000]
    • Maternal and child health services in rural Nepal: does access or quality matter more? [2000]
    • Information quality in a remote rural maternity unit in Ghana [2000]
    • The hidden cost of 'free' maternity care in Dhaka, Bangladesh [1998]
    • Using perinatal audit to promote change: a review [1997]
  • Journal of Nutrition
    • The Epidemiology of Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes: An Overview [2003]
  • Journal of the American Board of Family Practice
    • Advanced Life Support in Obstetrics in Ecuador: Teaching the Teachers [2004]
  • Medical Journal of Australia
    • Throwing out the baby with the spa water? [2004]
  • Pediatrics
    • Community-Based Interventions for Improving Perinatal and Neonatal Health Outcomes in Developing Countries: A Review of the Evidence [2005]
  • RadioGraphics
    • Imaging the Pregnant Patient for Nonobstetric Conditions: Algorithms and Radiation Dose Considerations [2007]
  • Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology
    • New discoveries on the biology and detection of human chorionic gonadotropin [2009]
• {Related topics}
  • Clinical tools, medical calculators, unit conversions, statistics, clinical research tools
    • Pregnancy : Clinical tools, medical calculators
  • Guidelines
    • Trauma in pregnancy
    • Thyroid diseases in pregnancy
    • Substance-related disorders in pregnancy
    • Stillbirth, perinatal mortality
    • Smoking in pregnancy
    • Skin diseases in pregnancy
    • Rh isoimmunization
    • Respiratory tract diseases, hypersensitivity in pregnancy
    • Prolonged pregnancy
    • Prenatal screening and diagnosis
    • Prenatal nutrition, dietary supplements in pregnancy
    • Prenatal care
    • Pregnancy tests
    • Preeclampsia, eclampsia, hypertension in pregnancy
    • Neurologic and mental disorders in pregnancy
    • Neural tube defects, folic acid
    • Neonatology
    • Nausea and vomiting in pregnancy, hyperemesis gravidarum
    • Musculoskeletal diseases in pregnancy
    • Multiple pregnancy
    • Maternal mortality
    • Maternal and neonatal infections
    • Labor, delivery, postpartum
    • Kidney diseases in pregnancy
    • Hematologic diseases in pregnancy
    • Gestational diabetes, pregnancy in diabetics
    • Fetal maturation
    • Fetal growth retardation
    • Fetal alcohol syndrome, alcohol in pregnancy
    • Exercise and pregnancy
    • Embolism and thrombosis in pregnancy
    • Drugs in pregnancy
    • Disorders of environmental origin in pregnancy
    • Digestive system diseases in pregnancy
    • Cardiovascular diseases in pregnancy
    • Breast cancer and pregnancy
    • Bleeding in pregnancy, placenta diseases
    • Autoimmune diseases in pregnancy
    • Adolescent pregnancy

