Pregnancy

Guidelines, reviews, epidemiology

Antenatal care

• Afghanistan
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Quality of antenatal care services in Afghanistan: findings from the national survey 2022-2023 [2025]
    • Associations of antenatal care visit with utilization of institutional delivery care services in Afghanistan: intersections of education, wealth, and household decision-making autonomy [2022]
    • Afghan women's empowerment and antenatal care utilization: a population-based cross-sectional study [2022]
• Africa
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • First trimester antenatal care contact in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence and contributing factors [2023]
  • WHO African Region
    • Antenatal care for a positive pregnancy experience—health worker training: facilitator’s manual [2024]
• Australia
  • Australian Family Physician
    • Antenatal care in Australian general practice [2016]
    • Antenatal care for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women [2014]
  • Australian Institute of Health and Welfare
    • Antenatal care in the first trimester
    • Antenatal care
  • Department of Health, Disability and Ageing
    • Australian Pregnancy Care Guidelines [2024]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Pregnancy Apps for Self-Monitoring: Scoping Review of the Most Popular Global Apps Available in Australia [2023]
  • Royal Australian College of General Practitioners
    • First antenatal visit
    • During pregnancy
  • SA Health
    • Antenatal Care
• Australia, New Zealand
  • Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Routine antenatal assessment in the absence of pregnancy complications [2022]
• Bangladesh
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Does dropout from school matter in taking antenatal care visits among women in Bangladesh? An application of marginalized poisson-poisson mixture model [2022]
  • International Journal of Public Health
    • Maternal Pregnancy Intention and Antenatal Care Seeking Behaviors in Bangladesh: Evidence From Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey, 2018 [2023]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Quality of antenatal care and its potential impacts on delivery services and postnatal care compliance among reproductive women in Bangladesh: A situation analysis from the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2017 [2025]
    • Association of quality antenatal care and completion of eight or more antenatal care visits with skilled delivery care utilization among pregnant women in Bangladesh: A nationwide population-based study [2025]
    • Levels and determinants of quality antenatal care in Bangladesh: Evidence from the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey [2023]
    • Determinants of frequency and contents of antenatal care visits in Bangladesh: Assessing the extent of compliance with the WHO recommendations [2019]
    • Maternal Pregnancy Intention and Professional Antenatal Care Utilization in Bangladesh: A Nationwide Population-Based Survey [2016]
• Barbados
  • Ministry of Health and Wellness Barbados
    • Guidelines for Antenatal Care [2017]
• Belgium, Netherlands
  • BMC Health Services Research
    • Antenatal care use in urban areas in two European countries: Predisposing, enabling and pregnancy-related determinants in Belgium and the Netherlands [2016]
• Benin
  • BMC Health Services Research
    • Trends and inequalities in antenatal care coverage in Benin (2006-2017): an application of World Health Organization's Health Equity Assessment Toolkit [2024]
  • Journal of the Egyptian Public Health Association
    • Women’s enlightenment and early antenatal care initiation are determining factors for the use of eight or more antenatal visits in Benin: further analysis of the Demographic and Health Survey [2020]
• Brazil
  • Ciência & Saúde Coletiva
    • Prenatal care of Brazilian women: racial inequalities and their implications for care [2022]
    • Assessment of the completeness of filling the pregnant woman's card from the Ministry of Health: a national, cross-sectional study [2022]
  • Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia
    • Low-Risk Antenatal Care Enhanced by Telemedicine: A Practical Guideline Model [2022]
  • Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem
    • Infant mortality and prenatal care: contributions of the clinic in the light of Canguilhem and Foucault [2012]
• Burkina Faso
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • Factors associated with adequate antenatal care use among women of childbearing age in Burkina Faso: finding from the 2010 and 2021 demographic and health surveys [2025]
• Burundi
  • PLoS ONE
    • Spatial distribution and predictive factors of antenatal care in Burundi: A spatial and multilevel baseline analysis for the third burundian demographic and health survey [2023]
• Canada
  • Perinatal Services BC
    • Prenatal Primary Care
  • Public Health Agency of Canada
    • Care during pregnancy
• China
  • BMC Public Health
    • Analysis of the relationship between the quality of antenatal care examinations and the incidence of preterm birth and low birth weight [2024]
    • Current status of antenatal care of pregnant women—8 provinces in China, 2018 [2021]
  • Journal of Medical Internet Research
    • Present Situation and the Future Development of Web-Based Prenatal Education in China: Cross-sectional Web-Based Survey [2022]
• Colombia
  • Cadernos de Saúde Pública
    • Individual and local level factors and antenatal care use in Colombia: a multilevel analysis [2014]
• Denmark
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Implementation, Mechanisms and Context of the MAMAACT Intervention to Reduce Ethnic and Social Disparity in Stillbirth and Infant Health [2021]
    • Universal or Targeted Antenatal Care for Immigrant Women? Mapping and Qualitative Analysis of Practices in Denmark [2019]
• Developed countries
  • International Journal of Medical Informatics
    • Virtual prenatal care: A systematic review of pregnant women's and healthcare professionals' experiences, needs, and preferences for quality care [2023]
• East Africa
  • PLOS Global Public Health
    • Trends and determinants of late antenatal care initiation in three East African countries, 2007-2016: A population based cross-sectional analysis [2022]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Time to first antenatal care contact and pooled prevalence among reproductive-age women in East Africa: Log-logistic shared frailty model [2025]
  • Scientific Reports
    • The effects of ANC follow up on essential newborn care practices in east Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2021]
• Egypt
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Temporal and regional variations in use, equity and quality of antenatal care in Egypt: a repeat cross-sectional analysis using Demographic and Health Surveys [2019]
• Ethiopia
  • Archives of Public Health
    • Trends and determinants of an acceptable antenatal care coverage in Ethiopia, evidence from 2005-2016 Ethiopian demographic and health survey; Multivariate decomposition analysis [2020]
    • Impact of antenatal care on neonatal mortality among neonates in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2020]
  • BMC Health Services Research
    • The effect of antenatal care on use of institutional delivery service and postnatal care in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2018]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Provision of recommended antenatal care services in Ethiopia: missed opportunity for screening and counselling [2025]
    • Level of and trends in women's empowerment inequalities in antenatal care services in Ethiopia: further analysis of the Ethiopia demographic and health surveys, 2000-16 [2025]
    • Inadequacy of antenatal care attendance and its determinants amongst pregnant women in Ethiopia based on the 2019 Mini-Ethiopian demographic health survey: secondary data analysis [2024]
    • Time to first antenatal care booking and its determinants among pregnant women in Ethiopia: survival analysis of recent evidence from EDHS 2019 [2022]
    • Determinants of recommended antenatal care visits among pregnant women in Ethiopia: a generalized linear mixed-effects modeling [2022]
    • The impact of antenatal care on under-five mortality in Ethiopia: a difference-in-differences analysis [2021]
    • Prevalence and factors associated with antenatal care utilization in Ethiopia: an evidence from demographic health survey 2016 [2020]
    • Male partner attendance at antenatal care and adherence to antenatal care guidelines: secondary analysis of 2011 Ethiopian demographic and health survey data [2018]
    • Quality of antenatal care services and completion of four or more antenatal care visits in Ethiopia: a finding based on a demographic and health survey [2017]
    • Disparities in the use of antenatal care service in Ethiopia over a period of fifteen years [2013]
  • BMC Public Health
    • Antenatal care strengthening for improved quality of care in Jimma, Ethiopia: an effectiveness study [2015]
  • BMJ Open
    • Male involvement in antenatal care follow-up and its determinants in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2024]
    • Spatial distribution of delayed initiation of antenatal care visits and associated factors among reproductive age women in Ethiopia: spatial and multilevel analysis of 2019 mini-demographic and health survey [2023]
    • Multilevel analysis of quality of antenatal care and associated factors among pregnant women in Ethiopia: a community based cross-sectional study [2022]
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • Factors associated with inadequate prenatal care service utilization in Ethiopia according to the WHO recommended standard guidelines [2022]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Completion of the Continuum of Maternity Care in the Emerging Regions of Ethiopia: Analysis of the 2019 Demographic and Health Survey [2023]
    • Multilevel Modelling of the Individual and Regional Level Variability in Predictors of Incomplete Antenatal Care Visit among Women of Reproductive Age in Ethiopia: Classical and Bayesian Approaches [2022]
    • Trends and Determinants of Antenatal Care Service Use in Ethiopia between 2000 and 2016 [2019]
  • Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine
    • Understanding the association of mass media with the timing of antenatal care in Ethiopia: an impression from the 2016 Ethiopia demographic and health survey [2023]
  • Ministry of Health Ethiopia
    • National Antenatal Care Guideline [2022]
  • Obstetrics and Gynecology International
    • Determinants of Antenatal Care Service Satisfaction among Women in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2022]
  • PLoS ONE
    • What we know and don't know about the antenatal care service utilization in Ethiopia: A scoping review of the literature [2025]
    • Trends and socioeconomic inequalities of recommended antenatal care services utilization in Ethiopia: A decomposition analysis using Ethiopian nationwide Demographic Health Surveys 2011-2019 [2025]
    • Sufficiency and consistency of antenatal care services in Ethiopia: Evidence from Mini Ethiopian demographic and health survey [2025]
    • Individual and community level determinants of delayed antenatal care initiation in Ethiopia: A multilevel analysis of the 2019 Ethiopian Mini Demographic Health Survey [2024]
    • Antenatal care component utilization and associated factors among pregnant women in Ethiopia: Multilevel analysis of Ethiopian Mini Demographic and Health survey 2019 [2024]
    • Magnitude of optimal access to ANC and its predictors in Ethiopia: Multilevel mixed effect analysis of nationally representative cross-sectional survey [2023]
    • Determinants of early initiation of first antenatal care visit in Ethiopia based on the 2019 Ethiopia mini-demographic and health survey: A multilevel analysis [2023]
    • Assessing the association between an early and recommended number of focused antenatal care visits and the number of prenatal care content received before delivery in Ethiopia [2023]
    • The effect of antenatal care on perinatal outcomes in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2021]
    • Survival time to first antenatal care visit and its predictors among women in Ethiopia [2021]
    • Determinants of change in timely first antenatal booking among pregnant women in Ethiopia: A decomposition analysis [2021]
    • Prevalence and associated factors of delayed first antenatal care booking among reproductive age women in Ethiopia; a multilevel analysis of EDHS 2016 data [2020]
    • Factors affecting utilization of antenatal care in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2019]
    • Timing and adequate attendance of antenatal care visits among women in Ethiopia [2017]
  • Reproductive Health
    • Trend change in delayed first antenatal care visit among reproductive-aged women in Ethiopia: multivariate decomposition analysis [2022]
    • The effect of national antenatal care guidelines and provider training on obstetric danger sign counselling: a propensity score matching analysis of the 2014 Ethiopia service provision assessment plus survey [2022]
    • Timing of first antenatal care visits and number of items of antenatal care contents received and associated factors in Ethiopia: multilevel mixed effects analysis [2021]
  • Systematic Reviews
    • Association between pregnancy intention and late initiation of antenatal care among pregnant women in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2020]
• Europe
  • BMC Health Services Research
    • Ethnic minority women's experiences of accessing antenatal care in high income European countries: a systematic review [2023]
  • European Standards of Care for Newborn Health
    • Collaboration with parents in ante- and perinatal care
• FCAS
  • Conflict and Health
    • Factors impacting antenatal care utilization: a systematic review of 37 fragile and conflict-affected situations [2022]
• Gambia
  • BMC Public Health
    • The magnitude and determinants of delayed initiation of antenatal care among pregnant women in Gambia; evidence from Gambia demographic and health survey data [2023]
• Georgia
  • PLoS ONE
    • The impact of antenatal care utilization on admissions to neonatal intensive care units and perinatal mortality in Georgia [2020]
• Ghana
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Non-adherence to WHO's recommended 8-contact model: geospatial analysis of the 2017 Maternal Health Survey [2023]
    • Trends in antenatal care visits and associated factors in Ghana from 2006 to 2018 [2022]
    • Inequalities in antenatal care in Ghana, 1998-2014 [2022]
    • Determinants of stillbirths in Ghana: does quality of antenatal care matter? [2016]
  • BMJ Open
    • Correlates of late initiation and underutilisation of the recommended eight or more antenatal care visits among women of reproductive age: insights from the 2019 Ghana Malaria Indicator Survey [2022]
  • International Journal of Women's Health
    • Prevalence and Socioeconomic Inequalities in Eight or More Antenatal Care Contacts in Ghana: Findings from 2019 Population-Based Data [2021]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Client Factors Affect Provider Adherence to Clinical Guidelines during First Antenatal Care [2016]
• High-income countries
  • Health & Social Care in the Community
    • Facilitators and barriers to seeking and engaging with antenatal care in high-income countries: A meta-synthesis of qualitative research [2022]
  • JMIR mHealth and uHealth
    • Mobile Phone–Based Behavioral Interventions in Pregnancy to Promote Maternal and Fetal Health in High-Income Countries: Systematic Review [2020]
    • The Usability and Effectiveness of Mobile Health Technology–Based Lifestyle and Medical Intervention Apps Supporting Health Care During Pregnancy: Systematic Review [2018]
  • Sexual & Reproductive Healthcare
    • Antenatal care policy in high-income countries with a universal health system: A scoping review [2022]
• India
  • BMC Public Health
    • Factors associated with inadequate receipt of components and non-use of antenatal care services in India: a regional analysis [2023]
  • Federation of Obstetric and Gynecological Societies of India
    • Routine Antenatal Care for the Healthy Pregnant Women [2024]
  • Health Services Research
    • Long-term trend in socioeconomic inequalities and geographic variation in the utilization of antenatal care service in India between 1998 and 2015 [2020]
  • Journal of Global Health
    • Trends in the quality of antenatal care in India: Patterns of change across 36 states and union territories, 1999-2021 [2024]
  • Ministry of Health and Family Welfare India
    • Guidelines for Antenatal Care and Skilled Attendance at Birth [2010]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Does women's decision-making autonomy matter in utilization of antenatal care services in India? An analysis from nationally representative survey [2024]
    • Factors associated with underutilization of antenatal care in India: Results from 2019-2021 National Family Health Survey [2023]
    • Generating evidence on screening, diagnosis and management of non-communicable diseases during pregnancy; a scoping review of current gap and practice in India with a comparison of Asian context [2021]
  • Scientific Reports
    • Inequality in time to first antenatal care visits and its predictors among pregnant women in India: an evidence from national family health survey [2023]
• International
  • BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology
    • What matters to women: a systematic scoping review to identify the processes and outcomes of antenatal care provision that are important to healthy pregnant women [2015]
    • Antenatal care for healthy pregnant women: a mapping of interventions from existing guidelines to inform the development of new WHO guidance on antenatal care [2015]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • A scoping review of digital technologies in antenatal care: recent progress and applications of digital technologies [2025]
  • BMJ Global Health
    • Implementation of the new WHO antenatal care model for a positive pregnancy experience: a monitoring framework [2020]
  • BMJ Open
    • Developing measures for WHO recommendations on antenatal care for a positive pregnancy experience: a conceptual framework and scoping review [2019]
  • Global Health: Science and Practice
    • Integrated Person-Centered Health Care for All Women During Pregnancy: Implementing World Health Organization Recommendations on Antenatal Care for a Positive Pregnancy Experience [2017]
  • Health Research Policy and Systems
    • Development of the WHO Antenatal Care Recommendations Adaptation Toolkit: a standardised approach for countries [2020]
  • JAMA Network Open
    • Implementation of Antenatal Lifestyle Interventions Into Routine Care: Secondary Analysis of a Systematic Review [2022]
  • Journal of Medical Internet Research
    • Building a Digital Tool for the Adoption of the World Health Organization’s Antenatal Care Recommendations: Methodological Intersection of Evidence, Clinical Logic, and Digital Technology [2020]
  • Lancet Global Health
    • Early antenatal care visit: a systematic analysis of regional and global levels and trends of coverage from 1990 to 2013 [2017]
  • Reproductive Health
    • A systematic review of providers’ experiences of facilitating group antenatal care [2021]
  • United Nations Children's Fund - UNICEF
    • Antenatal care
• Japan
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Regional socio-environmental characteristics associated with inadequate prenatal care during pregnancy: an ecological study of 47 prefectures in Japan [2021]
• Kenya
  • Reproductive Health
    • Pregnancy wantedness, frequency and timing of antenatal care visit among women of childbearing age in Kenya [2016]
• Lebanon
  • Conflict and Health
    • An assessment of antenatal care among Syrian refugees in Lebanon [2015]
• Liberia
  • PLOS Global Public Health
    • Effects of socioeconomic factors and booking time on the WHO recommended eight antenatal care contacts in Liberia [2022]
• Low and middle income countries
  • BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology
    • Barriers and enablers to integrating maternal and child health services to antenatal care in low and middle income countries [2016]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Input, process, and output factors contributing to quality of antenatal care services: a scoping review of evidence [2022]
  • BMJ Global Health
    • Not just a number: examining coverage and content of antenatal care in low-income and middle-income countries [2018]
  • BMJ Open
    • Effectiveness of SMS-based interventions in enhancing antenatal care in developing countries: a systematic review [2025]
    • Effects of women's economic empowerment interventions on antenatal care outcomes: a systematic review [2023]
    • Impact of conditional cash transfer programmes on antenatal care service uptake in low and middle-income countries: a systematic review [2022]
  • F1000Research
    • Incentives for pregnant mothers during antenatal care for better maternal and neonatal health outcomes in low and middle income countries: A systematic review protocol [2022]
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • Pooled prevalence and determinants of antenatal care visits in countries with high maternal mortality: A multi-country analysis [2023]
  • Global Pediatric Health
    • Prevalence of Eight or More Antenatal Care Contacts: Findings From Multi-Country Nationally Representative Data [2021]
  • International Journal for Equity in Health
    • Inequalities in antenatal care coverage and quality: an analysis from 63 low and middle-income countries using the ANCq content-qualified coverage indicator [2021]
  • Journal of Global Health
    • A new content-qualified antenatal care coverage indicator: Development and validation of a score using national health surveys in low- and middle-income countries [2021]
    • Timing and number of antenatal care contacts in low and middle-income countries: Analysis in the Countdown to 2030 priority countries [2020]
  • Journal of Medical Internet Research
    • Effects of mHealth Interventions on Improving Antenatal Care Visits and Skilled Delivery Care in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis [2022]
  • Journal of Midwifery & Women's Health
    • Building a Global Evidence Base to Guide Policy and Implementation for Group Antenatal Care in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Key Principles and Research Framework Recommendations from the Global Group Antenatal Care Collaborative [2020]
  • PLoS Medicine
    • Association between achieving adequate antenatal care and health-seeking behaviors: A study of Demographic and Health Surveys in 47 low- and middle-income countries [2024]
  • Primary Health Care Research & Development
    • Health system-related barriers to prenatal care management in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review of the qualitative literature [2023]
  • Seminars in Perinatology
    • Trends of antenatal care during pregnancy in low- and middle-income countries: Findings from the global network maternal and newborn health registry [2019]
• Malawi
  • PLoS ONE
    • Assessment of quality of antenatal care services and associated factors in Malawi: Insights from a nationwide household survey [2024]
• Malaysia
  • PLoS ONE
    • Antenatal Care Utilisation and Content between Low-Risk and High-Risk Pregnant Women [2016]
    • Assessing the Extent of Adherence to the Recommended Antenatal Care Content in Malaysia: Room for Improvement [2015]
• Maldives
  • Ministry of Health Maldives
    • National Guideline on Antenatal and Postnatal Care in the Maldives [2022]
• Mali
  • BMJ Global Health
    • Effect of community health worker home visits on antenatal care and institutional delivery: an analysis of secondary outcomes from a cluster randomised trial in Mali [2023]
• Mauritania
  • BMC Public Health
    • Sub-regional disparities in the use of antenatal care service in Mauritania: findings from nationally representative demographic and health surveys (2011–2015) [2021]
• Mesoamerica
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Coverage and timing of antenatal care among poor women in 6 Mesoamerican countries [2016]
• Mozambique
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Challenges and opportunities for implementing evidence-based antenatal care in Mozambique: a qualitative study [2015]
• Myanmar
  • BMJ Global Health
    • Country compliance with WHO-recommended antenatal care guidelines: equity analysis of the 2015–2016 Demography and Health Survey in Myanmar [2020]
  • Ministry of Health and Sports
    • National Guidelines for Antenatal Care [2018]
• Nepal
  • BMC Public Health
    • Inequalities in antenatal care service utilization in Nepal: evidence from nationally representative Nepal multiple indictor cluster surveys 2014 and 2019 [2025]
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • Timing of First Antenatal Care (ANC) and Inequalities in Early Initiation of ANC in Nepal [2017]
• New Zealand
  • New Zealand College of Midwives
    • Assessment and promotion of fetal wellbeing during pregnancy [2021]
• Nigeria
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Assessing the antenatal care-seeking determinants associated with the penetration of the WHO eight-visit antenatal care policy across states in Nigeria [2025]
    • Sub-national analysis and determinants of numbers of antenatal care contacts in Nigeria: assessing the compliance with the WHO recommended standard guidelines [2021]
  • BMJ Open
    • Timing of first antenatal care contact, its associated factors and state-level analysis in Nigeria: a cross-sectional assessment of compliance with the WHO guidelines [2021]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Differential Associated Factors for Inadequate Receipt of Components and Non-Use of Antenatal Care Services among Adolescent, Young, and Older Women in Nigeria [2023]
    • Patterns and Predictors of Insufficient Antenatal Care Utilization in Nigeria over a Decade: A Pooled Data Analysis Using Demographic and Health Surveys [2020]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Antenatal care utilisation and receipt of its components in Nigeria: Assessing disparities between rural and urban areas-A nationwide population-based study [2024]
    • Prevalence and factors associated with underutilization of antenatal care services in Nigeria: A comparative study of rural and urban residences based on the 2013 Nigeria demographic and health survey [2018]
  • Reproductive Health
    • Assessment of quality of antenatal care services in Nigeria: evidence from a population-based survey [2015]
• Norway
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Utilization of antenatal care among immigrant women in Norway: a nationwide register-based cohort study [2025]
  • Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening
    • Prenatal health of immigrant women in Norway – an exploratory literature review [2021]
• Peru
  • Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia
    • Prevalence and Determinants of Adequate Compliance with Antenatal Care in Peru [2021]
• Philippines
  • BMJ Open
    • Reduction in inequality in antenatal-care use and persistence of inequality in skilled birth attendance in the Philippines from 1993 to 2008 [2013]
• Republic of Guinea
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Determinants of antenatal care and skilled birth attendance services utilization among childbearing women in Guinea: evidence from the 2018 Guinea Demographic and Health Survey data [2021]
• Rwanda
  • BMC Health Services Research
    • Evolution and determinants of antenatal care services utilization among women of reproductive age in Rwanda: a scoping review [2024]
    • Determinants of timing, adequacy and quality of antenatal care in Rwanda: a cross-sectional study using demographic and health surveys data [2023]
    • Factors associated with utilization of quality antenatal care: a secondary data analysis of Rwandan Demographic Health Survey 2020 [2022]
    • Quality of antenatal care services in Rwanda: assessing practices of health care providers [2018]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Person-centered antenatal care and associated factors in Rwanda: a secondary analysis of program data [2021]
  • Ministry of Health Rwanda
    • National Antenatal Care Guidelines [2020]
  • Pan African Medical Journal
    • Prevalence and risk factors for delayed antenatal care visits in Rwanda: an analysis of secondary data from Rwanda demographic health survey 2019-2020 [2023]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Factors associated with receipt of adequate antenatal care among women in Rwanda: A secondary analysis of the 2019-20 Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey [2023]
• Rwanda, Zambia
  • Digital Health
    • Integration of new digital antenatal care tools using the WHO SMART guideline approach: Experiences from Rwanda and Zambia [2022]
• Sierra Leone
  • BMC Health Services Research
    • Status of the latest 2016 World Health Organization recommended frequency of antenatal care contacts in Sierra Leone: a nationally representative survey [2022]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Socio-economic disadvantage and quality Antenatal Care (ANC) in Sierra Leone: Evidence from Demographic and Health Survey [2023]
• South Africa
  • Bulletin of the World Health Organization
    • Implementing antenatal care recommendations, South Africa [2021]
• South Asia
  • AJOG Global Reports
    • Does provision of antenatal care in Southern Asia improve neonatal survival? A systematic review and meta-analysis [2022]
  • BMJ Open
    • Do women’s empowerment and socioeconomic status predict the adequacy of antenatal care? A cross-sectional study in five South Asian countries [2021]
• South-East Asia
  • BMC Public Health
    • Urban-rural disparities of antenatal care in South East Asia: a case study in the Philippines and Indonesia [2021]
• Southern Africa
  • Demographic and Health Surveys
    • Factors That Affect Utilization of Antenatal Care among Recently Pregnant Women in Three Southern African Countries: Focus on the Role of Intimate Partner Violence (English) [2024]
• Sub-Saharan Africa
  • BioMed Research International
    • Noncompliance with the WHO's Recommended Eight Antenatal Care Visits among Pregnant Women in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Multilevel Analysis [2021]
  • BMC Health Services Research
    • Compliance with the 2016 WHO's antenatal care recommendation and its determinants among women in Sub-Saharan Africa: a multilevel-analysis of population survey data [2024]
    • Examining barriers to healthcare access and utilization of antenatal care services: evidence from demographic health surveys in sub-Saharan Africa [2021]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Multilevel analysis of late antenatal care booking and its predictors among pregnant women in extremely high and very high maternal mortality sub-Saharan African countries: evidence from recent demographic and health surveys data [2025]
    • Spatial variation and inequities in antenatal care coverage in Kenya, Uganda and mainland Tanzania using model-based geostatistics: a socioeconomic and geographical accessibility lens [2022]
    • Skilled antenatal care services utilisation in sub-Saharan Africa: a pooled analysis of demographic and health surveys from 32 countries [2022]
    • Temporal relationship between Women’s empowerment and utilization of antenatal care services: lessons from four National Surveys in sub-Saharan Africa [2021]
    • Determinants of completing recommended antenatal care utilization in sub-Saharan from 2006 to 2018: evidence from 36 countries using Demographic and Health Surveys [2021]
    • Interventions to improve adherence to antenatal and postnatal care regimens among pregnant women in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review [2020]
  • BMC Public Health
    • Type of occupation and early antenatal care visit among women in sub-Saharan Africa [2022]
  • BMJ Open
    • Development of indicators for integrated antenatal care service provision: a feasibility study in Burkina Faso, Kenya, Malawi, Senegal and Sierra Leone [2023]
    • Determinants of antenatal care utilisation in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review [2019]
  • Health Policy and Planning
    • Explaining socioeconomic disparities and gaps in the use of antenatal care services in 36 countries in sub-Saharan Africa [2021]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Predictors and number of antenatal care visits among reproductive age women in Sub-Saharan Africa further analysis of recent demographic and health survey from 2017-2023: Zero-inflated negative binomial regression [2024]
    • The impact of antenatal care on neonatal mortality in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2019]
• Tanzania
  • BMC Health Services Research
    • Delivery of integrated infectious disease control services under the new antenatal care guidelines: a service availability and readiness assessment of health facilities in Tanzania [2019]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Determinants of adequate antenatal care visits among pregnant women in low-resource setting: evidence from Tanzania national survey [2024]
  • BMJ Open
    • Twelve-year persistence of inequalities in antenatal care utilisation among women in Tanzania: a decomposition analysis of population-based cross-sectional surveys [2021]
  • Health Policy and Planning
    • Do antenatal care visits always contribute to facility-based delivery in Tanzania? A study of repeated cross-sectional data [2015]
  • Tropical Medicine and Health
    • Trends and factors associated with the utilisation of antenatal care services during the Millennium Development Goals era in Tanzania [2020]
• Uganda
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Factors influencing the uptake of antenatal care in Uganda: a mixed methods systematic review [2024]
    • Factors associated with Women's timing of first antenatal care visit during their last pregnancy: evidence from 2016 Uganda demographic health survey [2022]
  • BMC Women's Health
    • Exposure to different types of mass media and timing of antenatal care initiation: insights from the 2016 Uganda Demographic and Health Survey [2022]
• United Arab Emirates
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • Antenatal Care Initiation Among Pregnant Women in the United Arab Emirates: The Mutaba'ah Study [2020]
• United Kingdom
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Specific antenatal interventions for Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic (BAME) pregnant women at high risk of poor birth outcomes in the United Kingdom: a scoping review [2015]
    • Deprivation and poor psychosocial support are key determinants of late antenatal presentation and poor fetal outcomes-a combined retrospective and prospective study [2015]
  • Journal of Health Economics
    • The infant health effects of starting universal child benefits in pregnancy: Evidence from England and Wales [2023]
  • National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
    • Antenatal care (Quality standard) [2023]
    • Antenatal care - Timing of first antenatal appointment [2021]
    • Antenatal care - Referral and delivery of antenatal care [2021]
    • Antenatal care - Peer support [2021]
    • Antenatal care - Number of antenatal appointments [2021]
    • Antenatal care - Involving partners [2021]
    • Antenatal care - Information provision [2021]
    • Antenatal care - Content of antenatal appointments [2021]
    • Antenatal care - Approaches to information provision [2021]
    • Antenatal care - Antenatal classes [2021]
    • Antenatal care - Accessing antenatal care [2021]
    • Antenatal care [2021]
    • Pregnancy and complex social factors: A model for service provision for pregnant women with complex social factors [2010]
  • WISDOM
    • Antenatal Care Guideline [2024]
    • Antenatal Care for Uncomplicated Pregnancies [2023]
• United States
  • Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
    • Schedule of Visits and Televisits for Routine Antenatal Care [2022]
  • American Academy of Pediatrics
    • The Prenatal Visit [2018]
  • American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
    • Tailored Prenatal Care Delivery for Pregnant Individuals [2025]
    • Group Prenatal Care [2018]
  • American Family Physician
    • Update on Prenatal Care [2014]
  • American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology
    • Variation in guideline-based prenatal care in a commercially insured population [2022]
  • Annals of Behavioral Medicine
    • Sexual Orientation-Specific Policies Are Associated With Prenatal Care Use in the First Trimester Among Sexual Minority Women: Results From a Prospective Cohort Study [2024]
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Delayed entry into prenatal care among women with pre-pregnancy health conditions, National Birth Defects Prevention Study, 1997-2011 [2022]
  • JAMA Network Open
    • Analysis of State Medicaid Expansion and Access to Timely Prenatal Care Among Women Who Were Immigrant vs US Born [2022]
  • Maternal and Child Health Journal
    • Patient-Provider Satisfaction and Communication in U.S. Prenatal Care: A Systematic Review [2024]
  • Obstetrics & Gynecology
    • The Michigan Plan for Appropriate Tailored Healthcare in Pregnancy Prenatal Care Recommendations [2021]
  • Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine
    • Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine Special Statement: Telemedicine in obstetrics—quality and safety considerations [2023]
• WHO
  • World Health Organization
    • Digital Adaptation Kit for Antenatal Care: Operational requirements for implementing WHO recommendations in digital systems [2021]
    • WHO recommendations on antenatal care for a positive pregnancy experience [2016]
    • WHO Antenatal Care Randomized Trial: Manual for the Implementation of the new Model [2002]
    • Antenatal care coverage - at least four visits (%)
    • Antenatal Care
• Zambia
  • Ministry of Health Zambia
    • ANC guidelines for a positive pregnancy experience [2019]
• Zimbabwe
  • Health Promotion International
    • Antenatal care coverage and early childhood mortality in Zimbabwe: new interpretations from nationally representative household surveys [2024]
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Prenatal screening and diagnosis
    • Obstetrics, perinatology
    • Maternity services

Autoimmune diseases in pregnancy

• Australia
  • Australian Prescriber
    • Diagnosis and management of antiphospholipid syndrome [2024]
• Brazil
  • Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria
    • Myasthenia gravis during pregnancy: what care should be taken? [2021]
• Canada
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Trends in medications for autoimmune disorders during pregnancy and factors for their discontinuation: a population-based study [2024]
  • Canadian Rheumatology Association
    • Canadian Rheumatology Association Recommendations for the Assessment and Monitoring of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus [2018]
• Canada, Europe, United States
  • Pediatric Rheumatology
    • Maternal and infant outcomes of pregnancy associated with anti-SSA/RO antibodies: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2023]
• Canada, United States
  • Lupus
    • The association of lupus nephritis with adverse pregnancy outcomes among women with lupus in North America [2022]
• China
  • Rheumatology and Immunology Research
    • 2022 Chinese guideline for the management of pregnancy and reproduction in systemic lupus erythematosus [2023]
• Europe
  • European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology
    • Extended report: EULAR recommendations for women's health and the management of family planning, assisted reproduction, pregnancy and menopause in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and/or antiphospholipid syndrome [2017]
• Europe, United States
  • American College of Rheumatology
    • 2023 ACR/EULAR antiphospholipid syndrome classification criteria [2023]
• France
  • Rheumatology
    • Evaluation of lupus anticoagulant, damage, and remission as predictors of pregnancy complications in systemic lupus erythematosus: the French GR2 study [2022]
• Germany
  • Deutsches Ärzteblatt International
    • Pregnancy and Autoimmune Disease [2022]
  • Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde
    • Recommendations of the AGG (Section Maternal Disease) for Myasthenia Gravis in Pregnancy [2021]
• International
  • Autoimmunity Reviews
    • Pregnancy outcome predictors in antiphospholipid syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2021]
  • BioDrugs
    • Fetal and Neonatal Adverse Drug Reactions Associated with Biologics Taken During Pregnancy by Women with Autoimmune Diseases: Insights from an Analysis of the World Health Organization Pharmacovigilance Database (VigiBase®) [2023]
  • BMC Medicine
    • Pregnancy complications and autoimmune diseases in women: systematic review and meta-analysis [2024]
    • Autoimmune diseases and adverse pregnancy outcomes: an umbrella review [2024]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Association between disease activity of rheumatoid arthritis and maternal and fetal outcomes in pregnant women: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2023]
  • Drugs
    • Intrauterine Exposure to Biologics in Inflammatory Autoimmune Diseases: A Systematic Review [2020]
  • Frontiers in Global Women's Health
    • Obstetric management of the most common autoimmune diseases: A narrative review [2022]
  • International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis
    • An update on laboratory detection and interpretation of antiphospholipid antibodies for diagnosis of antiphospholipid syndrome: guidance from the ISTH-SSC Subcommittee on Lupus Anticoagulant/Antiphospholipid Antibodies [2025]
  • Journal of Clinical Medicine
    • Modern Management of Pregnancy in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: From Prenatal Counseling to Postpartum Support [2024]
  • Kidney Medicine
    • Approach to Pregnancy in Patients With Lupus Nephritis [2023]
  • Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases
    • Risk factors for pregnancy-related clinical outcome in myasthenia gravis: a systemic review and meta-analysis [2022]
• Italy
  • Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology
    • Long-term Outcome of Children Born to Women with Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases: A Multicentre, Nationwide Study on 299 Randomly Selected Individuals [2022]
  • RMD Open
    • Management of pregnancy in autoimmune rheumatic diseases: maternal disease course, gestational and neonatal outcomes and use of medications in the prospectiveItalian P-RHEUM.it study [2024]
    • Impact of rheumatoid arthritis and methotrexate on pregnancy outcomes: retrospective cohort study of the Italian Society for Rheumatology [2022]
• Mexico
  • Reumatología Clínica
    • Clinical Practice Mexican Guidelines for the Treatment of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: 2024 Update [2024]
    • Clinical practice guidelines for the management of pregnancy in women with autoimmune rheumatic diseases of the Mexican College of Rheumatology. Part II [2015]
    • Clinical practice guidelines for the management of pregnancy in women with autoimmune rheumatic diseases of the Mexican College of Rheumatology. Part I [2015]
• Republic of Korea
  • Acta Dermato-Venereologica
    • Birth Outcomes of Infants Born to Mothers with Alopecia Areata: A Nationwide Population-based Study in Korea [2025]
  • RMD Open
    • Increased risk of congenital malformations in offspring born to women with systemic lupus erythematosus in South Korea: a nationwide population-based study [2023]
• Spain
  • Reumatología Clínica
    • Pregnancy control in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus/antiphospholipid syndrome. Part 2: Pregnancy follow-up [2021]
    • Pregnancy control in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and antiphospholipid syndrome. Part 1: Infertility, ovarian preservation and preconception assessment. Consensus Document of the Spanish Society of Gynaecology and Obstetrics (SEGO), the Spanish Society of Internal Medicine (SEMI) and the Spanish Society of Rheumatology (SER) [2021]
• Sub-Saharan Africa
  • Lupus Science & Medicine
    • Outcomes of pregnancy and associated factors in sub-Saharan African women with systemic lupus erythematosus: a scoping review [2020]
• Taiwan
  • BMJ Open
    • Fetal-neonatal and maternal pregnancy outcomes in women with rheumatoid arthritis: a population-based cohort study [2022]
• United Kingdom
  • British Society for Rheumatology
    • The British Society for Rheumatology guideline for the management of systemic lupus erythematosus in adults [2018]
  • Right Decisions
    • Anti-Ro & Anti-La antibodies : Guideline for the management of babies born to mothers with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and other autoimmune disorders
• United States
  • American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
    • Immune Modulating Therapies in Pregnancy and Lactation [2019]
  • Frontiers in Nephrology
    • Lupus nephritis: management challenges during pregnancy [2024]
  • Lupus Science & Medicine
    • Alignment of contraception use with the ACR reproductive health guidelines in women with systemic lupus erythematosus within the RISE registry [2024]
    • Adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with systemic lupus erythematosus: can we improve predictions with machine learning? [2022]
  • RMD Open
    • Fetal and maternal morbidity in pregnant patients with Lupus: a 10-year US nationwide analysis [2023]
  • Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine
    • Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine Consult Series #64: Systemic lupus erythematosus in pregnancy [2023]
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Recurrent miscarriage, recurrent pregnancy loss: antiphospholipid syndrome
    • Obstetrics, perinatology
    • Musculoskeletal diseases in pregnancy