Preeclampsia, eclampsia, hypertension in pregnancy

• Australia
  • Centre for Clinical Effectiveness, Monash Medical Centre
    • Drug treatment, invasive monitoring, and fluid therapy for severe pre-eclampsia and eclampsia [1999]
  • Women & Newborn Health Service - Western Australia
    • Hypertension in Pregnancy - Medical Management [2008]
    • Maternal Fetal Assessment Unit Quick Reference Guide to Gestational Hypertension and Pre Eclampsia [2006]
• Canada
  • British Columbia Perinatal Health Program
    • Hypertension in Pregnancy [2006]
  • Guidelines Advisory Committee
    • Hypertension: Pregnancy [2005]
  • Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada
    • Diagnosis, evaluation and management of the hypertensive disorders of pregnancy [2008]
• International
  • Cochrane Library
    • Reduced salt intake compared to normal dietary salt, or high intake, in pregnancy [2009]
    • Progesterone for preventing pre-eclampsia and its complications [2009]
    • Prevention and treatment of postpartum hypertension [2009]
    • Plasma volume expansion for treatment of pre-eclampsia [2009]
    • Oral beta-blockers for mild to moderate hypertension during pregnancy [2009]
    • Marine oil, and other prostaglandin precursor, supplementation for pregnancy uncomplicated by pre-eclampsia or intrauterine growth restriction [2009]
    • Magnesium sulphate versus phenytoin for eclampsia [2009]
    • Magnesium sulphate versus lytic cocktail for eclampsia [2009]
    • Magnesium sulphate versus diazepam for eclampsia [2009]
    • Magnesium sulphate and other anticonvulsants for women with pre-eclampsia [2009]
    • Low-dose dopamine for women with severe pre-eclampsia [2009]
    • Interventionist versus expectant care for severe pre-eclampsia before term [2009]
    • Garlic for preventing pre-eclampsia and its complications [2009]
    • Drugs for treatment of very high blood pressure during pregnancy [2009]
    • Diuretics for preventing pre-eclampsia [2009]
    • Corticosteroids for HELLP syndrome in pregnancy [2009]
    • Calcium supplementation during pregnancy for preventing hypertensive disorders and related problems [2009]
    • Bed rest with or without hospitalisation for hypertension during pregnancy [2009]
    • Antiplatelet agents for preventing pre-eclampsia and its complications [2009]
    • Antiplatelet agents for preventing and treating pre-eclampsia [2009]
    • Antioxidants for preventing pre-eclampsia [2009]
    • Antihypertensive drug therapy for mild to moderate hypertension during pregnancy [2009]
    • Ambulatory versus conventional methods for monitoring blood pressure during pregnancy [2009]
    • Altered dietary salt for preventing pre-eclampsia, and its complications [2009]
    • Abdominal decompression in normal pregnancy [2009]
  • EngenderHealth
    • Eclampsia and Pre-eclampsia: A Landmark Report, and an International Call to Action to Prevent a Common Killer of Pregnant Women Worldwide [2007]
• New Zealand
  • Auckland District Health Board
    • Investigation of infants of mothers with HELLP and AFLP [2001]
• South Africa
  • Maternal Care Manual - Perinatal Education Programme
    • The hypertensive disorders of pregnancy [2006]
    • Measuring blood pressure and proteinuria [2006]
• United Kingdom
  • Attract
    • What drugs are safe to use to treat moderate hypertension in a patient who is trying to conceive? [2005]
  • Clinical Resource Efficiency Support Team
    • Management of Severe Pre-Eclampsia and Eclampsia [2001]
  • Health Technology Assessment
    • Methods of prediction and prevention of pre-eclampsia: systematic reviews of accuracy and effectiveness literature with economic modelling [2008]
  • Perinatal Institute
    • Hypertension in Pregnancy [2001]
  • Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • The Management of Severe Pre-Eclampsia/Eclampsia [2006]
    • Pre-eclampsia - study group consensus statement [2003]
  • UK National Screening Committee
    • Pre-eclampsia screening [2006]
• United States of America
  • Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
    • Management of Chronic Hypertension During Pregnancy [2000]
  • National Guideline Clearinghouse
    • Treatment of the hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. In: Diagnosis, evaluation and management of the hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada [2008]
    • Prediction, prevention, and prognosis of preeclampsia. In: Diagnosis, evaluation and management of the hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada [2008]
    • Diagnosis and classification. In: Diagnosis, evaluation and management of the hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada [2008]
    • The management of severe pre-eclampsia/eclampsia. Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists [2006]
    • Pre-eclampsia community guideline. Action on Pre-eclampsia [2005]
• WHO
  • WHO Reproductive Health Library
    • Antioxidants for preventing pre-eclampsia [2008]
    • Antiplatelet agents for preventing pre-eclampsia and its complications [2007]
    • Antihypertensive drug therapy for mild-to-moderate hypertension during pregnancy [2007]
    • Drugs for treatment of very high blood pressure during pregnancy [2006]
    • Calcium supplementation during pregnancy for preventing hypertensive disorders and related problems [2006]
    • Bed rest with or without hospitalization for hypertension during pregnancy [2006]
    • Interventionist versus expectant care for severe pre-eclampsia before term [2004]
    • Magnesium sulfate and other anticonvulsants for women with pre-eclampsia [2003]