Bleeding in pregnancy, placenta diseases

• Australasia
  • Royal College of Pathologists of Australasia
    • Placenta
• Australia
  • Australian Institute of Health and Welfare
    • Peripartum hysterectomy in Australia: a working paper using the National Hospital Morbidity Database 2003–04 to 2013–14 [2016]
  • Better Safer Care
    • Antepartum haemorrhage: assessment and management
  • Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology
    • A practical guide to placental examination for forensic pathologists [2020]
  • Medical Journal of Australia
    • Updated Australian consensus statement on management of inherited bleeding disorders in pregnancy [2019]
  • SA Health
    • Women Who Decline Blood Transfusion
    • Morbidly Adherent Placenta Management
    • Histopathology Management of the Placenta
    • Blood Transfusion and Massive Blood Transfusion (Perinatal)
    • Bleeding in Early Pregnancy (Ectopic Pregnancy, Miscarriage, PUL)
    • Antepartum Haemorrhage (including Uterine Rupture)
• Australia, New Zealand
  • Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Placenta Accreta Spectrum (PAS) [2023]
    • Vasa praevia [2019]
• Canada
  • Perinatal Services BC
    • Placental Abruption
    • Placenta Previa/Accreta
    • First Trimester Bleeding
  • Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada
    • Diagnosis and Management of Vasa Previa [2023]
    • Diagnosis and Management of Placenta Previa [2020]
    • Screening, Diagnosis, and Management of Placenta Accreta Spectrum Disorders [2019]
• China
  • BMJ Open
    • Incidence, trends and risk factors for obstetric massive blood transfusion in China from 2012 to 2019: an observational study [2021]
  • Journal of Global Health
    • Prevalence of placenta previa among deliveries: An update systematic review and meta-analysis after the introduction of the two-child policy in Mainland China [2024]
  • Medicine
    • Prevalence of placenta previa among deliveries in Mainland China: A PRISMA-compliant systematic review and meta-analysis [2016]
  • Placenta
    • Epidemiology of placenta accreta spectrum disorders in Chinese pregnant women: A multicenter hospital-based study [2022]
• Colombia
  • Revista Colombiana de Obstetricia y Ginecología
    • Colombian Consensus on the Treatment of Placenta Accreta Spectrum (PAS) [2022]
• Denmark
  • BMC Health Services Research
    • A cost-minimisation analysis of performing point-of-care ultrasonography on patients with vaginal bleeding in early pregnancy in general practice: a decision analytical model [2022]
• Ethiopia
  • Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences
    • A Literature Review of Placenta Accreta Spectrum Disorder: The Place of Expectant Management in Ethiopian Setup [2020]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Fetal outcomes and associated factors of antepartum hemorrhage in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2025]
• Europe
  • Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica
    • Management of major obstetric hemorrhage prior to peripartum hysterectomy and outcomes across nine European countries [2021]
    • Epidemiological analysis of peripartum hysterectomy across nine European countries [2020]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Management and outcomes of women with placenta accreta spectrum grade 3: an INOSS multicountry multiperiod population-based study [2025]
• Europe, United States
  • Society of Abdominal Radiology
    • Placenta Accreta Spectrum Disorders: Update and Pictorial Review of the SAR-ESUR Joint Consensus Statement for MRI [2023]
• India
  • Federation of Obstetric and Gynecological Societies of India
    • Placenta Previa & Placenta Accreta Spectrum: Diagnosis & Management [2024]
    • Blood Transfusion in Obstetrics and Gynecology [2024]
  • International Journal of Critical Illness and Injury Science
    • Contemporary issues in the management of abnormal placentation during pregnancy in developing nations: An Indian perspective [2013]
• International
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Independent risk factors for placental abruption: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2025]
    • Prenatal ultrasound scoring in diagnosis and postpartum outcomes prediction for Placenta Accreta Spectrum (PAS): a systematic review [2024]
    • Diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound in the diagnosis of Placenta accreta spectrum: systematic review and meta-analysis [2023]
  • Frontiers in Endocrinology
    • Risk of preterm birth for placenta previa or low-lying placenta and possible preventive interventions: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2022]
  • Heliyon
    • Quality evaluation of clinical practice guidelines for placenta accreta spectrum disorders [2024]
  • Insights into Imaging
    • Performance comparison of ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging in their diagnostic accuracy of placenta accreta spectrum disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2022]
  • International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics
    • FIGO consensus guidelines on placenta accreta spectrum disorders: Prenatal diagnosis and screening [2018]
    • FIGO consensus guidelines on placenta accreta spectrum disorders: Nonconservative surgical management [2018]
    • FIGO consensus guidelines on placenta accreta spectrum disorders: Introduction [2018]
    • FIGO consensus guidelines on placenta accreta spectrum disorders: Epidemiology [2018]
    • FIGO consensus guidelines on placenta accreta spectrum disorders: Conservative management [2018]
    • FIGO Consensus Guidelines - Placenta Accreta Spectrum Disorders [2018]
  • International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
    • Pro forma for ultrasound reporting in suspected abnormally invasive placenta (AIP): an international consensus [2016]
  • International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis
    • Challenges in the management of women with type 2B von Willebrand disease during pregnancy and the postpartum period: evidence from literature and data from an international registry and physicians' survey-communication from the Scientific and Standardization Committees of the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis [2023]
    • Examining international practices in the management of pregnant women with von Willebrand disease [2022]
  • Médecins Sans Frontières
    • Bleeding during the second half of pregnancy [2019]
  • PRECISE Network
    • Standardised Methods for Developing Conceptual Frameworks for Placental Disorders of Pregnancy: Pre-Eclampsia and Stillbirth [2025]
  • Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia
    • Prophylactic internal iliac artery balloon occlusion in the management of placenta accreta spectrum disorders: a meta-analysis [2025]
  • Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology
    • Modified Delphi study of ultrasound signs associated with placenta accreta spectrum [2023]
    • Diagnosis of placenta accreta spectrum in high-risk women using ultrasonography or magnetic resonance imaging: systematic review and meta-analysis [2022]
  • Vaccine
    • Antenatal bleeding: Case definition and guidelines for data collection, analysis, and presentation of immunization safety data [2017]
• Iran
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Vaginal bleeding during pregnancy and adverse pregnancy outcomes: a nationwide population-based retrospective cohort study in Iran [2025]
• Ireland
  • Ireland's Health Services
    • Diagnosis and Management of Placenta Accreta Spectrum [2022]
• Italy
  • PLoS ONE
    • Characteristics and outcomes of pregnant women with placenta accreta spectrum in Italy: A prospective population-based cohort study [2021]
  • Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology
    • Third-trimester ultrasound for antenatal diagnosis of placenta accreta spectrum in women with placenta previa: results from the ADoPAD study [2022]
• Japan
  • Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica
    • Maternal outcomes of placental abruption with intrauterine fetal death and delivery routes: A nationwide observational study [2023]
  • International Journal of Hematology
    • Clinical practice guidelines for management of disseminated intravascular coagulation in Japan 2024: part 4-trauma, burn, obstetrics, acute pancreatitis/liver failure, and others [2025]
• Low and middle income countries
  • International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics
    • A simple guide to ultrasound screening for placenta accreta spectrum for improving detection and optimizing management in resource limited settings [2023]
• Netherlands
  • Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica
    • Nationwide confidential enquiries into maternal deaths because of obstetric hemorrhage in the Netherlands between 2006 and 2019 [2022]
  • Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine
    • Prophylactic radiologic interventions to reduce postpartum hemorrhage in women with risk factors for placenta accreta spectrum disorder: a nationwide cohort study [2023]
• New Zealand
  • New Zealand Blood Service
    • Obstetric MHP Pathway
• Norway, Sweden
  • European Journal of Epidemiology
    • Placental abruption and long-term maternal cardiovascular disease mortality: a population-based registry study in Norway and Sweden [2015]
• Switzerland
  • Swiss Medical Weekly
    • Pathologic findings of the placenta and clinical implications - recommendations for placental examination [2024]
• United Kingdom
  • National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
    • Management of unexplained vaginal bleeding in pregnancy [2021]
  • NHS England
    • Specialised maternity care for patients (child bearing age) diagnosed with abnormally invasive placenta [2020]
  • Right Decisions
    • Placenta Praevia and Placenta Accreta
  • Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Vasa Praevia: Diagnosis and Management [2018]
    • Placenta Praevia and Placenta Accreta: Diagnosis and Management [2018]
    • Management of Inherited Bleeding Disorders in Pregnancy [2017]
    • Blood Transfusions in Obstetrics [2015]
    • Antepartum Haemorrhage [2011]
  • Royal College of Pathologists
    • Tissue pathway for histopathological examination of the placenta [2022]
  • UK National Screening Committee
    • Vasa praevia
    • Placenta praevia
  • WISDOM
    • Guideline for the Care of Women who decline blood transfusion During Pregnancy, Labour, and Postnatal period [2024]
• United States
  • American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
    • Placenta Accreta Spectrum [2018]
  • American College of Radiology
    • Second and Third Trimester Vaginal Bleeding
    • Placenta Accreta Spectrum Disorder
    • First Trimester Vaginal Bleeding
  • American Family Physician
    • First Trimester Bleeding: Evaluation and Management [2019]
  • American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology
    • Criteria for placental examination for obstetrical and neonatal providers [2023]
  • Expert Review of Hematology
    • The clinical management of factor XI deficiency in pregnant women [2020]
  • Journal of Perinatology
    • Placental abruption and risk for intraventricular hemorrhage in very low birth weight infants: the United States national inpatient database [2024]
  • Modern Pathology
    • Classification and reporting guidelines for the pathology diagnosis of placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) disorders: recommendations from an expert panel [2020]
  • National Bleeding Disorders Foundation
    • MASAC Guidelines for Pregnancy and Perinatal Management of Women with Inherited Bleeding Disorders and Carriers of Hemophilia A or B [2021]
  • National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
    • Altered fetal growth, placental abnormalities, and stillbirth [2017]
    • Morbidly adherent placenta treatments and outcomes [2015]
  • Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine
    • Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine Special Statement: Emergency checklist, planning worksheet, and system preparedness bundle for placenta accreta spectrum [2024]
    • Special Report of the Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine Placenta Accreta Spectrum Ultrasound Marker Task Force: Consensus on definition of markers and approach to the ultrasound examination in pregnancies at risk for placenta accreta spectrum [2021]
    • Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine (SMFM) Consult Series #44: Management of bleeding in the late preterm period [2018]
    • #37: Diagnosis and management of vasa previa [2015]
    • Placenta accreta [2010]
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Postpartum hemorrhage
    • Obstetrics, perinatology
    • Miscarriage, pregnancy loss
    • Hematologic diseases in pregnancy, anemia in pregnancy
    • Ectopic pregnancy

Cardiovascular diseases in pregnancy

• Australia
  • Queensland Health
    • Rheumatic heart disease and pregnancy (guideline supplement)
    • Rheumatic heart disease and pregnancy
  • SA Health
    • Collapse (maternal)
    • Cardiac Disease in Pregnancy
• Benin
  • PLoS ONE
    • High prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in pregnant women in Benin [2024]
• Brazil
  • Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia
    • Brazilian Cardiology Society Statement for Management of Pregnancy and Family Planning in Women with Heart Disease – 2020 [2020]
  • PLoS ONE
    • The Impact of Cardiac Diseases during Pregnancy on Severe Maternal Morbidity and Mortality in Brazil [2015]
• Burkina Faso
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Prevalence and Factors Associated with Cardiovascular Lifestyle Risk Factors among Pregnant Women in Burkina Faso: Evidence from a Cross-Sectional Study [2022]
• Canada
  • Canadian Cardiovascular Society
    • Canadian Cardiovascular Society: Clinical Practice Update on Cardiovascular Management of the Pregnant Patient [2021]
  • Canadian Family Physician
    • Pregnancy-related cardiovascular risk indicators [2019]
• Europe
  • European Society of Cardiology
    • 2018 ESC Guidelines for the management of cardiovascular diseases during pregnancy [2018]
    • Pregnancy in women with congenital heart disease [2015]
    • ESC Guidelines on the management of cardiovascular diseases during pregnancy: the Task Force on the Management of Cardiovascular Diseases during Pregnancy of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) [2011]
    • Genetic counselling and testing in cardiomyopathies: a position statement of the European Society of Cardiology Working Group on Myocardial and Pericardial Diseases [2010]
    • Current state of knowledge on aetiology, diagnosis, management, and therapy of peripartum cardiomyopathy: a position statement from the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology Working Group on peripartum cardiomyopathy [2010]
• Germany
  • European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
    • Ivabradine use in pregnant women—treatment indications and pregnancy outcome: an evaluation of the German Embryotox database [2021]
• Germany, Hungary, Japan
  • Circulation Journal
    • Frequency of Miscarriage/Stillbirth and Terminations of Pregnancy Among Women With Congenital Heart Disease in Germany, Hungary and Japan [2016]
• High-income countries
  • Journal of the American Heart Association
    • Outcome of Pregnancy in Women With D-Transposition of the Great Arteries: A Systematic Review [2022]
• International
  • American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology
    • Perinatal outcomes in pregnancies complicated by maternal cardiomyopathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2023]
    • Maternal pregnancy outcomes in women with cardiomyopathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2022]
  • European Heart Journal
    • Management of valvular disease in pregnancy: a global perspective [2015]
  • Heart Rhythm Society
    • 2023 HRS Expert Consensus Statement on the Management of Arrhythmias During Pregnancy [2023]
  • International Heart Journal
    • Worldwide Incidence of Peripartum Cardiomyopathy and Overall Maternal Mortality [2019]
  • International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis
    • Communication from the ISTH SSC Subcommittee on Women's Health Issues in Thrombosis and Haemostasis: A Survey on Anticoagulation for Mechanical Heart Valves in Pregnancy [2021]
  • Journal of the American Heart Association
    • Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes of Pregnancies in Women With Congenital Heart Disease: A Meta-Analysis [2021]
  • Pharmacology Research & Perspectives
    • Adverse pregnancy outcomes associated with first-trimester exposure to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin II receptor blockers: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2020]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Rheumatic heart disease in pregnancy and neonatal outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2021]
  • Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance
    • Cardiovascular magnetic resonance in women with cardiovascular disease: position statement from the Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (SCMR) [2021]
  • Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology
    • Methods and considerations concerning cardiac output measurement in pregnant women: recommendations of the International Working Group on Maternal Hemodynamics [2019]
    • Functional hemodynamic testing in pregnancy: recommendations of the International Working Group on Maternal Hemodynamics [2018]
    • Assessment of venous hemodynamics and volume homeostasis during pregnancy: recommendations of the International Working Group on Maternal Hemodynamics [2018]
    • Assessment of arterial function in pregnancy: recommendations of the International Working Group on Maternal Hemodynamics [2017]
• Italy
  • Thrombosis and Haemostasis
    • Anticoagulant Therapy in Pregnant Women with Mechanical Heart Valves: Italian Federation of Centers for Diagnosis and Surveillance of the Antithrombotic Therapies (FCSA) Position Paper [2024]
• Japan
  • Circulation Journal
    • Pregnancy-Related Acute Myocardial Infarction in Japan [2013]
    • Guidelines for Indication and Management of Pregnancy and Delivery in Women with Heart Disease (JCS 2010): digest version [2012]
  • Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine
    • Pregnancy-related maternal deaths due to cardiovascular diseases in Japan from 2010 to 2019: an analysis of maternal death exploratory committee data [2023]
• Malaysia
  • Ministry of Health Malaysia
    • Heart Disease in Pregnancy [2016]
• Netherlands
  • Netherlands Heart Journal
    • Maternal mortality due to cardiovascular disease in the Netherlands: a 21-year experience [2020]
• Norway
  • Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica
    • Preeclampsia and neonatal outcomes in pregnancies with maternal congenital heart disease: A nationwide cohort study from Norway [2024]
  • Atherosclerosis
    • Use of statins and other lipid-modifying agents across pregnancy: A nationwide drug utilization study in Norway in 2005-2018 [2023]
• Oman
  • Global Heart
    • Incidence, Risk Factors, Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes of Peripartum Cardiomyopathy (PPCM) in Oman [2023]
• Republic of Korea
  • BMC Cardiovascular Disorders
    • Pregnancy related complications in women with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a nationwide population-based cohort study [2024]
  • Journal of the American Heart Association
    • Temporal Trends in Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes for Peripartum Cardiomyopathy: The Nationwide Multicenter Registry Over 20 Years [2024]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Preterm birth and maternal heart disease: A machine learning analysis using the Korean national health insurance database [2023]
• South Africa
  • BMC Cardiovascular Disorders
    • The burden of antenatal heart disease in South Africa: a systematic review [2012]
  • Cardiovascular Journal of Africa
    • The importance of cardiovascular pathology contributing to maternal death: Confidential Enquiry into Maternal Deaths in South Africa, 2011–2013 [2016]
• Spain
  • Revista Española de Cardiología (English Edition)
    • Comments on the 2018 ESC Guidelines for the Management of Cardiovascular Diseases During Pregnancy [2019]
• Sri Lanka
  • Sri Lanka College of Obstetricians & Gynaecologists
    • Immediate resuscitation following maternal collapse during pregnancy [2021]
• Sweden
  • Journal of Cardiac Failure
    • Heart Failure in Late Pregnancy and Postpartum: Incidence and Long-Term Mortality in Sweden From 1997 to 2010 [2017]
• United Kingdom
  • BJA Education
    • Adult congenital heart disease and pregnancy [2018]
  • British Society for Haematology
    • British Society for Haematology guideline for anticoagulant management of pregnant individuals with mechanical heart valves [2023]
  • British Society of Echocardiography
    • Transthoracic Echocardiographic Assessment of the Heart in Pregnancy-a position statement on behalf of the British Society of Echocardiography and the United Kingdom Maternal Cardiology Society [2023]
  • Clinical Medicine
    • Tachycardia in pregnancy: when to worry? [2021]
  • National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
    • Heart disease – risk assessment [2020]
  • NHS England
    • Cardiac disease in pregnancy guideline [2022]
  • Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Maternal Collapse in Pregnancy and the Puerperium [2019]
  • UK Maternal Cardiology Society
    • Cardiac implantable electronic devices in pregnancy: A position statement [2024]
• United States
  • Alliance for Innovation on Maternal Health
    • Alliance for Innovation on Maternal Health: Consensus Bundle on Cardiac Conditions in Obstetric Care [2023]
  • American College of Cardiology
    • Team-Based Care of Women With Cardiovascular Disease From Pre-Conception Through Pregnancy and Postpartum: JACC Focus Seminar 1/5 [2021]
    • Management of Women With Congenital or Inherited Cardiovascular Disease From Pre-Conception Through Pregnancy and Postpartum: JACC Focus Seminar 2/5 [2021]
    • Management of Women With Acquired Cardiovascular Disease From Pre-Conception Through Pregnancy and Postpartum: JACC Focus Seminar 3/5 [2021]
    • Diagnostic Cardiovascular Imaging and Therapeutic Strategies in Pregnancy: JACC Focus Seminar 4/5 [2021]
    • Summary of Updated Recommendations for Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Women [2020]
    • Valvular Heart Disease in Pregnancy [2018]
  • American Heart Association
    • Status of Maternal Cardiovascular Health in American Indian and Alaska Native Individuals: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association [2023]
    • Optimizing Prepregnancy Cardiovascular Health to Improve Outcomes in Pregnant and Postpartum Individuals and Offspring: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association [2023]
    • Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Women: The Impact of Race and Ethnicity: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association [2023]
    • Appraising the Preclinical Evidence of the Role of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System in Antenatal Programming of Maternal and Offspring Cardiovascular Health Across the Life Course: Moving the Field Forward: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association [2023]
    • Anesthetic Care of the Pregnant Patient With Cardiovascular Disease: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association [2023]
    • Survival outcomes and resuscitation process measures in maternal in-hospital cardiac arrest [2022]
    • Call to Action: Maternal Health and Saving Mothers: A Policy Statement From the American Heart Association [2021]
    • Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes and Cardiovascular Disease Risk: Unique Opportunities for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Women: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association [2021]
    • Cardiovascular Considerations in Caring for Pregnant Patients: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association [2020]
    • Promoting Risk Identification and Reduction of Cardiovascular Disease in Women Through Collaboration With Obstetricians and Gynecologists: A Presidential Advisory From the American Heart Association and the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists [2018]
    • Management of Pregnancy in Patients With Complex Congenital Heart Disease: A Scientific Statement for Healthcare Professionals From the American Heart Association [2017]
    • Cardiac Arrest in Pregnancy: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association [2015]
  • American Journal of Cardiology
    • Assessing Pregnancy, Gestational Complications, and Co-morbidities in Women With Congenital Heart Defects (Data from ICD-9-CM Codes in 3 US Surveillance Sites) [2020]
  • American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology
    • Trends in cardiovascular disease-related maternal mortality in the United States, 1999-2018 [2022]
  • Circulation
    • Cardiovascular Management in Pregnancy: Antithrombotic Agents and Antiplatelet Agents [2015]
  • Clinical Cardiology
    • Early identification and treatment of women's cardiovascular risk factors prevents cardiovascular disease, saves lives, and protects future generations: Policy recommendations and take action plan utilizing policy levers [2022]
  • Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing
    • A Call to Action: Cardiovascular-Related Maternal Mortality: Inequities in Black, Indigenous, and Persons of Color [2021]
  • Journal of the American Heart Association
    • Peripartum Cardiomyopathy and Social Vulnerability: An Epidemiological Analysis of Mortality Outcomes [2024]
    • Aortic Dissection During Pregnancy and Puerperium: Contemporary Incidence and Outcomes in the United States [2023]
    • Trends, Predictors, and Outcomes of Cardiovascular Complications Associated With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome During Delivery Hospitalizations: A National Inpatient Sample Analysis (2002–2019) [2022]
    • Need for Better and Broader Training in Cardio-Obstetrics: A National Survey of Cardiologists, Cardiovascular Team Members, and Cardiology Fellows in Training [2022]
    • Reducing Cardiovascular Maternal Mortality by Extending Medicaid for Postpartum Women [2021]
    • Improving Cardiovascular Workforce Competencies in Cardio-Obstetrics: Current Challenges and Future Directions [2020]
    • Receipt of American Heart Association–Recommended Preconception Health Care Among Privately Insured Women With Congenital Heart Defects, 2007–2013 [2019]
  • Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine
    • Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine Consult Series #61: Anticoagulation in pregnant patients with cardiac disease [2022]
  • Society for Obstetric Anesthesia and Perinatology
    • The Society for Obstetric Anesthesia and Perinatology Consensus Statement on the Management of Cardiac Arrest in Pregnancy [2014]
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Obstetrics, perinatology
    • Embolism and thrombosis in pregnancy

Diabetes in pregnancy, pregnancy in diabetics, pre-existing diabetes

• Australia
  • Australian Institute of Health and Welfare
    • Improving national reporting on diabetes in pregnancy: technical report [2019]
    • Diabetes in pregnancy 2014–2015 [2019]
  • Lancet Regional Health – Western Pacific
    • Diabetes during pregnancy and birthweight trends among Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal people in the Northern Territory of Australia over 30 years [2020]
• Australia, New Zealand
  • Australasian Diabetes in Pregnancy Society
    • The ADIPS Pilot National Diabetes in Pregnancy Benchmarking Programme [2021]
    • ADIPS position paper on pre-existing diabetes and pregnancy [2020]
    • ADIPS 2020 guideline for pre-existing diabetes and pregnancy [2020]
• Canada
  • Diabetes Canada
    • Diabetes and Pregnancy [2018]
  • Public Health Agency of Canada
    • Impact of pre-pregnancy diabetes mellitus on congenital anomalies, Canada, 2002-2012 [2015]
  • Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada
    • Diabetes in Pregnancy [2019]
• China
  • Journal of Diabetes
    • Pregnancy outcomes in women with type 1 diabetes in China during 2004 to 2014: A retrospective study (the CARNATION Study) [2022]
  • Maternal-Fetal Medicine
    • A Summary of Chinese Guidelines on Diagnosis and Management of Hyperglycemia in Pregnancy (2022) [2023]
  • PLoS Medicine
    • Preconception diabetes mellitus and adverse pregnancy outcomes in over 6.4 million women: A population-based cohort study in China [2019]
• Denmark
  • Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism
    • Validation of Danish registry-cases of type 1 diabetes in women giving live birth using a clinical cohort as gold standard [2023]
  • Nutrients
    • Dietary Advice to Support Glycaemic Control and Weight Management in Women with Type 1 Diabetes during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding [2022]
• Ethiopia
  • Frontiers in Pediatrics
    • Stillbirth Among Patients With Diabetes in Pregnancy in Ethiopia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2021]
• Europe
  • PLoS ONE
    • Prescribing of Antidiabetic Medicines before, during and after Pregnancy: A Study in Seven European Regions [2016]
• Europe, United States
  • Endocrine Society
    • Preexisting Diabetes and Pregnancy: An Endocrine Society and European Society of Endocrinology Joint Clinical Practice Guideline [2025]
• Germany
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Birth Order, Caesarean Section, or Daycare Attendance in Relation to Child- and Adult-Onset Type 1 Diabetes: Results from the German National Cohort [2022]
• High-income countries
  • Lancet Global Health
    • Prevalence of diabetes in pregnancy among Indigenous women in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and the USA: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2020]
• Hungary
  • Frontiers in Endocrinology
    • Trend of pregnancy outcomes in type 1 diabetes compared to control women: a register-based analysis in 1996-2018 [2023]
• India
  • Federation of Obstetric and Gynecological Societies of India
    • Hyperglycemia in Pregnancy [2024]
  • Indian Journal of Ophthalmology
    • Diabetic retinopathy in pregnancy - A review [2021]
• Indonesia
  • Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies
    • Indonesian Clinical Practice Guidelines for Diabetes in Pregnancy [2013]
• International
  • BMC Women's Health
    • Preconception care for women with diabetes: a review of current guideline recommendations [2010]
  • BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care
    • Antidiabetic medication use during pregnancy: an international utilization study [2019]
  • Diabetic Medicine
    • Attendance at pre-pregnancy care clinics for women with type 1 diabetes: A scoping review [2023]
  • Diabetologia
    • Secular trend for increasing birthweight in offspring of pregnant women with type 1 diabetes: is improved placentation the reason? [2023]
  • Frontiers in Endocrinology
    • Progress and indication for use of continuous glucose monitoring in patients with diabetes in pregnancy: a review [2023]
  • International Journal of Molecular Sciences
    • Pregnancy and Neonatal Outcomes in Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young: A Systematic Review [2025]
  • JAMA Ophthalmology
    • Global Estimates of Diabetic Retinopathy Prevalence and Progression in Pregnant Women With Preexisting Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis [2022]
  • PLoS Medicine
    • Risks of specific congenital anomalies in offspring of women with diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of population-based studies including over 80 million births [2022]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Systematic review and meta-analysis of the effectiveness of pre-pregnancy care for women with diabetes for improving maternal and perinatal outcomes [2020]
• Ireland
  • Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice
    • Retrospective national cohort study of pregnancy outcomes for women with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus in Republic of Ireland [2022]
• Italy
  • Acta Diabetologica
    • Knowledge, attitude, and practice of the 2009 Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommendations on the nutritional management of diabetes in pregnancy: an online national survey [2022]
• Low and middle income countries
  • Global Health Action
    • The burden of diabetes mellitus during pregnancy in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review [2014]
  • Journal of Diabetes Research
    • Detection and Management of Diabetes during Pregnancy in Low Resource Settings: Insights into Past and Present Clinical Practices [2016]
• Malaysia
  • Malaysian Family Physician
    • Management of diabetes in pregnancy in primary care [2019]
  • Ministry of Health Malaysia
    • Management of Diabetes in Pregnancy [2017]
• Poland
  • Acta Diabetologica
    • Insulin pump therapy with and without continuous glucose monitoring in pregnant women with type 1 diabetes: a prospective observational Orchestra Foundation study in Poland [2023]
  • Ginekologia Polska
    • Hyperglycemia in pregnancy - prevalence and perinatal outcomes. A retrospective multicenter cohort study in Poland [2022]
    • Standards of Polish Society of Gynecologists and Obstetricians in management of women with diabetes [2018]
• Qatar
  • PLoS ONE
    • Prevalence of newly detected diabetes in pregnancy in Qatar, using universal screening [2018]
• Republic of Korea
  • Scientific Reports
    • Trends and associated maternal characteristics of antidiabetic medication use among pregnant women in South Korea [2021]
• Spain
  • Journal of Clinical Medicine
    • A Population-Based Study of Diabetes during Pregnancy in Spain (2009–2015): Trends in Incidence, Obstetric Interventions, and Pregnancy Outcomes [2020]
• Sri Lanka
  • Sri Lanka College of Obstetricians & Gynaecologists
    • Hyperglycaemia in Pregnancy [2017]
• Sweden
  • BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care
    • Trends in diabetes in pregnancy in Sweden 1998–2012 [2016]
  • Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases
    • Diabetes risk during pregnancy among second-generation immigrants: A national cohort study in Sweden [2023]
  • Primary Care Diabetes
    • Swedish guidelines for type 1 diabetes and pregnancy outcomes: A nationwide descriptive study of consensus and adherence [2021]
• Switzerland
  • Journal of Diabetes Research
    • Antidiabetic Medication Utilisation before and during Pregnancy in Switzerland between 2012 and 2019: An Administrative Claim Database from the MAMA Cohort [2023]
• Taiwan
  • Frontiers in Endocrinology
    • Trends in epidemiology of hyperglycemia in pregnancy in Taiwan, 2008-2017 [2023]
• Trinidad and Tobago
  • Ministry of Health Trinidad and Tobago
    • Diabetes Mellitus and Pregnancy: Clinical Guideline [2018]
• United Kingdom
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Implementation of guidelines for multidisciplinary team management of pregnancy in women with pre-existing diabetes or cardiac conditions: results from a UK national survey [2017]
  • BMJ Open
    • Outcomes for women with diabetes admitted for labour care to midwifery units in the UK: a national prospective cohort study and survey of practice using the UK Midwifery Study System (UKMidSS) [2024]
    • A cohort study of trends in the prevalence of pregestational diabetes in pregnancy recorded in UK general practice between 1995 and 2012 [2016]
  • Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics
    • Rollout of Closed-Loop Technology to Pregnant Women with Type 1 Diabetes: Healthcare Professionals' Views About Potential Challenges and Solutions [2023]
  • Diabetic Medicine
    • A study of diabetic ketoacidosis in the pregnant population in the United Kingdom: Investigating the incidence, aetiology, management and outcomes [2022]
  • Frontiers in Endocrinology
    • Trends in Factors Affecting Pregnancy Outcomes Among Women With Type 1 or Type 2 Diabetes of Childbearing Age (2004–2017) [2021]
  • National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
    • Diabetes in pregnancy [2023]
    • Diabetes in pregnancy: management of diabetes and its complications from preconception to the postnatal period [2020]
    • Continuous glucose monitoring: Diabetes in pregnancy: management from preconception to the postnatal period [2020]
  • NHS Digital
    • National Pregnancy in Diabetes Audit Report 2018 [2019]
  • SIGN
    • Management of diabetes in pregnancy
  • WISDOM
    • Guideline for the Management of Diabetes in Pregnancy [2022]
• United States
  • American Diabetes Association
    • 15. Management of Diabetes in Pregnancy: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2024 [2024]
    • 15. Management of Diabetes in Pregnancy: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2023 [2023]
    • Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2022 Abridged for Primary Care Providers [2022]
    • Standards of Care in Diabetes-2023 Abridged for Primary Care Providers [2022]
    • 15. Management of Diabetes in Pregnancy: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2022 [2022]
    • Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2021 Abridged for Primary Care Providers [2021]
    • 14. Management of Diabetes in Pregnancy: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2021 [2021]
    • Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2020 Abridged for Primary Care Providers [2020]
    • 14. Management of Diabetes in Pregnancy: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2020 [2020]
  • Association of Women's Health, Obstetric and Neonatal Nurses
    • Optimizing Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes in Perinatal Patients With Diabetes: AWHONN Practice Brief Number 21 [2024]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Diabetes risk status and physical activity in pregnancy: U.S. BRFSS 2011, 2013, 2015, 2017 [2020]
    • Use of Antidiabetic drugs during pregnancy among U.S. women with Livebirth deliveries in the Mini-Sentinel system [2019]
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Trends and Characteristics in Prepregnancy Diabetes: United States, 2016-2021 [2023]
    • Risk of birth defects by pregestational type 1 or type 2 diabetes: National Birth Defects Prevention Study, 1997-2011 [2023]
    • Specific birth defects in pregnancies of women with diabetes: National Birth Defects Prevention Study, 1997-2011 [2020]
  • Endocrine Society
    • Diabetes and Pregnancy: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline [2013]
  • Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism
    • The use of glucose-lowering medications for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus during pregnancy in the United States [2021]
  • Endotext
    • Pregestational Diabetes Mellitus
  • National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
    • Outcomes of Extremely Preterm Infants Born to Insulin-Dependent Diabetic Mothers [2016]
  • Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine
    • SMFM Special Statement: Updated checklist for antepartum care of pregestational diabetes mellitus [2020]
• Western countries
  • Frontiers in Endocrinology
    • Management of type 2 diabetes in pregnancy: a narrative review [2023]
• WHO
  • World Health Organization
    • Classification of diabetes mellitus [2019]
    • Global report on diabetes [2016]
    • Diagnostic criteria and classification of hyperglycaemia first detected in pregnancy [2013]
    • Diabetes
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Obstetrics, perinatology
    • Gestational diabetes

Digestive system diseases in pregnancy

• Australia
  • Australian Journal of General Practice
    • Preconception, antenatal and postpartum management of inflammatory bowel disease [2022]
  • SA Health
    • Cholestasis in Pregnancy
• Australia, New Zealand
  • Society of Obstetric Medicine of Australia and New Zealand
    • Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy - Diagnosis and management: A consensus statement of the Society of Obstetric Medicine of Australia and New Zealand (SOMANZ): Executive summary [2023]
• Canada
  • Canadian Association of Gastroenterology
    • The Toronto Consensus Statements for the Management of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Pregnancy [2016]
  • Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology
    • Management of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Pregnancy: A Practical Approach to New Guidelines [2016]
    • Management of Inflammatory Bowel Disease during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding Varies Widely: A Need for Further Education [2016]
    • Management of the pregnant inflammatory bowel disease patient on antitumour necrosis factor therapy: State of the art and future directions [2014]
  • Perinatal Services BC
    • Gastrointestinal Conditions
  • Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada
    • Diagnosis and Management of Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy [2024]
• Denmark
  • Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics
    • The safety of paternal and maternal use of 5-aminosalicylic acid during conception and pregnancy: a nationwide cohort study [2022]
  • BMC Medicine
    • Adverse birth outcomes and early-life infections after in utero exposure to corticosteroids for inflammatory bowel disease: a Danish nationwide cohort study [2023]
• Europe
  • European Association for the Study of the Liver
    • EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines on the management of liver diseases in pregnancy [2023]
  • European Crohn´s and Colitis Organisation
    • Multidisciplinary Perinatal Care in IBD [2023]
    • European Crohn's and Colitis Guidelines on Sexuality, Fertility, Pregnancy, and Lactation [2023]
    • Third European Evidence-based Consensus on Diagnosis and Management of Ulcerative Colitis. Part 1: Definitions, Diagnosis, Extra-intestinal Manifestations, Pregnancy, Cancer Surveillance, Surgery, and Ileo-anal Pouch Disorders [2017]
    • The Second European Evidenced-Based Consensus on Reproduction and Pregnancy in Inflammatory Bowel Disease [2015]
• France
  • PLoS ONE
    • Drug use for gastrointestinal symptoms during pregnancy: A French nationwide study 2010–2018 [2021]
• Germany
  • Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics
    • Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy: an evaluation of obstetric management in German maternity units [2023]
  • Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde
    • Management of Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy: Recommendations of the Working Group on Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine – Section on Maternal Disorders [2021]
    • Care of Women with Chronic Inflammatory Bowel Disease (Chronic IBD) During Pregnancy: Recommendations of the Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine Working Group of the DGGG [2021]
• India
  • Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology
    • Indian National Association for the Study of the Liver—Federation of Obstetric and Gynaecological Societies of India Position Statement on Management of Liver Diseases in Pregnancy [2019]
• International
  • BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology
    • Pregnancy in women with liver cirrhosis is associated with increased risk for complications: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature [2022]
  • BMC Medicine
    • Global and regional incidence of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2025]
  • Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
    • Pharmacological interventions for treating intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy [2020]
  • International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics
    • FIGO guideline on liver disease and pregnancy [2025]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Systematic review and meta-analysis: Evaluating the influence of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy on obstetric and neonatal outcomes [2024]
• Italy
  • Digestive and Liver Disease
    • AISF position paper on liver transplantation and pregnancy [2016]
    • AISF position paper on liver disease and pregnancy [2016]
  • Italian Journal of Pediatrics
    • Prevalence of delivery mode in an Italian nationwide cohort with celiac disease: a SIGENP multicenter retrospective study (the CD-deliver-IT) [2024]
• Japan
  • Journal of Gastroenterology
    • Expert consensus on vaccination in patients with inflammatory bowel disease in Japan [2023]
• Latin America
  • Revista de Gastroenterología de México (English Edition)
    • Good clinical practice recommendations for the management of gastroesophageal reflux disease. A Latin American expert review [2025]
• Republic of Korea
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Associations of Preterm Birth with Dental and Gastrointestinal Diseases: Machine Learning Analysis Using National Health Insurance Data [2023]
    • Association of Preterm Birth with Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Salivary Gland Disease: Machine Learning Analysis Using National Health Insurance Data [2022]
• Spain
  • Gastroenterología y Hepatología (English Edition)
    • Position statement of the Spanish Society of Primary Care Physicians (SEMERGEN) and Spanish Working Group on Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis (GETECCU) on the management of inflammatory bowel disease in Primary Care [2025]
• Sri Lanka
  • Sri Lanka College of Obstetricians & Gynaecologists
    • Liver Disorders of Pregnancy [2022]
• Sweden
  • Hepatology Communications
    • Outcomes of Pregnancy in Mothers With Cirrhosis: A National Population-Based Cohort Study of 1.3 Million Pregnancies [2018]
• Switzerland
  • Digestion
    • Update on the Management of Inflammatory Bowel Disease during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding [2020]
• United Kingdom
  • British Journal of General Practice
    • Inflammatory bowel disease in pregnancy: management strategy based on best evidence and European guidelines [2014]
  • British Society of Gastroenterology
    • British Society of Gastroenterology guidelines on inflammatory bowel disease in adults: 2025 [2025]
    • Standards for the provision of antenatal care for patients with inflammatory bowel disease: guidance endorsed by the British Society of Gastroenterology and the British Maternal and Fetal Medicine Society [2021]
  • National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
    • Management of heartburn in pregnancy [2021]
  • NHS England
    • Regional standards for the management of pregnant women with Inflammatory Bowel Disease [2019]
    • Inflammatory bowel disorders in pregnancy guideline [2018]
  • Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy [2022]
• United States
  • American College of Gastroenterology
    • ACG Clinical Guideline: Liver Disease and Pregnancy [2016]
  • American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
    • Lower Gastrointestinal Tract Disorders [2022]
  • American Gastroenterological Association
    • AGA Clinical Practice Update on Pregnancy-Related Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease: Expert Review [2024]
    • Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Pregnancy Clinical Care Pathway: A Report From the American Gastroenterological Association IBD Parenthood Project Working Group [2019]
    • American Gastroenterological Association Institute - Technical Review on the Use of Gastrointestinal Medications in Pregnancy [2006]
    • American Gastroenterological Association Institute - Medical Position Statement on the Use of Gastrointestinal Medications in Pregnancy [2006]
  • Infectious Diseases Society of America
    • 2024 Clinical Practice Guideline Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America on Complicated Intraabdominal Infections: Diagnostic Imaging of Suspected Acute Cholecystitis and Acute Cholangitis in Adults, Children, and Pregnant People [2024]
    • 2024 Clinical Practice Guideline Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America on Complicated Intra-abdominal Infections: Diagnostic Imaging of Suspected Acute Diverticulitis in Adults and Pregnant People [2024]
    • 2024 Clinical Practice Guideline Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America on Complicated Intra-abdominal Infections: Diagnostic Imaging of Suspected Acute Appendicitis in Adults, Children, and Pregnant People [2024]
  • Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
    • Longitudinal Trends in Pregnancy Outcomes Among Women With Inflammatory Bowel Disease in the Era of Biologics: A 20-Year Nationwide Analysis [2024]
  • JAMA Network Open
    • Management of Complicated Appendicitis During Pregnancy in the US [2022]
  • Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine
    • Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine Consult Series #53: Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy [2021]
  • Society of American Gastrointestinal Endoscopic Surgeons
    • SAGES guidelines for the use of laparoscopy during pregnancy [2024]
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Obstetrics, perinatology
    • Nausea and vomiting in pregnancy, hyperemesis gravidarum
    • Hepatitis in pregnancy and newborn

Embolism and thrombosis in pregnancy

• Australia
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • A comparison of international clinical practice guidelines for postpartum venous thromboembolism prophylaxis [2025]
  • Queensland Health
    • Venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis in pregnancy and the puerperium
    • Guidelines Supplement: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) in pregnancy and the puerperium
  • SA Health
    • Thromboprophylaxis and Thromboembolic Disease in Pregnancy
    • Thrombophilia in Pregnancy
    • Amniotic Fluid Embolism
• Australia, New Zealand
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Amniotic fluid embolism: an Australian-New Zealand population-based study [2015]
• Balkan countries
  • Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis
    • Position Paper on the Management of Pregnancy-Associated Superficial Venous Thrombosis. Balkan Working Group for Prevention and Treatment of Venous Thromboembolism [2022]
• Canada
  • Perinatal Services BC
    • Thrombotic Disorders
  • Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada
    • Venous Thromboembolism and Antithrombotic Therapy in Pregnancy [2014]
• China
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Amniotic fluid embolism as a cause of maternal mortality in China between 1996 and 2013: a population-based retrospective study [2016]
  • Chinese Medical Journal
    • Interpretation of Chinese expert consensus on diagnosis and management of amniotic fluid embolism [2020]
• Europe
  • European Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care
    • European guidelines on peri-operative venous thromboembolism prophylaxis: first update. Chapter 9: Surgery during pregnancy and the immediate postpartum period [2024]
    • European guidelines on perioperative venous thromboembolism prophylaxis: Surgery during pregnancy and the immediate postpartum period [2018]
• Europe, United States
  • Thrombosis Research
    • Management of venous thromboembolism in pregnancy [2022]
• Germany
  • Hämostaseologie
    • Management of Antithrombin Deficiency in Pregnancy [2022]
• India
  • Indian Journal of Medical Research
    • Management of thromboembolic disorders during pregnancy in resource-constrained settings: An Indian perspective [2023]
• International
  • Advances in Therapy
    • Safety and Efficacy of Enoxaparin in Pregnancy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2020]
  • BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology
    • Postpartum venous thromboembolism prophylaxis may cause more harm than benefit: a critical analysis of international guidelines through an evidence-based lens [2018]
  • BMC Cardiovascular Disorders
    • Critical appraisal of international guidelines for the prevention and treatment of pregnancy-associated venous thromboembolism: a systematic review [2019]
  • BMJ Open
    • Risk assessment models for venous thromboembolism in pregnancy and in the puerperium: a systematic review [2022]
  • Hematology: the American Society of Hematology Education Program
    • Prevention and management of venous thromboembolism in pregnancy: cutting through the practice variation [2021]
  • International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis
    • Systematic review of viscoelastic testing (TEG/ROTEM) in obstetrics and recommendations from the women's SSC of the ISTH [2020]
  • Journal of Medicine and Life
    • Risk factors and predisposing conditions for amniotic fluid embolism: a comprehensive review [2025]
  • Journal of Perinatal Medicine
    • Strategies for the prevention of maternal death from venous thromboembolism clinical recommendations based on current literature [2022]
  • Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis
    • Guidance for the treatment and prevention of obstetric-associated venous thromboembolism [2016]
  • Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia
    • Thromboprophylaxis during the Pregnancy-Puerperal Cycle [2020]
• Japan
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • A retrospective cohort study using a national surveillance questionnaire to investigate the characteristics of maternal venous thromboembolism in Japan in 2018 [2021]
  • Circulation Journal
    • Increase in Maternal Death-Related Venous Thromboembolism During Pregnancy in Japan (2010–2013) [2015]
  • Neurologia medico-chirurgica
    • Antithrombotic Therapy for Pregnant Women [2013]
• Latin America
  • Blood Advances
    • American Society of Hematology, ABHH, ACHO, Grupo CAHT, Grupo CLAHT, SAH, SBHH, SHU, SOCHIHEM, SOMETH, Sociedad Panamena de Hematología, Sociedad Peruana de Hematología, and SVH 2023 guidelines for diagnosis of venous thromboembolism and for its management in special populations in Latin America [2023]
• Malaysia
  • Ministry of Health Malaysia
    • Prevention & Treatment of Thromboembolism In Pregnancy and Puerperium: A Training Manual [2018]
• Republic of Korea
  • Journal of Korean Medical Science
    • Prevention of Venous Thromboembolism, 2nd Edition: Korean Society of Thrombosis and Hemostasis Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines [2014]
• Singapore
  • Academy of Medicine, Singapore
    • Venous Thromboembolism in Pregnancy – Recommendations for Prevention, Treatment and Investigation [2021]
• Sweden
  • Advances in Hematology
    • Obstetric thromboprophylaxis: the Swedish guidelines [2011]
  • BMJ Open
    • Defining venous thromboembolism and measuring its incidence using Swedish health registries: a nationwide pregnancy cohort study [2015]
  • European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology: X
    • Duration of labor among women with thromboembolic events: A Swedish register study [2021]
  • Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
    • Swedish obstetric thromboprophylaxis guideline: background and update [2023]
• Taiwan
  • Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
    • Incidence of and risk factors for thromboembolism during pregnancy and postpartum: A 10-year nationwide population-based study [2021]
• United Kingdom
  • BJA Education
    • Venous thromboembolism in pregnancy-diagnosis, management, and treatment [2021]
  • Health Technology Assessment
    • Thromboprophylaxis during pregnancy and the puerperium: a systematic review and economic evaluation to estimate the value of future research [2024]
  • National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
    • Risk factors for venous thromboembolism in pregnancy [2021]
  • PLoS ONE
    • The Incidence of First Venous Thromboembolism in and around Pregnancy Using Linked Primary and Secondary Care Data: A Population Based Cohort Study from England and Comparative Meta-Analysis [2013]
  • Right Decisions
    • Thromboprophylaxis during Pregnancy and the Puerperium
  • Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Thrombosis and Embolism during Pregnancy and the Puerperium: Acute Management [2015]
    • Reducing the Risk of Thrombosis and Embolism during Pregnancy and the Puerperium [2015]
  • WISDOM
    • Venous Thrombo Embolism (VTE): Risk assessment, prophylaxis and treatment in pregnancy and puerperium [2022]
    • Thromboprophylaxis in the Antenatal and Postpartum Period Guideline [2022]
• United States
  • American College of Chest Physicians
    • VTE, thrombophilia, antithrombotic therapy, and pregnancy: Antithrombotic Therapy and Prevention of Thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines [2012]
  • American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology
    • Proposed diagnostic criteria for the case definition of amniotic fluid embolism in research studies [2016]
  • American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology MFM
    • Trends in postpartum venous thromboembolism and chemical prophylaxis among insured US patients [2022]
  • American Society of Hematology
    • Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) in the Context of Pregnancy [2019]
    • American Society of Hematology 2018 guidelines for management of venous thromboembolism: venous thromboembolism in the context of pregnancy [2018]
  • Association of Women's Health, Obstetric and Neonatal Nurses
    • Standardized Practices to Address Maternal Venous Thromboembolism: AWHONN Practice Brief Number 7 [2020]
  • Journal of the American College of Cardiology
    • Venous Thromboembolism Associated With Pregnancy: JACC Focus Seminar [2020]
  • National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
    • Postpartum pharmacologic thromboprophylaxis and complications in a US cohort [2024]
  • Obstetrics & Gynecology
    • National Partnership for Maternal Safety: Consensus Bundle on Venous Thromboembolism [2016]
  • Seminars in Perinatology
    • Venous thromboembolism as a cause of severe maternal morbidity and mortality in the United States [2019]
  • Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine
    • Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine Special Statement: Checklist for initial management of amniotic fluid embolism [2021]
    • Amniotic fluid embolism: diagnosis and management [2016]
  • Society for Obstetric Anesthesia and Perinatology
    • The Society for Obstetric Anesthesia and Perinatology Consensus Statement on the Anesthetic Management of Pregnant and Postpartum Women Receiving Thromboprophylaxis or Higher Dose Anticoagulants [2018]
  • Thrombosis Research
    • Developing a Model for Predicting Venous Thromboembolism in Obese Pregnant Women in a National Study [2020]
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Respiratory tract diseases, hypersensitivity in pregnancy
    • Hematologic diseases in pregnancy, anemia in pregnancy
    • Cardiovascular diseases in pregnancy

Environmental exposures in pregnancy

• Africa
  • Environment International
    • Temperature variability and birthweight: Epidemiological evidence from Africa [2023]
  • International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics
    • Increasing global temperatures threaten gains in maternal and newborn health in Africa: A review of impacts and an adaptation framework [2023]
• Australia, New Zealand
  • Royal Australasian College of Physicians
    • The Australasian Faculty of Occupational and Environmental Medicine Guide to Pregnancy and Work [2017]
  • Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Air Pollution and Pregnancy [2021]
• Austria
  • Birth
    • Exposure to night-time light pollution and risk of prolonged duration of labor: A nationwide cohort study [2022]
• Belgium
  • Environmental Research
    • Epigenome-wide analysis of maternal exposure to green space during gestation and cord blood DNA methylation in the ENVIRONAGE cohort [2023]
• Canada
  • Annals of Work Exposures and Health
    • Pregnancy Outcome in Women Exposed to Metal Fume in Welding: A Canadian Cohort Study [2022]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • What tools are available to assess climate and environmental health impacts on perinatal families with an equity lens? A rapid review of the Canadian context [2024]
  • Environmental Health
    • Prenatal exposure to legacy contaminants and visual acuity in Canadian infants: a maternal-infant research on environmental chemicals study (MIREC-ID) [2020]
  • Health Canada
    • Maternal-Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals (MIREC) Study Research Platform
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Maternal Folate Status and the Relation between Gestational Arsenic Exposure and Child Health Outcomes [2022]
  • Perinatal Services BC
    • Climate Change and Perinatal and Newborn Health
  • Science of The Total Environment
    • Fluoride exposure and hypothyroidism in a Canadian pregnancy cohort [2023]
• Chile
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Association of Prematurity and Low Birth Weight with Gestational Exposure to PM2.5 and PM10 Particulate Matter in Chileans Newborns [2022]
  • Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology
    • An examination of behavioural and emotional problems in children exposed prenatally to the 27F Chilean earthquake: findings from the ELPI cohort [2023]
• China
  • Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
    • The burden of mild intellectual disability attributed to prenatal exposure to methylmercury in China, 2017 [2023]
    • Gestational PM2.5 exposure may increase the risk of small for gestational age through maternal blood pressure and hemoglobin: A mediation analysis based on a prospective cohort in China, 2014-2018 [2022]
    • Associations of pregnancy complications with ambient air pollution in China [2022]
  • Environment International
    • Modification effects of ambient temperature on associations of ambient ozone exposure before and during pregnancy with adverse birth outcomes: A multicity study in China [2023]
    • Identifying the critical windows and joint effects of temperature and PM2.5 exposure on small for gestational age [2023]
    • Maternal exposure to PM2.5/BC during pregnancy predisposes children to allergic rhinitis which varies by regions and exclusive breastfeeding [2022]
    • Interaction effect of prenatal and postnatal exposure to ambient air pollution and temperature on childhood asthma [2022]
    • Early-life exposure to PM2.5 constituents and childhood asthma and wheezing: Findings from China, Children, Homes, Health study [2022]
    • Acute and chronic maternal exposure to fine particulate matter and prelabor rupture of the fetal membranes: A nation-wide survey in China [2022]
    • Ambient temperature and the risk of preterm birth: A national birth cohort study in the mainland China [2020]
  • Environmental Health Perspectives
    • Extreme Temperature Exposure and Risks of Preterm Birth Subtypes Based on a Nationwide Survey in China [2023]
  • Environmental Research
    • Potential impact of ambient temperature on maternal blood pressure and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: A nationwide multicenter study based on the China birth cohort [2023]
  • Environmental Science and Pollution Research
    • Maternal exposure to O3 and NO2 may increase the risk of newborn congenital hypothyroidism: a national data-based analysis in China [2021]
  • International Journal of Public Health
    • Relationship Between Outdoor Air Pollutant Exposure and Premature Delivery in China- Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2023]
  • JAMA Network Open
    • Associations of Early-Life Exposure to Submicron Particulate Matter With Childhood Asthma and Wheeze in China [2022]
  • Journal of Hazardous Materials
    • Maternal PM2.5 exposure and hypospadias risk in Chinese offspring: Insights from a nationwide surveillance-based study [2024]
  • Nutrients
    • Patterns and Determinants of Essential and Toxic Elements in Chinese Women at Mid-Pregnancy, Late Pregnancy, and Lactation [2021]
  • Science of The Total Environment
    • Ambient cold exposure amplifies the effect of ambient PM1 on blood pressure and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy among Chinese pregnant women: A nationwide cohort study [2023]
• China, United States
  • Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
    • Relationships of prenatal organophosphate ester exposure with pregnancy and birth outcomes: A systematic scoping review of epidemiological studies [2023]
• Colombia
  • International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health
    • Epidemiological insights into neonatal deaths: The role of cooking fuel pollution in Colombia [2024]
• Costa Rica
  • International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health
    • Prenatal pesticide exposure and respiratory health outcomes in the first year of life: Results from the Infants’ Environmental Health (ISA) study [2020]
• Denmark
  • Environment International
    • Prenatal exposure to tap water containing nitrate and the risk of small-for-gestational-age: A nationwide register-based study of Danish births, 1991-2015 [2023]
  • Environmental Health Perspectives
    • Early-Life Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution from Multiple Sources and Asthma Incidence in Children: A Nationwide Birth Cohort Study from Denmark [2023]
    • Maternal Exposure to Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) and Male Reproductive Function in Young Adulthood: Combined Exposure to Seven PFAS [2022]
    • Prenatal Exposure to Nitrate from Drinking Water and Markers of Fetal Growth Restriction: A Population-Based Study of Nearly One Million Danish-Born Children [2021]
  • Lancet Regional Health - Europe
    • Nitrate in drinking water and risk of birth defects: Findings from a cohort study of over one million births in Denmark [2022]
• Estonia
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Perinatal Health Inequalities in the Industrial Region of Estonia: A Birth Registry-Based Study [2022]
• Ethiopia
  • PLoS ONE
    • Environmental exposures and adverse pregnancy outcomes in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2023]
• Europe
  • BMC Medicine
    • Prenatal environmental exposures associated with sex differences in childhood obesity and neurodevelopment [2023]
  • Environment International
    • Parental occupational exposure to combustion products, metals, silica and asbestos and risk of childhood leukaemia: Findings from the Childhood Cancer and Leukaemia International Consortium (CLIC) [2022]
    • Early-life environmental exposure determinants of child behavior in Europe: A longitudinal, population-based study [2021]
    • Prenatal and postnatal exposure to air pollution and emotional and aggressive symptoms in children from 8 European birth cohorts [2019]
  • Environmental Health Perspectives
    • European Birth Cohorts for Environmental Health Research [2012]
  • European Board and College of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
    • The effects of climate change and environmental pollution on human reproduction: A scientific review commissioned by the European Board and College of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (EBCOG) [2024]
  • European Society of Cardiology
    • Occupational radiation exposure in the electrophysiology laboratory with a focus on personnel with reproductive potential and during pregnancy: A European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) consensus document endorsed by the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS) [2017]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Intrauterine Exposures and Maternal Health Status during Pregnancy in Relation to Later Child Health: A Review of Pregnancy Cohort Studies in Europe [2021]
    • Adverse Birth Outcomes Related to NO2 and PM Exposure: European Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2020]
  • JAMA Network Open
    • Prenatal Exposure to Chemical Mixtures and Metabolic Syndrome Risk in Children [2024]
    • Association of Prenatal Exposure to Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals With Liver Injury in Children [2022]
  • Nature Communications
    • Multi-omics signatures of the human early life exposome [2022]
  • Science of The Total Environment
    • Prenatal exposure to a wide range of environmental chemicals and child behaviour between 3 and 7 years of age – An exposome-based approach in 5 European cohorts [2021]
  • WHO European Region
    • Human health effects of benzene, arsenic, cadmium, nickel, lead and mercury: report of an expert consultation [2024]
    • Mercury and human health [2021]
    • Assessment of prenatal exposure to mercury: standard operating procedures [2018]
    • Assessment of prenatal exposure to mercury: human biomonitoring survey [2018]
    • Health risks of heavy metals from long-range transboundary air pollution [2007]
• Europe, Japan
  • Environmental Research
    • Maternal acrylamide exposure during pregnancy and fetal growth: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of epidemiological studies [2022]
• Europe, United States
  • Society of Interventional Radiology
    • Occupational radiation protection of pregnant or potentially pregnant workers in IR: a joint guideline of the Society of Interventional Radiology and the Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiological Society of Europe [2015]
    • Radiation management for interventions using fluoroscopic or computed tomographic guidance during pregnancy: a joint guideline of the Society of Interventional Radiology and the Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiological Society of Europe with Endorsement by the Canadian Interventional Radiology Association [2012]
• Finland
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • The association of low-level air pollution with birth weight in a register-based study: potential effects below WHO AQ guidelines [2025]
• France
  • BMJ Open
    • Biomechanical and organisational constraints of pregnant women at work: definition of exposure levels using a consensus method (Delphi) [2022]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Maternal Ambient Exposure to Atmospheric Pollutants during Pregnancy and Offspring Term Birth Weight in the Nationwide ELFE Cohort [2021]
• Germany
  • RöFo
    • Prenatal radiation exposure in diagnostic and interventional radiology [2021]
• Ghana
  • Environmental Research
    • Prenatal exposure to long-term heat stress and stillbirth in Ghana: A within-space time-series analysis [2023]
• Greece, Slovenia
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • An exposome connectivity paradigm for the mechanistic assessment of the effects of prenatal and early life exposure to metals on neurodevelopment [2023]
• High-income countries
  • Scientific Reports
    • Nitrate contamination in drinking water and adverse reproductive and birth outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2023]
• International
  • Aging
    • Association between prenatal air pollution exposure and risk of hypospadias in offspring: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies [2021]
  • Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology
    • Nutrition paves the way to environmental toxicants and influences fetal development during pregnancy [2023]
  • BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology
    • An expert review of environmental heat exposure and stillbirth in the face of climate change: Clinical implications and priority issues [2024]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Correlation of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substance levels during pregnancy with gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2025]
  • BMC Public Health
    • Environmental health influences in pregnancy and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review [2022]
  • BMJ
    • Associations between high temperatures in pregnancy and risk of preterm birth, low birth weight, and stillbirths: systematic review and meta-analysis [2020]
  • BMJ Open
    • Exposure to drinking water pollutants and non-syndromic birth defects: a systematic review and meta-analysis synthesis [2024]
  • BMJ Paediatrics Open
    • Impact of exposure to extreme heat events during pregnancy on the incidence of congenital heart disease in offspring: a meta-analysis [2024]
  • Chinese Medical Journal
    • Association between low ambient temperature during pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2023]
  • Current Environmental Health Reports
    • Effects of Early-life PFAS Exposure on Child Neurodevelopment: A Review of the Evidence and Research gaps [2025]
    • The Changing Climate and Pregnancy Health [2022]
  • Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
    • Prenatal exposure to ambient air pollution and risk of fetal overgrowth: Systematic review of cohort studies [2024]
    • Association between maternal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and birth anthropometric outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2024]
    • Ambient air pollution and gestational diabetes mellitus: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis [2023]
    • Association of BPA exposure during pregnancy with risk of preterm birth and changes in gestational age: A meta-analysis and systematic review [2021]
  • Environment International
    • Prenatal exposure to ambient air pollutants and congenital heart defects: An umbrella review [2023]
    • Wildfire exposure during pregnancy and the risk of adverse birth outcomes: A systematic review [2021]
    • Gestational triclosan exposure and infant birth weight: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2021]
    • Phthalate exposure and female reproductive and developmental outcomes: a systematic review of the human epidemiological evidence [2019]
  • Environmental Health
    • Prenatal exposure to air pollution and maternal and fetal thyroid function: a systematic review of the epidemiological evidence [2024]
    • Determinants of maternal and neonatal PFAS concentrations: a review [2023]
    • Endocrine-disrupting chemicals and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2022]
    • Fetal growth in environmental epidemiology: mechanisms, limitations, and a review of associations with biomarkers of non-persistent chemical exposures during pregnancy [2019]
  • Environmental Health Perspectives
    • Linking Prenatal Environmental Exposures to Lifetime Health with Epigenome-Wide Association Studies: State-of-the-Science Review and Future Recommendations [2023]
  • Environmental Research
    • Systematic review and meta-analysis of birth weight and PFNA exposures [2023]
  • Environmental Science and Pollution Research
    • Prenatal exposure to particulate matter and term low birth weight: systematic review and meta-analysis [2023]
  • Europace
    • Risk of ionizing radiation in pregnancy: just a myth or a real concern? [2023]
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • Global, regional, and national burden of neonatal diseases attributable to particulate matter pollution from 1990 to 2021 [2025]
    • Exposure to ambient air pollutions and its association with adverse birth outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological studies [2024]
    • Household polluting cooking fuels and adverse birth outcomes: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis [2023]
    • Adverse effects of temperature on perinatal and pregnancy outcomes: methodological challenges and knowledge gaps [2023]
    • The Association Between Cadmium Exposure and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2022]
    • Association Between Exposure to Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances and Birth Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2022]
    • A global perspective of correlation between maternal blood lead levels and risks of preeclampsia: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis [2022]
  • Human Reproduction
    • Congenital anomalies in the offspring of occupationally exposed mothers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies using expert assessment for occupational exposures [2019]
  • Hypertension in Pregnancy
    • Associations between extreme temperature exposure and hypertensive disorders in pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2023]
  • Intergrowth-21st
    • A rapid questionnaire assessment of environmental exposures to pregnant women in the INTERGROWTH-21st Project [2013]
  • International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health
    • Low-dose ionizing radiation and adverse birth outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2023]
  • International Atomic Energy Agency
    • Radiation protection of pregnant women in therapeutic nuclear medicine
    • Radiation protection of pregnant women in radiotherapy
    • Radiation protection of pregnant women in radiology
    • Radiation protection of pregnant women in nuclear medicine
    • Radiation protection of pregnant women in dental radiology
    • Radiation protection of pregnant women during PET/CT scanning
    • Radiation protection of pregnant women during DXA
  • International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics
    • Toxic chemicals and environmental contaminants in prenatal vitamins [2023]
    • Nutritional interventions to ameliorate the effect of endocrine disruptors on human reproductive health: A semi-structured review from FIGO [2022]
    • FIGO calls for removal of PFAS from global use [2021]
    • Climate change, women's health, and the role of obstetricians and gynecologists in leadership [2021]
    • Removal of glyphosate from global usage [2019]
    • International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics opinion on reproductive health impacts of exposure to toxic environmental chemicals [2015]
  • International Journal of Biometeorology
    • Physiological mechanisms of the impact of heat during pregnancy and the clinical implications: review of the evidence from an expert group meeting [2022]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Extreme Heat and Pregnancy Outcomes: A Scoping Review of the Epidemiological Evidence [2022]
    • Environmental Toxicants and Preterm Birth: A Bibliometric Analysis of Research Trends and Output [2022]
    • Environmental Exposures in Pregnancy [2022]
    • Effect of Elevated Ambient Temperature on Maternal, Foetal, and Neonatal Outcomes: A Scoping Review [2022]
    • Prenatal Environmental Metal Exposure and Preterm Birth: A Scoping Review [2021]
    • Early-Life Exposure to Environmental Air Pollution and Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Review of Available Evidence [2021]
    • In Utero Exposure to Particulate Air Pollution during Pregnancy: Impact on Birth Weight and Health through the Life Course [2020]
    • WHO Environmental Noise Guidelines for the European Region: A Systematic Review on Environmental Noise and Adverse Birth Outcomes [2017]
  • International Journal of Public Health
    • Risk Factors for Working Pregnant Women and Potential Adverse Consequences of Exposure: A Systematic Review [2023]
  • Journal of Global Health
    • How is maternal, newborn, and child health addressed in Heat Health Action Plans? A scoping review and content analysis [2025]
  • Journal of Mother and Child
    • A Comprehensive Review on Hot Ambient Temperature and its Impacts on Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes [2023]
  • Nature Communications
    • Estimation of stillbirths attributable to ambient fine particles in 137 countries [2022]
  • Nutrients
    • A Systematic Review of Bisphenol A from Dietary and Non-Dietary Sources during Pregnancy and Its Possible Connection with Fetal Growth Restriction: Investigating Its Potential Effects and the Window of Fetal Vulnerability [2021]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Association between arsenic exposure and intrauterine growth restriction: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2025]
  • Public Health
    • Do current policies reflect current evidence on the relationship between occupational risks and preterm birth, and are they consistent? A policy content analysis [2024]
  • Reproductive Toxicology
    • Heightened Susceptibility: A Review of How Pregnancy and Chemical Exposures Influence Maternal Health [2020]
  • Reviews on Environmental Health
    • Occupational and environmental noise exposure during pregnancy and rare health outcomes of offspring: a scoping review focusing on congenital anomalies and perinatal mortality [2022]
  • Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia
    • Maternal Mercury Exposure and Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy: A Systematic Review [2022]
  • Science of The Total Environment
    • Effect of prenatal phthalate exposure on fetal development and maternal/neonatal health consequences: A systematic review [2024]
  • Scientific Reports
    • Maternal exposure to specific endocrine-disrupting chemicals and gestational diabetes mellitus: systematic review and meta-analysis [2025]
  • Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
    • Air pollution and pregnancy outcomes based on exposure evaluation using a land use regression model: A systematic review [2021]
• Iran
  • Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
    • Maternal ozone exposure lowers infant's birthweight: A nationwide cohort of over 4 million livebirths in Iran [2024]
• Italy
  • Environment International
    • Maternal pesticides exposure in pregnancy and the risk of wheezing in infancy: A prospective cohort study [2022]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Association between Exposure to Particulate Matter during Pregnancy and Multidimensional Development in School-Age Children: A Cross-Sectional Study in Italy [2021]
• Japan
  • Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
    • Joint associations of air pollutants during pregnancy, infancy, and childhood with childhood persistent asthma: Nationwide database study in Japan [2024]
  • Environment International
    • Periconceptional maternal diet quality influences blood heavy metal concentrations and their effect on low birth weight: the Japan Environment and Children's Study [2023]
    • Longitudinal analyses of maternal and cord blood manganese levels and neurodevelopment in children up to 3 years of age: The Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS) [2022]
    • Individual and mixed metal maternal blood concentrations in relation to birth size: An analysis of the Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS) [2022]
    • Exposure to heavy metals modifies optimal gestational weight gain: A large nationally representative cohort of the Japan Environment and Children’s Study [2021]
    • Association of prenatal exposure to cadmium with neurodevelopment in children at 2 years of age: The Japan Environment and Children’s Study [2021]
  • Environmental Health Perspectives
    • Maternal Metals Exposure and Infant Weight Trajectory: The Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS) [2022]
  • Environmental Research
    • Association between whole blood metallic elements concentrations and gestational diabetes mellitus in Japanese women: The Japan environment and Children's study [2022]
  • European Journal of Epidemiology
    • Mortality among individuals exposed to atomic bomb radiation in utero: 1950–2012 [2021]
  • International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health
    • Association between prenatal cadmium exposure and child development: The Japan Environment and Children's study [2022]
  • Journal of Epidemiology
    • The Effects of the Great East Japan Earthquake on Perinatal Outcomes: Results of the Pregnancy and Birth Survey in the Fukushima Health Management Survey [2022]
    • Effects of External Radiation Exposure on Perinatal Outcomes in Pregnant Women After the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident: the Fukushima Health Management Survey [2022]
  • Science of The Total Environment
    • Associations between prenatal exposure to volatile organic compounds and neurodevelopment in 12-month-old children: The Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS) [2021]
  • Scientific Reports
    • Maternal Exposure to Housing Renovation During Pregnancy and Risk of Offspring with Congenital Malformation: The Japan Environment and Children’s Study [2019]
• Latin America and the Caribbean
  • Environmental Health Perspectives
    • Health Effects of Pesticide Exposure in Latin American and the Caribbean Populations: A Scoping Review [2022]
• Low and middle income countries
  • Environment International
    • Extreme heat, preterm birth, and stillbirth: A global analysis across 14 lower-middle income countries [2022]
  • Environmental Research
    • Adverse birth outcomes associated with household air pollution from unclean cooking fuels in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review [2022]
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • Exposure to indoor air pollution and adverse pregnancy outcomes in low and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2024]
  • International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics
    • Household air pollution and incidence of eclampsia in eight low- and middle-income countries [2023]
  • Journal of Global Health
    • Interventions to reduce cadmium exposure in low- and middle-income countries during pregnancy and childhood: A systematic review [2022]
• Malawi
  • Malawi Medical Journal
    • Maternal biomass smoke exposure and birth weight in Malawi: Analysis of data from the 2010 Malawi Demographic and Health Survey [2017]
• Netherlands
  • Nutrients
    • Prenatal Environmental Exposure to Persistent Organic Pollutants and Indices of Overweight and Cardiovascular Risk in Dutch Adolescents [2022]
• New Zealand
  • Health New Zealand
    • The Environmental Case Management of Mercury-Exposed Persons [2023]
    • Dioxins: A technical guide [2023]
• Nigeria
  • Scientific Reports
    • Impact assessment of particulate pollution on maternal mortality in Nigeria [2022]
• Northern Europe
  • Environmental Epidemiology
    • Pregnancy outcomes as related to in utero exposure to air pollution and greenness: The Life-GAP Project [2024]
• Oman
  • Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal
    • Ergonomic Stressors Among Pregnant Healthcare Workers: Impact on pregnancy outcomes and recommended safety practices [2021]
• Poland
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • REPRO_PL-Polish Mother and Child Cohort-Exposure, Health Status, and Neurobehavioral Assessments in Adolescents-Design and Cohort Update [2022]
• Republic of Korea
  • Environment International
    • Effect of heat waves and fine particulate matter on preterm births in Korea from 2010 to 2016 [2021]
  • Environmental Research
    • Effects of mercury exposure on fetal body burden and its association with infant growth [2023]
  • Journal of Occupational Health
    • Risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes by maternal occupational status: A national population-based study in South Korea [2023]
  • Medicina
    • The Effect of Maternal Exposure to Air Pollutants and Heavy Metals during Pregnancy on the Risk of Neurological Disorders Using the National Health Insurance Claims Data of South Korea [2023]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Association between early preterm birth and maternal exposure to fine particular matter (PM10): A nation-wide population-based cohort study using machine learning [2023]
  • Scientific Reports
    • Prenatal exposure to air pollutants and the risk of congenital heart disease: a Korean national health insurance database-based study [2024]
    • Effects of heavy metal exposure during pregnancy on birth outcomes [2023]
• Spain
  • Environmental Research
    • Susceptible windows of exposure to fine particulate matter and fetal growth trajectories in the Spanish INMA (INfancia y Medio Ambiente) birth cohort [2023]
  • Epidemiology
    • Identifying Sensitive Windows of Exposure to NO2 and Fetal Growth Trajectories in a Spanish Birth Cohort [2022]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Air Pollution and Birth Outcomes: Health Impact and Economic Value Assessment in Spain [2023]
    • Exposure to Traffic Density during Pregnancy and Birth Weight in a National Cohort, 2000-2017 [2022]
  • Pediatric Research
    • Maternal occupational exposure to chemicals and child cognitive function [2022]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Maternal occupational exposures and fetal growth in a Spanish birth cohort [2022]
• Sudan
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Present and Future Drinking Water Security and Its Impacts on Maternities: A Multi-Scale Assessment of Sudan [2023]
• Suriname
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Association of Mercury Exposure and Maternal Sociodemographics on Birth Outcomes of Indigenous and Tribal Women in Suriname [2021]
• Sweden
  • BMJ Open
    • Occupational exposure to inorganic particles during pregnancy and birth outcomes: a nationwide cohort study in Sweden [2019]
  • Environmental Research
    • Occupational exposure to pesticides in mothers and fathers and risk of cancer in the offspring: A register-based case-control study from Sweden (1960-2015) [2022]
  • International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health
    • Association between ambient air pollution a week prior to delivery and preterm birth using a nationwide study in Sweden [2024]
  • Occupational and Environmental Medicine
    • Occupational exposure to organic particles and combustion products during pregnancy and birth outcome in a nationwide cohort study in Sweden [2019]
  • Science of The Total Environment
    • Occupational exposure to whole body vibrations and birth outcomes – A nationwide cohort study of Swedish women [2021]
• Switzerland
  • Swiss Medical Weekly
    • Exposures to non-therapeutic chemicals before, during and after pregnancy: data from the Swiss Teratogen Information Service (STIS) [2024]
• Taiwan
  • Chemosphere
    • Association between two common environmental toxicants (phthalates and melamine) and urinary markers of renal injury in the third trimester of pregnant women: The Taiwan Maternal and Infant Cohort Study (TMICS) [2021]
  • Environment International
    • Co-exposure to toxic metals and phthalates in pregnant women and their children's mental health problems aged four years - Taiwan Maternal and Infant Cohort Study (TMICS) [2023]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Air Pollution during Pregnancy and Childhood Autism Spectrum Disorder in Taiwan [2021]
  • Scientific Reports
    • Extreme temperature increases the risk of stillbirth in the third trimester of pregnancy [2022]
• Thailand
  • Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology
    • Exposure to ambient particulate matter and biomass burning during pregnancy: associations with birth weight in Thailand [2021]
• United Kingdom
  • Clinical Medicine
    • Pregnancy: occupational aspects of management: concise guidance [2013]
  • Department of Health and Social Care
    • Ionising Radiation (Medical Exposure) Regulations 2017: guidance
  • Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Outdoor air pollution and pregnancy in the UK [2021]
    • Chemical Exposures During Pregnancy: Dealing with Potential, but Unproven, Risks to Child Health [2013]
  • UK Health Security Agency
    • Chemical hazards compendium
• United States
  • Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
    • Screening for Elevated Blood Lead Levels in Childhood and Pregnancy: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force [2019]
  • American Academy of Pediatrics
    • Environmental Issues in Global Pediatric Health: Technical Report [2025]
  • American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
    • Reducing Prenatal Exposure to Toxic Environmental Agents [2021]
    • Air Travel During Pregnancy [2018]
    • Lead Screening During Pregnancy and Lactation [2012]
  • American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology MFM
    • Exposure to toxic metals and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and the risk of preeclampsia and preterm birth in the United States: A review [2021]
  • BMJ Open
    • Cohort profile: the ECHO prenatal and early childhood pathways to health consortium (ECHO-PATHWAYS) [2022]
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Assessing associations between residential proximity to greenspace and birth defects in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study [2023]
    • Maternal occupation as a nail technician or hairdresser during pregnancy and birth defects, National Birth Defects Prevention Study, 1997-2011 [2022]
    • Maternal occupational exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and the risk of isolated congenital heart defects among offspring [2021]
    • Maternal Exposure to Disinfection By-Products and Risk of Hypospadias in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study (2000–2005) [2020]
    • Association between maternal occupational exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and rare birth defects of the face and central nervous system [2020]
    • Maternal Occupational Oil Mist Exposure and Birth Defects, National Birth Defects Prevention Study, 1997-2011 [2019]
    • Associations between PM2.5 and risk of preterm birth among liveborn infants [2019]
  • Current Environmental Health Reports
    • Advancing Understanding of Chemical Exposures and Maternal-child Health Through the U.S. Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) Program: A Scoping Review [2024]
  • Environment International
    • Urinary phthalate metabolite mixtures in pregnancy and fetal growth: Findings from the infant development and the environment study [2022]
    • Maternal exposure to urinary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in pregnancy and childhood asthma in a pooled multi-cohort study [2022]
  • Environmental Health
    • Acute association between heatwaves and stillbirth in six US states [2022]
  • Environmental Health Perspectives
    • Prenatal Phthalate Exposure and Child Weight and Adiposity from in Utero to 6 Years of Age [2022]
    • Associations of Pre- and Postnatal Air Pollution Exposures with Child Behavioral Problems and Cognitive Performance: A U.S. Multi-Cohort Study [2022]
  • Environmental Research
    • Association of prenatal exposure to ambient air pollution with adverse birth outcomes and effect modification by socioeconomic factors [2022]
  • Environmental Science & Technology
    • Exposure to Contemporary and Emerging Chemicals in Commerce among Pregnant Women in the United States: The Environmental influences on Child Health Outcome (ECHO) Program [2022]
  • Fertility and Sterility
    • Before the beginning: environmental exposures and reproductive and obstetrical outcomes [2019]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Climate Change-Related Environmental Exposures and Perinatal and Maternal Health Outcomes in the U.S [2023]
    • Pre- and Postnatal Fine Particulate Matter Exposure and Childhood Cognitive and Adaptive Function [2022]
    • Association between Water Fluoride Levels and Low Birth Weight: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013-2016 [2022]
    • The Cumulative Risk of Chemical and Nonchemical Exposures on Birth Outcomes in Healthy Women: The Fetal Growth Study [2019]
  • JAMA Network Open
    • Association of Air Pollution and Heat Exposure With Preterm Birth, Low Birth Weight, and Stillbirth in the US [2020]
  • JAMA Pediatrics
    • Associations Between Prenatal Urinary Biomarkers of Phthalate Exposure and Preterm Birth: A Pooled Study of 16 US Cohorts [2022]
  • Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities
    • Air Pollution and Racial Disparities in Pregnancy Outcomes in the United States: A Systematic Review [2024]
  • Journal of the American Heart Association
    • Projected Changes in Maternal Heat Exposure During Early Pregnancy and the Associated Congenital Heart Defect Burden in the United States [2019]
  • Occupational and Environmental Medicine
    • Firefighter occupational factors and the risk of preterm birth: results from a survey of women firefighters in the USA [2023]
  • PLoS Medicine
    • Organophosphate exposures during pregnancy and child neurodevelopment: Recommendations for essential policy reforms [2018]
• WHO
  • World Health Organization
    • Report of a scoping meeting for the selection of indicators to monitor the impact of extreme heat on maternal, newborn and child health [2024]
    • Mercury: training for health care providers, 3d ed [2024]
    • Enhancing radiation safety culture in health care: guidance for health care providers [2024]
    • Compendium of WHO and other UN guidance in health and environment, 2024 update [2024]
    • Protecting maternal, newborn and child health from the impacts of climate change: call for action [2023]
    • Household air pollution: training for health care providers [2023]
    • Compendium of WHO and other UN guidance on health and environment: version with International Classification of Health Intervention (ICHI) codes [2023]
    • Ambient air pollution: training for health care providers, 3rd ed [2023]
    • Guidelines for drinking-water quality: Fourth edition incorporating the first and second addenda [2022]
    • WHO global air quality guidelines: particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10), ozone, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide and carbon monoxide [2021]
    • Mercury and human health: educational course [2021]
    • Guideline for clinical management of exposure to lead [2021]
    • Exposure to lead: a major public health concern, 2nd edition [2021]
    • Principles and methods to assess the risk of immunotoxicity associated with exposure to nanomaterials [2020]
    • Preventing disease through healthy environments: a global assessment of the burden of disease from environmental risks [2018]
    • Preventing disease through a healthier and safer workspace [2018]
    • Guidance document on evaluating and expressing uncertainty in hazard characterization, 2nd edition [2018]
    • Inheriting a sustainable world: Atlas on children’s health and the environment [2017]
    • Don’t pollute my future! The impact of the environment on children’s health [2017]
    • State of the science of endocrine disrupting chemicals 2012 [2012]
    • Guidance for immunotoxicity risk assessment for chemicals [2012]
    • Endocrine disrupters and child health [2012]
    • DDT in indoor residual spraying: human health aspects [2011]
    • Mercury: Assessing the environmental burden of disease at national and local levels [2008]
    • Indoor air pollution: from solid fuels and risk of low birth weight and stillbirth [2007]
    • Preventing early life environmental exposure
    • Lead poisoning: Fact sheet
    • Ionizing radiation and health effects: Fact sheet
    • Environmental health
    • Compendium of WHO and other UN guidance on health and environment
    • Chemical safety
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Obstetrics, perinatology