    • Anticonvulsant therapy for eclampsia [2003]
  • World Health Organization
    • Managing eclampsia [2006]
• Articles in journals
  • American Family Physician
    • Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy [2008]
    • Diagnosis and Management of Preeclampsia [2004]
    • NHBPEP Report on High Blood Pressure in Pregnancy: A Summary for Family Physicians [2001]
  • American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
    • Same nutrient, different hypotheses: disparities in trials of calcium supplementation during pregnancy [2000]
    • Role of nutrition in the prevention of toxemia [2000]
    • Dietary calcium and pregnancy-induced hypertension: is there a relation? [2000]
  • Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases
    • Thrombotic microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia and antiphospholipid antibodies [2004]
  • Biology of Reproduction
    • New Insights into the Biology of Preeclampsia [2006]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Tests for predicting complications of pre-eclampsia: A protocol for systematic reviews [2008]
    • Critical pathways for the management of preeclampsia and severe preeclampsia in institutionalised health care settings [2003]
  • Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
    • Preeclampsia: from epidemiological observations to molecular mechanisms [2001]
  • British Medical Journal
    • Diagnostic accuracy of urinary spot protein:creatinine ratio for proteinuria in hypertensive pregnant women: systematic review [2008]
    • Accuracy of mean arterial pressure and blood pressure measurements in predicting pre-eclampsia: systematic review and meta-analysis [2008]
    • Pre-eclampsia and risk of cardiovascular disease and cancer in later life: systematic review and meta-analysis [2007]
    • The pre-eclampsia community guideline (PRECOG): how to screen for and detect onset of pre-eclampsia in the community [2005]
    • Risk factors for pre-eclampsia at antenatal booking: systematic review of controlled studies [2005]
    • Postpartum eclampsia of late onset [2005]
    • Corticosteroids for HELLP (haemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelets) syndrome [2004]
    • Clinical risk management in obstetrics: eclampsia drills [2004]
    • Hydralazine for treatment of severe hypertension in pregnancy: meta-analysis [2003]
    • Antiplatelet drugs for prevention of pre-eclampsia and its consequences: systematic review [2001]
    • Management of hypertension in pregnancy [1999]
  • Canadian Family Physician
    • Use of diuretics during pregnancy [2009]
  • Canadian Medical Association Journal
    • Use of uterine artery Doppler ultrasonography to predict pre-eclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction: a systematic review and bivariable meta-analysis [2008]
  • Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology
    • Pathophysiology of the Clinical Manifestations of Preeclampsia [2007]
  • Clinics
    • Prevention of preeclampsia with low-dose aspirin: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the main randomized controlled trials [2005]
  • Experimental Biology and Medicine
    • Oxidative Stress in the Pathogenesis of Preeclampsia [1999]
  • FASEB Journal
    • Pregnancy-induced up-regulation of aquaporin-4 protein in brain and its role in eclampsia [2005]
  • Heart
    • Management of hypertension before, during, and after pregnancy [2004]
  • Hong Kong Medical Journal
    • Late-onset postpartum eclampsia: still a diagnostic dilemma? [2008]
  • Hypertension
    • Update on the Use of Antihypertensive Drugs in Pregnancy [2008]
    • Preeclampsia: Recent Insights [2005]
    • Hypertension During Pregnancy: A Disorder Begging for Pathophysiological Support [2005]
    • Circulating Angiogenic Factors in the Pathogenesis and Prediction of Preeclampsia [2005]
    • Brief review: hypertension in pregnancy : a manifestation of the insulin resistance syndrome? [2001]
  • Israel Medical Association Journal
    • Endothelial Dysfunction in Preeclampsia and Eclampsia: Current Etiology and Future Non-Invasive Assessment [2003]
  • Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
    • Insulin Resistance and Its Potential Role in Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension [2003]
    • Hypertension in Pregnancy: A Potential Window into Long-Term Cardiovascular Risk in Women [1999]
  • Journal of Nutrition
    • Nutrient Involvement in Preeclampsia [2003]
  • Journal of the American Society of Nephrology
    • New Aspects in the Pathophysiology of Preeclampsia [2004]
  • Medical Journal of Australia
    • Pre-eclampsia: a lifelong disorder [2003]
  • Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation
    • Postpartum renal lesions in women with pre-eclampsia [1997]
  • News in Physiological Sciences
    • Preeclampsia: Linking Placental Ischemia with Cardiovascular-Renal Dysfunction [2001]
  • Renal Physiology
    • Role of the renin-angiotensin system in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia [2005]
  • Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology
    • The placental problem: Linking abnormal cytotrophoblast differentiation to the maternal symptoms of preeclampsia [2004]
  • Sao Paulo Medical Journal
    • Does sodium nitroprusside kill babies? A systematic review [2007]
  • Vascular Health and Risk Management
    • Pathophysiology of placentation abnormalities in pregnancy-induced hypertension [2008]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Obstetrics, perinatology

Pregnancy tests

• United Kingdom
  • Royal College of Nursing
    • Best practice guidance on pregnancy testing prior to diagnostic imaging [2006]
  • Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain
    • Pregnancy Testing in the Pharmacy [2001]
• WHO
  • World Health Organization
    • WHO international collaborative study of the proposed 5th [fifth] international standard for chorionic gonadotrophin [2009]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Obstetrics, perinatology

Prenatal care

• Australia
  • Centre for Clinical Effectiveness, Monash Medical Centre
    • The benefit of moving antenatal classes out of the hospital into the community [2002]
    • Number of prenatal visits and patient satisfaction [1999]
  • Women & Newborn Health Service - Western Australia
    • Antenatal Shared Care Guidelines for Medical Practitioners [2007]
• Australia, New Zealand
  • Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • JCCO policy statement on shared antenatal care for low risk obstetric patients [2007]
    • Antenatal care in Australian public hospitals [2007]
• International
  • Cochrane Library
    • Support during pregnancy for women at increased risk of low birthweight babies [2009]
    • Patterns of routine antenatal care for low-risk pregnancy [2009]
    • Individual or group antenatal education for childbirth/parenthood [2009]
    • Giving women their own case notes to carry during pregnancy [2009]
    • Antenatal education for self-diagnosis of the onset of active labour at term [2009]
    • Antenatal day care units versus hospital admission for women with complicated pregnancy [2009]
  • Global Health Council
    • Fewer Antenatal Visits as Effective as Standard Antenatal-Visits Model [2002]
  • United Nations Children's Fund - UNICEF
    • Antenatal Care [2007]
• Netherlands
  • Health Council of the Netherlands
    • Preconception care: a good beginning [2007]
• South Africa
  • Maternal Care Manual - Perinatal Education Programme
    • Antenatal care [2006]
• United Kingdom
  • National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence
    • Antenatal care [2008]
  • Perinatal Institute
    • Challenging Antenatal Care [2002]
  • Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Antenatal Care - routine pregnant care for the healthy pregnant woman - Clinical Guideline (2nd edition) [2008]
  • Scottish Government Health Directorates
    • A Framework for Maternity Services [2001]
• United States of America
  • American Academy of Pediatrics
    • The Prenatal Visit [2009]
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Recommendations to Improve Preconception Health and Health Care --- United States [2006]
  • Institute for Clinical Systems Improvement
    • Prenatal Care, Routine [2008]
  • Maximizing Access and Quality
    • Focused Antenatal Care: A Better, Cheaper, Faster, Evidence-based Approach [2005]
  • Michigan Quality Improvement Consortium
    • Routine Prenatal and Postnatal Care [2008]
  • National Guideline Clearinghouse
    • Routine prenatal care. Institute for Clinical Systems Improvement [2008]
    • Antenatal care. Routine care for the healthy pregnant woman. National Collaborating Centre for Women's and Children's Health [2008]
    • Recommendations to improve preconception health and health care - United States. A report of the CDC/ATSDR Preconception Care Work Group and the Select Panel on Preconception Care [2006]
• WHO
  • WHO Reproductive Health Library
    • Patterns of routine antenatal care for low-risk pregnancy [2002]
  • World Health Organization
    • What is the effectiveness of antenatal care? (Supplement) [2006]
    • What is the efficacy/effectiveness of antenatal care? [2004]
    • WHO Antenatal Care Randomized Trial: Manual for the Implementation of the new Model [2001]
• Articles in journals
  • American Family Physician
    • Recommendations for Preconception Care [2007]
    • Evidence-Based Prenatal Care: Part II. Third-Trimester Care and Prevention of Infectious Diseases [2005]
    • Evidence-Based Prenatal Care: Part I. General Prenatal Care and Counseling Issues [2005]
    • Preconception Health Care [2002]
  • BMC Women's Health
    • Are women and providers satisfied with antenatal care? Views on a standard and a simplified, evidence-based model of care in four developing countries [2002]
  • Canadian Family Physician
    • Pregnancy Planning Guide [2002]
  • Medical Journal of Australia
    • National guidelines for antenatal testing [2002]
    • Guiding antenatal care [2002]
    • Are recommendations about routine antenatal care in Australia consistent and evidence-based? [2002]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Prenatal screening and diagnosis
    • Obstetrics, perinatology