Exercise and physical activity in pregnancy

• Africa
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Physical activity and exercise during pregnancy in Africa: a review of the literature [2020]
• Asia-Pacific
  • BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine
    • Asia-Pacific consensus on physical activity and exercise in pregnancy and the postpartum period [2021]
• Australia
  • Australian Family Physician
    • Exercise in pregnancy [2014]
  • Department of Health, Disability and Ageing
    • Evidence-based physical activity guidelines for pregnant women
  • JMIR mHealth and uHealth
    • Evaluating Evidence-Based Content, Features of Exercise Instruction, and Expert Involvement in Physical Activity Apps for Pregnant Women: Systematic Search and Content Analysis [2022]
    • Quality, Features, and Presence of Behavior Change Techniques in Mobile Apps Designed to Improve Physical Activity in Pregnant Women: Systematic Search and Content Analysis [2021]
  • Value in Health
    • A Comparison of the Cost-Effectiveness of Lifestyle Interventions in Pregnancy [2022]
  • Women's Health
    • Longitudinal association of physical activity during pregnancy with maternal and infant outcomes: Findings from the Australian longitudinal study of women's health [2022]
• Australia, New Zealand
  • Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Exercise during pregnancy [2020]
• Brazil
  • Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia
    • Position Statement on Exercise During Pregnancy and the Post-Partum Period – 2021 [2021]
  • Revista Brasileira de Atividade Física & Saúde
    • Physical activity for pregnant and postpartum women: Physical Activity Guidelines for the Brazilian Population [2021]
  • Revista de Saúde Pública
    • Trend in physical activity patterns of pregnant women living in Brazilian capitals [2022]
• Canada
  • Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism
    • Development of the Get Active Questionnaire for Pregnancy: breaking down barriers to prenatal exercise [2022]
  • BMC Public Health
    • Dissemination and implementation strategies for physical activity guidelines among adults with disability, chronic conditions, and pregnancy: a systematic scoping review [2022]
  • Canadian Family Physician
    • Hot yoga and pregnancy: Fitness and hyperthermia [2014]
  • Journal of the Canadian Chiropractic Association
    • Physical activity throughout pregnancy: guideline critical appraisal and implementation tool [2021]
  • Perinatal Services BC
    • Physical Activity During Pregnancy
  • Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada
    • 2019 Canadian guideline for physical activity throughout pregnancy [2018]
• China
  • BMC Women's Health
    • Changes in physical activity across pregnancy among Chinese women: a longitudinal cohort study [2021]
• Colombia
  • Scientific Reports
    • Factors associated with meeting the WHO physical activity recommendations in pregnant Colombian women [2022]
• Denmark
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Compliance with national recommendations for exercise during early pregnancy in a Danish cohort [2015]
• Europe
  • BMJ Open
    • Status and contents of physical activity recommendations in European Union countries: a systematic comparative analysis [2020]
• France
  • Journal of Midwifery & Women's Health
    • Beneficial Effects of Maternal Physical Activity during Pregnancy on Fetal, Newborn, and Child Health: Guidelines for Interventions during the Perinatal Period from the French National College of Midwives [2022]
• High-income countries
  • American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine
    • Guidelines for Physical Activity during Pregnancy: Comparisons From Around the World [2014]
• International
  • BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation
    • Physical activity during pregnancy: a systematic review for the assessment of current evidence with future recommendations [2022]
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • Contradictions and convergences in recommendations on physical activity in pregnancy in different countries after the publication of the WHO guidelines in 2020-a scoping review [2025]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Physical Activity during Pregnancy and Newborn Body Composition: A Systematic Review [2022]
    • Current Research Trends, Hotspots, and Frontiers of Physical Activity during Pregnancy: A Bibliometric Analysis [2022]
    • Can Group Exercise Programs Improve Health Outcomes in Pregnant Women? An Updated Systematic Review [2022]
    • Integrative Review of Exercise at Altitude during Pregnancy [2021]
  • Journal of Midwifery & Women's Health
    • Clinical Practice Guidelines That Address Physical Activity and Exercise During Pregnancy: A Systematic Review [2022]
  • Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport
    • The association of physical activity during pregnancy with birthweight extremes: A scoping review [2024]
  • Women's Health
    • Interventions to increase self-reported physical activity during pregnancy: A systematic review [2025]
  • Women's Health Reports
    • Professional Exercise Recommendations for Healthy Women Who Are Pregnant: A Systematic Review [2021]
• Japan
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Relationship between Physical Activity and Physical and Mental Health Status in Pregnant Women: A Prospective Cohort Study of the Japan Environment and Children’s Study [2021]
• Lithuania
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Women's Knowledge and Perceptions of the Effect of Exercise during Pregnancy: A Cross-Sectional Study [2023]
• Norway
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Predicting who fails to meet the physical activity guideline in pregnancy: a prospective study of objectively recorded physical activity in a population-based multi-ethnic cohort [2016]
• Poland
  • Ginekologia Polska
    • Polish Society of Gynecologists and Obstetricians (PTGiP) and Polish Society of Sports Medicine (PTMS) recommendations on physical activity during pregnancy and the postpartum period [2023]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Impact of Physical Activity of Pregnant Women on Obstetric Outcomes [2022]
    • Physical Activity Patterns among 9000 Pregnant Women in Poland: A Cross-Sectional Study [2020]
• Saudi Arabia
  • Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care
    • Level of exercise and physical activity among pregnant women in Saudi Arabia: A systematic review [2021]
• South Africa
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Exercise during pregnancy: knowledge and beliefs of medical practitioners in South Africa: a survey study [2015]
• Sweden
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Physical activity and sedentary time during pregnancy and associations with maternal and fetal health outcomes: an epidemiological study [2021]
• United Kingdom
  • British Journal of General Practice
    • Physical activity for pregnant women: an infographic for healthcare professionals [2017]
  • Department of Health and Social Care
    • Physical activity guidelines: pregnancy and after childbirth
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Moving through Motherhood: Involving the Public in Research to Inform Physical Activity Promotion throughout Pregnancy and Beyond [2021]
• United States
  • American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
    • Physical Activity and Exercise During Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period: ACOG Committee Opinion, Number 804 [2020]
  • American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology MFM
    • Physical activity and pregnancy outcomes: an expert review [2023]
  • American Journal of Preventive Medicine
    • Prevalence of U.S. Pregnant Women Meeting 2015 ACOG Physical Activity Guidelines [2016]
  • Clinical Medicine Insights: Women's Health
    • Activity in Pregnancy for Patients with a History of Preterm Birth [2016]
  • Cureus
    • Exercise During Pregnancy: Obstetricians’ Beliefs and Recommendations Compared to American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists’ 2015 Guidelines [2018]
  • International Journal of Exercise Science
    • An Assessment of Mobile Applications Designed to Address Physical Activity During Pregnancy and Postpartum [2021]
  • Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise
    • Benefits of Physical Activity during Pregnancy and Postpartum: An Umbrella Review [2019]
  • National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
    • Longitudinal Changes in Physical Activity during Pregnancy: National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Fetal Growth Studies [2022]
  • Obstetrics & Gynecology
    • Physical Activity in Pregnancy and Neonatal Body Composition: The Healthy Start Study [2014]
  • Women's Health Issues
    • Exercise during pregnancy and risk of late preterm birth, cesarean delivery, and hospitalizations [2014]
• Western countries
  • International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity
    • Effectiveness of interventions to increase device-measured physical activity in pregnant women: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials [2022]
• WHO
  • World Health Organization
    • WHO guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour [2020]
    • WHO Guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour: Web Annex Evidence profiles [2020]
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Obstetrics, perinatology

Fetal alcohol syndrome, alcohol in pregnancy

• Africa
  • Tropical Medicine & International Health
    • Actual and predicted prevalence of alcohol consumption during pregnancy in the WHO African Region [2016]
• Americas
  • Pan American Health Organization
    • Health Services for Hazardous Use of Alcohol and Alcohol Use Disorders: what is the Latest Evidence? [2022]
    • Assessment of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders [2020]
• Australia
  • Australian Institute of Health and Welfare
    • Alcohol use during pregnancy
  • BMC Pediatrics
    • Invited commentary on Australian fetal alcohol spectrum disorder diagnostic guidelines [2014]
    • Recommendations from a consensus development workshop on the diagnosis of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders in Australia [2013]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Drowning our sorrows: clinical and ethical considerations of termination in alcohol-affected pregnancy [2020]
  • BMJ Open
    • Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder resources for health professionals: a scoping review [2024]
  • Department of Health, Disability and Ageing
    • National Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) Strategic Action Plan 2018-2028 – Three-year implementation review [2022]
    • National Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) Strategic Action Plan 2018–2028 [2018]
  • FASD Hub Australia
    • For Health Professionals
  • Implementation Science
    • Cost, cost-consequence and cost-effectiveness evaluation of a practice change intervention to increase routine provision of antenatal care addressing maternal alcohol consumption [2022]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Prevalence and Patterns of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure in Australian Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies: A Systematic Review of Data Collection Approaches [2022]
    • Key Stakeholder Priorities for the Review and Update of the Australian Guide to Diagnosis of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder: A Qualitative Descriptive Study [2022]
  • International Journal of Population Data Science
    • It takes a village: Influencing policy and practice to prevent alcohol use in pregnancy and promote better outcomes for individuals living with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder [2022]
    • Community Priority setting for Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder Research in Australia [2020]
  • National Health and Medical Research Council
    • Early diagnosis of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder in Indigenous children [2020]
    • Australian guidelines to reduce health risks from drinking alcohol
  • Psychiatry, Psychology, and Law
    • Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder: the importance of assessment, diagnosis and support in the Australian justice context [2020]
  • Public Health Research and Practice
    • Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders in Australia – the future is prevention [2015]
• Australia, New Zealand
  • Health Promotion International
    • Influencing and implementing mandatory alcohol pregnancy warning labels in Australia and New Zealand [2023]
• Brazil
  • Cadernos de Saúde Pública
    • Prevalence of alcohol use during pregnancy, Brazil, 2011-2012 [2023]
• Canada
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • A harmonized analysis of five Canadian pregnancy cohort studies: exploring the characteristics and pregnancy outcomes associated with prenatal alcohol exposure [2023]
  • BMC Public Health
    • The cost-effectiveness of screening tools used in the diagnosis of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder: a modelled analysis [2019]
    • Population-based prevalence of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder in Canada [2019]
  • BMJ Open
    • Canadian clinical capacity for fetal alcohol spectrum disorder assessment, diagnosis, disclosure and support to children and adolescents: a cross-sectional study [2022]
  • Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health
    • Substance Use in Breastfeeding Parents: A Review of Safety and Guidelines [2018]
  • Canadian Journal of Psychiatry
    • Suicidality and Associated Factors Among Individuals Assessed for Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder Across the Lifespan in Canada [2022]
    • The Standardization of Diagnostic Criteria for Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD): Implications for Research, Clinical Practice and Population Health [2019]
    • Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD): A Policy Perspective [2019]
    • Advocacy-Related Information Distortion: The Case of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders [2019]
  • CMAJ
    • Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder: a guideline for diagnosis across the lifespan [2016]
  • Health
    • ‘Think before you drink’: Challenging narratives on foetal alcohol spectrum disorder and indigeneity in Canada [2021]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • The Potential for Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder Prevention of a Harmonized Approach to Data Collection about Alcohol Use in Pregnancy Cohort Studies [2019]
  • Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
    • Teacher-Reported Prevalence of FASD in Kindergarten in Canada: Association with Child Development and Problems at Home [2021]
  • Journal of the Canadian Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
    • Persisting Concerns Regarding the New Canadian FASD Guidelines [2018]
    • A Critique of the New Canadian Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder Guideline [2017]
  • Perinatal Services BC
    • Provincial Guideline for the Clinical Management of High-Risk Drinking and Alcohol Use Disorder [2020]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Cost of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder Diagnosis in Canada [2013]
  • Public Health Agency of Canada
    • Prevalence of alcohol use among women of reproductive age in Canada [2021]
    • FASD prevalence among children and youth: results from the 2019 Canadian Health Survey on Children and Youth [2021]
    • Alcohol use during pregnancy and fetal alcohol spectrum disorder in Canada: who, what, where? [2021]
    • Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD)
  • Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada
    • Screening and Counselling for Alcohol Consumption During Pregnancy [2020]
    • Alcohol Use and Pregnancy Consensus Clinical Guidelines [2017]
  • Women's Health
    • Supportive alcohol policy as a key element of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder prevention [2023]
• Canada, United Kingdom, United States
  • Women's Health
    • Supporting pregnant and parenting women who use alcohol during pregnancy: A scoping review of trauma-informed approaches [2023]
• Canada, United States
  • Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research
    • Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder: Can We Change the Future? [2020]
  • European Journal of Medical Genetics
    • Prevalence of alcohol consumption during pregnancy and Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders among the general and Aboriginal populations in Canada and the United States [2016]
• Denmark
  • Lancet Public Health
    • Heavy prenatal alcohol exposure and overall morbidities: a Danish nationwide cohort study from 1996 to 2018 [2023]
• Ethiopia
  • PLoS ONE
    • Spatial distribution and determinants of alcohol consumption among pregnant women in Ethiopia: Spatial and multilevel analysis [2022]
• Europe
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Prevention of alcohol exposed pregnancies in Europe: the FAR SEAS guidelines [2024]
  • WHO European Region
    • Prevention of harm caused by alcohol exposure in pregnancy: rapid review and case studies from Member States [2016]
• France
  • Drug and Alcohol Dependence
    • The frequency of severe Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders in the neonatal period using data from the French hospital discharge database between 2006 and 2013 [2021]
  • Reproductive Health
    • Warning about drinking during pregnancy: lessons from the French experience [2018]
• Germany
  • European Journal of Paediatric Neurology
    • Diagnosis of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders: German guideline version 2024 [2024]
• High-income countries
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Effectiveness of brief alcohol interventions for pregnant women: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis [2023]
• International
  • Addiction
    • Prevalence of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder among special subpopulations: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2019]
  • Alcohol Research: Current Reviews
    • Low to Moderate Prenatal Alcohol Exposure and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes: A Narrative Review and Methodological Considerations [2023]
    • Identifying Prenatal Alcohol Exposure and Children Affected by It: A Review of Biomarkers and Screening Tools [2023]
  • Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research
    • Alcohol Use in Pregnancy and Miscarriage: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2019]
  • BMC Medicine
    • Prenatal alcohol exposure and associations with physical size, dysmorphology and neurodevelopment: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2024]
  • BMJ Open
    • Systematic literature review on which maternal alcohol behaviours are related to fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) [2018]
  • Drug and Alcohol Review
    • Why do women consume alcohol during pregnancy or while breastfeeding? [2022]
  • European Journal of Midwifery
    • Opening Pandora's box: A meta-ethnography about alcohol use in pregnancy from midwives' and other healthcare providers' perspectives [2023]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • The Alcohol Industry and Social Responsibility: Links to FASD [2022]
  • International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction
    • Screening for Alcohol Use in Pregnancy: a Review of Current Practices and Perspectives [2021]
  • Journal of Affective Disorders
    • Prevalence of co-occurring diagnoses in people exposed to alcohol prenatally: Findings from a meta-analysis [2024]
  • Lancet Global Health
    • Estimation of national, regional, and global prevalence of alcohol use during pregnancy and fetal alcohol syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2017]
    • The international charter on prevention of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder [2014]
  • Midwifery
    • Women's views and experiences of occasional alcohol consumption during pregnancy: A systematic review of qualitative studies and their recommendations [2022]
  • Neonatology
    • Ignored Papers, Invented Quotations: A History of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome [2021]
  • Nutrients
    • Alcohol’s Impact on the Fetus [2021]
• Ireland
  • Ireland's Health Services
    • HSE Position on Prevention of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders [2022]
• Israel
  • Drug and Alcohol Dependence
    • Pregnant women’s alcohol consumption and knowledge about its risks: An Israeli survey [2021]
  • Nutrients
    • Nutritionists' Practices and Knowledge about the Risks of Alcohol Consumption during Pregnancy: An Israeli Survey [2022]
• Italy
  • Rivista di Psichiatria
    • Italian Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders: prevention and health promotion [2024]
    • Italian Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders: multimodal approaches of treatment and intervention [2024]
    • Italian Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders: epidemiology [2024]
    • Italian Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders: detecting alcohol drinking during pregnancy [2024]
    • Italian Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders: cognitive and behavioral deficits [2024]
    • Italian Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders [2024]
• Japan
  • BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology
    • Association between maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy and risk of preterm delivery: the Japan Environment and Children's Study [2019]
  • Scientific Reports
    • Alcohol Consumption During Pregnancy and Risk of Placental Abnormality: The Japan Environment and Children’s Study [2019]
• Netherlands
  • BMC Public Health
    • Prevalence and pattern of alcohol consumption during pregnancy in the Netherlands [2015]
• Netherlands, United States
  • Journal of Medical Internet Research
    • Effectiveness of Digital Interventions for Preventing Alcohol Consumption in Pregnancy: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis [2022]
• New Zealand
  • Health New Zealand
    • Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) Diagnostic Guidelines for Aotearoa New Zealand [2024]
    • Examining neurocognitive outcomes of children that have experienced prenatal alcohol exposure using data from the Growing Up in New Zealand [2023]
    • Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder
  • Starship
    • Alcohol - Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD)
• Norway
  • Scientific Reports
    • Pre-conception and prenatal alcohol exposure from mothers and fathers drinking and head circumference: results from the Norwegian Mother-Child Study (MoBa) [2016]
• Poland
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Is Public Health Response to the Phenomenon of Alcohol Use during Pregnancy Adequate to the Polish Women's Needs? [2022]
    • Diagnosis of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASDs): Guidelines of Interdisciplinary Group of Polish Professionals [2021]
• Republic of Korea
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Alcohol Use Disorders and Increased Risk of Adverse Birth Complications and Outcomes: An 11-Year Nationwide Cohort Study [2020]
• South Africa
  • African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine
    • Alcohol ban during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown: Lessons for preventing foetal alcohol spectrum disorder in South Africa [2022]
  • Archives of Public Health
    • A pooled prevalence of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders in South Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol [2021]
  • BMC Health Services Research
    • A guideline for the prevention and management of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder in South Africa [2019]
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • Policy Requirements for the Prevention and Management of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder in South Africa: A Policy Brief [2021]
  • Health Policy and Planning
    • A scoping review of the determinants of foetal alcohol spectrum disorder in South Africa: an intersectional perspective [2021]
  • Health Research Policy and Systems
    • To what extent is Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder considered in policy-related documents in South Africa? A document review [2019]
• Sub-Saharan Africa
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Alcohol use during pregnancy and associated factors among pregnant women in Sub-Saharan Africa: further analysis of the recent demographic and health survey data [2022]
  • Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment
    • Alcohol consumption and its associated factors among pregnant women in Sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis' as given in the submission system [2020]
• Tanzania
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy and associated factors among pregnant women in Tanzania: evidence from the 2022 Tanzania Demographic and Health Survey [2025]
• United Kingdom
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Barriers and enablers of implementation of alcohol guidelines with pregnant women: a cross-sectional survey among UK midwives [2021]
  • BMJ Open
    • Low alcohol consumption and pregnancy and childhood outcomes: time to change guidelines indicating apparently ‘safe’ levels of alcohol during pregnancy? A systematic review and meta-analyses [2017]
  • British Medical Association
    • Alcohol and pregnancy: preventing and managing fetal alcohol spectrum disorders [2016]
  • Department of Health and Social Care
    • Alcohol Guidelines Review – Report from the Guidelines Development Group to the UK Chief Medical Officers [2016]
    • Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder: health needs assessment
  • National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
    • Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder [2022]
  • NHS England
    • Alcohol exposed pregnancy standing operational procedure [2022]
  • SIGN
    • Children and young people exposed prenatally to alcohol
• United States
  • Alcohol Research: Current Reviews
    • Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders: Awareness to Insight in Just 50 Years [2022]
  • Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research
    • Development and validation of a postnatal risk score that identifies children with prenatal alcohol exposure [2022]
  • American Academy of Pediatrics
    • The Role of Integrated Care in a Medical Home for Patients With a Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder [2018]
    • Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders [2015]
    • Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders
  • American Family Physician
    • Fetal Alcohol Syndrome and Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders [2017]
  • American Journal of Nursing
    • Addressing Alcohol Use in Pregnancy [2020]
  • American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology
    • Week-by-week alcohol consumption in early pregnancy and spontaneous abortion risk: A prospective cohort study [2021]
  • American Journal of Preventive Medicine
    • Trends in Alcohol Use Among Pregnant Women in the U.S., 2011–2018 [2020]
  • Association of Women's Health, Obstetric and Neonatal Nurses
    • Prevention of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders [2023]
  • BMC Proceedings
    • Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders prevention and clinical guidelines research - workshop report [2024]
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Screening and Brief Interventions for Alcohol Use During Pregnancy: Practices Among US Primary Care Clinicians, DocStyles 2019 [2023]
    • Alcohol Use, Screening, and Brief Intervention Among Pregnant Persons — 24 U.S. Jurisdictions, 2017 and 2019 [2023]
    • Alcohol Consumption and Binge Drinking During Pregnancy Among Adults Aged 18–49 Years — United States, 2018–2020 [2022]
    • Alcohol Use and Co-Use of Other Substances Among Pregnant Females Aged 12–44 Years — United States, 2015–2018 [2020]
    • Consumption of Alcohol Beverages and Binge Drinking Among Pregnant Women Aged 18–44 Years — United States, 2015–2017 [2019]
    • Vital Signs: Alcohol-Exposed Pregnancies — United States, 2011–2013 [2016]
    • Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders
  • Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology
    • Alcohol Use in Pregnancy [2019]
  • Current Developmental Disorders Reports
    • Neurobehavioral Disorder Associated with Prenatal Alcohol Exposure (ND-PAE): Review of Evidence and Guidelines for Assessment [2015]
  • Drug and Alcohol Dependence
    • Trajectories of prenatal alcohol exposure and behavioral outcomes: Findings from a community-based sample [2022]
    • Racial differences in the relationship between alcohol/pregnancy policies and birth outcomes and prenatal care utilization: A legal epidemiology study [2019]
  • JAMA Network Open
    • Association of Pregnancy-Specific Alcohol Policies With Infant Morbidities and Maltreatment [2023]
    • Trends in Binge Drinking and Heavy Alcohol Consumption Among Pregnant Women in the US, 2011 to 2020 [2022]
  • Journal of Pediatric Health Care
    • Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders: What Pediatric Providers Need to Know [2017]
  • Journal of Public Health Management and Practice
    • Variations by education status in relationships between alcohol/pregnancy policies and birth outcomes and prenatal care utilization: a legal epidemiology study [2020]
  • Maternal and Child Health Journal
    • Performance Measurement: A Proposal to Increase Use of SBIRT and Decrease Alcohol Consumption during Pregnancy [2014]
  • Medical Decision Making
    • Reducing the Prevalence of Alcohol-Exposed Pregnancies in the United States: A Simulation Modeling Study [2022]
  • National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism
    • Understanding Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders
  • Pediatrics
    • Updated Clinical Guidelines for Diagnosing Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders [2016]
  • Scientific Reports
    • Punitive state policies targeting alcohol use during pregnancy and alcohol consumption among pregnant women [2024]
  • Women's Health
    • Alcohol consumption and pregnancy in American Indian and Alaska Native women: A scoping review of the literature [2023]
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Obstetrics, perinatology

Fetal growth restriction

• Australia
  • Australian Institute of Health and Welfare
    • Babies weighing less than the third centile
  • NSW Health
    • Care of women with suspected or confirmed Fetal Growth Restriction
  • SA Health
    • Fetal Growth (Restricted)
• Australia, New Zealand
  • Perinatal Society of Australia and New Zealand
    • Position statement: detection and management of fetal growth restriction in singleton pregnancies [2023]
• Benin
  • PLoS ONE
    • Assessing fetal growth in Africa: Application of the international WHO and INTERGROWTH-21st standards in a Beninese pregnancy cohort [2022]
• Canada
  • Perinatal Services BC
    • Fetal Growth Restriction/Small for Gestational Age
  • Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada
    • Fetal Growth Restriction: Screening, Diagnosis, and Management in Singleton Pregnancies [2023]
• Europe
  • Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine
    • Clinical practice guidance for the management of fetal growth restriction: an expert review [2025]
  • Ultraschall in der Medizin
    • Longitudinal Doppler Assessments in Late Preterm Fetal Growth Restriction [2023]
• Germany
  • Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics
    • Can Chat-GPT read and understand guidelines? An example using the S2k guideline intrauterine growth restriction of the German Society for Gynecology and Obstetrics [2024]
  • Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde
    • Fetal Growth Restriction – Diagnostic Work-up, Management and Delivery [2020]
    • Intrauterine Growth Restriction. Guideline of the German Society of Gynecology and Obstetrics (S2k Level, AWMF Registry No. 015/080, October 2016) [2017]
• International
  • Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica
    • Current practice in the diagnosis and management of fetal growth restriction: An international survey [2022]
  • American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology
    • Clinical Opinion: The diagnosis and management of suspected fetal growth restriction: an evidence-based approach [2022]
    • Evidence-based national guidelines for the management of suspected fetal growth restriction: comparison, consensus, and controversy [2018]
  • Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine
    • Consensus Definition of Fetal Growth Restriction in Intrauterine Fetal Death: A Delphi Procedure [2021]
  • International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics
    • FIGO (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics) initiative on fetal growth: Best practice advice for screening, diagnosis, and management of fetal growth restriction [2021]
  • International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
    • ISUOG Practice Guidelines: diagnosis and management of small-for-gestational-age fetus and fetal growth restriction [2020]
  • Journal of Mother and Child
    • Is growth restriction in twin pregnancies a double challenge? [2021]
  • Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia
    • Comparison between Protocols for Management of Fetal Growth Restriction [2023]
  • Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology
    • Diagnosis and management of fetal growth restriction: the ISUOG guideline and comparison with the SMFM guideline [2021]
    • Essential variables for reporting research studies on fetal growth restriction: a Delphi consensus [2019]
    • Consensus definition and essential reporting parameters of selective fetal growth restriction in twin pregnancy: a Delphi procedure [2019]
  • Vaccine
    • Fetal growth restriction: Case definition & guidelines for data collection, analysis, and presentation of immunization safety data [2017]
• Nepal
  • Archives of Public Health
    • Role of antenatal care and iron supplementation during pregnancy in preventing low birth weight in Nepal: comparison of national surveys 2006 and 2011 [2014]
• Netherlands
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Multidisciplinary consensus on screening for, diagnosis and management of fetal growth restriction in the Netherlands [2017]
  • European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology
    • Practice variation in diagnosis, monitoring and management of fetal growth restriction in the Netherlands [2022]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Cost-Effectiveness of Routine Third Trimester Ultrasound Screening for Fetal Growth Restriction Compared to Care as Usual in Low-Risk Pregnancies: A Pragmatic Nationwide Stepped-Wedge Cluster-Randomized Trial in The Netherlands (the IRIS Study) [2022]
• New Zealand
  • Health New Zealand
    • Small for Gestational Age / Fetal Growth Restriction Guidelines [2023]
• Nigeria
  • Global Health Action
    • Risk factors for low birth weight in Nigeria: evidence from the 2013 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey [2016]
• Poland
  • Ginekologia Polska
    • The Polish Society of Gynecologists and Obstetricians Guideline for the diagnostic assessment and management of multiple-gestation pregnancy complicated by fetal growth restriction [2022]
    • Polish Society of Gynecologists and Obstetricians Recommendations on diagnosis and management of fetal growth restriction [2020]
• Sri Lanka
  • Sri Lanka College of Obstetricians & Gynaecologists
    • The Investigation and Management of the Small-for-Gestational-Age Fetus and Fetal Growth Restrictions [2023]
• United Kingdom
  • Health Technology Assessment
    • Development and validation of prediction models for fetal growth restriction and birthweight: an individual participant data meta-analysis [2024]
  • National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
    • Evidence review for small-for-gestational age baby [2019]
  • NHS England
    • North West guideline for the detection and management of fetal growth restriction [2023]
    • North West Regional Early Onset FGR Integrated Care Pathway [2021]
  • Right Decisions
    • GAP Guidance: Assessment of Fetal Growth and Management of SGA Pregnancies
  • Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Small-for-Gestational-Age Fetus and a Growth Restricted Fetus, Investigation and Care [2024]
• United States
  • American College of Radiology
    • Growth Disturbances–Risk of Fetal Growth Restriction
  • American Family Physician
    • Fetal Growth Restriction Before and After Birth [2021]
  • American Journal of Perinatology
    • Fetal Growth Restriction: A Pragmatic Approach [2025]
  • Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine
    • Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine Consult Series #52: Diagnosis and management of fetal growth restriction [2020]
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Premature infants, low birth weight, small for gestational age
    • Obstetrics, perinatology

Fetal maturation, antenatal corticosteroids

• Australia
  • Queensland Health
    • Antenatal corticosteroids (guideline supplement)
    • Antenatal corticosteroids
• Brazil
  • Revista Paulista de Pediatria
    • Use of antenatal corticosteroids in Brazil: data analysis from the National Survey Nascer no Brasil [2021]
• Canada
  • Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada
    • Antenatal Corticosteroids at Late Preterm Gestation [2023]
• Canada, United States
  • Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada
    • Antenatal Corticosteroid Prophylaxis at Late Preterm Gestation: Clinical Guidelines Versus Clinical Practice [2023]
• China
  • BMC Pediatrics
    • The variation of antenatal corticosteroids administration for the singleton preterm birth in China, 2017 to 2018 [2022]
  • Chinese Medical Journal
    • Use of antenatal corticosteroids among infants with gestational age at 24 to 31 weeks in 57 neonatal intensive care units of China: a cross-sectional study [2023]
  • Frontiers in Pediatrics
    • Antenatal corticosteroids is associated with better postnatal growth outcomes of very preterm infants: A national multicenter cohort study in China [2023]
• Ethiopia
  • Global Pediatric Health
    • Antenatal Steroid Utilization in Ethiopia [2021]
• Europe
  • Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine
    • European guidelines on perinatal care: corticosteroids for women at risk of preterm birth [2023]
• Finland
  • JAMA Network Open
    • Associations Between Maternal Antenatal Corticosteroid Treatment and Psychological Developmental and Neurosensory Disorders in Children [2022]
  • PLoS Medicine
    • Antenatal corticosteroid therapy (ACT) and size at birth: A population-based analysis using the Finnish Medical Birth Register [2019]
• France
  • Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica
    • Impact of antenatal corticosteroids on head circumference of full-term newborns: A French multicenter cohort study [2020]
• High-income countries
  • BMJ Open
    • Antenatal corticosteroids in specific groups at risk of preterm birth: a systematic review [2023]
  • Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
    • Different corticosteroids and regimens for accelerating fetal lung maturation for babies at risk of preterm birth [2022]
  • Pediatric Research
    • Neurological implications of antenatal corticosteroids on late preterm and term infants: a scoping review [2022]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Consortium for the Study of Pregnancy Treatments (Co-OPT): An international birth cohort to study the effects of antenatal corticosteroids [2023]
• International
  • American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology
    • Antenatal Corticosteroids in Preterm Small-for-Gestational Age Infants: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2020]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Antenatal corticosteroids for management of preterm birth: a multi-country analysis of health system bottlenecks and potential solutions [2015]
  • BMJ
    • The proportions of term or late preterm births after exposure to early antenatal corticosteroids, and outcomes: systematic review and meta-analysis of 1.6 million infants [2023]
  • Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
    • Repeat doses of prenatal corticosteroids for women at risk of preterm birth for improving neonatal health outcomes [2022]
    • Antenatal corticosteroids for accelerating fetal lung maturation for women at risk of preterm birth [2020]
  • EClinicalMedicine
    • Effect of antenatal corticosteroid administration-to-birth interval on maternal and newborn outcomes: a systematic review [2023]
  • Frontiers in Pharmacology
    • The role of antenatal corticosteroids in twin pregnancy [2023]
  • Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde
    • Administration of Antenatal Corticosteroids: Optimal Timing [2024]
  • International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics
    • FIGO good practice recommendations on the use of prenatal corticosteroids to improve outcomes and minimize harm in babies born preterm [2021]
  • JAMA Pediatrics
    • Evaluation of Long-term Outcomes Associated With Preterm Exposure to Antenatal Corticosteroids: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis [2022]
  • Lancet Global Health
    • Updated WHO recommendations on antenatal corticosteroids and tocolytic therapy for improving preterm birth outcomes [2022]
  • Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology
    • Point: Antenatal corticosteroid treatment in the late preterm period-Are the benefits worth the potential risks? [2023]
  • Pediatric Research
    • Antenatal corticosteroids: a reappraisal of the drug formulation and dose [2021]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Antenatal corticosteroids for impending late preterm (34-36+6 weeks) deliveries—A systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs [2021]
    • Antenatal Corticosteroids for Reducing Adverse Maternal and Child Outcomes in Special Populations of Women at Risk of Imminent Preterm Birth: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2016]
  • Reproductive Health
    • The global network antenatal corticosteroids trial: impact on stillbirth [2016]
    • The Antenatal Corticosteroids Trial (ACT)’s explanations for neonatal mortality - a secondary analysis [2016]
    • The Antenatal Corticosteroids Trial (ACT): a secondary analysis to explore site differences in a multi-country trial [2016]
  • World Association of Perinatal Medicine
    • The use of antenatal corticosteroids for fetal maturation: clinical practice guideline by the WAPM-World Association of Perinatal Medicine and the PMF-Perinatal Medicine foundation [2022]
• Ireland
  • Ireland's Health Services
    • Antenatal Corticosteroids to Reduce Neonatal Morbidity and Mortality [2024]
• Japan
  • Scientific Reports
    • Antenatal corticosteroids and preterm offspring outcomes in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: A Japanese cohort study [2020]
• Low and middle income countries
  • Health Research Policy and Systems
    • Antenatal corticosteroids for early preterm birth: implementation strategy lessons from the WHO ACTION-I trial [2022]
  • Lancet Global Health
    • Antenatal dexamethasone for improving preterm newborn outcomes in low-resource countries: a cost-effectiveness analysis of the WHO ACTION-I trial [2022]
  • New England Journal of Medicine
    • Antenatal Dexamethasone for Early Preterm Birth in Low-Resource Countries [2020]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Assessing the quality of antenatal corticosteroids in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review [2020]
  • Reproductive Health
    • Use of antenatal corticosteroids at health facilities and communities in low-and-middle income countries [2016]
    • Reducing neonatal mortality associated with preterm birth: gaps in knowledge of the impact of antenatal corticosteroids on preterm birth outcomes in low-middle income countries [2016]
  • Trials
    • The World Health Organization ACTION-I (Antenatal CorTicosteroids for Improving Outcomes in preterm Newborns) Trial: a multi-country, multi-centre, two-arm, parallel, double-blind, placebo-controlled, individually randomized trial of antenatal corticosteroids for women at risk of imminent birth in the early preterm period in hospitals in low-resource countries [2019]
• New Zealand
  • Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology
    • Little evidence for long-term harm from antenatal corticosteroids in a population-based very low birthweight young adult cohort [2022]
• Republic of Korea
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • A comparison of short- and long-term prognoses between cases with and without antenatal corticosteroid administration in late preterm delivery: a nationwide population-based study [2025]
  • BMJ Paediatrics Open
    • Effects of antenatal corticosteroids on neonatal outcomes in twin and singleton pregnancies: a Korean national cohort study [2023]
  • Pediatrics and Neonatology
    • Dose completion of antenatal corticosteroids and neonatal outcomes in non-small-for-gestational age or small-for-gestational age very-low-birthweight infants: A Korean population-based cohort study [2022]
• Sub-Saharan Africa
  • Global Health: Science and Practice
    • Antenatal Corticosteroids for Women at Risk of Imminent Preterm Birth in 7 sub-Saharan African Countries: A Policy and Implementation Landscape Analysis [2018]
• Taiwan
  • BMJ
    • Association between antenatal corticosteroids and risk of serious infection in children: nationwide cohort study [2023]
  • Journal of the Formosan Medical Association
    • The gestational effect of antenatal corticosteroids on respiratory distress syndrome in very low birth weight infants: A population-based study [2020]
• United Kingdom
  • National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
    • Corticosteroids for women between 24+0 and 33+6 weeks of pregnancy [2019]
  • Pregnancy Hypertension
    • Optimising timing of steroid administration in preterm pre-eclampsia [2022]
  • Right Decisions
    • Guideline for Corticosteroids administration in the antenatal period to reduce neonatal morbidity
  • Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Antenatal corticosteroids to reduce neonatal morbidity and mortality [2022]
• United States
  • American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
    • Use of Antenatal Corticosteroids at 22 Weeks of Gestation [2021]
    • Antenatal Corticosteroid Therapy for Fetal Maturation [2017]
  • American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology
    • The impact of the Antenatal Late Preterm Steroids trial on the administration of antenatal corticosteroids [2022]
    • Assessing the potential impact of extending antenatal steroids to the late preterm period [2017]
  • Children
    • Antenatal Corticosteroids: Extending the Practice for Late-Preterm and Scheduled Early-Term Deliveries? [2021]
  • JAMA
    • Association of antenatal corticosteroids with mortality and neurodevelopmental outcomes among infants born at 22–25 weeks gestation [2011]
  • JAMA Network Open
    • US Incidence of Late-Preterm Steroid Use and Associated Neonatal Respiratory Morbidity After Publication of the Antenatal Late Preterm Steroids Trial, 2015-2017 [2022]
  • National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
    • Short Duration of Antenatal Corticosteroid Exposure and Outcomes in Extremely Preterm Infants [2025]
    • The effects of betamethasone on the amplitude integrated EEG of infants born at 34- or 35-weeks gestation [2022]
    • Potential missed opportunities for antenatal corticosteroid exposure and outcomes among periviable births: observational cohort study [2022]
    • Association of Antenatal Steroid Exposure at 21 to 22 Weeks of Gestation With Neonatal Survival and Survival Without Morbidities [2022]
    • Antenatal Corticosteroids and Preterm Neonatal Morbidity and Mortality among Women with and without Diabetes in Pregnancy [2022]
    • Optimal timing of antenatal corticosteroid administration and preterm neonatal and early childhood outcomes [2020]
    • Association of Antenatal Corticosteroids and Magnesium Sulfate Therapy With Neurodevelopmental Outcome in Extremely Preterm Children [2020]
    • Discordance in Antenatal Corticosteroid Use and Resuscitation Following Extremely Preterm Birth [2019]
    • Cost-effectiveness of Antenatal Corticosteroid Therapy vs No Therapy in Women at Risk of Late Preterm Delivery: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial [2019]
    • Mortality and pulmonary outcomes of extremely preterm infants exposed to antenatal corticosteroids [2018]
    • What we have learned about antenatal corticosteroid regimens [2016]
    • Association of Neurodevelopmental Outcomes and Neonatal Morbidities of Extremely Premature Infants With Differential Exposure to Antenatal Steroids [2016]
    • Association of Antenatal Corticosteroids With Mortality, Morbidity, and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Extremely Preterm Multiple Gestation Infants [2016]
    • Association of antenatal corticosteroids with mortality and neurodevelopmental outcomes among infants born at 22 to 25 weeks' gestation [2011]
  • New England Journal of Medicine
    • Antenatal Corticosteroids for Women at Risk of Late Preterm Delivery [2016]
  • Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine
    • Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine Special Statement: Quality metrics for optimal timing of antenatal corticosteroid administration [2022]
    • Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine Consult Series #58: Use of antenatal corticosteroids for individuals at risk for late preterm delivery [2021]
• WHO
  • World Health Organization
    • WHO recommendations on antenatal corticosteroids for improving preterm birth outcomes [2022]
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Premature labor, preterm delivery
    • Obstetrics, perinatology
    • Newborn respiratory tract diseases

Fetal therapy

• Argentina
  • Archivos argentinos de pediatría
    • Update on prenatal diagnosis and fetal surgery for myelomeningocele [2021]
• Asia
  • Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy
    • Establishing Prenatal Surgery for Myelomeningocele in Asia: The Singapore Consensus [2017]
• Brazil
  • Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia
    • Brazilian Fetal Cardiology Guidelines [2019]
• Canada, United States
  • North American Fetal Therapy Network
    • Fetoscopic Endoluminal Tracheal Occlusion for Severe, Left-Sided Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia: The North American Fetal Therapy Network Fetoscopic Endoluminal Tracheal Occlusion Consortium Experience [2024]
    • Indications, Resource Allocation, and Outcomes Associated with Ex-Utero Intrapartum Treatment Procedures: A North American Fetal Therapy Network Survey [2023]
    • Interventions to prevent preterm delivery in women with short cervix before fetoscopic laser surgery for twin-twin transfusion syndrome [2022]
    • North American Fetal Therapy Network: Timing of and indications for delivery following laser ablation for twin-twin transfusion syndrome [2019]
    • Publications
  • Obstetrics & Gynecology
    • Care Levels for Fetal Therapy Centers [2022]
• Germany
  • Translational Pediatrics
    • Counseling for fetal heart disease—current standards and best practice [2021]
• India
  • Society of Fetal Medicine
    • Standard Operating Procedures Ex Utero Intrapartum Therapy (EXIT) [2024]
    • SFM Fetal Therapy Practice Guidelines: Fetoscopic Endoluminal Tracheal Occlusion [2024]
    • SFM Fetal Therapy Practice Guidelines: Radiofrequency Ablation of Fetal Umbilical Cord [2023]
    • SFM Fetal Therapy Practice Guidelines: Open Fetal Surgery [2023]
    • SFM Fetal Therapy Practice Guidelines: Intrauterine Blood Transfusion [2023]
    • SFM Fetal Therapy Practice Guidelines: Fetoscopic Laser Photocoagulation in Monochorionic Twins [2023]
    • SFM Fetal Therapy Practice Guidelines: Fetal Tissue Biopsy [2023]
    • SFM Fetal Therapy Practice Guidelines: Fetal Shunts [2023]
    • SFM Fetal Therapy Practice Guidelines: Fetal Medical Therapy [2023]
    • SFM Fetal Therapy Practice Guidelines: Fetal Interstitial Laser [2023]
    • SFM Fetal Therapy Practice Guidelines: Fetal Fluid Aspiration [2023]
    • SFM Fetal Therapy Practice Guidelines: Fetal Cystoscopic Laser Ablation [2023]
    • SFM Fetal Therapy Practice Guidelines: Bipolar Cord Coagulation [2023]
    • SFM Practice Guidelines
• International
  • Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica
    • Perinatal outcomes following fetoscopic laser surgery for early twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome: Systematic review and meta-analysis [2024]
  • Brazilian Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery
    • A Systematic Review of Benefits and Risks of Fetal Surgery for Congenital Cardiac Defects Such as Pulmonary Valve Stenosis and Critical Aortic Stenosis [2023]
  • Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology
    • Fetal surgical intervention for myelomeningocele: lessons learned, outcomes, and future implications [2020]
  • International Fetal Cardiac Invention Registry
    • Prediction of postnatal circulation in pulmonary atresia/critical stenosis with intact ventricular septum: systematic review and external validation of models [2023]
    • Fetal Cardiac Intervention for Pulmonary Atresia with Intact Ventricular Septum: International Fetal Cardiac Intervention Registry [2020]
    • Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome With Intact or Restrictive Atrial Septum: A Report From the International Fetal Cardiac Intervention Registry [2017]
    • International Fetal Cardiac Intervention Registry: A Worldwide Collaborative Description and Preliminary Outcomes [2015]
  • International Fetal Medicine and Surgery Society
    • Fetal Treatment 2017: The Evolution of Fetal Therapy Centers - A Joint Opinion from the International Fetal Medicine and Surgical Society (IFMSS) and the North American Fetal Therapy Network (NAFTNet) [2017]
  • International Fetal Transplantation and Immunology Society
    • Fetal and Maternal Safety Considerations for In Utero Therapy Clinical Trials: iFeTiS Consensus Statement [2020]
    • In Utero Gene Therapy Consensus Statement from the IFeTIS [2019]
  • JAMA Network Open
    • Global Policy and Practice for Intrauterine Fetal Resuscitation During Fetal Surgery for Open Spina Bifida Repair [2023]
  • Medicina
    • Myelomeningocele Surgery over the 10 Years Following the MOMS Trial: A Systematic Review of Outcomes in Prenatal versus Postnatal Surgical Repair [2021]
  • Prenatal Diagnosis
    • Fetoscopic myelomeningocoele closure: Is the scientific evidence enough to challenge the gold standard for prenatal surgery? [2021]
  • Translational Pediatrics
    • Modern fetal surgery—a historical review of the happenings that shaped modern fetal surgery and its practices [2021]
  • Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology
    • Complex gastroschisis: a new indication for fetal surgery? [2021]
    • Consensus diagnostic criteria and monitoring of twin anemia–polycythemia sequence: Delphi procedure [2020]
    • Proceedings of the First Annual Meeting of the International Fetoscopic Myelomeningocele Repair Consortium [2019]
    • A worldwide survey of laser surgery for twin–twin transfusion syndrome [2014]
• Italy
  • La Pediatria Medica e Chirurgica
    • Guidelines of the Italian Society of Videosurgery in Infancy (SIVI) for the minimally invasive treatment of fetal and neonatal ovarian cysts [2020]
• Japan
  • Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research
    • New challenges of fetal therapy in Japan [2022]
  • Obstetrics & Gynecology Science
    • Fetal therapies as standard prenatal care in Japan [2020]
• Poland
  • Ginekologia Polska
    • Fetal therapy guidelines of the Polish Society of Gynecologists and Obstetricians - Fetal Therapy Section [2024]
    • Current views on fetal surgical treatment of myelomeningocele — the Management of Myelomeningocele Study (MOMS) trial and Polish clinical experience [2017]
• United Kingdom
  • National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
    • Open prenatal repair for open neural tube defects in the fetus [2020]
    • Fetoscopic prenatal repair for open neural tube defects in the fetus [2020]
    • Percutaneous balloon valvuloplasty for fetal critical aortic stenosis [2018]
    • Fetal cystoscopy for diagnosis and treatment of lower urinary outflow tract obstruction [2007]
    • Septostomy with or without amnioreduction for the treatment of twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome [2006]
    • Intrauterine laser ablation of placental vessels for the treatment of twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome [2006]
    • Fetal vesico-amniotic shunt for lower urinary tract outflow obstruction [2006]
  • NHS England
    • Prenatal surgery for open spina bifida [2018]
    • Management of Twin to Twin Syndrome by fetoscopic laser ablation [2015]
  • Obstetrician & Gynaecologist
    • Fetal surgery for open spina bifida [2019]
  • Welsh Health Specialised Services Committee
    • Specialised Fetal Medicine [2023]
• United States
  • Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
    • Maternal-Fetal Surgical Procedures [2011]
  • American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
    • Maternal–Fetal Surgery for Myelomeningocele [2017]
    • Maternal–Fetal Intervention and Fetal Care Centers [2011]
  • American Heart Association
    • Diagnosis and Treatment of Fetal Cardiac Disease [2014]
  • American Journal of Bioethics
    • A New Ethical Framework for Assessing the Unique Challenges of Fetal Therapy Trials [2022]
  • American Pediatric Surgical Association
    • Fetal Handbooks
  • American Society of Anesthesiologists
    • Anesthesia for Maternal-Fetal Interventions: A Consensus Statement From the American Society of Anesthesiologists Committees on Obstetric and Pediatric Anesthesiology and the North American Fetal Therapy Network [2021]
  • Archives of Cardiovascular Diseases
    • Fetal cardiac interventions: Where do we stand? [2020]
  • New England Journal of Medicine
    • A Randomized Trial of Prenatal versus Postnatal Repair of Myelomeningocele [2011]
  • Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine
    • Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine Consult Series #72: Twin-twin transfusion syndrome and twin anemia-polycythemia sequence [2024]
    • Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine Special Statement: Beyond the scalpel: in utero fetal gene therapy and curative medicine [2021]
    • Twin-twin transfusion syndrome [2013]
  • Spina Bifida Association
    • Prenatal counseling: Guidelines for the care of people with spina bifida [2020]
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Prenatal screening and diagnosis
    • Obstetrics, perinatology
    • Newborn
    • Neural tube defects, folic acid

Gestational diabetes

• Africa
  • Archives of Public Health
    • Prevalence and determinants of gestational diabetes mellitus in Africa based on the updated international diagnostic criteria: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2019]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Self-management interventions for gestational diabetes in Africa: a scoping review [2024]
  • International Health
    • Barriers to screening, diagnosis and management of hyperglycaemia in pregnancy in Africa: a systematic review [2022]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Africa: A Systematic Review [2014]
• Asia
  • Frontiers in Endocrinology
    • Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Among Asians - A Systematic Review From a Population Health Perspective [2022]
• Australia
  • Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
    • Metformin: A promising option for the management of gestational diabetes mellitus - Exploring the benefits, challenges and clinical needs in the current management of gestational diabetes mellitus [2022]
  • Australian Family Physician
    • Gestational diabetes mellitus – negotiating the confusion [2013]
  • Australian Institute of Health and Welfare
    • Gestational diabetes [2024]
    • Incidence of gestational diabetes in Australia [2019]
  • Australian Journal of General Practice
    • Gestational diabetes mellitus: A pragmatic approach to diagnosis and management [2018]
  • Better Safer Care
    • Gestational diabetes
  • Current Diabetes Reports
    • Counterpoint: Establishing Consensus in the Diagnosis of GDM Following the HAPO Study [2014]
  • Diabetes Australia
    • Gestational Diabetes in Australia Position Statement [2020]
  • Diabetologia
    • Long-term cost-effectiveness of implementing a lifestyle intervention during pregnancy to reduce the incidence of gestational diabetes and type 2 diabetes [2023]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • A Review of the Current Status of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Australia—The Clinical Impact of Changing Population Demographics and Diagnostic Criteria on Prevalence [2020]
  • Journal of Pregnancy
    • Implementation of the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups Criteria: Not Always a Cause for Concern [2015]
  • Nutrients
    • Supports and Barriers to Lifestyle Interventions in Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Australia: A National Online Survey [2023]
  • Queensland Health
    • Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM)
  • Royal Australian College of General Practitioners
    • Gestational diabetes
  • SA Health
    • Diabetes Mellitus and Gestational Diabetes
• Australia, New Zealand
  • Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Diagnosis of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) [2017]
• Austria
  • Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica
    • Universal gestational diabetes screening and antepartum stillbirth rates in Austria-A population-based study [2022]
• Austria, Germany, Switzerland
  • Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde
    • Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) – Diagnosis, Treatment and Follow-Up. Guideline of the DDG and DGGG (S3 Level, AWMF Registry Number 057/008, February 2018) [2018]
• Bangladesh
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Prevalence and Risk Factors of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Bangladesh: Findings from Demographic Health Survey 2017-2018 [2022]
  • Journal of Diabetology
    • Current Practices in Diagnosis and Management of Gestational Diabetes: A Bangladesh Study [2021]
• Belgium
  • BMC Medicine
    • Reconsideration of lowering gestational weight gain guidelines in pregnant women diagnosed with gestational diabetes: evidence from a Belgian study [2025]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Glucose Intolerance after a Recent History of Gestational Diabetes Based on the 2013 WHO Criteria [2016]
• Brazil
  • Cadernos de Saúde Pública
    • Gestational diabetes mellitus prevalence in Brazil: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2024]
• Canada
  • CMAJ
    • The effect of changing screening practices and demographics on the incidence of gestational diabetes in British Columbia, 2005-2019 [2023]
  • Environmental Research
    • Exposure to organophosphorus and organochlorine pesticides, perfluoroalkyl substances, and polychlorinated biphenyls in pregnancy and the association with impaired glucose tolerance and gestational diabetes mellitus: The MIREC Study [2016]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Trends in National Canadian Guideline Recommendations for the Screening and Diagnosis of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus over the Years: A Scoping Review [2021]
  • Perinatal Services BC
    • Screening for Gestational Diabetes in Pregnancy [2024]
• China
  • BMJ Open
    • The short-term health and economic burden of gestational diabetes mellitus in China: a modelling study [2017]
  • Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine
    • Diagnosis, prevention and management of gestational diabetes mellitus [2016]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Gestational Diabetes Mellitus as an Effect Modifier of the Association of Gestational Weight Gain with Perinatal Outcomes: A Prospective Cohort Study in China [2022]
    • Prevalence, Prevention, and Lifestyle Intervention of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in China [2020]
  • Journal of Diabetes Investigation
    • The Influence of Different Diagnostic Criteria on Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Incidence and Medical Expenditures in China [2019]
    • Prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus in mainland China: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2019]
• Croatia
  • Biochemia Medica
    • Redefinition of gestational diabetes mellitus: implications for laboratory practice in Croatia [2013]
  • Journal of Pregnancy
    • Impact of the Implementation of New WHO Diagnostic Criteria for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus on Prevalence and Perinatal Outcomes: A Population-Based Study [2016]
• Democratic Republic of Congo
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Prevalence of gestational diabetes in Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo [2022]
• Denmark
  • Acta Diabetologica
    • Regional divergence and time trends in the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus: a national Danish cohort study [2023]
  • BMC Public Health
    • Associations between follow-up screening after gestational diabetes and early detection of diabetes – a register based study [2014]
  • Cardiovascular Diabetology
    • Cardiovascular and metabolic morbidity in women with previous gestational diabetes mellitus: a nationwide register-based cohort study [2022]
  • Nutrients
    • Diet and Healthy Lifestyle in the Management of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus [2020]
• Ethiopia
  • European Journal of Medical Research
    • Gestational diabetes mellitus and its associated factors in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2023]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Double burden of gestational diabetes and pregnancy-induced hypertension in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies [2024]
  • Systematic Reviews
    • Epidemiology of hyperglycemia during pregnancy in Ethiopia: prevalence, associated factors, and feto-maternal outcomes: systematic review and meta-analysis [2024]
• Europe
  • Diabetes Care
    • Applying Current Screening Tools for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus to a European Population: Is It Time for Change? [2013]
  • Diabetic Medicine
    • Gestational diabetes mellitus in Europe: prevalence, current screening practice and barriers to screening. A review [2012]
  • Frontiers in Endocrinology
    • Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Europe: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prevalence Studies [2021]
  • Ginekologia Polska
    • Towards a European Consensus on Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Pragmatic Guide for Diagnosis, Management, and Care. The Polish Diabetes in Pregnancy Study Group and FIGO [2017]
• Europe, United States
  • American Diabetes Association
    • Predictors and risk factors of short-term and long-term outcomes among women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and their offspring: Moving toward precision prognosis? [2023]
• Finland
  • Acta Diabetologica
    • Previous induced abortion or miscarriage is associated with increased odds for gestational diabetes: a nationwide register-based cohort study in Finland [2023]
    • Gestational diabetes mellitus and labor analgesia: nationwide register-based analysis in Finland [2022]
  • BMC Public Health
    • Healthy Food Intake Index (HFII) – Validity and reproducibility in a gestational-diabetes-risk population [2016]
  • Food & Nutrition Research
    • Nutrient intake of pregnant women at high risk of gestational diabetes [2015]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Pregnancy outcomes according to the definition of gestational diabetes [2020]
• France
  • European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology
    • The impact of gestational diabetes and gestational hypertension on future cardiovascular events: A nationwide cross-sectional cohort study [2024]
• Germany
  • Deutsches Ärzteblatt International
    • Pregnancy Complications in Women With Pregestational and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus [2023]
  • Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes
    • Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM), Diagnostics, Therapy and Follow-up Care [2023]
  • Journal of the Turkish German Gynecological Association
    • German gynecologists’ experience with a universal screening for gestational diabetes mellitus in daily practice: A qualitative study [2016]
  • Scientific Reports
    • Gestational diabetes in Germany-prevalence, trend during the past decade and utilization of follow-up care: an observational study [2023]
• High-income countries
  • International Breastfeeding Journal
    • Promoting breastfeeding in women with gestational diabetes mellitus in high-income settings: an integrative review [2024]
  • Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
    • Long-Term Follow-Up on Morbidity Among Women With a History of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review [2022]
• Hong Kong
  • Hong Kong College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Guidelines for the Management of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus [2016]
• Iceland
  • European Journal of Public Health
    • Trends in gestational diabetes in Iceland before and after guideline changes in 2012: a nationwide study from 1997 to 2020 [2024]
• India
  • Acta Diabetologica
    • Comparison of screening for gestational diabetes mellitus by oral glucose tolerance tests done in the non-fasting (random) and fasting states [2014]
  • Frontiers in Endocrinology
    • The Challenges and Recommendations for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Care in India: A Review [2017]
  • Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism
    • Need for testing glucose tolerance in the early weeks of pregnancy [2016]
    • Current practices in the diagnosis and management of gestational diabetes mellitus in India (WINGS-5) [2016]
    • Psychosocial management of diabetes in pregnancy [2013]
    • Prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus and its outcome in western Rajasthan [2013]
  • Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care
    • A step towards real-time implementation of GDM guidelines in India: Review of Gaps in RCH Programme [2020]
  • Medicina
    • Negotiating Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in India: A National Approach [2021]
  • Ministry of Health and Family Welfare India
    • Diagnosis & Management of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus [2018]
  • Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
    • Meta-analysis comparing diabetes in pregnancy study group India (DIPSI) vs the international association of the diabetes and pregnancy study groups (IADPSG) criteria for diagnosis of gestational diabetes among Indian population [2023]
• International
  • Acta Diabetologica
    • Short-term neonatal outcomes in women with gestational diabetes treated using metformin versus insulin: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials [2023]
  • American Journal of Reproductive Immunology
    • Prognostic Impact of Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A (PAPP-A) for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM): An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of More Than 90 000 Pregnancies [2025]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Investigating factors affecting the quality of life of women with gestational diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2025]
    • Impact of fetal sex on neonatal outcomes in women with gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2025]
    • Postnatal care after gestational diabetes - a systematic review of clinical practice guidelines [2024]
    • The incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus among women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a meta-analysis of longitudinal studies [2022]
    • A scoping review of gestational diabetes mellitus healthcare: experiences of care reported by pregnant women internationally [2022]
    • Quality appraisal of gestational diabetes mellitus guidelines with AGREE II: a systematic review [2019]
    • Current guidelines on the management of gestational diabetes mellitus: a content analysis and appraisal [2019]
  • BMC Public Health
    • Effectiveness of psychoeducation interventions for pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus: an integrative review [2024]
  • BMC Women's Health
    • Community-based non-pharmacological interventions for pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review [2022]
  • BMJ
    • Gestational diabetes mellitus and adverse pregnancy outcomes: systematic review and meta-analysis [2022]
    • Association of gestational diabetes mellitus with overall and type specific cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases: systematic review and meta-analysis [2022]
  • BMJ Open
    • Association between gestational diabetes mellitus diagnostic criteria and adverse pregnancy outcomes-a systematic review and meta-analysis of adjusted effect sizes from studies using current diagnostic criteria [2024]
    • Evaluation of guidelines on the screening and diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus: systematic review [2019]
    • Assessment of the methodological quality of local clinical practice guidelines on the identification and management of gestational diabetes [2019]
  • Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
    • Interventions to prevent women from developing gestational diabetes mellitus: an overview of Cochrane Reviews [2020]
  • Current Diabetes Reports
    • Models Predicting Postpartum Glucose Intolerance Among Women with a History of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: a Systematic Review [2023]
  • Diabetes & Metabolism Journal
    • Effect of Different Types of Diagnostic Criteria for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus on Adverse Neonatal Outcomes: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Meta-Regression [2022]
  • Diabetes Care
    • Summary and Recommendations of the Fifth International Workshop-Conference on Gestational Diabetes Mellitus [2007]
  • Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice
    • Ethnic differences in the effects of lifestyle interventions on adverse pregnancy outcomes among women with gestational diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2024]
    • The absolute and relative risk of type 2 diabetes after gestational diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 129 studies [2021]
    • Increasing prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus when implementing the IADPSG criteria: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2020]
  • Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity
    • An Update on Screening Strategies for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Narrative Review [2021]
  • Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews
    • Maternal metabolic factors and the association with gestational diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2022]
  • Diabetic Medicine
    • Barriers to and enablers of postpartum health behaviours among women from diverse cultural backgrounds with prior gestational diabetes: A systematic review and qualitative synthesis applying the theoretical domains framework [2022]
  • Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome
    • The impact of diagnostic criteria for gestational diabetes on its prevalence: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2019]
  • Drugs in Context
    • A review of current treatment strategies for gestational diabetes mellitus [2015]
  • EClinicalMedicine
    • Association of maternal lipid profile and gestational diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 292 studies and 97,880 women [2021]
  • Frontiers in Endocrinology
    • Prevalence and risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus in women with gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2024]
    • Comprehensive management of gestational diabetes mellitus: practical efficacy of exercise therapy and sustained intervention strategies [2024]
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • The effect of diet quality on the risk of developing gestational diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2023]
    • Efficacy and safety of hypoglycemic agents on gestational diabetes mellitus in women: A Bayesian network analysis of randomized controlled trials [2023]
  • International Association of the Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups
    • International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups Recommendations on the Diagnosis and Classification of Hyperglycemia in Pregnancy [2010]
  • International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics
    • Pregnancy as an opportunity to prevent type 2 diabetes mellitus: FIGO Best Practice Advice [2023]
    • Update on diagnosis of hyperglycemia in pregnancy and gestational diabetes mellitus from FIGO's Pregnancy & Non-Communicable Diseases Committee [2021]
    • Towards a global consensus on GDM diagnosis: Light at the end of the tunnel? [2020]
    • FIGO’s response to the global challenge of hyperglycemia in pregnancy – toward a global consensus [2018]
    • The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) Initiative on gestational diabetes mellitus: A pragmatic guide for diagnosis, management, and care [2015]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • A Systematic Review to Compare Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Women with Pregestational Diabetes and Gestational Diabetes [2022]
  • International Journal of Women's Health
    • Updated guidelines on screening for gestational diabetes [2015]
  • Journal of Clinical Medicine
    • The Risk for Glucose Intolerance after Gestational Diabetes Mellitus since the Introduction of the IADPSG Criteria: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2019]
  • Journal of Diabetes
    • The efficacy of interventions to prevent type 2 diabetes among women with recent gestational diabetes mellitus-A living systematic review and meta-analysis [2024]
  • Journal of Diabetes Research
    • The Effect of Smartphone Application-Based Self-Management Interventions Compared to Face-to-Face Diabetic Interventions for Pregnant Women With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-Analysis [2025]
    • Relationship Between Improvements in Glycemic Control and Risk of Pregnancy Complications in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus: Metaregression Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials of Intensive Glucose Management [2025]
  • Medicine
    • Effectiveness of five interventions used for prevention of gestational diabetes: A network meta-analysis [2022]
  • Nursing Open
    • Guidelines for the nursing management of gestational diabetes mellitus: An integrative literature review [2019]
  • Nutrients
    • Nutritional and Exercise-Focused Lifestyle Interventions and Glycemic Control in Women with Diabetes in Pregnancy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials [2023]
    • The Carbohydrate Threshold in Pregnancy and Gestational Diabetes: How Low Can We Go? [2021]
  • Nutrition Journal
    • Maternal dietary components in the development of gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review of observational studies to timely promotion of health [2023]
  • World Diabetes Foundation
    • The urgent need for universally applicable simple screening procedures and diagnostic criteria for gestational diabetes mellitus – lessons from projects funded by the World Diabetes Foundation [2012]
    • Health system and societal barriers for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) services - lessons from World Diabetes Foundation supported GDM projects [2012]
  • World Journal of Diabetes
    • Gestational diabetes mellitus: An update on the current international diagnostic criteria [2015]
    • Exercise guidelines for gestational diabetes mellitus [2015]
• Iran
  • International Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism
    • Iranian Endocrine Society Guidelines for Screening, Diagnosis, and Management of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus [2020]
  • Iranian Journal of Public Health
    • Prevalence and Risk Factors of Gestational Diabetes in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2015]
  • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene
    • Prevalence of gestational diabetes and its association with stillbirth, preterm birth, macrosomia, abortion and cesarean delivery: a national prevalence study of 11 provinces in Iran [2022]
• Ireland
  • BMC Health Services Research
    • The impact of revised diagnostic criteria on hospital trends in gestational diabetes mellitus rates in a high income country [2020]
  • Diabetic Medicine
    • Exploring the lived experience of women with gestational diabetes: A cross-sectional Irish national survey [2025]
• Japan
  • Endocrine Journal
    • Screening methods for gestational diabetes mellitus in Japan in 2018: a retrospective cohort study using a national surveillance questionnaire [2022]
    • Clinical impact of women with gestational diabetes mellitus by the new consensus criteria: two year experience in a single institution in Japan [2014]
  • Journal of Diabetes Investigation
    • Risk of fetal undergrowth in the management of gestational diabetes mellitus in Japan [2023]
• Jordan
  • Annals of Medicine and Surgery
    • Trends in maternal characteristics, and maternal and neonatal outcomes of women with gestational diabetes: A study from Jordan [2021]
• Low and middle income countries
  • Systematic Reviews
    • Self-care interventions among women with gestational diabetes mellitus in low and middle-income countries: a scoping review [2025]
• Malaysia
  • BMC Public Health
    • Prevalence and factors associated with gestational diabetes mellitus in Malaysia: a population-based study comparing 2016 and 2022 [2024]
• Mexico
  • Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity
    • Screening and management of gestational diabetes in Mexico: results from a survey of multilocation, multi-health care institution practitioners [2018]
• Middle East, North Africa
  • Frontiers in Endocrinology
    • Prevalence of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in the Middle East and North Africa, 2000–2019: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Meta-Regression [2021]
• Morocco
  • Global Health Action
    • Diagnosis a posteriori? Assessing gestational diabetes screening and management in Morocco [2016]
• Netherlands
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Implementation of a first-trimester prognostic model to improve screening for gestational diabetes mellitus [2021]
• New Zealand
  • BMJ Open
    • Cost-effectiveness of the New Zealand diabetes in pregnancy guideline screening recommendations [2015]
  • Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism
    • Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Risk Factors in a Multi-Ethnic National Case-Control Study [2024]
  • Health New Zealand
    • Screening, Diagnosis and Management of Gestational Diabetes in New Zealand: A clinical practice guideline [2014]
  • Nutrients
    • Adherence to Dietary Guidelines among Women with and without Gestational Diabetes: Evidence from the Growing up in New Zealand Study [2022]
    • Adherence to Clinical Practice Guideline Recommendations in Women with Gestational Diabetes and Associations with Maternal and Infant Health-A Cohort Study [2022]
    • Sociodemographic Factors Associated with Adherence to Dietary Guidelines in Women with Gestational Diabetes: A Cohort Study [2021]
• Nigeria
  • Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism
    • A systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence and determinants of gestational diabetes mellitus in Nigeria [2021]
• Norway
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Identifying women with gestational diabetes based on maternal characteristics: an analysis of four Norwegian prospective studies [2021]
  • BMJ Open
    • Seasonal variation in gestational diabetes mellitus among women in Norway: a national population-based study [2023]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • A Systematic Review of the Prevalence of Gestational Diabetes in Norway [2021]
• Palau
  • Maternal and Child Health Journal
    • Assessment of Gestational Diabetes and Associated Risk Factors and Outcomes in the Pacific Island Nation of Palau [2017]
• Poland
  • Ginekologia Polska
    • It's high time to change our management of gestational diabetes [2023]
• Republic of Korea
  • Diabetes & Metabolism Journal
    • New Diagnostic Criteria for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Pregnancy Outcomes in Korea [2019]
    • Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Korean Women: Similarities and Differences from Other Racial/Ethnic Groups [2014]
  • Endocrinology and Metabolism
    • Predicting the Risk of Insulin-Requiring Gestational Diabetes before Pregnancy: A Model Generated from a Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study in Korea [2023]
    • Risk and Risk Factors for Postpartum Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Women with Gestational Diabetes: A Korean Nationwide Cohort Study [2022]
    • The Clinical Characteristics of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Korea: A National Health Information Database Study [2021]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Prevalence of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Korea: A National Health Insurance Database Study [2016]
• Singapore
  • Agency for Care Effectiveness
    • Gestational diabetes mellitus [2022]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Impact of adopting the 2013 World Health Organization criteria for diagnosis of gestational diabetes in a multi-ethnic Asian cohort: a prospective study [2018]
    • Ethnic differences translate to inadequacy of high-risk screening for gestational diabetes mellitus in an Asian population: a cohort study [2014]
• South Africa
  • BMC Health Services Research
    • Policies and clinical practices relating to the management of gestational diabetes mellitus in the public health sector, South Africa – a qualitative study [2018]
• South and Southeast Asia
  • PLoS ONE
    • Prevalence of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus in south and southeast Asian women with history of gestational diabetes mellitus: Systematic review and meta-analysis [2022]
• South Asia
  • Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism
    • Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and adverse pregnancy outcome in South Asia: A systematic review [2021]
• South-East Asia
  • European Journal of Clinical Nutrition
    • ILSI Southeast Asia symposium: prevalence, risk factors, and actions to address gestational diabetes in selected Southeast Asian countries [2021]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Southeast Asia: A Scoping Review [2021]
• Sri Lanka
  • Frontiers in Endocrinology
    • Comparing Different Diagnostic Guidelines for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Relation to Birthweight in Sri Lankan Women [2018]
• Sub-Saharan Africa
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Burden, risk factors and maternal and offspring outcomes of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA): a systematic review and meta-analysis [2019]
• Sweden
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Changing diagnostic criteria for gestational diabetes in Sweden - a stepped wedge national cluster randomised controlled trial - the CDC4G study protocol [2019]
    • No consensus on gestational diabetes mellitus screening regimes in Sweden: pregnancy outcomes in relation to different screening regimes 2011 to 2012, a cross-sectional study [2014]
  • CNS Drugs
    • Antipsychotic Use During Pregnancy and Risk for Gestational Diabetes: A National Register-Based Cohort Study in Sweden [2022]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Does gestational diabetes increase the risk of maternal kidney disease? A Swedish national cohort study [2022]
• Switzerland
  • Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice
    • Effect of the IADPSG screening strategy for gestational diabetes on perinatal outcomes in Switzerland [2021]
• Taiwan
  • Journal of Diabetes Investigation
    • Increasing trend in the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus in Taiwan [2021]
  • Nutrients
    • Plasma 25(OH)D Concentrations and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus among Pregnant Women in Taiwan [2021]
  • PLoS ONE
    • The Effects of Implementing the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups Criteria for Diagnosing Gestational Diabetes on Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes [2015]
• Tajikistan
  • Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes
    • Screening for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Pregnancy Outcomes: Results from a Multicentric Study in Tajikistan [2022]
• United Arab Emirates
  • Frontiers in Endocrinology
    • Incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus in the United Arab Emirates; comparison of six diagnostic criteria: The Mutaba'ah Study [2022]
• United Kingdom
  • British Journal of General Practice
    • Diabetes screening after gestational diabetes in England: a quantitative retrospective cohort study [2013]
  • Journal of Clinical Medicine
    • Clinical Implications of the NICE 2015 Criteria for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus [2018]
  • Sensors
    • Machine Learning-Based Risk Stratification for Gestational Diabetes Management [2022]
  • UK National Screening Committee
    • Gestational diabetes
  • WISDOM
    • Strategy for Screening and Management of Gestational Diabetes [2023]
• United States
  • Advances in Nutrition
    • Physical Activity and Dietary Behaviors Associated With Weight Gain and Impaired Glucose Tolerance Among Pregnant Latinas [2012]
  • Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
    • Screening for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review to Update the 2014 U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation [2021]
  • American Diabetes Association
    • A systematic review and meta-analysis of participant characteristics in the prevention of gestational diabetes: a summary of evidence for precision medicine [2023]
  • BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology
    • Changing patterns in medication prescription for gestational diabetes during a time of guideline change in the USA: a cross-sectional study [2022]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Patterns of gestational diabetes diagnosis inside and outside of clinical guidelines [2017]
  • BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care
    • Disparities in cardiometabolic risk profiles and gestational diabetes mellitus by nativity and acculturation: findings from 2016-2017 National Health Interview Survey [2022]
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Trends and Characteristics in Gestational Diabetes: United States, 2016-2020 [2022]
    • Prevalence and Changes in Preexisting Diabetes and Gestational Diabetes Among Women Who Had a Live Birth — United States, 2012–2016 [2018]
    • Gestational Diabetes and Health Behaviors Among Women: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2007–2014 [2018]
  • Endotext
    • Gestational Diabetes
  • Frontiers in Endocrinology
    • Prevalence and Trends in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Among Women in the United States, 2006-2017: A Population-Based Study [2022]
  • Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine
    • The effect of adopting the IADPSG screening guidelines on the risk profile and outcomes of the gestational diabetes population [2015]
  • Journal of the American Heart Association
    • Trends, Predictors, and Outcomes of Cardiovascular Complications at Delivery Associated With Gestational Diabetes: A National Inpatient Sample Analysis (2004-2019) [2022]
  • Maternal & Child Nutrition
    • Gestational Diabetes Prevalence Estimates from Three Data Sources, 2018 [2024]
  • National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
    • What we have learned about treating mild gestational diabetes mellitus [2016]
    • Delivery timing and cesarean delivery risk in women with mild gestational diabetes mellitus [2014]
  • Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine
    • Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine Special Statement: Quality metric on the rate of postpartum diabetes screening after pregnancies with gestational diabetes mellitus [2023]
    • SMFM Statement: Pharmacological treatment of gestational diabetes [2018]
  • StatPearls
    • Gestational Diabetes
  • U.S. Preventive Services Task Force
    • Gestational Diabetes: Screening [2021]
• Vietnam
  • Diabetes Care
    • Early Prediction of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Vietnam [2013]
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Obstetrics, perinatology
    • Diabetes in pregnancy, pregnancy in diabetics, pre-existing diabetes

Hematologic diseases in pregnancy, anemia in pregnancy

• Africa
  • Pan African Medical Journal
    • Thrombocytopenia among pregnant women in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2022]
• Australia
  • Australian Journal of General Practice
    • Anaemia in pregnancy [2019]
  • Australian Red Cross
    • Toolkit for Maternity Blood Management. A guide to improving identification and management of iron deficiency and anaemia [2020]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Retrospective audit compares screening and treatment of pregnancy-related anaemia in regional New South Wales with Australian guidelines [2024]
• Bangladesh
  • PLoS ONE
    • Maternal anemia and risk of adverse maternal health and birth outcomes in Bangladesh: A nationwide population-based survey [2022]
• Cambodia
  • PLoS ONE
    • Anemia among pregnant women in Cambodia: A descriptive analysis of temporal and geospatial trends and logistic regression-based examination of factors associated with anemia in pregnant women [2023]
• China
  • BMC Public Health
    • Prevalence and influencing factors of anemia among pregnant women across first, second and third trimesters of pregnancy in monitoring areas, from 2016 to 2020: a population-based multi-center cohort study [2024]
  • China CDC Weekly
    • Prevalence and Risk Factors of Anemia of Pregnant Women — 6 Provinces in China, 2014-2018 [2020]
  • Chinese Medical Journal
    • 2021 Chinese consensus on the diagnosis and management of primary immune thrombocytopenia in pregnancy [2022]
  • Maternal & Child Nutrition
    • Maternal anaemia prevention and control in China: A policy review [2024]
  • Nutrients
    • The Prevalence of Anemia among Pregnant Women in China: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2024]
    • Variation Patterns of Hemoglobin Levels by Gestational Age during Pregnancy: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of a Multi-Center Retrospective Cohort Study in China [2023]
    • Preconception Hemoglobin Concentration and Risk of Low Birth Weight and Small-for-Gestational-Age: A Large Prospective Cohort Study in China [2022]
• Denmark
  • Cancer Epidemiology
    • Maternal anemia and childhood cancer: a population-based case-control study in Denmark [2023]
• East Africa
  • PLoS ONE
    • Prevalence and determinants of anemia among pregnant women in East Africa; A multi-level analysis of recent Demographic and Health Surveys [2021]
• Egypt
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Anemia in pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence, determinants, and health impacts in Egypt [2025]
• Eswatini
  • African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine
    • Prevalence and associated risk factors for anaemia amongst pregnant women attending three antenatal clinics in Eswatini [2022]
• Ethiopia
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • The prevalence of thrombocytopenia among pregnant women in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2025]
    • The magnitude and associated factors of immediate postpartum anemia among women who gave birth in Ethiopia: systematic review and meta-analysis, 2023 [2024]
    • Prevalence and associated factors of anemia among postpartum mothers in public health facilities in Ethiopia, 2024: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2024]
    • Determinants of anemia status among pregnant women in Ethiopia: using 2016 Ethiopian demographic and health survey data; application of ordinal logistic regression models [2022]
  • BMJ Open
    • Hotspot analysis of anaemia among pregnant women in Ethiopia: hotspot analysis of national demographic and health survey data [2024]
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • Spatial distribution and trends of anemia among pregnant women in Ethiopia: EDHS 2005-2016 [2023]
  • Journal of Primary Care & Community Health
    • Is Indoor Air Pollution From Different Fuel Types Associated With the Anemia Status of Pregnant Women in Ethiopia? [2021]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Association between anemia in pregnancy with low birth weight and preterm birth in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2024]
    • Prevalence and predictors of anemia among pregnant women in Ethiopia: Systematic review and meta-analysis [2022]
    • Trend and determinants of anemia change among pregnant and/or lactating women in Ethiopia: A multivariate decomposition analysis [2020]
• Europe
  • European Hematology Association
    • Recommendations for Pregnancy in Rare Inherited Anemias [2020]
  • European Molecular Genetics Quality Network
    • EMQN Best Practice Guidelines for molecular and haematology methods for carrier identification and prenatal diagnosis of the haemoglobinopathies [2015]
• Finland
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Gestational anemia and maternal antenatal and postpartum psychological distress in a prospective FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study [2022]
• France
  • Blood
    • Immune thrombocytopenia and pregnancy: an exposed/nonexposed cohort study [2023]
  • Lancet Haematology
    • Maternal and obstetric outcomes in women with pregnancy-associated haematological malignancies: an observational nationwide cohort study [2024]
• Germany
  • Blood Transfusion
    • Anemia, red blood cell transfusion and administration of blood products in obstetrics: a nationwide analysis of more than 6 million cases from 2011-2020 [2024]
• Ghana
  • PLoS ONE
    • Establishing pregnancy-specific haematological reference intervals in Ghana; a three-center cross-sectional study [2023]
• High-income countries
  • Hematology: the American Society of Hematology Education Program
    • Evidence-based management of pregnant women with sickle cell disease in high-income countries [2022]
• India
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Improving the approach to assess impact of anaemia control programs during pregnancy in India: a critical analysis [2022]
    • Decadal change in the association between the status of young mother's Body Mass Index and anaemia with child low birth weight in India [2022]
  • Cureus
    • Tackling Anemia in Pregnant Women in India: Reviewing the Obstacles and Charting a Path Forward [2023]
  • Indian Journal of Medical Research
    • Ethical issues in genetic counselling with special reference to haemoglobinopathies [2011]
• International
  • Blood
    • Management of thrombotic microangiopathy in pregnancy and postpartum: report from an international working group [2020]
  • Blood Advances
    • Consensus statement for the perinatal management of patients with a thalassemia major [2021]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Maternal low and high hemoglobin concentrations and associations with adverse maternal and infant health outcomes: an updated global systematic review and meta-analysis [2023]
  • BMC Public Health
    • A rapid landscape review of postpartum anaemia measurement: challenges and opportunities [2023]
  • EClinicalMedicine
    • International values for haemoglobin distributions in healthy pregnant women [2020]
  • Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences
    • Pregnancy in the Sickle Cell Disease and Fetomaternal Outcomes in Different Sickle cell Genotypes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2022]
  • European Journal of Haematology
    • Hematologic Complications of Pregnancy [2025]
  • International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis
    • Management of pregnancy and delivery in congenital fibrinogen disorders: communication from the ISTH SSC Subcommittee on Factor XIII and Fibrinogen [2024]
    • ISTH guidelines for treatment of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura [2020]
  • Journal of Clinical Medicine
    • Association of Maternal Anemia and Cesarean Delivery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2023]
  • Journal of Clinical Oncology
    • Hematologic Malignancies in Pregnancy: Management Guidelines From an International Consensus Meeting [2016]
  • Lancet Global Health
    • Risk of maternal mortality in women with severe anaemia during pregnancy and post partum: a multilevel analysis [2018]
  • Network for the Advancement of Patient Blood Management, Haemostasis and Thrombosis
    • Patient blood management in obstetrics: management of anaemia and haematinic deficiencies in pregnancy and in the post-partum period: NATA consensus statement [2018]
• Jamaica
  • PLoS ONE
    • Excess Risk of Maternal Death from Sickle Cell Disease in Jamaica: 1998–2007 [2011]
• Kenya
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Mapping of anaemia prevalence among pregnant women in Kenya (2016–2019) [2020]
  • PRECISE Network
    • Diagnostic accuracy of a non-invasive spot-check hemoglobin meter, Masimo Rad-67® pulse CO-Oximeter®, in detection of anemia in antenatal care settings in Kenya [2024]
• Low and middle income countries
  • BMJ Global Health
    • Maternal anaemia and risk of neonatal and infant mortality in low- and middle-income countries: a secondary analysis of 45 national datasets [2025]
  • Medical Journal of Malaysia
    • Normocytic Anemia in Pregnant Women: A Scoping Review [2024]
• Low-income countries
  • Hematology: the American Society of Hematology Education Program
    • Evidence-based obstetric management of women with sickle cell disease in low-income countries [2022]
• Mozambique, Portugal
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Anemia in Pregnant Women and Children Aged 6 to 59 Months Living in Mozambique and Portugal: An Overview of Systematic Reviews [2022]
• Nigeria
  • African Health Sciences
    • What factors are associated with anaemia in pregnancy among Nigerian women? Evidence from a national survey [2023]
• Rwanda
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Factors associated with anaemia among pregnant women in Rwanda: an analysis of the Rwanda demographic and health survey of 2020 [2024]
• South Africa
  • Systematic Reviews
    • The prevalence, risk factors and outcomes of anaemia in South African pregnant women: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2022]
• Sri Lanka
  • Sri Lanka College of Obstetricians & Gynaecologists
    • Blood transfusion in pregnancy [2023]
• Sub-Saharan Africa
  • Archives of Public Health
    • Prevalence and determinants of Anemia among pregnant women in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and Meta-analysis [2021]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Effects of maternal anemia on low-birth-weight in Sub-Sahara African countries: Systematic review and meta-analysis [2025]
    • Interbirth interval and maternal anaemia in 21 sub-Saharan African countries: A fractional-polynomial analysis [2022]
• Sweden
  • Leukemia
    • Pregnancy and childbirth outcomes in women with myeloproliferative neoplasms-a nationwide population-based study of 342 pregnancies in Sweden [2022]
• Tanzania
  • Nutrition Journal
    • High burden of anemia among pregnant women in Tanzania: a call to address its determinants [2021]
• Turkey
  • Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia
    • Anemia levels in the preconception period and the first trimester of pregnancy: a national, multicentric and cross-sectional study [2025]
• United Kingdom
  • British Society for Haematology
    • Guideline for the management of conception and pregnancy in thalassaemia syndromes: A British Society for Haematology Guideline [2024]
    • Management of sickle cell disease in pregnancy. A British Society for Haematology Guideline [2021]
    • Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of acute myeloid leukaemia in pregnancy [2015]
  • NHS Blood and Transplant
    • Obstetric anaemia
  • NHS England
    • SCT screening: handbook for antenatal laboratories
  • Right Decisions
    • Management of Anaemia in Pregnancy Guideline
  • Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Management of Beta Thalassaemia in Pregnancy [2014]
  • UK National Screening Committee
    • Sickle cell and thalassaemia
    • Anaemia
• United Kingdom, United States
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Quality assessment of evidence-based clinical practice guidelines for the management of pregnant women with sickle cell disease using the AGREE II instrument: a systematic review [2020]
• United States
  • American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
    • Hemoglobinopathies in Pregnancy [2022]
  • American Society of Hematology
    • American Society of Hematology 2019 guidelines for immune thrombocytopenia [2019]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Obstetrician-Gynecologists’ knowledge of sickle cell disease screening and management [2014]
  • Cureus
    • Hematologic Findings in Pregnancy: A Guide for the Internist [2021]
  • Hematology: the American Society of Hematology Education Program
    • Thrombocytopenia in pregnancy [2022]
  • JAMA Network Open
    • Severe Maternal Morbidity and Mortality in Sickle Cell Disease in the National Inpatient Sample, 2012-2018 [2023]
    • Comparisons of Severe Maternal Morbidity and Other Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Pregnant People With Sickle Cell Disease vs Anemia [2023]
  • Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine
    • Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine Consult Series #68: Sickle cell disease in pregnancy [2023]
  • Society for Obstetric Anesthesia and Perinatology
    • The Society for Obstetric Anesthesia and Perinatology Interdisciplinary Consensus Statement on Neuraxial Procedures in Obstetric Patients With Thrombocytopenia [2021]
  • Therapeutic Advances in Hematology
    • Thrombopoietin receptor agonist for treatment of immune thrombocytopenia in pregnancy: a narrative review [2021]
• WHO
  • World Health Organization
    • WHO recommendations on the management of sickle-cell disease during pregnancy, childbirth and the interpregnancy period [2025]
    • Prevalence of anaemia in pregnant women (aged 15-49) (%)
    • Number of pregnant women (aged 15-49 years) with anaemia (thousands)
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Obstetrics, perinatology
    • Neonatal hematologic disorders
    • Iron-deficiency anemia in pregnancy
    • Embolism and thrombosis in pregnancy
    • Bleeding in pregnancy, placenta diseases
    • Anemia and hemoglobinopathies