Prenatal nutrition, dietary supplements in pregnancy

• Australia
  • Women & Newborn Health Service - Western Australia
    • Screeening and treatment of vitamin D deficiency in pregnancy [2007]
• Australia, New Zealand
  • Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Vitamin and Mineral Supplementation in Pregnancy [2008]
• Canada
  • Canadian Paediatric Society
    • Vitamin D supplementation: Recommendations for Canadian mothers and infants [2007]
  • Public Health Agency of Canada
    • Prenatal Nutrition [Collection of guidelines]
    • Nutrition for a Healthy Pregnancy - National Guidelines for the Childbearing Years [2005]
• International
  • Cochrane Library
    • Vitamin E supplementation in pregnancy [2009]
    • Vitamin D supplementation in pregnancy [2009]
    • Vitamin C supplementation in pregnancy [2009]
    • Vitamin A supplementation during pregnancy [2009]
    • Multiple-micronutrient supplementation for women during pregnancy [2009]
    • Magnesium supplementation in pregnancy [2009]
    • Balanced protein/energy supplementation in pregnancy [2009]
• New Zealand
  • Ministry of Health
    • Food and Nutrition Guidelines for Healthy Pregnant and Breastfeeding Women: A background paper [2008]
• United Kingdom
  • National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence
    • Maternal and child nutrition [2008]
• United States of America
  • American Dietetic Association
    • Nutrition and lifestyle for a healthy pregnancy outcome [2002]
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • CDC's Pediatric and Pregnancy Nutrition Surveillance System [Collection of guidelines]
  • National Guideline Clearinghouse
    • Improving the nutrition of pregnant and breastfeeding mothers and children in low-income households. National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) [2008]
• WHO
  • WHO Reproductive Health Library
    • Multiple-micronutrient supplementation for women during pregnancy [2007]
    • Vitamin A supplementation during pregnancy [2003]
    • Energy and protein intake in pregnancy [2003]
  • World Health Organization
    • Feto-maternal nutrition and low birth weight [Collection of guidelines]
    • Programming of chronic disease by impaired fetal nutrition [2002]
    • Healthy Eating during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding [2001]
• Articles in journals
  • American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
    • Multiple micronutrients in pregnancy and lactation: an overview [2005]
    • Energy requirements during pregnancy: old questions and new findings [2004]
    • Assessment of dietary vitamin D requirements during pregnancy and lactation [2004]
    • Maternal thiamine deficiency: still a problem in some world communities [2001]
    • Vitamin A in pregnancy: requirements and safety limits [2000]
    • Pregnancy weight gain: still controversial [2000]
    • Physiology of pregnancy and nutrient metabolism [2000]
    • Perinatal metabolism of vitamin D [2000]
    • Nutrition in pregnancy: mineral and vitamin supplements [2000]
    • Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid requirements during pregnancy and lactation [2000]
    • Essential fatty acids in mothers and their neonates [2000]
    • Determinants of maternal zinc status during pregnancy [2000]
    • Essential fatty acid requirements of vegetarians in pregnancy, lactation, and infancy [1999]
  • Archives of Disease in Childhood
    • Maternal nutrition as a determinant of birth weight [2002]
    • Limitations of models used to examine the influence of nutrition during pregnancy and adult disease [2000]
  • Australian Family Physician
    • The role of micronutrients in pregnancy [2009]
  • BMC Pediatrics
    • Effect of maternal calcium intake during pregnancy on children blood pressure: A systematic review of the literature [2007]
  • Canadian Family Physician
    • Compliance with prenatal vitamins [2006]
    • Taking probiotics during pregnancy [2005]
    • Multivitamin supplements for pregnant women [2004]
    • Eating fish during pregnancy [2002]
  • Canadian Medical Association Journal
    • Effects of prenatal multimicronutrient supplementation on pregnancy outcomes: a meta-analysis [2009]
  • Journal of Endocrinology
    • Endocrine and nutritional regulation of fetal adipose tissue development [2003]
  • Journal of Nutrition
    • Maternal Nutrition and Fetal Development [2004]
    • The Risk of Maternal Nutritional Depletion and Poor Outcomes Increases in Early or Closely Spaced Pregnancies [2003]
    • The Plausibility of Micronutrient Deficiencies Being a Significant Contributing Factor to the Occurrence of Pregnancy Complications [2003]
    • The Need for Maternal Zinc Supplementation in Developing Countries: An Unresolved Issue [2003]
    • Strenuous Work, Nutrition and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes: A Brief Review [2003]
    • Some Thoughts on Body Mass Index, Micronutrient Intakes and Pregnancy Outcome [2003]
    • Pregnancy and Lactation: Physiological Adjustments, Nutritional Requirements and the Role of Dietary Supplements [2003]
    • Potential Cost-Effectiveness of Nutrition Interventions to Prevent Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in the Developing World [2003]
    • Nutritional Interventions during Pregnancy for the Prevention or Treatment of Maternal Morbidity and Preterm Delivery: An Overview of Randomized Controlled Trials [2003]
    • Micronutrients and the Bone Mineral Content of the Mother, Fetus and Newborn [2003]
    • Micronutrients and Reproductive Health Issues: An International Perspective [2003]
    • Micronutrients and Fetal Growth [2003]
    • Micronutrient Status during Pregnancy and Outcomes for Newborn Infants in Developing Countries [2003]
    • Cigarette Smoking, Alcohol Use and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes: Implications for Micronutrient Supplementation [2003]
    • Characteristics of Randomized Controlled Trials Included in Systematic Reviews of Nutritional Interventions Reporting Maternal Morbidity, Mortality, Preterm Delivery, Intrauterine Growth Restriction and Small for Gestational Age and Birth Weight Outcomes [2003]
  • Journal of the American College of Nutrition
    • Vitamin D requirements during pregnancy [2004]
  • Lancet
    • Maternal and child undernutrition: consequences for adult health and human capital [2008]
  • Reproduction
    • Gene-nutrient interactions during fetal development [2005]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Obstetrics, perinatology

Prolonged pregnancy

• Australia
  • Women & Newborn Health Service - Western Australia
    • Prolonged Pregnancy [2007]
• Canada
  • British Columbia Perinatal Health Program
    • Post Term Pregnancy [2005]
  • Chronic Diseases in Canada
    • Recent Trends in Fetal and Infant Outcomes Following Post-term Pregnancies [2001]
  • Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada
    • Guidelines for the management of pregnancy at 41+0 to 42+0 weeks [2008]
• International
  • Cochrane Library
    • Induction of labour for improving birth outcomes for women at or beyond term [2009]
• United States of America
  • Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
    • Management of Prolonged Pregnancy [2002]
  • National Guideline Clearinghouse
    • Guidelines for the management of pregnancy at 41+0 to 42+0 weeks. Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada [2008]
    • Management of postterm pregnancy. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists [2004]
• WHO
  • WHO Reproductive Health Library
    • Induction of labour for improving birth outcomes for women at or beyond term [2006]
• Articles in journals
  • American Family Physician
    • Management of Pregnancy Beyond 40 Weeks' Gestation [2005]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Obstetrics, perinatology