Iron-deficiency anemia in pregnancy

• Australia
  • Nutrients
    • Are Pregnant Women Who Are Living with Overweight or Obesity at Greater Risk of Developing Iron Deficiency/Anaemia? [2021]
  • Queensland Health
    • Iron optimisation in maternity
  • SA Health
    • Perinatal Anaemia and Iron Infusion
• Australia, New Zealand
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • The use of intravenous iron in pregnancy: for whom and when? A survey of Australian and New Zealand obstetricians [2020]
• Austria
  • Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde
    • Diagnosis and Therapy of Iron Deficiency Anemia During Pregnancy: Recommendation of the Austrian Society for Gynecology and Obstetrics (OEGGG) [2022]
• Bangladesh
  • Nutrients
    • What Makes Bangladeshi Pregnant Women More Compliant to Iron-Folic Acid Supplementation: A Nationally Representative Cross-Sectional Survey Result [2023]
• Brazil
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • The Prevalence of Nutritional Anaemia in Brazilian Pregnant Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2023]
• Canada
  • Alberta Health Services
    • Anemia and iron deficiency in pregnancy
  • Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health
    • Screening and Treatment of Obstetric Anemia: A Review of Clinical Effectiveness, Cost-Effectiveness, and Guidelines [2019]
  • CMAJ
    • Iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy [2021]
• China
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Prevalence of anemia and iron deficiency anemia in Chinese pregnant women (IRON WOMEN): a national cross-sectional survey [2020]
• Denmark
  • Journal of Nutritional Science
    • Iron supplementation during the first trimester of pregnancy after a national change of recommendation: a Danish cross-sectional study [2022]
• Ethiopia
  • Advances in Preventive Medicine
    • Compliance to Iron-Folic Acid Supplementation and Its Association with the Number of ANC Visits in Ethiopia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2019]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Individual and contextual-level factors associated with iron-folic acid supplement intake during pregnancy in Ethiopia: a multi-level analysis [2023]
    • Adherence to iron-folic acid supplementation among pregnant women in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2020]
    • Differences in spatial distributions of iron supplementation use among pregnant women and associated factors in Ethiopia: evidence from the 2011 national population based survey [2017]
  • Heliyon
    • Individual and community-level determinants of Iron-Folic Acid Intake for the recommended period among pregnant women in Ethiopia: A multilevel analysis [2021]
  • Reproductive Health
    • Adherence of iron and folic acid supplementation and determinants among pregnant women in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2019]
• Europe
  • Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism
    • Dietary Iron Intake in Pregnant Women in Europe: A Review of 24 Studies from 14 Countries in the Period 1991–2014 [2020]
• France
  • Women's Health
    • Assessment of Iron Deficiency and Anemia in Pregnant Women: An Observational French Study [2016]
• India
  • Federation of Obstetric and Gynecological Societies of India
    • Management of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Pregnancy [2017]
  • Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care
    • Comparison of different doses of daily iron supplementation for anemia prophylaxis in pregnancy: A systematic review [2020]
• Indonesia
  • Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition
    • Nutritional contributors to maternal anemia in Indonesia: Chronic energy deficiency and micronutrients [2020]
  • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene
    • Probability of non-compliance to the consumption of Iron Tablets in pregnant women in Indonesia [2022]
• International
  • Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica
    • Iron supplements in pregnant women with normal iron status: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2023]
  • Current Opinion in Anesthesiology
    • Current concepts in postpartum anemia management [2024]
    • Current concepts in preoperative anemia management in obstetrics [2023]
  • Diagnostics
    • Iron Deficiency Anaemia in Pregnancy: A Narrative Review from a Clinical Perspective [2024]
  • Family Practice
    • The benefits and harms of oral iron supplementation in non-anaemic pregnant women: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2025]
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • The global burden of maternal disorders attributable to iron deficiency related sub-disorders in 204 countries and territories: an analysis for the Global Burden of Disease study [2024]
  • Indian Journal of Medical Research
    • Clinical effectiveness of ferric carboxymaltose (iv) versus iron sucrose (iv) in treatment of iron deficiency anaemia in pregnancy: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2024]
  • International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics
    • Screening and treatment of iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy: A review and appraisal of current international guidelines [2024]
    • Identification and treatment of iron-deficiency anemia in pregnancy and postpartum: A systematic review and quality appraisal of guidelines using AGREE II [2024]
  • Lancet Haematology
    • Iron (Fe) preparations for women of Reproductive age with Iron Deficiency Anaemia in pregnancy: FRIDA, a systematic review and network meta-analysis [2021]
  • Scientific Reports
    • Clinical outcome post treatment of anemia in pregnancy with intravenous versus oral iron therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2024]
  • Systematic Reviews
    • Intravenous iron versus blood transfusion for postpartum anemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2024]
• Iran
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Iron deficiency anemia status in Iranian pregnant women and children: an umbrella systematic review and meta-analysis [2024]
• Latvia
  • Medicina
    • Iron Status in Pregnant Women in Latvia: An Epidemiological, Cross-Sectional, Multicenter Study According to WHO and UK Criteria [2022]
• Low and middle income countries
  • Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition
    • Systematic review on supplementation, fortification, and food-based interventions for preventing iron deficiency anemia in low- and middle-income countries [2025]
  • Journal of Global Health
    • Current levels of coverage of iron and folic acid fortification are insufficient to meet the recommended intake for women of reproductive age in low- and middle-income countries [2021]
  • Maternal & Child Nutrition
    • Antenatal care is associated with adherence to iron supplementation among pregnant women in selected low-middle-income-countries of Asia, Africa, and Latin America & the Caribbean regions: Insights from Demographic and Health Surveys [2023]
  • Nutrients
    • Reducing the Burden of Anemia and Neural Tube Defects in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: An Analysis to Identify Countries with an Immediate Potential to Benefit from Large-Scale Mandatory Fortification of Wheat Flour and Rice [2021]
  • Reproductive Health
    • Intermittent versus daily oral iron folic acid supplementation and pregnancy outcome in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis of experimental studies [2025]
• Malawi
  • Current Developments in Nutrition
    • Examining the Role of Health Facilities in Supporting Iron Folic Acid Supplementation Adherence Among Women in Malawi (OR25-03-19) [2019]
• Nepal
  • Journal of Nutrition
    • Antenatal Iron-Folic Acid Supplementation Reduces Neonatal and Under-5 Mortality in Nepal [2015]
  • Maternal & Child Nutrition
    • A review of the maternal iron and folic acid supplementation programme in Nepal: Achievements and challenges [2022]
• Nigeria
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Prevalence of and risk factors for iron deficiency among pregnant women with moderate or severe anaemia in Nigeria: a cross-sectional study [2024]
  • Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition
    • Factors associated with compliance to recommended micronutrients uptake for prevention of anemia during pregnancy in urban, peri-urban, and rural communities in Southeast Nigeria [2016]
• Norway
  • Journal of Nutritional Science
    • Prevalence of postpartum anaemia and iron deficiency by serum ferritin, soluble transferrin receptor and total body iron, and associations with ethnicity and clinical factors: a Norwegian population-based cohort study [2022]
• Pakistan
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Predictors of iron consumption for at least 90 days during pregnancy: Findings from National Demographic Health Survey, Pakistan (2017–2018) [2021]
  • Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition
    • Uncovering the hidden health burden: a systematic review and meta-analysis of iron deficiency anemia among adolescents, and pregnant women in Pakistan [2024]
• Philippines
  • Nutrients
    • Factors Influencing the Compliance of Pregnant Women with Iron and Folic Acid Supplementation in the Philippines: 2017 Philippine Demographic and Health Survey Analysis [2021]
• Portugal
  • Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia
    • Oral Iron Supplementation in Pregnancy: Current Recommendations and Evidence-Based Medicine [2021]
• Singapore
  • BMC Public Health
    • Iron status and risk factors of iron deficiency among pregnant women in Singapore: a cross-sectional study [2019]
• Spain
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Applying reflective multicriteria decision analysis to understand the value of therapeutic alternatives in the management of gestational and peripartum anaemia in Spain [2022]
• Sri Lanka
  • BMJ Global Health
    • The need for standard definitions in global data comparison: lessons from studying the prevalence of anaemia during pregnancy in Sri Lanka [2021]
• Sub-Saharan Africa
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Iron supplementation and deworming during pregnancy reduces the risk of anemia and stunting in infants less than 2 years of age: a study from Sub-Saharan Africa [2023]
  • Current Developments in Nutrition
    • Adherence to Iron Supplementation in 22 Sub-Saharan African Countries and Associated Factors among Pregnant Women: A Large Population-Based Study [2019]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Compliance with Iron and Folic Acid Supplementation (IFAS) and associated factors among pregnant women in Sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2021]
• Taiwan
  • Nutrients
    • Associations of Dietary Patterns and Vitamin D Levels with Iron Status in Pregnant Women: A Cross-Sectional Study in Taiwan [2023]
    • Associations of Food and Nutrient Intake with Serum Hepcidin and the Risk of Gestational Iron-Deficiency Anemia among Pregnant Women: A Population-Based Study [2021]
• Tanzania
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • Factors Associated With Uptake of Iron Supplement During Pregnancy Among Women of Reproductive Age in Tanzania: an Analysis of Data From the 2015 to 2016 Tanzania Demographic and Health Survey and Malaria Indicators Survey [2021]
• Turkey
  • Turkish Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
    • Diagnosis and treatment of iron deficiency anemia during pregnancy and the postpartum period: Iron deficiency anemia working group consensus report [2015]
• United Kingdom
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Screening for iron deficiency and iron deficiency anaemia in pregnancy: a structured review and gap analysis against UK national screening criteria [2015]
  • British Society for Haematology
    • UK guidelines on the management of iron deficiency in pregnancy [2020]
  • Right Decisions
    • Iron Deficiency Management during Pregnancy and the Puerperium
  • WISDOM
    • Management of Iron Deficiency Anaemia in Obstetrics including Iron Infusion (Ferric Derisomaltose Pharmacosmos 100mg/ml) [2023]
• United States
  • Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
    • Screening and Supplementation for Iron Deficiency and Iron Deficiency Anemia During Pregnancy: Systematic Review to Update the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation [2024]
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Anemia Among Pregnant Women Participating in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children — United States, 2008–2018 [2022]
  • Hematology: the American Society of Hematology Education Program
    • Identifying and treating iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy [2023]
  • U.S. Preventive Services Task Force
    • Iron Deficiency and Iron Deficiency Anemia During Pregnancy: Screening and Supplementation [2024]
• WHO
  • World Health Organization
    • Improving antenatal iron-containing supplementation indicators: a report on key informant interviews, an online survey and DHS data analyses [2020]
    • Developing and validating an iron and folic acid supplementation indicator for tracking progress towards global nutrition monitoring framework targets: final report June 2018 [2018]
    • Guideline: Iron supplementation in postpartum women [2016]
    • Guideline: daily iron and folic acid supplementation in pregnant women [2012]
    • Antenatal iron supplementation
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Hematologic diseases in pregnancy, anemia in pregnancy

Kidney diseases in pregnancy

• Africa
  • Journal of Nephrology
    • Pregnancy-related acute kidney injury in the African continent: where do we stand? A systematic review [2022]
• Austria, Germany
  • Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde
    • Chronic Kidney Disease and Pregnancy. Guideline of the DGGG, OEGGG, DGfN (S2k Level, AWMF Registry No. 015 - 090) [2022]
• Canada
  • Public Health Agency of Canada
    • Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and the recent increase in obstetric acute renal failure in Canada: population based retrospective cohort study [2014]
• China
  • BMC Nephrology
    • Epidemiology of acute kidney injury in hospitalized pregnant women in China [2019]
  • Chinese Medical Journal
    • Surgical interventions for symptomatic urinary stones during pregnancy [2021]
  • Internal Medicine
    • Pregnancy-related Acute Kidney Injury and a Review of the Literature in China [2015]
• International
  • American Journal of Kidney Diseases
    • Renal Disorders in Pregnancy: Core Curriculum 2019 [2019]
  • Archivio Italiano di Urologia e Andrologia
    • Surgical management of obstructing ureteral stones during pregnancy: A systematic review of different techniques [2024]
  • BMJ Open
    • Interventions for and experiences of shared decision-making underpinning reproductive health, family planning options and pregnancy for women with or at high risk of kidney disease: a systematic review and qualitative framework synthesis [2022]
  • Clinical Transplantation
    • Acute kidney injury during pregnancy in kidney transplant recipients [2022]
  • European Journal of Clinical Nutrition
    • Nutrition care for chronic kidney disease during pregnancy: an updated review [2020]
  • Journal of Clinical Medicine
    • The Changing Landscape of Acute Kidney Injury in Pregnancy from an Obstetrics Perspective [2019]
  • Medicine
    • Kidney and pregnancy outcomes in pregnancy-associated atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2025]
    • Incidence of acute kidney injury during pregnancy and its prognostic value for adverse clinical outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2022]
  • Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation
    • Staging pregnancy-related acute kidney injury according to Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes guidelines: what are the barriers? [2021]
• Italy
  • Journal of Nephrology
    • A best-practice position statement on pregnancy after kidney transplantation: focusing on the unsolved questions. The Kidney and Pregnancy Study Group of the Italian Society of Nephrology [2018]
    • A best practice position statement on pregnancy in chronic kidney disease: the Italian Study Group on Kidney and Pregnancy [2016]
  • Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN
    • Risk of Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Women with CKD [2015]
  • Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation
    • Adding creatinine to routine pregnancy tests: a decision tree for calculating the cost of identifying patients with CKD in pregnancy [2023]
• Japan
  • Endocrine Journal
    • Pregnancy-associated diabetes insipidus in Japan—a review based on quoting from the literatures reported during the period from 1982 to 2019 [2021]
• Netherlands
  • Kidney International
    • A nationwide Dutch cohort study shows relatively good pregnancy outcomes after kidney transplantation and finds risk factors for adverse outcomes [2022]
  • Kidney International Reports
    • Summary of the Dutch Practice Guideline on Pregnancy Wish and Pregnancy in CKD [2022]
• Poland
  • Renal Disease and Transplantation Forum
    • Polish Society of Nephrology Working Group — management of pregnant women with chronic kidney disease [2021]
• Republic of Korea
  • Scientific Reports
    • Pregnancy outcomes after living kidney donation from a nationwide population-based cohort study from Korea [2022]
• Sweden
  • American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology
    • Pregnancy outcomes in women with chronic kidney disease and chronic hypertension: a National cohort study [2021]
  • Journal of Nephrology
    • Pregnancy outcomes in women with immunoglobulin A nephropathy: a nationwide population-based cohort study [2021]
• United Kingdom
  • BMC Nephrology
    • Clinical practice guideline on pregnancy and renal disease [2019]
  • National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
    • Evidence reviews for acute kidney injury or chronic kidney disease: Intrapartum care for women with existing medical conditions or obstetric complications and their babies [2019]
  • Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation
    • The impact of chronic kidney disease Stages 3-5 on pregnancy outcomes [2021]
• United States
  • Clinical Kidney Journal
    • Pregnancy outcomes in women on hemodialysis: a national survey [2017]
  • Frontiers in Surgery
    • Management of Nephrolithiasis in Pregnancy: Multi-Disciplinary Guidelines From an Academic Medical Center [2021]
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Obstetrics, perinatology

Maternal mortality and morbidity

• Afghanistan
  • Health Policy and Planning
    • National and sub-national analysis of the health benefits and cost-effectiveness of strategies to reduce maternal mortality in Afghanistan [2013]
  • Lancet Global Health
    • Achieving maternal and child health gains in Afghanistan: a Countdown to 2015 country case study [2016]
• Africa
  • Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences
    • Skilled Health Personnel Attended Delivery as a Proxy Indicator for Maternal and Perinatal Mortality: A Systematic Review [2014]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Maternal Mortality in Africa: Regional Trends (2000-2017) [2022]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Socioeconomic, demographic and obstetric determinants of maternal near miss in Africa: A systematic review [2025]
• Americas
  • Pan American Health Organization
    • Strategy for accelerating maternal mortality reduction in the Region of the Americas based on Primary Health Care [2024]
• Arab countries
  • United Nations Population Fund
    • Improving data for evidence-based decision-making: Reinforcing civil registration and vital statistics and maternal and perinatal death surveillance and response systems interlinkages [2022]
• Australia
  • Australian Institute of Health and Welfare
    • Maternal deaths
  • NSW Health
    • Reporting of Maternal Deaths to the NSW Clinical Excellence Commission
• Bangladesh
  • Journal of Global Health
    • Maternal mortality in Bangladesh: Who, when, why, and where? A national survey-based analysis [2023]
    • Levels, trends, causes, place and time of, care-seeking for, and barriers in preventing indirect maternal deaths in Bangladesh: An analysis of national-level household surveys [2023]
  • Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition
    • Reducing Maternal Mortality and Improving Maternal Health: Bangladesh and MDG 5 [2008]
• Belgium
  • Statbel
    • Maternal mortality
• Botswana
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • A root-cause analysis of maternal deaths in Botswana: towards developing a culture of patient safety and quality improvement [2014]
• Brazil
  • BMC Medicine
    • Long-term impact of a conditional cash transfer programme on maternal mortality: a nationwide analysis of Brazilian longitudinal data [2021]
  • Cadernos de Saúde Pública
    • Estimation of maternal mortality rates in Brazil, 2008-2011 [2014]
  • Ciência & Saúde Coletiva
    • Time series analysis: trend in late maternal mortality in Brazil, 2010-2019 [2024]
    • Maternal mortality in Brazil: an analysis of temporal trends and spatial clustering [2024]
    • Will Brazil comply with the SDG 3.1 of the 2030 Agenda? An analysis of maternal mortality, from 1996 to 2018 [2021]
  • Epidemiologia e Serviços de Saúde
    • Validation study of obstetric hospitalization data held on the Brazilian National Health System Hospital Information System for maternal morbidity surveillance: Brazil, 2021-2022 [2024]
  • JAMA Network Open
    • Association of Conditional Cash Transfers With Maternal Mortality Using the 100 Million Brazilian Cohort [2023]
  • Jornal de Pediatria
    • Temporal and spatial evolution of maternal and neonatal mortality rates in Brazil, 1997–2012 [2016]
  • Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia
    • Usefulness of the Hospital Information System for maternal mortality surveillance in Brazil [2023]
  • Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia
    • Temporal Trend of Near Miss and its Regional Variations in Brazil from 2010 to 2018 [2021]
  • Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical
    • Maternal Mortality in Brazil, 1990 to 2019: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 [2022]
  • Revista de Saúde Pública
    • Racial disparities and maternal mortality in Brazil: findings from a national database [2024]
• Burundi
  • Tropical Medicine & International Health
    • Achieving the Millennium Development Goal of reducing maternal mortality in rural Africa: an experience from Burundi [2013]
• Canada
  • Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada
    • Validation of Database Autopsy for Review of Pregnancy-Associated Deaths in Canada [2024]
  • Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology
    • Severe maternal morbidity surveillance: Monitoring pregnant women at high risk for prolonged hospitalisation and death [2020]
  • Public Health Agency of Canada
    • Database Autopsy: An Efficient and Effective Confidential Enquiry into Maternal Deaths in Canada [2021]
    • Severe Maternal Morbidity in Canada: Temporal Trends and Regional Variations, 2003-2016 [2019]
  • Statistics Canada
    • Number of maternal deaths and maternal mortality rates for selected causes
• China
  • BioMed Research International
    • Provincial Maternal Mortality Surveillance Systems in China [2014]
  • BMC Health Services Research
    • Risk management of pregnant women and the associated low maternal mortality from 2008-2017 in China: a national longitude study [2022]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Maternal health services utilization and maternal mortality in China: a longitudinal study from 2009 to 2016 [2020]
  • BMC Public Health
    • The trends of maternal mortality ratios and cause pattern in 34 Chinese provinces, 1990-2017 [2022]
    • Maternal mortality ratio in China from 1990 to 2019: trends, causes and correlations [2021]
  • BMJ Global Health
    • Reducing maternal mortality in China in the era of the two-child policy [2020]
  • PLoS Medicine
    • Spatiotemporal trends and ecological determinants in maternal mortality ratios in 2,205 Chinese counties, 2010–2013: A Bayesian modelling analysis [2020]
• Denmark
  • Danish Medical Journal
    • Reduction in maternal mortality in Denmark over three decades [2021]
    • An audit of 70 maternal deaths [2021]
• Developing countries
  • World Health Organization
    • Education and severe maternal outcomes in developing countries: a multicountry cross-sectional survey [2014]
• Dominican Republic
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Examining the Role of Quality of Institutionalized Healthcare on Maternal Mortality in the Dominican Republic [2023]
• Ecuador
  • Journal of Public Health Research
    • Maternal Deaths Databases Analysis: Ecuador 2003-2013 [2016]
• Eritrea
  • Journal of Midwifery & Women's Health
    • Evaluation of a community intervention for promotion of safe motherhood in Eritrea [2011]
• Ethiopia
  • BMC Health Services Research
    • Health system readiness to manage maternal death data and avail evidence for decision-making through the Maternal Death Surveillance System in Ethiopia, 2020 [2023]
  • BMC Public Health
    • Trends and causes of maternal mortality in Ethiopia during 1990–2013: findings from the Global Burden of Diseases study 2013 [2017]
  • BMC Women's Health
    • Prevalence and determinants of maternal near miss in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis, 2015-2023 [2023]
  • BMJ Open
    • Inequality in maternal delays related to maternal death at home and en route to a health facility in Ethiopia: insights from national mortality surveillance data [2025]
    • Place of death and associated factors among reviewed maternal deaths in Ethiopia: a generalised structural equation modelling [2023]
  • Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences
    • Review of Maternal Mortality in Ethiopia: A Story of the Past 30 Years [2014]
    • Reasons for Persistently High Maternal and Perinatal Mortalities in Ethiopia: Part II-So-Socio-Economic and Cultural Factors [2014]
    • Commentary: Reasons for Persistently High Maternal and Perinatal Mortalities in Ethiopia: Part III-Perspective of the “Three Delays” Model [2014]
    • Commentary: Actions in the Pipeline and the Way Forward to Reduce Maternal and Perinatal Mortality in Ethiopia [2014]
    • Causes of Maternal Mortality in Ethiopia: A Significant Decline in Abortion Related Death [2014]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Implementation status of maternal death surveillance and response system in Ethiopia: Evidence from a national-level system evaluation [2024]
    • Critical factors associated with postpartum maternal death in Ethiopia [2022]
    • Area of focus to handle delays related to maternal death in Ethiopia [2022]
    • Age, period and cohort analysis of age-specific maternal mortality trend in Ethiopia: A secondary analysis [2020]
  • Reproductive Health
    • Magnitude, determinants, and complications of short inter pregnancy intervals among pregnant mothers in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2024]
  • Systematic Reviews
    • Prevalence and determinants of maternal near miss in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis, 2023 [2025]
  • Women's Health
    • Ethiopia's commitment towards achieving sustainable development goal on reduction of maternal mortality: There is a long way to go [2021]
• Europe
  • BMJ
    • Maternal mortality in eight European countries with enhanced surveillance systems: descriptive population based study [2022]
  • Euro-Peristat
    • What about the mothers? An analysis of maternal mortality and morbidity in perinatal health surveillance systems in Europe [2012]
  • European Board and College of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
    • European Board and College of Obstetrics and Gynaecology position statement on maternal mortality surveillance in Europe [2024]
  • WHO European Region
    • Maternal mortality: Fact sheet
    • Maternal deaths per 100 000 live births according to clinical data
• France
  • BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology
    • Maternal sudden death: A nationwide retrospective study [2023]
  • Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology
    • Antepartum severe maternal morbidity: A population-based study of risk factors and delivery outcomes [2022]
• Georgia
  • International Journal of Women's Health
    • Maternal Mortality in Georgia: Incidence, Causes and Level of Underreporting: A National Reproductive Age Mortality Study 2014 [2020]
  • Sexual & Reproductive Healthcare
    • Scoping maternal care through the lens of maternal deaths: A retrospective analysis of maternal mortality in Georgia [2020]
• Ghana
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Millennium development Goal 5: progress and challenges in reducing maternal deaths in Ghana [2016]
• High-income countries
  • Journal of Korean Medical Science
    • Global, Regional, and National Trends in Maternal Mortality Ratio Across 37 High Income Countries From 1990 to 2021, With Projections up to 2050: A Comprehensive Analysis From the WHO Mortality Database [2025]
• Hong Kong
  • JAMA Network Open
    • Characteristics of Maternal Mortality Missed by Vital Statistics in Hong Kong, 2000-2019 [2023]
• India
  • BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology
    • Trends in maternal mortality in India over two decades in nationally representative surveys [2022]
  • Indian Journal of Medical Research
    • Maternal near miss events in India [2021]
• Indonesia
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Trends and causes of maternal mortality in Indonesia: a systematic review [2024]
  • Global Health Action
    • Relating the construction and maintenance of maternal ill-health in rural Indonesia [2012]
  • Population Health Metrics
    • The impact of family planning on maternal mortality in Indonesia: what future contribution can be expected? [2021]
• International
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Prevalence of maternal mortality causes based on ICD-MM: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2023]
    • The human right to safely give birth: data from 193 countries show that gender equality does affect maternal mortality [2022]
    • Constructing maternal morbidity – towards a standard tool to measure and monitor maternal health beyond mortality [2016]
    • A common monitoring framework for ending preventable maternal mortality, 2015–2030: phase I of a multi-step process [2016]
    • Framing maternal morbidity: WHO scoping exercise [2013]
  • BMC Public Health
    • A systematic review of individual and ecological determinants of maternal mortality in the world based on the income level of countries [2022]
    • Advancing maternal survival in the global context: are our strategies working? [2013]
  • BMJ Global Health
    • Global and regional estimates of maternal near miss: a systematic review, meta-analysis and experiences with application [2022]
  • Global Health: Science and Practice
    • Galvanizing Collective Action to Accelerate Reductions in Maternal and Newborn Mortality and Prevention of Stillbirths [2021]
  • Health Policy and Planning
    • Legal issues in the implementation of Maternal Death Surveillance and Response: a scoping review [2024]
  • International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics
    • Global health systems strengthening: FIGO's strategic view on reducing maternal and newborn mortality worldwide [2024]
  • International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics
    • Thinking beyond maternal mortality: Re-conceptualizing and measuring maternal morbidity [2018]
  • JBI Evidence Synthesis
    • Timing of maternal mortality and severe morbidity during the postpartum period: a systematic review [2022]
  • Journal of Global Health
    • Recommendations for refining key maternal health policy and finance indicators to strengthen a framework for monitoring the Strategies toward Ending Preventable Maternal Mortality (EPMM) [2021]
  • Journal of Perinatal Medicine
    • Why maternal mortality in the world remains tragedy in low-income countries and shame for high-income ones: will sustainable development goals (SDG) help? [2022]
  • Lancet
    • Global, regional, and national levels of maternal mortality, 1990–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 [2016]
  • Lancet Global Health
    • A global analysis of the determinants of maternal health and transitions in maternal mortality [2024]
    • Maternal mortality, stillbirths, and neonatal mortality: a transition model based on analyses of 151 countries [2023]
  • New England Journal of Medicine
    • Global Maternal, Newborn, and Child Health — So Near and Yet So Far [2013]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Measuring social, economic, policy, and health system determinants of maternal health and survival: An urgent global priority [2025]
    • Monitoring maternal near miss/severe maternal morbidity: A systematic review of global practices [2020]
  • Reproductive Health
    • Towards elimination of maternal deaths: maternal deaths surveillance and response [2013]
  • Statistics in Medicine
    • Estimating misclassification errors in the reporting of maternal mortality in national civil registration vital statistics systems: A Bayesian hierarchical bivariate random walk model to estimate sensitivity and specificity for multiple countries and years with missing data [2022]
  • Statistics, Politics and Policy
    • A New Method for Deriving Global Estimates of Maternal Mortality [2012]
  • Tropical Medicine & International Health
    • Monitoring maternal and newborn health outcomes globally: a brief history of key events and initiatives [2019]
  • U.S. Census Bureau
    • Measuring Maternal Mortality [2022]
  • United Nations Children's Fund - UNICEF
    • Maternal mortality
  • United Nations Population Fund
    • The Maternal and Newborn Health Thematic Fund Case Studies on Strengthening Midwifery Services to Avert Maternal and Newborn Deaths [2019]
  • Vaccine
    • Maternal death: Case definition and guidelines for data collection, analysis, and presentation of immunization safety data [2016]
• Iran
  • Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal
    • Systematic review and meta-analysis of maternal mortality ratio and related factors in the Islamic Republic of Iran [2023]
  • Reproductive Health
    • Determinants and causes of maternal mortality in Iran based on ICD-MM: a systematic review [2019]
• Ireland
  • Ireland's Health Services
    • Guidelines for the Critically Ill Woman in Obstetrics [2014]
• Italy
  • Annali dell'Istituto Superiore di Sanità
    • The way to move beyond the numbers: the lesson learnt from the Italian Obstetric Surveillance System [2019]
• Japan
  • BMJ Open
    • Current status of pregnancy-related maternal mortality in Japan: a report from the Maternal Death Exploratory Committee in Japan [2016]
• Kenya
  • Bulletin of the World Health Organization
    • Cost of maternal near miss and potentially life-threatening conditions, Kenya [2021]
• Laos
  • Nagoya Journal of Medical Science
    • Improving the maternal mortality rate in Lao PDR: 10 years after the publication of the Yang Ye paper in the Nagoya Journal of Medical Science [2023]
• Latin America
  • International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics
    • Predicting severe maternal outcomes in a network of sentinel sites in Latin-American countries [2023]
  • Reproductive Health
    • Maternal near miss and predictive ability of potentially life-threatening conditions at selected maternity hospitals in Latin America [2016]
• Latin America and the Caribbean
  • Pan American Health Organization
    • Technical guide for auditing cases of extreme maternal morbidity and developing appropriate responses to reduce maternal near-miss [2025]
    • Recommendations for Establishing a National Maternal Near-miss Surveillance System in Latin America and the Caribbean [2022]
    • Reproductive Health and Healthy Motherhood. Aligning National Legislation with International Human Rights Law [2014]
• Low and middle income countries
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Risk factors for postpartum maternal mortality and hospital readmission in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review [2023]
    • Birth Preparedness and Complication Readiness (BPCR) interventions to reduce maternal and neonatal mortality in developing countries: systematic review and meta-analysis [2014]
    • Audit-identified avoidable factors in maternal and perinatal deaths in low resource settings: a systematic review [2014]
  • BMJ Global Health
    • Learning from success: the main drivers of the maternal and newborn health transition in seven positive-outlier countries and implications for future policies and programmes [2024]
    • Prognostic models for adverse pregnancy outcomes in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review [2019]
  • BMJ Open
    • Maternal death surveillance efforts: notification and review coverage rates in 30 low-income and middle-income countries, 2015-2019 [2023]
  • Bulletin of the World Health Organization
    • Maternal and perinatal death surveillance and response: a systematic review of qualitative studies [2023]
  • Human Resources for Health
    • Systematic review on human resources for health interventions to improve maternal health outcomes: evidence from low- and middle-income countries [2016]
  • Lancet
    • Women's groups practising participatory learning and action to improve maternal and newborn health in low-resource settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2013]
  • PLoS Medicine
    • Estimating the global impact of poor quality of care on maternal and neonatal outcomes in 81 low- and middle-income countries: A modeling study [2019]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Quality of medicines for life-threatening pregnancy complications in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review [2020]
    • What maternal morbidities are and what they mean for women: A thematic analysis of twenty years of qualitative research in low and lower-middle income countries [2019]
  • Population Health Metrics
    • A comparison of approaches to measuring maternal mortality in Bangladesh, Mozambique, and Bolivia [2022]
  • Reproductive Health
    • The relationship between birth intervals and adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes in six low and lower-middle income countries [2020]
    • Maternal mortality in six low and lower-middle income countries from 2010 to 2018: risk factors and trends [2020]
• Low-income countries
  • Scientific Reports
    • Men's knowledge of obstetrics danger sign and associated factors in low-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2025]
• Malawi
  • BMC Medical Research Methodology
    • Easier said than done!: methodological challenges with conducting maternal death review research in Malawi [2014]
• Mali, Senegal
  • PLoS ONE
    • Predicting In-Hospital Maternal Mortality in Senegal and Mali [2013]
• Mexico
  • PLoS ONE
    • Towards an Inclusive and Evidence-Based Definition of the Maternal Mortality Ratio: An Analysis of the Distribution of Time after Delivery of Maternal Deaths in Mexico, 2010-2013 [2016]
• Middle East, North Africa
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Maternal mortality in the Middle East and North Africa region - how could countries move towards obstetric transition stage 5? [2022]
• Middle-income countries
  • Bulletin of the World Health Organization
    • Maternal mortality: near-miss events in middle-income countries, a systematic review [2021]
• Moldova
  • BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology
    • The Moldovan experience of maternal death reviews [2014]
• Morocco
  • International Journal for Equity in Health
    • Actions on social determinants and interventions in primary health to improve mother and child health and health equity in Morocco [2016]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Determinants of Maternal Near-Miss in Morocco: Too Late, Too Far, Too Sloppy? [2015]
  • Tropical Medicine & International Health
    • Preventable maternal mortality in Morocco: the role of hospitals [2013]
    • Implementing a maternal mortality surveillance system in Morocco [2013]
• Mozambique
  • PLoS ONE
    • Mapping maternal mortality rate via spatial zero-inflated models for count data: A case study of facility-based maternal deaths from Mozambique [2018]
• Myanmar
  • Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition
    • New Politics, an Opportunity for Maternal Health Advancement in Eastern Myanmar: An Integrative Review [2014]
• Nepal
  • PLoS ONE
    • An Analysis of Factors Linked to the Decline in Maternal Mortality in Nepal [2014]
  • Sexual and Reproductive Health Matters
    • Policies and actions to reduce maternal mortality in Nepal: perspectives of key informants [2021]
• New Zealand
  • BMJ Open
    • Under-reporting of maternal and perinatal adverse events in New Zealand [2015]
• Nigeria
  • BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology
    • Application of maternal near-miss approach to audits of severe maternal complications in a low-resource country [2019]
  • International Journal for Equity in Health
    • Poverty and maternal mortality in Nigeria: towards a more viable ethics of modern medical practice [2008]
  • PLoS ONE
    • The influence of the social and cultural environment on maternal mortality in Nigeria: Evidence from the 2013 demographic and health survey [2017]
  • Reproductive Health
    • Maternal death and obstetric care audits in Nigeria: a systematic review of barriers and enabling factors in the provision of emergency care [2016]
• North Korea
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • The Current Status in Obstetrics in North Korea and Strategies for Establishing a Better Healthcare System [2021]
• Pakistan
  • PLoS ONE
    • Trends in the levels, causes, and risk factors of maternal mortality in Pakistan: A comparative analysis of national surveys of 2007 and 2019 [2025]
    • Demographic, social and health system factors associated with maternal mortality in Pakistan: A nested case-control study [2025]
  • Reproductive Health
    • Why are the Pakistani maternal, fetal and newborn outcomes so poor compared to other low and middle-income countries? [2020]
• Republic of Korea
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • How much can we reduce delivery-related medical costs associated with maternal mortality? A nationwide cohort study from 2003 to 2021 [2025]
  • Reproductive Health
    • Comparison of global indicators for severe maternal morbidity among South Korean women who delivered from 2003 to 2018: a population-based retrospective cohort study [2022]
• Rwanda
  • BMJ Open
    • Maternal death audit in Rwanda 2009–2013: a nationwide facility-based retrospective cohort study [2016]
  • Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine
    • Factors That Affect Maternal Mortality in Rwanda: A Comparative Study with India and Bangladesh [2022]
• Saudi Arabia
  • BMJ Open Quality
    • Collaborative improvement project to decrease maternal mortality rate across five hospitals in Saudi Arabia [2022]
• Senegal
  • Tropical Medicine & International Health
    • Improving survey data on pregnancy-related deaths in low-and middle-income countries: a validation study in Senegal [2015]
• Sierra Leone
  • Lancet Global Health
    • Child, maternal, and adult mortality in Sierra Leone: nationally representative mortality survey 2018-20 [2022]
• South Africa
  • BMC Public Health
    • A cross-sectional analysis of the geographic distribution and causes of maternal mortality in South Africa: 2002–2006 [2015]
  • South African Medical Journal
    • Every maternal near-miss counts: Need for a national audit in South Africa? A mixed-methods study [2022]
  • Statistics South Africa
    • Maternal mortality rate on the decline in SA [2022]
• South Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa
  • PLoS Medicine
    • Direct maternal morbidity and the risk of pregnancy-related deaths, stillbirths, and neonatal deaths in South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa: A population-based prospective cohort study in 8 countries [2021]
• South-East Asia
  • PLoS ONE
    • Factors influencing maternal death in Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, and Vietnam countries: A systematic review [2024]
• Spain
  • BMC Public Health
    • Maternal mortality trends in Spain during the 2000-2018 period: the role of maternal origin [2022]
• Sri Lanka
  • Reproductive Health
    • Maternal mortality revisited: the application of the new ICD-MM classification system in reference to maternal deaths in Sri Lanka [2014]
• Sub-Saharan Africa
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Systematic review of the magnitude and case fatality ratio for severe maternal morbidity in sub-Saharan Africa between 1995 and 2010 [2011]
  • Journal of Global Health
    • Causes of maternal mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review of studies published from 2015 to 2020 [2021]
  • Lancet Global Health
    • Women's risk of death beyond 42 days post partum: a pooled analysis of longitudinal Health and Demographic Surveillance System data in sub-Saharan Africa [2022]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Obstetric admission and maternal mortality in the intensive care unit in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2025]
• Sudan
  • BMC Public Health
    • A decade of change: maternal mortality trends in Sudan, 2009-2019 [2025]
• Suriname
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Maternal mortality audit in Suriname between 2010 and 2014, a reproductive age mortality survey [2017]
  • Reproductive Health
    • Classifying maternal deaths in Suriname using WHO ICD-MM: different interpretation by Physicians, National and International Maternal Death Review Committees [2021]
    • Childbirth outcomes and ethnic disparities in Suriname: a nationwide registry-based study in a middle-income country [2020]
• Sweden
  • Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica
    • Maternal mortality in Sweden 1988–2007: more deaths than officially reported [2013]
• Taiwan
  • PLoS ONE
    • Maternal Mortality in Taiwan: A Nationwide Data Linkage Study [2015]
  • Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
    • The trend and factors associated with severe maternal morbidity among delivery and postpartum hospitalizations in Taiwan: A nationwide study, 2011-2021 [2024]
    • Pregnancy-associated mortality in Taiwan, 2004–2011 [2016]
    • Underreporting of maternal mortality in Taiwan: A data linkage study [2015]
• Tanzania
  • Tropical Medicine & International Health
    • Strengths and weaknesses in the implementation of maternal and perinatal death reviews in Tanzania: perceptions, processes and practice [2014]
• Thailand
  • Population Health Metrics
    • Improving the measurement of maternal mortality in Thailand using multiple data sources [2016]
• Uganda
  • International Journal of Health Policy and Management
    • Designed to Fail? Revisiting Uganda's Maternal Health Policies to Understand Policy Design Issues Underpinning Missed Targets for Reduction of Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR): 2000-2015 [2022]
  • Ministry of Health Uganda
    • National Annual Maternal and Perinatal Death Surveillance and Response (MPDSR) Report FY 2022/2023 [2023]
• United Kingdom
  • Anaesthesia
    • Severe maternal morbidity in Scotland [2022]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Examining the impact of introducing ICD-MM on observed trends in maternal mortality rates in the UK 2003–13 [2016]
  • British Journal of Anaesthesia
    • Saving Mothers’ Lives: reviewing maternal deaths to make motherhood safer: 2006–8: a review [2011]
  • British Journal of General Practice
    • Maternal health in pregnancy: messages from the 2014 UK Confidential Enquiry into Maternal Death [2015]
  • Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health
    • Associations between neighbourhood deprivation, ethnicity and maternal health outcomes in England: a nationwide cohort study using routinely collected healthcare data [2024]
  • MBRRACE-UK
    • MBRRACE-UK: Mothers and Babies: Reducing Risk through Audits and Confidential Enquiries across the UK
  • Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology
    • A national population-based cohort study to investigate inequalities in maternal mortality in the United Kingdom, 2009-17 [2020]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Establishing a National Maternal Morbidity Outcome Indicator in England: A Population-Based Study Using Routine Hospital Data [2016]
  • Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Managing Events Surrounding a Maternal Death and Supporting the Family and Staff [2024]
    • Understanding the Relationship Between Social Determinants of Health and Maternal Mortality [2022]
• United States
  • Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
    • Social and Structural Determinants of Maternal Morbidity and Mortality: An Evidence Map [2023]
  • AJP Reports
    • Implementing Obstetric Early Warning Systems [2018]
  • American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
    • Severe Maternal Morbidity: Screening and Review [2016]
  • American Journal of Epidemiology
    • Rural-Urban Differences in Maternal Mortality Trends in the United States, 1999-2017: Accounting for the Impact of the Pregnancy Status Checkbox [2022]
  • American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology
    • Maternal mortality in the United States: are the high and rising rates due to changes in obstetrical factors, maternal medical conditions, or maternal mortality surveillance? [2024]
    • Maternal mortality in the United States: research gaps, opportunities, and priorities [2020]
    • Putting the “M” back in maternal-fetal medicine: A 5-year report card on a collaborative effort to address maternal morbidity and mortality in the United States [2019]
  • American Journal of Public Health
    • Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Maternal Mortality in the United States Using Enhanced Vital Records, 2016-2017 [2021]
  • Annals of Internal Medicine
    • Initiatives to Reduce Maternal Mortality and Severe Maternal Morbidity in the United States: A Narrative Review [2020]
  • Annual Review of Medicine
    • Maternal Mortality in the United States: Trends and Opportunities for Prevention [2023]
  • BMC Public Health
    • The public health exposome and pregnancy-related mortality in the United States: a high-dimensional computational analysis [2022]
  • BMJ Open
    • Individual- and community-level risk factors for maternal morbidity and mortality among Native American women in the USA: a systematic review [2024]
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Maternal Mortality Rates in the United States, 2023 [2025]
    • The Impact of the Pregnancy Checkbox and Misclassification on Maternal Mortality Trends in the United States, 1999-2017 [2020]
    • Vital Signs: Pregnancy-Related Deaths, United States, 2011–2015, and Strategies for Prevention, 13 States, 2013–2017 [2019]
    • Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Pregnancy-Related Deaths — United States, 2007–2016 [2019]
    • Severe Maternal Morbidity
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • Developmental Origins of Pregnancy-Related Morbidity and Mortality in Black U.S. Women [2022]
  • International Journal of Maternal and Child Health and AIDS
    • Trends and Social Inequalities in Maternal Mortality in the United States, 1969-2018 [2021]
    • Trends and Racial/Ethnic, Socioeconomic, and Geographic Disparities in Maternal Mortality from Indirect Obstetric Causes in the United States, 1999-2017 [2021]
  • JAMA
    • Trends in State-Level Maternal Mortality by Racial and Ethnic Group in the United States [2023]
  • JAMA Network Open
    • Trends, Characteristics, and Maternal Morbidity Associated With Unhoused Status in Pregnancy [2023]
    • Trends in Maternal Mortality and Severe Maternal Morbidity During Delivery-Related Hospitalizations in the United States, 2008 to 2021 [2023]
    • Trends in Severe Maternal Morbidity in the US Across the Transition to ICD-10-CM/PCS From 2012-2019 [2022]
    • Trends and Distribution of In-Hospital Mortality Among Pregnant and Postpartum Individuals by Pregnancy Period [2022]
    • Assessment of Incidence and Factors Associated With Severe Maternal Morbidity After Delivery Discharge Among Women in the US [2021]
  • Journal of Comparative Effectiveness Research
    • Economic burden of maternal mortality in the USA, 2018-2020 [2022]
  • Journal of Women's Health
    • U.S. Maternal Mortality Within a Global Context: Historical Trends, Current State, and Future Directions [2021]
  • National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
    • Advancing Maternal Health Equity and Reducing Maternal Morbidity and Mortality: Proceedings of a Workshop [2021]
  • National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
    • An evaluation of seasonal maternal-neonatal morbidity related to trainee cycles [2022]
    • Frequency of and factors associated with severe maternal morbidity [2014]
    • Maternal Morbidity and Mortality
  • Neoreviews
    • Maternal Mortality in the United States: Updates on Trends, Causes, and Solutions [2019]
  • Obstetrics & Gynecology
    • Maternal Mortality in the United States: Recent Trends, Current Status, and Future Considerations [2021]
    • Social Determinants of Pregnancy-Related Mortality and Morbidity in the United States: A Systematic Review [2020]
    • Severe Maternal Morbidity and Mortality Among Indigenous Women in the United States [2020]
    • Standardized Severe Maternal Morbidity Review [2014]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Age-related disparities in national maternal mortality trends: A population-based study [2025]
    • Improving US maternal mortality reporting by analyzing literal text on death certificates, United States, 2016-2017 [2020]
  • Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine
    • Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine Position Statement: Maternal mortality review committees [2025]
    • Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine Consult Series #55: Counseling women at increased risk of maternal morbidity and mortality [2021]
    • Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine Consult Series #54: Assessing the risk of maternal morbidity and mortality [2021]
    • SMFM Special Report: Putting the “M” back in MFM: Addressing education about disparities in maternal outcomes and care [2018]
• WHO
  • World Health Organization
    • Trends in maternal mortality 2000 to 2023: estimates by WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA, World Bank Group and UNDESA/Population Division [2025]
    • Strengthening legal and regulatory frameworks for maternal and perinatal death surveillance and response [2024]
    • Maternal and perinatal death surveillance and response: global report on decade of implementation [2024]
    • Trends in maternal mortality 2000 to 2020: estimates by WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA, World Bank Group and UNDESA/Population Division [2023]
    • Maternal mortality measurement: guidance to improve national reporting [2022]
    • Maternal and perinatal death and surveillance and response [2021]
    • Implementation of maternal and perinatal death surveillance and response as part of quality of care efforts for maternal and newborn health: considerations for synergy and alignment [2021]
    • Maternal mortality: Levels and trends 2000 to 2017 [2019]
    • Maternal mortality: Evidence brief [2019]
    • Managing complications in pregnancy and childbirth: a guide for midwives and doctors [2017]
    • Time to respond. A report on the global implementation of Maternal Death Surveillance and Response [2016]
    • Maternal morbidity measurement tool pilot: study protocol [2016]
    • Trends in maternal mortality: 1990 to 2015: Estimates by WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA, World Bank Group and the United Nations Population Division [2015]
    • Strategies toward ending preventable maternal mortality (EPMM) [2015]
    • Targets and strategies for ending preventable maternal mortality: consensus statement [2014]
    • Obstetric transition: the pathway towards ending preventable maternal deaths [2014]
    • Maternal near-miss audits to improve quality of care [2014]
    • Indirect causes of severe adverse maternal outcomes: a secondary analysis of the WHO Multicountry Survey on Maternal and Newborn Health [2014]
    • Advanced maternal age and pregnancy outcomes: a multicountry assessment [2014]
    • WHO guidance for measuring maternal mortality from a census [2013]
    • Maternal Death Surveillance and Response [2013]
    • Evaluating the quality of care for severe pregnancy complications: the WHO near-miss approach for maternal health [2011]
    • Countdown to 2015 decade report (2000-2010) with country profiles: taking stock of maternal, newborn and child survival [2010]
    • Achieving millennium development goal 5: target 5A and 5B on reducing maternal mortality and achieving universal access to reproductive health [2009]
    • Beyond the numbers : reviewing maternal deaths and complications to make pregnancy safer [2004]
    • SDG Target 3.1 Maternal mortality
    • Maternal mortality: Fact sheet
    • Maternal mortality ratio (per 100 000 live births)
    • Maternal mortality (Global Health Observatory)
    • Maternal deaths
    • Maternal and newborn data
    • Maternal and Perinatal Death Surveillance and Response
    • Maternal Mortality in 2030
    • Ending preventable maternal mortality (EPMM)
• WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region
  • WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region
    • Improving maternal health to achieve the Millennium Development Goals in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: a youth lens [2008]
• WHO South-East Asia Region
  • WHO South-East Asia Region
    • Towards maternal and newborn survival in the WHO South-East Asia Region: Implementation experience of the WHO SEARO model of point-of-care quality improvement (POCQI) [2020]
    • Strengthening Country Capacity on Maternal and Perinatal Death Surveillance and Response: Report of a South-East Asia Regional Meeting , 16-18 February 2016, Maldives [2016]
• Zambia
  • PLoS ONE
    • Impact of Pregnancy-Related Deaths on Female Life Expectancy in Zambia: Application of Life Table Techniques to Census Data [2015]
  • Population Health Metrics
    • Rural-urban differentials in pregnancy-related mortality in Zambia: estimates using data collected in a census [2015]
• Zimbabwe
  • BMC Public Health
    • Changes in causes of pregnancy-related and maternal mortality in Zimbabwe 2007-08 to 2018-19: findings from two reproductive age mortality surveys [2022]
  • BMJ Global Health
    • Maternal mortality decline in Zimbabwe, 2007/2008 to 2018/2019: findings from mortality surveys using civil registration, vital statistics and health system data [2022]
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Obstetrics, perinatology