Respiratory tract diseases, hypersensitivity in pregnancy

• International
  • Cochrane Library
    • Maternal antigen avoidance during pregnancy for preventing atopic disease in infants of women at high risk [2009]
• United States of America
  • National Guideline Clearinghouse
    • Asthma in pregnancy. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists [2008]
    • Managing asthma during pregnancy: recommendations for pharmacologic treatment. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [2005]
  • National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
    • Managing Asthma During Pregnancy: Recommendations for Pharmacologic Treatment--Update 2004 [2004]
• Articles in journals
  • American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
    • Implications for the Pregnant Patient [2001]
    • Perinatal Events in Relation to Sensitization in the Human [2000]
  • British Medical Journal
    • Asthma in pregnancy [2007]
  • Canadian Family Physician
    • Treating the common cold during pregnancy [2008]
  • Chest
    • Risks of and Recommendations for Flexible Bronchoscopy in Pregnancy: A Review [2004]
  • European Respiratory Journal
    • Asthma during pregnancy: mechanisms and treatment implications [2005]
  • Hong Kong Medical Journal
    • Recurrent pneumothorax in pregnancy: what should we do after placing an intercostal drain [2006]
  • Journal of the American Board of Family Practice
    • Treating Asthma and Comorbid Allergic Rhinitis in Pregnancy [2007]
  • Thorax
    • Sleep disordered breathing and pregnancy [2002]
    • Women with cystic fibrosis and their potential for reproduction [2001]
    • Asthma in pregnancy [2001]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Obstetrics, perinatology

Rh isoimmunization

• Australia
  • National Health and Medical Research Council
    • Guidelines on the prophylactic use of Rh D immunoglobulin (anti-D) in obstetrics [2003]
  • NSW Health
    • Rh D Immunoglobulin (Anti-D) [2006]
  • Women & Newborn Health Service - Western Australia
    • The Kleihauer Test [2008]
    • Blood grouping and Antibody screening during pregnancy [2008]
• Australia, New Zealand
  • Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Guidelines for the use of Rh D Immunoglobulin (Anti-D) in obstetrics in Australia [2007]
• Canada
  • Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada
    • Prevention of Rh alloimmunization [2003]
• International
  • Cochrane Library
    • Immunoglobulin infusion for isoimmune haemolytic jaundice in neonates [2009]
    • Anti-D administration in pregnancy for preventing Rhesus alloimmunisation [2009]
    • Anti-D administration after childbirth for preventing Rhesus alloimmunisation [2009]
• United Kingdom
  • British Society for Haematology
    • Guidelines for the estimation of feto-maternal haemorrhage [2009]
    • Guidelines for the use of prophylactic anti-D immunoglobulin [2006]
    • Guideline for blood grouping and antibody testing in pregnancy [2006]
  • Clinical Resource Efficiency Support Team
    • Guidelines for the use of Anti-D Immunoglobulin for Rhesus Prophylaxis [2000]
  • Health Technology Assessment
    • A review of the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of routine anti-D prophylaxis for pregnant women who are rhesus-negative [2003]
  • National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence
    • Pregnancy (rhesus negative women) - routine anti-D (review) [2008]
    • Pregnancy - routine anti-D prophylaxis for rhesus negative women [2002]
  • Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Use of anti-D immunoglobulin for Rh prophylaxis [2002]
  • Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh
    • Consensus Conference on Anti-D Prophylaxis - The Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh and The Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists [1997]
  • UK National Screening Committee
    • Blood group and RhD status, and red cell alloantibody screening [2006]
• United States of America
  • Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
    • Screening: D (Rh) Incompatibility [2004]
  • National Guideline Clearinghouse
    • Routine antenatal anti-D prophylaxis for women who are rhesus D negative. National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) [2008]
    • Management of alloimmunization during pregnancy. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists [2006]
    • Guidelines for the use of prophylactic anti-D immunoglobulin. British Committee for Standards in Haematology [2006]
    • Guideline for blood grouping and antibody testing in pregnancy. British Committee for Standards in Haematology [2006]
    • Screening for Rh(D) incompatibility: recommendation statement. U.S. Preventive Services Task Force [2004]
• Articles in journals
  • Archives of Disease in Childhood
    • Systematic review of intravenous immunoglobulin in haemolytic disease of the newborn [2003]
    • Anti-D prophylaxis in 1997: The Edinburgh Consensus Statement [1998]
  • British Medical Journal
    • Management of pregnancies with RhD alloimmunisation [2005]
    • Addendum for guidelines for blood grouping and red cell antibody testing during pregnancy [1999]
    • Rate of RhD sensitisation before and after implementation of a community based antenatal prophylaxis programme [1997]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Prenatal screening and diagnosis
    • Obstetrics, perinatology

Skin diseases in pregnancy

• International
  • Cochrane Library
    • Safety of topical corticosteroids in pregnancy [2009]
    • Creams for preventing stretch marks in pregnancy [2009]
    • Antihistamines versus aspirin for itching in late pregnancy [2009]
• New Zealand
  • DermNet
    • Acne in pregnancy [2007]
• Articles in journals
  • American Family Physician
    • Common Skin Conditions During Pregnancy [2007]
  • Skin Therapy Letter
    • A Practical Guide to Dermatological Drug Use in Pregnancy [2006]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Obstetrics, perinatology

Smoking in pregnancy

• Australia
  • Royal Children's Hospital
    • Preventing Smoking During Pregnancy Practice Resource [2007]
• Australia, New Zealand
  • Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Assistance with Smoking Cessation During Pregnancy [Collection of guidelines]
    • Women and smoking [2006]
• Canada
  • British Columbia Perinatal Health Program
    • Tobacco Use in the Perinatal Period [2006]
• International
  • Cochrane Library
    • Interventions for promoting smoking cessation during pregnancy [2009]
• United Kingdom
  • Attract
    • Is it safe to prescribe nicotine replacement therapy in pregnant women? [2007]
    • Should pregnant smokers use nicotine-replacement therapy? [2005]
  • British Medical Association
    • Smoking and reproductive life [2004]
• United States of America
  • Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
    • Counseling to Prevent Tobacco Use and Tobacco-Caused Disease: Recommendation Statement [2009]
  • CDC Birth Defects
    • Association between Maternal Smoking and Craniosynostosis [2000]
  • CDC Reproductive Health
    • Smoking during Pregnancy [Collection of guidelines]
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Smoking During Pregnancy --- United States, 1990--2002 [2004]
  • National Guideline Clearinghouse
    • Counseling and interventions to prevent tobacco use and tobacco-caused disease in adults and pregnant women: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force reaffirmation recommendation statement [2009]
    • Smoking cessation services in primary care, pharmacies, local authorities and workplaces, particularly for manual working groups, pregnant women and hard to reach communities. National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence [2008]
  • Washington State Department of Health
    • Smoking During Pregnancy [2006]
    • Smoking Cessation During Pregnancy: Guidelines for Intervention [2002]
• Articles in journals
  • Archives of Disease in Childhood
    • Adverse health effects of prenatal and postnatal tobacco smoke exposure on children [2003]
  • BMC Pediatrics
    • Qualitatively and quantitatively similar effects of active and passive maternal tobacco smoke exposure on in uteromutagenesis at the HPRTlocus [2005]
  • Canadian Medical Association Journal
    • Smoking and women's health: opportunities to reduce the burden of smoking during pregnancy [2000]
  • Journal of the American Board of Family Practice
    • Smoking Cessation in Pregnancy: A Review of Postpartum Relapse Prevention Strategies [2004]
  • Medical Journal of Australia
    • Quitting smoking in pregnancy [2001]
  • Pediatrics
    • Prenatal and Postnatal Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure and Children's Health [2004]
  • Thorax
    • Parental smoking and spirometric indices in children [1998]
  • Tobacco Control
    • Parental smoking and children's respiratory health: independent effects of prenatal and postnatal exposure [2006]
    • Smoking and Pregnancy: Research Findings from the Smoke-Free Families Program [2000]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Obstetrics, perinatology

Stillbirth, perinatal mortality

• Canada
  • British Columbia Perinatal Health Program
    • Investigation and Assessment of Stillbirth [2000]
  • Canadian Paediatric Society
    • Guidelines for health care professionals supporting families experiencing a perinatal loss [2001]
  • Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada
    • Stillbirth and bereavement : guidelines for stillbirth investigation [2006]
• International
  • Cochrane Library
    • Support for women/families after perinatal death [2009]
• United Kingdom
  • Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Fetal and Perinatal Pathology (Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists and the Royal College of Pathology) [2001]
• United States of America
  • National Guideline Clearinghouse
    • Management of stillbirth. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists [2009]
    • Stillbirth and bereavement: guidelines for stillbirth investigation. Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada [2006]
• WHO
  • World Health Organization
    • Neonatal and perinatal mortality: : country, regional and global estimates 2004 [2007]
• Articles in journals
  • Archives of Disease in Childhood
    • Two hundred years of evidence-based perinatal care: late-fetal mortality in the past [2006]
    • Perinatal pathology in 2001 [2001]
  • British Medical Journal
    • Classification of stillbirth by relevant condition at death (ReCoDe): population based cohort study [2005]
  • Canadian Medical Association Journal
    • Maternal age and risk of stillbirth: a systematic review [2008]
  • Health Policy and Planning
    • Introducing qualitative perinatal audit in a tertiary hospital in Sudan [2002]
  • Reproductive Health
    • The prevalence of stillbirths: a systematic review [2006]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Obstetrics, perinatology
    • Miscarriage