Maternity services

• Afghanistan
  • BMC Public Health
    • Coverage and inequalities in maternal and child health interventions in Afghanistan [2016]
  • BMJ Global Health
    • Equity of maternal and child health services in Afghanistan: a spatiotemporal analysis of national survey datasets [2025]
  • Conflict and Health
    • Availability and distribution of human resources for provision of comprehensive emergency obstetric and newborn care in Afghanistan: a cross-sectional study [2015]
• Africa
  • International Journal for Equity in Health
    • Cost and impact of policies to remove and reduce fees for obstetric care in Benin, Burkina Faso, Mali and Morocco [2016]
  • Journal of Global Health
    • Factors associated with age-specific maternal health-seeking behaviours among women: A Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey-based study in 10 African countries [2022]
  • PLoS ONE
    • The continuum of care for maternal health in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2024]
• Albania
  • PLoS ONE
    • Quality of Maternal and Neonatal Care in Albania, Turkmenistan and Kazakhstan: A Systematic, Standard-Based, Participatory Assessment [2011]
• Angola
  • Journal of Global Health
    • Association between the quality of care and continuous maternal and child health service utilisation in Angola: Longitudinal data analysis [2023]
• Australia
  • Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
    • The role of Australian clinical quality registries in pregnancy care: A scoping review [2022]
  • Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health
    • Self-determination in programmes of perinatal health for Aboriginal Communities: A systematic review [2024]
  • Australian College of Midwives
    • National Midwifery Guidelines for Consultation and Referral [2021]
  • Australian Institute of Health and Welfare
    • National Core Maternity Indicators
    • Maternity models of care
  • Better Safer Care
    • Maternity and newborn services user guide
  • Department of Health, Disability and Ageing
    • Woman-centred care: Strategic directions for Australian maternity services [2019]
  • International Journal of Medical Informatics
    • An assessment of ten popular pregnancy applications (Apps) available for women in Australia [2024]
  • Midwifery
    • Maternal residential area effects on preterm birth, low birth weight and caesarean section in Australia: A systematic review [2023]
  • NSW Health
    • Maternity care in NSW
    • Maternity and Neonatal Service Capability
    • Maternity - Safety and Quality Essentials
  • PLoS ONE
    • 'Great in theory': Women's care experiences in relation to Australia's national maternity Strategy-Qualitative survey responses [2025]
  • Queensland Health
    • Standard care
    • Maternity shared care
    • Maternity services
  • Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Shared Maternity Care in Australia [2021]
    • Obstetric and Gynaecology Services in Rural and Remote Regions in Australia [2020]
    • Maternity Care in Australia [2017]
  • SA Health
    • Perinatal Emergency Education Strategy Policy
    • Perinatal Advice and Emergency Transport
    • GP Obstetric Shared Care
  • Women and Birth
    • Does maternity care in Australia align with the national maternity Strategy? Findings from a national survey of women's experiences [2024]
• Azerbaijan
  • BioMed Research International
    • The Effect of Maternal Healthcare on the Probability of Child Survival in Azerbaijan [2014]
• Bangladesh
  • BioMed Research International
    • Socioeconomic correlates of Adequate Maternal Care in Bangladesh: Analysis of the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2017-18 [2022]
  • BMC Health Services Research
    • Perceptions of health care providers and patients on quality of care in maternal and neonatal health in fourteen Bangladesh government healthcare facilities: a mixed-method study [2015]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Progress in the utilization of antenatal and delivery care services in Bangladesh: where does the equity gap lie? [2016]
  • BMJ Open
    • Relationship between maternal healthcare utilisation and empowerment among women in Bangladesh: evidence from a nationally representative cross-sectional study [2021]
  • International Journal for Equity in Health
    • Trends in equity in use of maternal health services in urban and rural Bangladesh [2016]
    • Social inequalities in the utilization of maternal care in Bangladesh: Have they widened or narrowed in recent years? [2014]
    • Equity in reproductive and maternal health services in Bangladesh [2013]
  • Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition
    • Public-sector Maternal Health Programmes and Services for Rural Bangladesh [2009]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Association between 'Emergency obstetric & newborn care readiness' and delivery service utilization in Bangladesh: Evidence from national health facility assessment surveys [2025]
• Bangladesh, Pakistan
  • Reproductive Health
    • Comparison of inequality in utilization of maternal healthcare services between Bangladesh and Pakistan: evidence from the demographic health survey 2017-2018 [2023]
• Benin
  • Reproductive Health
    • The effects of geographical accessibility to health facilities on antenatal care and delivery services utilization in Benin: a cross-sectional study [2021]
• Brazil
  • Reproductive Health
    • Adequacy of public maternal care services in Brazil [2016]
• Burkina Faso
  • BMC Health Services Research
    • Temporal trends analysis of emergency obstetric and newborn care availability and readiness index of healthcare facilities in Burkina Faso [2024]
    • Evaluating quality of obstetric care in low-resource settings: Building on the literature to design tailor-made evaluation instruments - an illustration in Burkina Faso [2010]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • The obstetric care subsidy policy in Burkina Faso: what are the effects after five years of implementation? Findings of a complex evaluation [2016]
  • Health Policy and Planning
    • How do free healthcare policies impact utilization of maternal and child health services in fragile settings? Evidence from a controlled interrupted time series analysis in Burkina Faso [2024]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Reflections on the Unintended Consequences of the Promotion of Institutional Pregnancy and Birth Care in Burkina Faso [2016]
    • Reducing the Medical Cost of Deliveries in Burkina Faso Is Good for Everyone, Including the Poor [2012]
  • World Health Organization
    • Investing the marginal dollar for maternal and newborn health: geographic accessibility analysis for emergency obstetric care services in Burkina Faso [2016]
• Cambodia
  • BMC Health Services Research
    • Sociodemographic characteristics associated with the utilization of maternal health services in Cambodia [2020]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Determinants of the continuum of maternal health care in Cambodia: an analysis of the Cambodia demographic health survey 2014 [2021]
  • BMJ Open
    • Measuring effective coverage of maternal and child health services in Cambodia: a retrospective analysis of Demographic and Health Surveys from 2005 to 2014 [2022]
  • International Journal for Equity in Health
    • A decade of improvements in equity of access to reproductive and maternal health services in Cambodia, 2000–2010 [2013]
  • World Health Organization
    • Investing the marginal dollar for maternal and newborn health: geographic accessibility analysis for emergency obstetric care services in Cambodia [2016]
• Cameroon
  • Reproductive Health
    • Predictors of skilled birth attendance among married women in Cameroon: further analysis of 2018 Cameroon Demographic and Health Survey [2021]
• Canada
  • BMC Health Services Research
    • The safety of Canadian rural maternity services: a multi-jurisdictional cohort analysis [2015]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Indigenous maternal health and health services within Canada: a scoping review [2023]
  • Canadian Family Physician
    • Sustaining rural maternity and surgical care [2016]
    • New approaches for rural maternity care [2012]
  • CMAJ
    • Differences in obstetric care among nulliparous First Nations and non–First Nations women in British Columbia, Canada [2015]
  • Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada
    • Rural Maternity Care [2017]
  • Systematic Reviews
    • Immigrant women’s experiences of maternity-care services in Canada: a systematic review using a narrative synthesis [2015]
• China
  • BMC Health Services Research
    • China’s human resources for maternal and child health: a national sampling survey [2015]
  • Global Health Action
    • Disadvantaged populations in maternal health in China – Who and Why? [2013]
  • International Journal for Equity in Health
    • Analysis of inequality in maternal and child health outcomes and mortality from 2000 to 2013 in China [2017]
• Cyprus
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Exploring mothers' experiences of perinatal care in Cyprus: Babies Born Better survey [2023]
• Democratic Republic of Congo
  • BMC Health Services Research
    • Maternal education level and maternal healthcare utilization in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: an analysis of the multiple indicator cluster survey 2017/18 [2021]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Trends of maternal health service coverage in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: a pooled cross-sectional study of MICS 2010 to 2018 [2021]
  • Reproductive Health
    • Distribution and quality of emergency obstetric care service delivery in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: it is time to improve regulatory mechanisms [2019]
• Developing countries
  • PLoS ONE
    • Measuring Quality of Maternal and Newborn Care in Developing Countries Using Demographic and Health Surveys [2016]
• East Africa
  • BMC Health Services Research
    • Facilitators and barriers of healthcare financing modalities for universal maternal healthcare services in East Africa: a qualitative systematic review [2025]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Barriers and facilitators to maternal healthcare in East Africa: a systematic review and qualitative synthesis of perspectives from women, their families, healthcare providers, and key stakeholders [2025]
  • BMC Public Health
    • Temporal trends in spatial inequalities of maternal and newborn health services among four east African countries, 1999–2015 [2018]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Equality in Maternal and Newborn Health: Modelling Geographic Disparities in Utilisation of Care in Five East African Countries [2016]
• Egypt
  • PLoS ONE
    • Socio-Economic Gradients in Maternal and Child Health-Seeking Behaviours in Egypt: Systematic Literature Review and Evidence Synthesis [2014]
• Ethiopia
  • BMC Health Services Research
    • Identifying geographical inequalities of maternal care utilization in Ethiopia: a Spatio-temporal analysis from 2005 to 2019 [2022]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Multilevel analysis of the predictors of completion of the continuum of maternity care in Ethiopia; using the recent 2019 Ethiopia mini demographic and health survey [2022]
    • Benefits, barriers and enablers of maternity waiting homes utilization in Ethiopia: an integrative review of national implementation experience to date [2022]
    • Optimum maternal healthcare service utilization and infant mortality in Ethiopia [2021]
    • Distribution of maternity waiting homes and their correlation with perinatal mortality and direct obstetric complication rates in Ethiopia [2019]
  • BMC Public Health
    • Women's utilisation of quality antenatal care, intrapartum care and postnatal care services in Ethiopia: a population-based study using the demographic and health survey data [2023]
    • Spatiotemporal distribution and bivariate binary analysis of antenatal and delivery care utilizations in Ethiopia: EDHS 2000-2016 [2023]
  • BMJ Open
    • Wealth-based inequality and dropout rate in the completion of the continuum of maternal healthcare in Ethiopia: a secondary data analysis of the Mini Demographic and Health Survey of 2019 [2025]
    • Trends and inequalities in women's use of quality antenatal care, intrapartum care, and immediate postnatal care services in Ethiopia: multivariate decomposition, secondary data analyses of four demographic and health surveys over two decades (2001-2019) [2025]
    • Prevalence of completion of maternity continuum of care and its associated factors in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2022]
  • European Journal of Medical Research
    • Intention to use maternal waiting home and its predictors among pregnant women in Ethiopia: systematic review and meta-analysis [2023]
  • Global Health: Science and Practice
    • Maternal Service Coverage and Its Relationship To Health Information System Performance: A Linked Facility and Population-Based Survey in Ethiopia [2022]
  • Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition
    • Inequalities in adherence to the continuum of maternal and child health service utilization in Ethiopia: multilevel analysis [2021]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Cost-effectiveness of implementing performance-based financing for improving maternal and child health in Ethiopia [2024]
    • Determinants of continuum of care for maternal, newborn, and child health services in Ethiopia: Analysis of the modified composite coverage index using a quantile regression approach [2023]
    • Decomposition analysis of women's empowerment-based inequalities in the use of maternal health care services in Ethiopia: Evidence from Demographic and Health Surveys [2023]
    • Coverage of antenatal, intrapartum, and newborn care in 104 districts of Ethiopia: A before and after study four years after the launch of the national Community-Based Newborn Care programme [2021]
  • Reproductive Health
    • Trends and contributors of complete continuum of maternal healthcare service utilization in Ethiopia: a multivariate decomposition analyses [2025]
    • Inequities in maternal health services utilization in Ethiopia 2000–2016: magnitude, trends, and determinants [2018]
  • Women's Health
    • Maternal satisfaction with emergency obstetric and newborn care services in Ethiopia and the associated factors: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2023]
• Europe
  • BMC Health Services Research
    • Assessing the performance of maternity care in Europe: a critical exploration of tools and indicators [2015]
  • European Standards of Care for Newborn Health
    • Organisation of perinatal care
    • Maternal transfer for specialist care
  • Nurse Education in Practice
    • Strengthening global midwifery education to improve quality maternity care: Co-designing the World Health Organization Midwifery Assessment Tool for Education (MATE) [2022]
  • WHO European Region
    • Midwifery Assessment Tool for Education (MATE) [2020]
• Ghana
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Distance is "a big problem": a geographic analysis of reported and modelled proximity to maternal health services in Ghana [2022]
    • Is the National Health Insurance Scheme helping pregnant women in accessing health services? Analysis of the 2014 Ghana demographic and Health survey [2021]
    • Are Ghanaian women meeting the WHO recommended maternal healthcare (MCH) utilisation? Evidence from a national survey [2021]
  • BMJ Open
    • Health insurance determines antenatal, delivery and postnatal care utilisation: evidence from the Ghana Demographic and Health Surveillance data [2016]
  • Journal of Global Health
    • Impact of Ghana's fee exemption policy on maternal health service utilisation: an inverse probability of treatment weighting analysis of pooled national data [2025]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Health insurance enrollment and maternal health service utilization using Ghana Demographic and Health Survey, 2022 [2025]
• Haiti
  • World Health Organization
    • Free obstetric care in Haiti [2010]
• High-income countries
  • BMJ Open
    • Impact of obstetric unit closures, travel time and distance to obstetric services on maternal and neonatal outcomes in high-income countries: a systematic review [2020]
  • Midwifery
    • Interventions to improve enablers and/or overcome barriers to seeking care during pregnancy, birthing and postnatal period for women living with vulnerabilities in high-income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2023]
  • Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences
    • How Woman-Centred Care Is Experienced and Understood in Maternity Services by Women and Professionals: A Rapid Review [2025]
  • Social Science & Medicine
    • Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of models of maternity care for women from migrant and refugee backgrounds in high-income countries: A systematic review [2024]
• Iceland
  • Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica
    • Challenges in migrant women’s maternity care in a high-income country: A population-based cohort study of maternal and perinatal outcomes [2021]
• India
  • Annals of Global Health
    • Coverage of Quality Maternal and Newborn Healthcare Services in India: Examining Dropouts, Disparity and Determinants [2022]
  • BMC Health Services Research
    • Predictors of the utilisation of continuum of maternal health care services in India [2022]
    • Inefficiency, heterogeneity and spillover effects in maternal care in India: a spatial stochastic frontier analysis [2015]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Measurement and mapping of maternal health service coverage through a novel composite index: a sub-national level analysis in India [2022]
    • Maternal health care service utilization among young married women in India, 1992–2016: trends and determinants [2021]
  • BMJ Open
    • Trends in the utilisation of maternal and child healthcare services from the public and private health sectors in India, 2005-2021: an analysis of cross-sectional survey data [2025]
    • Is economic inequality in maternal and child healthcare decreasing in India? Trends between 2005-2006, 2015-2016 and 2019-2021 [2025]
    • Population-level trends over a decade in geographical inequality for opportunity in access to maternal care services: a cross-sectional analysis from the National Family Health Surveys in India [2024]
  • Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences
    • Has Muslim Got Benefited from the National Health Mission? A Situational Analysis of Maternal Health Services in India [2020]
  • Human Resources for Health
    • Does engagement with frontline health workers improve maternal and child healthcare utilisation and outcomes in India? [2021]
  • International Journal for Equity in Health
    • Horizontal inequity in the utilisation of Continuum of Maternal Health care Services (CMHS) in India: an investigation of ten years of National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) [2022]
  • Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition
    • What does quality of care mean for maternal health providers from two vulnerable states of India? Case study of Bihar and Jharkhand [2016]
  • Ministry of Health and Family Welfare India
    • Guidelines on Operationalization of Midwifery Units [2023]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Referrals between Public Sector Health Institutions for Women with Obstetric High Risk, Complications, or Emergencies in India – A Systematic Review [2016]
    • High Spending on Maternity Care in India: What Are the Factors Explaining It? [2016]
  • Public Health Reviews
    • Social determinants of maternal health: a scoping review of factors influencing maternal mortality and maternal health service use in India [2020]
  • Scientific Reports
    • Trends and determinants of maternal health services utilization in India from 2015 to 2021 [2025]
• Indonesia
  • BMC Public Health
    • The determinant of health insurance ownership among pregnant women in Indonesia [2021]
  • BMJ Open
    • Optimal utilization of maternal health service in Indonesia: a cross-sectional study of Riskesdas 2018 [2023]
  • F1000Research
    • Determinants of maternal healthcare service utilisation among Indonesian mothers: A population-based study [2022]
  • Family Medicine and Community Health
    • Continuity of maternal healthcare services utilisation in Indonesia: analysis of determinants from the Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey [2021]
  • International Journal of Women's Health
    • Trends and inequities in use of maternal health care services in Indonesia, 1986–2012 [2018]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Analysis of antenatal care, intranatal care and postnatal care utilization: Findings from the 2017 Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey [2021]
• International
  • BMC Medicine
    • Prevention and control of non-communicable diseases in antenatal, intrapartum, and postnatal care: a systematic scoping review of clinical practice guidelines since 2011 [2022]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Human-centered design and maternity care: is this a possible interplay?-a systematic review [2025]
    • Geographic information system for improving maternal and newborn health: recommendations for policy and programs [2017]
    • Scaling up quality care for mothers and newborns around the time of birth: an overview of methods and analyses of intervention-specific bottlenecks and solutions [2015]
  • BMJ Open
    • Self-care interventions for preconception, antenatal, intrapartum and postpartum care: a scoping review [2023]
  • Gaceta Sanitaria
    • An overview of the implementation of the continuity of care model in maternal health services: A literature review [2021]
  • Implementation Science
    • Expanding the evidence base for global recommendations on health systems: strengths and challenges of the OptimizeMNH guidance process [2016]
  • International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics
    • Childbirth: A Bill of Rights [2021]
  • Lancet Global Health
    • Measuring quality of care for all women and newborns: how do we know if we are doing it right? A review of facility assessment tools [2019]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Barriers and enablers for implementation of clinical practice guidelines in maternity and neonatal settings: A rapid review [2024]
  • Reproductive Health
    • Implementation, effectiveness, and barriers of obstetric triage in reducing waiting time: a scoping review [2025]
  • United Nations Population Fund
    • The State of the World's Midwifery 2021 [2021]
    • Implementation Manual for Developing a National Network of Maternity Units [2020]
• Iran
  • Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal
    • Improving the health status of Afghan mothers living in the Islamic Republic of Iran [2023]
• Iraq
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Quality of maternal and newborn health care at private hospitals in Iraq: a cross-sectional study [2023]
• Ireland
  • Department of Health Ireland
    • Stratification of clinical risk in pregnancy [2020]
    • Clinical Handover in Maternity Services [2020]
    • Irish Maternity Early Warning System (IMEWS) Version 2 [2019]
  • Health Information and Quality Authority
    • Guide to maternity standards monitoring programme - revised [2019]
    • National Standards for Safer Better Maternity Services [2016]
  • Ireland's Health Services
    • Maternity Safety Statements
  • Journal of Clinical Epidemiology
    • ADAPTE with modified Delphi supported developing a National Clinical Guideline: stratification of clinical risk in pregnancy [2022]
• Jordan
  • Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare
    • Evaluation of maternal and newborn health services in Jordan [2018]
• Kenya
  • BMJ Global Health
    • Impact of free maternity policies in Kenya: an interrupted time-series analysis [2021]
  • BMJ Open
    • Examining the quality of care across the continuum of maternal care (antenatal, perinatal and postnatal care) under the expanded free maternity policy (Linda Mama Policy) in Kenya: a mixed-methods study [2024]
  • International Journal of Health Policy and Management
    • Examining the Implementation of the Free Maternity Services Policy in Kenya: A Mixed Methods Process Evaluation [2018]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Quality of maternity care and its determinants along the continuum in Kenya: A structural equation modeling analysis [2017]
• Laos
  • BMC Public Health
    • Trends of socioeconomic inequality in using maternal health care services in Lao People’s Democratic Republic from year 2000 to 2012 [2018]
  • World Health Organization
    • Investing the marginal dollar for maternal and newborn health: geographic accessibility analysis for emergency obstetric care services in Lao People's Democratic Republic [2016]
• Lesotho
  • PLoS ONE
    • Comprehensive Approach to Improving Maternal Health and Achieving MDG 5: Report from the Mountains of Lesotho [2012]
• Low and middle income countries
  • Annals of Global Health
    • Impact of Private Sector Delivery of Quality Care on Maternal, Newborn, and Child Health Outcomes in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review [2025]
    • Maternity Waiting Home Interventions as a Strategy for Improving Birth Outcomes: A Scoping Review and Meta-Analysis [2022]
  • BMC Health Services Research
    • Effective coverage of maternal and neonatal healthcare services in low-and middle-income countries: a scoping review [2024]
    • Social capital and maternal and child health services uptake in low- and middle-income countries: mixed methods systematic review [2021]
    • Assessment of facility readiness for implementing the WHO/UNICEF standards for improving quality of maternal and newborn care in health facilities – experiences from UNICEF’s implementation in three countries of South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa [2018]
  • BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making
    • Effect of short message service reminders in improving optimal antenatal care, skilled birth attendance and postnatal care in low-and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2024]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Effects of demand-side financing on utilisation, experiences and outcomes of maternity care in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review [2014]
    • Cost-effectiveness of strategies to improve the utilization and provision of maternal and newborn health care in low-income and lower-middle-income countries: a systematic review [2014]
  • BMC Public Health
    • Interventions to enhance healthcare utilisation among pregnant women to reduce maternal mortality in low- and middle-income countries: a review of systematic reviews [2023]
  • BMC Women's Health
    • Key barriers to the provision and utilization of maternal health services in low-and lower-middle-income countries; a scoping review [2024]
  • BMJ Global Health
    • Design, coverage and utilisation of maternity conditional cash programmes in low- and middle-income countries: a scoping review [2025]
  • BMJ Open
    • Capacity and quality of maternal and child health services delivery at the subnational primary healthcare level in relation to intermediate health outputs: a cross-sectional study of 12 low-income and middle-income countries [2023]
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • Private sector quality interventions to improve maternal and newborn health in low- and middle-income countries: a scoping review [2025]
    • Inequity in uptake of maternal health care services in developing countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2024]
  • Global Health Action
    • Strategies for improving health care seeking for maternal and newborn illnesses in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2016]
    • Assessing emergency obstetric care provision in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review of the application of global guidelines [2016]
    • The use of cell phones and radio communication systems to reduce delays in getting help for pregnant women in low- and middle-income countries: a scoping review [2015]
  • Healthcare
    • Challenges in Maternal and Child Health Services Delivery and Access during Pandemics or Public Health Disasters in Low-and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review [2021]
  • Implementation Science
    • Barriers and enablers to guideline implementation strategies to improve obstetric care practice in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review of qualitative evidence [2016]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Utilisation of Skilled Birth Attendant in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Trajectories and Key Sociodemographic Factors [2021]
  • Journal of Global Health
    • Maternal health policy environment and the relationship with service utilization in low- and middle-income countries [2023]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Understanding service users and other stakeholders' engagement in maternal and newborn health services research: A systematic review of evidence from low- and middle-income countries [2024]
  • Rural and Remote Health
    • Access to maternal health services for Indigenous women in low- and middle-income countries: an updated integrative review of the literature from 2018 to 2023 [2024]
  • Systematic Reviews
    • Utilization of maternal healthcare services in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2025]
  • Women's Health
    • Women decision-making autonomy on maternal health service and associated factors in low- and middle-income countries: Systematic review and meta-analysis [2022]
• Low-income countries
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Maternal health interventions in resource limited countries: a systematic review of packages, impacts and factors for change [2011]
• Malawi
  • BMC Health Services Research
    • Ending preventable maternal deaths in Malawi: the stakeholders consensus approach to identify maternal health needs priorities [2025]
  • World Health Organization
    • Investing the marginal dollar for maternal and newborn health: geographic accessibility analysis for emergency obstetric care services in Malawi [2016]
• Mali
  • BMJ Open
    • Individual and contextual factors associated with maternal healthcare utilisation in Mali: a cross-sectional study using Demographic and Health Survey data [2022]
• Mexico
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Measuring progress in maternal and newborn health care in Mexico: validating indicators of health system contact and quality of care [2016]
  • PLoS ONE
    • A Performance Analysis of Public Expenditure on Maternal Health in Mexico [2016]
• Mozambique
  • BMJ Global Health
    • Inequalities and factors associated with maternal healthcare services utilisation in Mozambique: evidence from the Demographic and Health Survey 2022-2023 [2025]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Factors Associated with Underutilization of Maternity Health Care Cascade in Mozambique: Analysis of the 2015 National Health Survey [2022]
• Myanmar
  • BMC Health Services Research
    • Maternal and child health voucher scheme in Myanmar: a review of early stage implementation [2016]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Determinants of institutional maternity services utilization in Myanmar [2022]
• Nepal
  • BioMed Research International
    • Trends and Inequalities in Use of Maternal Health Care Services in Nepal: Strategy in the Search for Improvements [2017]
  • BMC Public Health
    • Trends in national and subnational wealth related inequalities in use of maternal health care services in Nepal: an analysis using demographic and health surveys (2001–2016) [2021]
    • Intersectional (in) equities in contact coverage of maternal and newborn health services in Nepal: insights from a nationwide cross-sectional household survey [2021]
  • BMJ Global Health
    • Spatial profiling of geographical accessibility to maternal healthcare and coverage of maternal health service utilisation in Nepal: a geospatial analysis based on demographic and health survey [2025]
  • Demographic and Health Surveys
    • Equity Analysis of Maternal Health Services in Nepal: Trends and Determinants, 2011–2022 Nepal DHS Surveys [2024]
  • International Journal of Public Health
    • Investigating Health Inequality Using Trend, Decomposition and Spatial Analyses: A Study of Maternal Health Service Use in Nepal [2023]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Continuum of care for maternal and newborn health services in Nepal: An analysis from demographic and health survey 2022 [2025]
    • Basic emergency obstetric and newborn care service availability and readiness in Nepal: Analysis of the 2015 Nepal Health Facility Survey [2021]
  • Public Health Reviews
    • Improving maternal health services through social accountability interventions in Nepal: an analytical review of existing literature [2020]
  • Reproductive Health
    • High coverage but low quality of maternal and newborn health services in the coverage cascade: who is benefitted and left behind in accessing better quality health services in Nepal? [2022]
• Netherlands
  • PLoS ONE
    • Maternal characteristics associated with referral to obstetrician-led care in low-risk pregnant women in the Netherlands: A retrospective cohort study [2023]
    • Geographical, Ethnic and Socio-Economic Differences in Utilization of Obstetric Care in the Netherlands [2016]
• New Zealand
  • Health New Zealand
    • HISO 10050:2023 Maternity Care Summary Standard [2023]
    • Guidelines for Consultation with Obstetric and Related Medical Services (Referral Guidelines) [2023]
    • Maternity
  • Ministry of Health New Zealand
    • Evaluation Report: Pregnancy and Parenting Services [2022]
• Nigeria
  • BMC Health Services Research
    • Assessment of quality of maternal and newborn care and its determinants: a national study of primary health care facilities in Nigeria [2025]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Coverage-level and predictors of maternity continuum of care in Nigeria: implications for maternal, newborn and child health programming [2023]
    • Patterns and determinants of dropout from maternity care continuum in Nigeria [2016]
  • BMC Public Health
    • Maternal and child health interventions in Nigeria: a systematic review of published studies from 1990 to 2014 [2015]
  • BMC Women's Health
    • Is there a link between the autonomy of women and maternal healthcare utilization in Nigeria? A cross-sectional survey [2023]
  • BMJ Open
    • Multivariate decomposition of trends, inequalities and predictors of skilled birth attendants utilisation in Nigeria (1990-2018): a cross-sectional analysis of change drivers [2022]
    • Factors consistently associated with utilisation of essential maternal and child health services in Nigeria: analysis of the five Nigerian national household surveys (2003-2018) [2022]
  • Pan African Medical Journal
    • National and subnational variations in gender relations and the utilization of maternal healthcare services in Nigeria [2022]
    • Determinants of antenatal care, institutional delivery and postnatal care services utilization in Nigeria [2015]
• Norway
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Use of non-governmental maternity services and pregnancy outcomes among undocumented women: a cohort study from Norway [2022]
• Pakistan
  • Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine
    • Bayesian Analysis of Trends in Utilization of Maternal Healthcare Services in Pakistan during 2006-2018 [2021]
  • Conflict and Health
    • Impact of service provision platforms on maternal and newborn health in conflict areas and their acceptability in Pakistan: a systematic review [2015]
  • Health Research Policy and Systems
    • Who is excluded and how? An analysis of community spaces for maternal and child health in Pakistan [2015]
• Papua New Guinea
  • BMJ Open
    • Readiness of health facilities to provide emergency obstetric care in Papua New Guinea: evidence from a cross-sectional survey [2022]
  • Global Health: Science and Practice
    • National Politics' Role in Developing Primary Health Care Policy for Maternal Health in Papua New Guinea: A Qualitative Document Analysis [2024]
• Poland
  • Midwifery
    • The "Blessing" of Pregnancy? Barriers to accessing adequate maternal care in Poland: A mixed-method study among women, healthcare providers, and decision-makers [2023]
• Republic of Guinea
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Evaluation of maternal and child care continuum in Guinea: a secondary analysis of two demographic and health surveys using the composite coverage index (CCI) [2023]
  • Risk Management and Healthcare Policy
    • Realizing universal health coverage for maternal health services in the Republic of Guinea: the use of workforce projections to design health labor market interventions [2014]
• Republic of Korea
  • BMJ Open
    • Is limited access to obstetric services associated with adverse birth outcomes? A cross-sectional study of Korean national birth data [2022]
• Rwanda
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Evaluating continuum of maternal and newborn healthcare in Rwanda: evidence from the 2019-2020 Rwanda demographic health survey [2022]
  • BMJ Global Health
    • Temporal trends in coverage, quality and equity of maternal and child health services in Rwanda, 2000–2015 [2020]
• Senegal
  • Tropical Medicine & International Health
    • Stability of healthcare quality measures for maternal and child services: Analysis of the continuous service provision assessment of health facilities in Senegal, 2012-2018 [2022]
• Sierra Leone
  • BMC Health Services Research
    • Measuring coverage of maternal and child health services using routine health facility data: a Sierra Leone case study [2021]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Inequalities in maternal healthcare use in Sierra Leone: Evidence from the 2008-2019 Demographic and Health Surveys [2022]
• South Africa
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Growing inequities in maternal health in South Africa: a comparison of serial national household surveys [2016]
  • National Department of Health South Africa
    • National Integrated Maternal and Perinatal Care Guidelines for South Africa [2024]
    • Guidelines for Maternity Care in South Africa [2016]
• South Asia
  • Globalization and Health
    • Approaches towards improving the quality of maternal and newborn health services in South Asia: challenges and opportunities for healthcare systems [2018]
• South Pacific
  • Maternal and Child Health Journal
    • Alternative measures of spatial distribution and availability of health facilities for the delivery of emergency obstetric services in island communities [2014]
• South-East Asia
  • International Journal for Equity in Health
    • Inequity of maternal-child health services in ASEAN member states from 1993 to 2021 [2023]
  • Sexual & Reproductive Healthcare
    • The utilization of maternal health services at primary healthcare setting in Southeast Asian Countries: A systematic review of the literature [2022]
• Sri Lanka
  • Ceylon Medical Journal
    • Maternal health in Sri Lanka: 75 years of national commitment towards excellence [2023]
• Sub-Saharan Africa
  • BMC Health Services Research
    • Continuum of care for maternal, newborn, and child health in 17 sub-Saharan African countries [2022]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Exploring evidence of healthcare-seeking pathways for maternal complications in Sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping review [2025]
    • Effect of pregnancy intention on completion of maternity continuum of care in Sub-Saharan Africa: systematic review and meta-analysis [2024]
    • Coverage and factors associated with completion of continuum of care for maternal health in sub-Saharan Africa: a multicountry analysis [2022]
    • Quality of care in the free maternal healthcare era in sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping review of providers’ and managers’ perceptions [2021]
    • Quality and women’s satisfaction with maternal referral practices in sub-Saharan African low and lower-middle income countries: a systematic review [2020]
  • BMJ Open
    • Maternal healthcare utilsation and complete childhood vaccination in sub-Saharan Africa: a cross-sectional study of 29 nationally representative surveys [2021]
  • International Health
    • Towards achievement of Sustainable Development Goal 3: multilevel analyses of demographic and health survey data on health insurance coverage and maternal healthcare utilisation in sub-Saharan Africa [2023]
  • JMIR mHealth and uHealth
    • Evaluating the Adoption of mHealth Technologies by Community Health Workers to Improve the Use of Maternal Health Services in Sub-Saharan Africa: Systematic Review [2024]
  • Journal of Global Health
    • Utilisation and associated socio-demographic factors related to the maternal continuum of care in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2024]
  • PLoS ONE
    • The mHealth clinical decision-making tools for maternal and perinatal health care in Sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review [2025]
    • Mathematical modelling to estimate the impact of maternal and perinatal healthcare services and interventions on health in sub-Saharan Africa: A scoping review [2024]
    • Association between frequency of mass media exposure and maternal health care service utilization among women in sub-Saharan Africa: Implications for tailored health communication and education [2022]
    • Women empowerment and skilled birth attendance in sub-Saharan Africa: A multi-country analysis [2021]
• Sweden
  • BMC Health Services Research
    • Improving care for immigrant women before, during, and after childbirth - what can we learn from regional interventions within a national program in Sweden? [2022]
• Tanzania
  • Anthropologies of Global Maternal and Reproductive Health
    • The “Sustainability Doctrine” in Donor-Driven Maternal Health Programs in Tanzania [2022]
  • BMC Health Services Research
    • Governing the implementation of Emergency Obstetric Care: experiences of Rural District Health Managers, Tanzania [2014]
  • BMC Public Health
    • Subnational variation for care at birth in Tanzania: is this explained by place, people, money or drugs? [2016]
  • BMJ Open
    • Health facility service availability and readiness to provide basic emergency obstetric and newborn care in a low-resource setting: evidence from a Tanzania National Survey [2019]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Multilevel analysis of dropout from maternal continuum of care and its associated factors: Evidence from 2022 Tanzania Demographic and Health Survey [2024]
    • Addressing the huge poor–rich gap of inequalities in accessing safe childbirth care: A first step to achieving universal maternal health coverage in Tanzania [2021]
    • Enhancing Maternal and Perinatal Health in Under-Served Remote Areas in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Tanzanian Model [2016]
• Togo
  • BMJ Open
    • National optimisation of accessibility to emergency obstetrical and neonatal care in Togo: a geospatial analysis [2021]
  • Reproductive Health
    • Socio-economic and cultural factors associated with the utilization of maternal healthcare services in Togo: a cross-sectional study [2023]
• Turkey
  • Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal
    • Mother-friendly hospital programme of Turkey: national intervention to improve the quality of maternity services [2021]
• Uganda
  • BMC Health Services Research
    • Can routine health facility data be used to monitor subnational coverage of maternal, newborn and child health services in Uganda? [2021]
    • Determinants of maternal health services utilization in Uganda [2015]
  • Ministry of Health Uganda
    • Implementation Guide for Maternity High Dependency Unit (HDU) Set Up And Functionalisation [2023]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Continuum of care for maternal health in Uganda: A national cross-sectional study [2022]
  • Reproductive Health
    • Female education and maternal health care utilization: evidence from Uganda [2022]
• United Kingdom
  • BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology
    • Use of induction of labour and emergency caesarean section and perinatal outcomes in English maternity services: a national hospital-level study [2022]
    • Developing a set of consensus indicators to support maternity service quality improvement: using Core Outcome Set methodology including a Delphi process [2018]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Incident reviews in UK maternity units: a systematic appraisal of the quality of local guidelines [2015]
  • BMJ Open
    • Costing the impact of interventions during pregnancy in the UK: a systematic review of economic evaluations [2020]
  • BMJ Quality & Safety
    • Quality and reporting of large-scale improvement programmes: a review of maternity initiatives in the English NHS, 2010-2023 [2024]
  • Care Quality Commission
    • Maternity survey 2023 [2024]
  • Department of Health and Social Care
    • Safer maternity care: progress and next steps
    • Safer maternity care
    • Maternity care facilities: planning and design (HBN 09-02)
  • Journal of Advanced Nursing
    • Black, Asian and minority ethnic women's experiences of maternity services in the UK: A qualitative evidence synthesis [2022]
  • Midwifery
    • Challenging norms: Making non-normative choices in childbearing. Results of a meta ethnographic review of the literature [2023]
    • Preparedness for maternal and neonatal emergencies in UK midwifery units: A national survey using the UK Midwifery Study System (UKMidSS) [2022]
  • National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
    • Safe midwifery staffing for maternity settings [2015]
    • Maternity services
  • NHS Digital
    • Maternity Services Monthly Statistics
  • NHS England
    • Three year delivery plan for maternity and neonatal services [2023]
    • Three year delivery plan for maternity and neonatal care technical guidance [2023]
    • Maternity and neonatal voices partnership guidance [2023]
    • Equity and equality: Guidance for local maternity systems [2021]
    • Transforming perinatal safety [2020]
    • Implementing a revised perinatal quality surveillance model [2020]
    • Maternity DMA Report – Digital Maturity Assessment of Maternity Services in England 2018: Supporting documents [2018]
    • Maternity DMA Report – Digital Maturity Assessment of Maternity Services in England 2018 [2018]
    • Implementing Better Births: A resource pack for Local Maternity Systems [2017]
    • Maternity Transformation Programme
  • PLoS ONE
    • Local guidelines for admission to UK midwifery units compared with national guidance: A national survey using the UK Midwifery Study System (UKMidSS) [2020]
    • External validity of prevalence estimates from the national maternity surveys in England: The impact of response rate [2020]
  • Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Maternity Triage [2023]
    • Providing quality care for women: a framework for maternity service standards [2016]
  • Scottish Government
    • Maternity Care Survey
  • Society for Acute Medicine
    • Provision of acute medicine services for pregnant women in UK hospitals: Data from the Society for Acute Medicine Benchmarking Audit 2019 [2021]
  • UK Parliament
    • Quality and safety of maternity care (England) [2025]
  • Welsh Government
    • Maternity Care in Wales [2019]
  • WISDOM
    • All Wales Midwifery-Led Care Guideline [2022]
• United States
  • American Academy of Pediatrics
    • Maternal-Fetal Intervention and Fetal Care Centers [2011]
  • American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
    • Levels of Maternal Care [2019]
    • Hospital Disaster Preparedness for Obstetricians and Facilities Providing Maternity Care [2017]
    • Hospital-Based Triage of Obstetric Patients [2016]
  • American Family Physician
    • Family Physicians Providing Obstetric Care in Maternity Care Deserts [2022]
  • American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology
    • Obstetric Care Consensus #9: Levels of Maternal Care [2019]
    • US and territory telemedicine policies: identifying gaps in perinatal care [2016]
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • A scoping review of maternal health among resettled refugee women in the United States [2023]
  • Health Services Research
    • Perinatal care among Hispanic birthing people: Differences by primary language and state policy environment [2024]
  • JAMA Health Forum
    • Maternity Care Deserts in the US [2023]
  • Journal of Perinatology
    • United States and territory policies supporting maternal and neonatal transfer: review of transport and reimbursement [2015]
  • Maternal and Child Health Journal
    • Shackling and pregnancy care policies in US prisons and jails [2023]
  • Medical Care
    • Mapping the Location of Health Centers in Relation to “Maternity Care Deserts” [2021]
  • Obstetrics & Gynecology
    • Rural and Urban Differences in Insurance Coverage at Prepregnancy, Birth, and Postpartum [2023]
  • Seminars in Reproductive Medicine
    • Impact of Digital Health Interventions on Birth Equity: A Review [2024]
  • Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine
    • Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine Special Statement: Transforming the maternity care team model [2025]
    • Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine Special Statement: Utilizing telemedicine to address disparities in maternal-fetal medicine: a call to policy action [2024]
    • Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine Special Statement: Clinical quality measures in obstetrics [2024]
    • Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine Special Statement: A maternal transport briefing form and checklist [2020]
    • SMFM Special Statement: Who’s who in patient safety and quality for maternal healthcare in the United States [2020]
    • SMFM Special Statement: The Affordable Care Act’s foundation of coverage: essential health benefits are essential [2019]
    • The development and implementation of checklists in obstetrics [2017]
    • Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine (SMFM) Special Report: Current approaches to measuring quality of care in obstetrics [2016]
• Vietnam
  • Global Health Action
    • Multiple vulnerabilities and maternal healthcare in Vietnam: findings from the Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys, 2000, 2006, and 2011 [2016]
  • International Journal of Health Policy and Management
    • Shaping the Health Policy Agenda: The Case of Safe Motherhood Policy in Vietnam [2015]
  • Journal of Rural Medicine : JRM
    • Trends in inequalities in utilization of reproductive health services from 2000 to 2011 in Vietnam [2015]
• WHO
  • World Health Organization
    • Implementation guidance on transitioning to midwifery models of care [2025]
    • Transitioning to midwifery models of care: global position paper [2024]
    • List of key WHO-recommended maternal and newborn health commodities [2024]
    • Integrated quality of hospital care assessment and improvement tool for maternal and neonatal health [2024]
    • Engaging the private sector in delivering quality maternal, newborn and child health services [2024]
    • Global progress report on WASH in health care facilities: Fundamentals first [2021]
    • Strengthening quality midwifery education for Universal Health Coverage 2030: Framework for action [2019]
    • Strengthening quality midwifery education: WHO meeting report, July 25-26, 2016: in support of Global strategy for women’s, children’s and adolescents’ health 2016–30, Global strategy for human resources for health: workforce 2030 [2017]
    • Standards for improving quality of maternal and newborn care in health facilities [2016]
    • Midwives voices, midwives realities. Findings from a global consultation on providing quality midwifery care [2016]
    • The World Health Organization Multicountry Survey on Maternal and Newborn Health project at a glance: the power of collaboration [2014]
    • WHO Recommendations: Optimizing Health Worker Roles to Improve Access to Key Maternal and Newborn Health Interventions Through Task Shifting [2012]
    • The World Health Organization multicountry survey on maternal and newborn health: study protocol [2011]
    • Strengthening midwifery toolkit [2011]
    • Accelerated implementation of maternal and newborn continuum of care as part of improving reproductive health: mapping of in-country activities: joint country support [2010]
    • Monitoring emergency obstetric care : a handbook [2009]
    • Standards for Maternal and Neonatal care [2007]
    • The effect of maternal–newborn ill-health on households: economic vulnerability and social implications [2006]
    • The costs of maternal–newborn illness and mortality [2006]
    • Impact on economic growth of investing in maternal–newborn health [2006]
• WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region
  • WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region
    • Summary report on the regional training workshop on promoting maternal and newborn health quality of care, Rabat, Morocco 5–7 December 2016 [2017]
• WHO South-East Asia Region
  • WHO South-East Asia Region
    • Regional Strategic Directions for strengthening Midwifery in the South-East Asia Region 2020–2024 [2020]
• WHO Western Pacific Region
  • WHO Western Pacific Region
    • Maternal health care : policies, technical standards and services accessibility in eight countries in the Western Pacific Region [2018]
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Obstetrics, perinatology
    • Antenatal care