Substance-related disorders in pregnancy

• Australia
  • NSW Health
    • National Clinical Guidelines for the Management of Drug Use During Pregnancy, Birth and the Early Development Years of the Newborn [2006]
    • Background Papers to the National Clinical Guidelines for the management of drug use during pregnancy, birth and the early development years of the newborn [2006]
  • Women & Newborn Health Service - Western Australia
    • Substance use management intrapartum [2008]
    • Substance Use Management Post Partum [2008]
• Canada
  • Manitoba Health
    • A Study of the Service Needs of Pregnant Addicted Women in Manitoba [2000]
• International
  • Cochrane Library
    • Sedatives for opiate withdrawal in newborn infants [2009]
    • Opiate treatment for opiate withdrawal in newborn infants [2009]
    • Maintenance agonist treatments for opiate dependent pregnant women [2009]
• New Zealand
  • Auckland District Health Board
    • Infants Born to Drug Dependent Mothers [2004]
    • Narcotic Depression in the Newborn Infant [2001]
• United States of America
  • American Academy of Addiction Psychiatry
    • Use of Illegal Substances by Pregnant Women [2001]
  • American Academy of Pediatrics
    • Neonatal Drug Withdrawal [1998]
  • Guttmacher Institute
    • State Responses to Substance Abuse Among Pregnant Women [2000]
  • National Guideline Clearinghouse
    • Medication-assisted treatment for opioid addiction in opioid treatment programs: Medication-assisted treatment for opioid addiction during pregnancy. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration [2005]
  • Washington State Department of Health
    • Maternal Substance Abuse Screening [Collection of guidelines]
• Articles in journals
  • American Journal of Psychiatry
    • Maternal Lifestyle Factors in Pregnancy Risk of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Associated Behaviors: Review of the Current Evidence [2003]
  • Annals Academy of Medicine Singapore
    • Marijuana in pregnancy [2004]
  • Archives of Disease in Childhood
    • Treatment of neonatal abstinence syndrome [2003]
  • Canadian Family Physician
    • Methadone exposure during lactation [2008]
  • Canadian Journal of Anesthesia
    • The cocaine abusing parturient: a review of anesthetic considerations [2004]
  • Clinical Chemistry
    • Detection of intrauterine illicit drug exposure by newborn drug testing [1997]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Obstetrics, perinatology

Thyroid diseases in pregnancy

• Canada
  • Thyroid Foundation of Canada
    • Thyroid Disorders and Pregnancy [2000]
• United States of America
  • American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists
    • AACE Position Statement on Subclinical Hypothyroidism during Pregnancy [1999]
  • Endocrine Society
    • Management of Thyroid Dysfunction during Pregnancy and Postpartum: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline [2007]
  • National Guideline Clearinghouse
    • Management of thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy and postpartum: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline [2007]
• Articles in journals
  • Canadian Family Physician
    • Hyperthyroidism during pregnancy [2009]
    • Hypothyroidism during pregnancy [2004]
  • Clinical Chemistry
    • Thyroid Function during Pregnancy [1999]
  • Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
    • Diagnosing Thyroid Dysfunction in Pregnant Women: Is Case Finding Enough? [2007]
    • Postpartum Autoimmune Thyroid Disease: The Potential Role of Fetal Microchimerism [2003]
    • Postpartum Thyroiditis [2002]
    • The Use of Antithyroid Drugs in Pregnancy and Lactation [2001]
    • Hypothyroidism in Pregnancy: Consequences to Neonatal Health [2001]
    • Damaged Reproduction: The Most Important Consequence of Iodine Deficiency [2001]
    • Is Neuropsychological Development Related to Maternal Hypothyroidism or to Maternal Hypothyroxinemia? [2000]
  • Journal of Clinical Pathology
    • Screening for thyroid disease in pregnancy [2005]
  • PLoS Medicine
    • Thyrotoxicosis and Pregnancy [2005]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Obstetrics, perinatology
    • Neonatal thyroid disorders

Trauma in pregnancy

• United States of America
  • Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma
    • Practice Management Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Injury in the Pregnant Patient [2005]
  • National Guideline Clearinghouse
    • Practice management guidelines for the diagnosis and management of injury in the pregnant patient: the EAST Practice Management Guidelines Work Group [2005]
• Articles in journals
  • American Family Physician
    • Blunt Trauma in Pregnancy [2004]
  • Canadian Family Physician
    • Electric shock during pregnancy [2003]
  • Canadian Journal of Anesthesia
    • Trauma in pregnancy [2001]
• {Related topics}
  • Guidelines
    • Obstetrics, perinatology