Medications in pregnancy

• Australia
  • Australian Journal of General Practice
    • Critical caveats in using product information/pregnancy categories for pregnant or breastfeeding patients [2018]
  • Department of Health, Disability and Ageing
    • Prescribing medicines in pregnancy database
  • Lancet Regional Health – Western Pacific
    • How the structural determinants of health inequities impact access to prescription medication for pregnant women in Australia: a narrative review [2023]
• Brazil
  • PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
    • The organization, weaknesses, and challenges of the control of thalidomide in Brazil: A review [2020]
• Cameroon
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • First trimester medication use in pregnancy in Cameroon: a multi-hospital survey [2018]
• Canada
  • Canadian Family Physician
    • Safety of tacrolimus in pregnancy [2014]
    • FDA pregnancy risk categories and the CPS: Do they help or are they a hindrance? [2010]
  • Perinatal Services BC
    • Medications, Over-the-Counter Drugs, Herbals, and Vitamins
• Canada, United States
  • Organization of Teratology Information Specialists
    • MotherToBaby Fact Sheets
• Denmark
  • Journal of the National Cancer Institute
    • Medication-Associated Phthalate Exposure and Childhood Cancer Incidence [2022]
• Developed countries
  • Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety
    • Prescription drug use during pregnancy in developed countries: a systematic review [2011]
• Ethiopia
  • SAGE Open Medicine
    • Prescription drugs use during pregnancy in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2020]
• Europe
  • EUROCAT
    • EUROmediCAT signal detection: an evaluation of selected congenital anomaly-medication associations [2016]
    • EUROmediCAT signal detection: a systematic method for identifying potential teratogenic medication [2016]
    • Improving Information on Maternal Medication Use by Linking Prescription Data to Congenital Anomaly Registers: A EUROmediCAT Study [2015]
    • EUROmediCAT Recommendations for European Pharmacovigilance concerning safety of medication use in pregnancy [2015]
  • European Medicines Agency
    • SWP/NcWP recommendations on the duration of contraception following the end of treatment with a genotoxic drug [2023]
    • Guideline of good pharmacovigilance practices (GVP) - Product- or population-specific considerations III: pregnant and breastfeeding women [2019]
    • ICH S5 (R3) Guideline on detection of reproductive and developmental toxicity for human pharmaceuticals - Scientific guideline
  • MUMS
    • Mothers Using Medicines Safely
  • PLoS ONE
    • An inventory of European data sources to support pharmacoepidemiologic research on neurodevelopmental outcomes in children following medication exposure in pregnancy: A contribution from the ConcePTION project [2022]
• Europe, United States
  • Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics
    • Assuring Access to Safe Medicines in Pregnancy and Breastfeeding [2021]
• France
  • Drug Safety
    • Dispensing of Potentially Harmful Prescription Drugs in 1.8 Million Pregnant Women in France: A Nationwide Study Based on Two Risk Classification Systems [2021]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Birth Outcomes in DES Children and Grandchildren: A Multigenerational National Cohort Study on Informative Families [2023]
• Germany
  • Deutsches Ärzteblatt International
    • The Use of Medication in Pregnancy [2019]
• International
  • Birth Defects Research
    • Risk management of teratogenic medicines: A systematic review [2020]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Prenatal exposure to psychotropics and analgesics on cognitive, linguistic and educational outcomes - a scoping review with focus on validity and reliability of outcome measures [2025]
    • Interventions to enhance medication adherence in pregnancy- a systematic review [2023]
  • BMJ Open
    • Prevalence of polypharmacy in pregnancy: a systematic review [2023]
  • JAMA Network Open
    • Association of Chemotherapy Timing in Pregnancy With Congenital Malformation [2021]
  • Journal of Family & Reproductive Health
    • Knowledge, Information Sources, and Institutional Trust of Patients Regarding Medication Use in Pregnancy: A Systematic Review [2021]
  • Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases
    • Medication use during pregnancy and the risk of gastroschisis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies [2024]
  • Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia
    • Self-medication among pregnant women in comparison to the general population: a scoping review of the main characteristics [2024]
  • Seminars in Perinatology
    • Epidemiology of Medications Use in Pregnancy [2015]
  • Therapeutic Innovation & Regulatory Science
    • Regulations Governing Medicines for Maternal and Neonatal Health: A Landscape Assessment [2024]
• Italy
  • Annali dell'Istituto Superiore di Sanità
    • Medication prescriptions before, during and after pregnancy in Italy: a population-based study [2021]
  • Frontiers in Pharmacology
    • The Italian Network for Monitoring Medication Use During Pregnancy (MoM-Net): Experience and Perspectives [2021]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Drug Prescriptions among Italian and Immigrant Pregnant Women Resident in Italy: A Cross-Sectional Population-Based Study [2022]
• Japan
  • Global Health & Medicine
    • The advances in dealing with the safety of medicated drugs in pregnancy [2021]
• Middle East
  • Oman Medical Journal
    • Herbal Medicines Use During Pregnancy: A Review from the Middle East [2015]
• Netherlands
  • British Journal of General Practice
    • GPs' awareness of pregnancy: trends and association with hazardous medication use [2023]
• New Zealand
  • PLoS ONE
    • Patterns of prescription medicine dispensing before and during pregnancy in New Zealand, 2005–2015 [2020]
• Norway
  • BMJ Open
    • Longitudinal changes in neurodevelopmental outcomes between 18 and 36 months in children with prenatal triptan exposure: findings from the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study [2016]
• Republic of Korea
  • Journal of Korean Medical Science
    • Real-World Utilization Patterns of Oral Corticosteroids During Pregnancy: A Nationwide Population-Based Study in Korea [2025]
  • PLoS Medicine
    • Neonatal and maternal adverse outcomes and exposure to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs during early pregnancy in South Korea: A nationwide cohort study [2023]
• Spain
  • BMJ Open
    • Drug exposure during pregnancy in primary care: an algorithm and observational study from SIDIAP database, Catalunya, Spain [2023]
• Sub-Saharan Africa
  • Inquiry
    • Traditional Medicine Utilisation Among Pregnant Women in Sub-saharan African Countries: A Systematic Review of Literature [2022]
• Suriname
  • Advances in Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety
    • Prevalence and safety of prescription medicine use during pregnancy in the Republic of Suriname in the year 2017: a pharmacoepidemiological analysis [2021]
• Sweden
  • Clinical Epidemiology
    • Drug use during pregnancy in Sweden – assessed by the Prescribed Drug Register and the Medical Birth Register [2011]
  • Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology
    • Detection of major congenital malformations depends on length of follow-up in Swedish National Health Register Data: Implications for pharmacoepidemiological research on medication safety in pregnancy [2024]
• Switzerland
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Use of Prescribed Drugs to Treat Chronic Diseases during Pregnancy in Outpatient Care in Switzerland between 2014 and 2018: Descriptive Analysis of Swiss Health Care Claims Data [2022]
  • Swiss Medical Weekly
    • Dispensed drugs during pregnancy in outpatient care between 2015 and 2021 in Switzerland: a retrospective analysis of Swiss healthcare claims data [2024]
    • Queries on medication use during pregnancy: characterisation of the Swiss Teratogen Information Service database [2022]
    • Use of drugs to treat symptoms and acute conditions during pregnancy in outpatient care in Switzerland between 2014 and 2018: analysis of Swiss healthcare claims data [2021]
• United Kingdom
  • BMJ Open
    • Women's experiences of over-the-counter and prescription medication during pregnancy in the UK: findings from survey free-text responses and narrative interviews [2023]
  • Department of Health and Social Care
    • Report of the Commission on Human Medicines Expert Working Group on Optimising Data on Medicines used During Pregnancy [2021]
    • CHM ad hoc Expert Group: Evaluation of systematic review and meta-analysis of studies on oral Hormone Pregnancy Tests by Heneghan et al [2019]
    • Report of the Commission on Human Medicines’ Expert Working Group on Hormone Pregnancy Tests [2017]
  • Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency
    • Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): potential risks following prolonged use after 20 weeks of pregnancy [2023]
    • Medicines with teratogenic potential: what is effective contraception and how often is pregnancy testing needed? [2019]
    • Use of medicines in pregnancy and breastfeeding
    • Safer Medicines in Pregnancy and Breastfeeding Consortium
  • NHS Digital
    • Medicines and Pregnancy Registry
  • Reproductive Toxicology
    • Predicting the safety of medicines in pregnancy: A workshop report [2020]
  • Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Developing New Pharmaceutical Treatments for Obstetric Conditions [2015]
  • Scottish Government
    • Teratogenic Medicines Advisory Group
  • Specialist Pharmacy Service
    • Safety in pregnancy
  • UK Parliament
    • Hormone pregnancy tests [2024]
  • UKTIS
    • UKTIS
• United States
  • American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology
    • Prenatal exposure to teratogenic medications in the era of Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategies [2022]
    • Hydroxychloroquine early in pregnancy and risk of birth defects [2021]
  • American Journal of Perinatology
    • Improving Safe and Effective Use of Drugs in Pregnancy and Lactation: Workshop Summary [2017]
  • Birth Defects Research
    • Use of vasoactive medications in pregnancy and the risk of stillbirth among birth defect cases [2022]
    • Maternal exposure to hydroxychloroquine and birth defects [2021]
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Patterns of Prescription Medication Use during the First Trimester of Pregnancy in the United States, 1997-2018 [2023]
    • Medicine and Pregnancy
  • Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology
    • The Need for Safer Medication Use in Pregnancy [2013]
  • Food and Drug Administration
    • Prescription medications for use in pregnancy-perspective from the US Food and Drug Administration [2021]
    • Pregnancy and Lactation Labeling (Drugs) Final Rule [2014]
    • Pregnancy Exposure Registry Information for Health Professionals
  • Frontiers in Pharmacology
    • Drug exposure during pregnancy: Current understanding and approaches to measure maternal-fetal drug exposure [2023]
  • JAMA Network Open
    • Prenatal Care Initiation and Exposure to Teratogenic Medications [2024]
    • Evaluation of Drug Labels Following the 2015 Pregnancy and Lactation Labeling Rule [2020]
  • MotherToBaby
    • Healthcare Professionals
    • Fact Sheets - Pregnancy and Breastfeeding Exposures
  • National Cancer Institute
    • Diethylstilbestrol (DES) Exposure and Cancer
  • PLoS Medicine
    • Gabapentin in pregnancy and the risk of adverse neonatal and maternal outcomes: A population-based cohort study nested in the US Medicaid Analytic eXtract dataset [2020]
  • Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine
    • Prenatal acetaminophen use and outcomes in children [2017]
  • StatPearls
    • Pregnancy Medications
• WHO
  • World Health Organization
    • Guidelines for establishing a poison centre [2021]
• WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region
  • Pharmaceutical Biology
    • Prevalence, motivation, and associated factors of medicinal herbs consumption in pregnant women from Eastern Mediterranean Regional Office: a systematic review [2023]
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Obstetrics, perinatology
    • Medications and breastfeeding

Multiple pregnancy

• Australia
  • NSW Health
    • Maternity - Management of Monochorionic Twin Pregnancy
  • SA Health
    • Multiple Pregnancy
• Australia, New Zealand
  • Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Management of Monochorionic Twin Pregnancy [2021]
• Botswana
  • BMJ Open
    • Prevalence and outcomes of twin pregnancies in Botswana: a national birth outcomes surveillance study [2021]
• Brazil
  • PLoS ONE
    • Twin pregnancy and perinatal outcomes: Data from ‘Birth in Brazil Study’ [2021]
• Canada
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Examining the provisional guidelines for weight gain in twin pregnancies: a retrospective cohort study [2017]
  • Canadian Neonatal Network
    • Neonatal outcomes of twins <29 weeks gestation of mothers with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy [2022]
  • Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada
    • Management of Monochorionic Twin Pregnancies [2023]
    • Management of Dichorionic Twin Pregnancies [2022]
    • Ultrasound in Twin Pregnancies [2017]
    • Prenatal Screening for and Diagnosis of Aneuploidy in Twin Pregnancies [2017]
• China
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Temporal trends and adverse perinatal outcomes of twin pregnancies at differing gestational ages: an observational study from China between 2012-2020 [2022]
  • BMC Public Health
    • Associations between gestational weight gain and adverse neonatal outcomes: a comparison between the US and the Chinese guidelines in Chinese women with twin pregnancies [2023]
• Denmark
  • American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology
    • Triple trouble: uncovering the risks and benefits of early fetal reduction in trichorionic triplets in a large national Danish cohort study [2023]
    • Risks and pregnancy outcome after fetal reduction in dichorionic twin pregnancies: a Danish national retrospective cohort study [2023]
• Eastern and Southern Africa
  • PLoS Medicine
    • National policies and care provision in pregnancy and childbirth for twins in Eastern and Southern Africa: A mixed-methods multi-country study [2019]
• Europe
  • Euro-Peristat
    • Variations in Multiple Birth Rates and Impact on Perinatal Outcomes in Europe [2016]
  • Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology
    • Risk of fetal loss after chorionic villus sampling in twin pregnancy derived from propensity score matching analysis [2022]
• Finland
  • Acta Diabetologica
    • Higher odds of gestational diabetes among women with multiple pregnancies: a nationwide register-based cohort study in Finland [2023]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Maternal complications in twin pregnancies in Finland during 1987–2014: a retrospective study [2019]
• France
  • Maternal & Child Nutrition
    • Gestational weight gain adequacy among twin pregnancies in France [2023]
• High-income countries
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Clinical practice guidelines for the antenatal management of dichorionic diamniotic twin pregnancies: a systematic review [2023]
• India
  • Federation of Obstetric and Gynecological Societies of India
    • Multifetal Pregnancy Management [2024]
  • Society of Fetal Medicine
    • SFM Fetal Therapy Practice Guidelines: Fetal Reduction [2023]
• International
  • European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology
    • Comparison of international guidelines on the management of twin pregnancy [2023]
    • Outcomes in intervention and management of multiple pregnancies trials: A systematic review [2021]
  • European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences
    • Impact of maternal age on perinatal outcomes in twin pregnancies: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2022]
  • International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
    • ISUOG Practice Guidelines: role of ultrasound in twin pregnancy [2016]
  • Journal of Clinical Medicine
    • Review of International Clinical Guidelines Related to Prenatal Screening during Monochorionic Pregnancies [2021]
  • Nutrients
    • Micronutrients in Multiple Pregnancies—The Knowns and Unknowns: A Systematic Review [2021]
  • PLoS Medicine
    • Cervical cerclage for prevention of preterm birth and adverse perinatal outcome in twin pregnancies with short cervical length or cervical dilatation: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2023]
  • Seminars in Perinatology
    • Cord management strategies in multifetal gestational births [2023]
  • Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology
    • Controversies in the management of twin pregnancy [2021]
    • Risk of fetal loss following amniocentesis or chorionic villus sampling in twin pregnancy: systematic review and meta-analysis [2020]
• Japan
  • Journal of Human Genetics
    • Prevalence of common aneuploidy in twin pregnancies [2022]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Time trend analysis of perinatal mortality, stillbirth, and early neonatal mortality of multiple pregnancies for each gestational week from the year 2000 to 2019: A population-based study in Japan [2022]
  • Scientific Reports
    • Application of Japanese guidelines for gestational weight gain to multiple pregnancy outcomes and its optimal range in 101,336 Japanese women [2019]
• Low and middle income countries
  • World Health Organization
    • Mode and timing of twin delivery and perinatal outcomes in low- and middle-income countries: a secondary analysis of the WHO Multicountry Survey on Maternal and Newborn Health [2014]
• Netherlands
  • American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology
    • Working conditions in women with multiple pregnancy-the impact on preterm birth and adherence to guidelines: a prospective cohort study [2023]
• New Zealand
  • Health New Zealand
    • Twin Pregnancy
• Republic of Korea
  • Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology
    • Short-term neonatal and long-term infant outcome of late-preterm twins: nationwide population-based study [2022]
• Sri Lanka
  • Sri Lanka College of Obstetricians & Gynaecologists
    • Gestational age assessment and determination of chorionicity in multiple pregnancy [2013]
• Sweden
  • Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences
    • Maternal, pregnancy and neonatal outcomes in triplet pregnancies in Sweden - a nationwide cohort study [2023]
• Taiwan
  • Pediatrics and Neonatology
    • Nationwide Twin Birth Weight Percentiles by Gestational Age in Taiwan [2015]
• United Kingdom
  • Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica
    • Updated guidance for the management of twin and triplet pregnancies from the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence guidance, UK: What's new that may improve perinatal outcomes? [2020]
  • American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology
    • Noninvasive prenatal screening in twin pregnancies with cell-free DNA using the IONA test: a prospective multicenter study [2021]
  • Health Technology Assessment
    • The Arabin pessary to prevent preterm birth in women with a twin pregnancy and a short cervix: the STOPPIT 2 RCT [2021]
  • National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
    • Twin and triplet pregnancy [2024]
    • Multiple pregnancy: twin and triplet pregnancies [2019]
  • Reproductive Sciences
    • Trends of Selective Fetal Reduction and Selective Termination in Multiple Pregnancy, in England and Wales: a Cross-Sectional Study [2022]
  • Right Decisions
    • Guidelines for the Intrapartum Management of Twin Pregnancies
  • Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Monochorionic Twin Pregnancy, Management – 2024 Partial Update [2025]
  • WISDOM
    • Management of Multiple Pregnancy [2023]
• United States
  • American College of Radiology
    • Multiple Gestations
  • American Society for Reproductive Medicine
    • Multiple gestation associated with infertility therapy: a committee opinion [2022]
    • Multiple Births or Multiple Gestation
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Changes in Twin Births in the United States,2019-2021 [2022]
    • Multiple Births
  • International Journal of Obesity
    • Pregnancy weight gain in twin gestations and maternal and child health outcomes at 5 years [2021]
  • Journal of Perinatology
    • Weight gain in twin gestations: Are the Institute of Medicine guidelines optimal for neonatal outcomes? [2015]
  • National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
    • Accuracy of sonographic chorionicity classification in twin gestations [2014]
  • Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine
    • SMFM Special Statement: Updated checklists for management of monochorionic twin pregnancy [2020]
    • SMFM Special Statement: State of the science on multifetal gestations: unique considerations and importance [2019]
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Obstetrics, perinatology

Musculoskeletal diseases in pregnancy

• Australia
  • Australian Journal of General Practice
    • Pelvic girdle pain in pregnancy [2018]
  • Australian Rheumatology Association
    • Pregnancy Prescribing Info
• Denmark
  • Bone
    • Pregnancy complications and birth outcome in patients with osteogenesis imperfecta - A population-based register study [2024]
• Europe
  • European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology
    • EULAR recommendations for use of antirheumatic drugs in reproduction, pregnancy, and lactation: 2024 update [2025]
    • EULAR recommendations for a core data set for pregnancy registries in rheumatology [2021]
    • The EULAR points to consider for use of antirheumatic drugs before pregnancy, and during pregnancy and lactation [2016]
• Europe, United States
  • Diagnostics
    • Risk Assessment and Optimization for Pregnancy in Patients with Rheumatic Diseases [2024]
• Finland
  • Spine Journal
    • Incidence of lumbar discectomy during pregnancy and within 12 months post-partum in Finland between 1999 and 2017: a retrospective register-based cohort study [2023]
• Germany
  • Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde
    • Management of Rheumatic Diseases During Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Position Paper of the Working Group for Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine in the German Society for Gynecology and Obstetrics e. V. (AGG - Section Maternal Diseases in Pregnancy) [2024]
  • RMD Open
    • Maternal and infant outcomes in pregnancies of women with axial spondyloarthritis compared with matched controls: results from nationwide health insurance data [2022]
• High-income countries
  • PLoS ONE
    • Use of healthcare administrative claims data in observational studies of antirheumatic drug effects on pregnancy outcomes: A scoping review [2025]
  • Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism
    • Pregnancy in women with psoriatic arthritis: A systematic literature review of disease activity and adverse pregnancy outcomes [2021]
• International
  • European Journal of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine
    • The impact of pregnancy on women with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a scoping review [2023]
  • Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism
    • Pregnancy in axial spondyloarthropathy: A systematic review & meta-analysis [2020]
• Ireland
  • Ireland's Health Services
    • Management of rheumatic diseases in the preconception, antenatal and postnatal periods [2023]
  • Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism
    • What to expect when women with axial spondyloarthritis are expecting: Prevalence of complications of pregnancies in women with axial spondyloarthritis [2022]
• Italy
  • Reumatismo
    • The Italian Society for Rheumatology guidelines on reproductive health in patients with rheumatic diseases [2025]
    • Treatment of spondyloarthritis with disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs during pregnancy and breastfeeding: comparing the recommendations and guidelines of the principal societies of rheumatology [2024]
• Middle East
  • Clinical Rheumatology
    • Enhancing the care of women with rheumatic diseases during pregnancy: challenges and unmet needs in the Middle East [2015]
• Republic of Korea
  • Journal of Korean Medical Science
    • Risk of Pregnancy Complications and Low Birth Weight Offsprings in Korean Women With Rheumatic Diseases: A Nationwide Population-Based Study [2022]
• Taiwan
  • Pediatric Rheumatology
    • Pregnancy outcomes and perinatal complications of Asian mothers with juvenile idiopathic arthritis – a case-control registry study [2020]
• United Kingdom
  • British Society for Rheumatology
    • British Society for Rheumatology guideline on prescribing drugs in pregnancy and breastfeeding: immunomodulatory anti-rheumatic drugs and corticosteroids [2023]
    • British Society for Rheumatology guideline on prescribing drugs in pregnancy and breastfeeding: comorbidity medications used in rheumatology practice [2023]
    • Prescribing anti-rheumatic drugs in pregnancy and breastfeeding-the British Society for Rheumatology guideline scope [2021]
    • BSR and BHPR guideline on prescribing drugs in pregnancy and breastfeeding—Part II: analgesics and other drugs used in rheumatology practice [2016]
    • BSR and BHPR guideline on prescribing drugs in pregnancy and breastfeeding—Part I: standard and biologic disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs and corticosteroids [2016]
  • National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
    • Management of pelvic girdle pain in pregnancy [2021]
• United States
  • American College of Rheumatology
    • 2020 American College of Rheumatology Guideline for the Management of Reproductive Health in Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Diseases [2020]
  • BMJ Open
    • Comanagement with rheumatology and prescription biologics filled during pregnancy in women with rheumatic diseases: a retrospective analysis of US administrative claims data [2022]
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Obstetrics, perinatology
    • Autoimmune diseases in pregnancy

Nausea and vomiting in pregnancy, hyperemesis gravidarum

• Australia
  • Australian Family Physician
    • Managing nausea and vomiting in pregnancy in a primary care setting [2016]
  • Better Safer Care
    • Hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) – assessment and management
  • NSW Health
    • Nausea and Vomiting in Pregnancy and Hyperemesis Gravidarum
  • SA Health
    • Nausea and Vomiting in Pregnancy and Hyperemesis Gravidarum
• Australia, New Zealand
  • Society of Obstetric Medicine of Australia and New Zealand
    • Guideline for Management of Nausea and Vomiting of Pregnancy and Hyperemesis Gravidarum [2019]
• Canada
  • Health Canada
    • DICLECTIN (doxylamine and pyridoxine combination) - Assessing Safety in pregnancy [2016]
  • Perinatal Services BC
    • Nausea and Vomiting in Pregnancy
  • Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada
    • The Management of Nausea and Vomiting of Pregnancy [2016]
• Canada, United Kingdom, United States
  • JAMA Network Open
    • Comparison of Pregnancy Outcomes of Patients Treated With Ondansetron vs Alternative Antiemetic Medications in a Multinational, Population-Based Cohort [2021]
• Ethiopia
  • PLoS ONE
    • Prevalence and determinants of hyperemesis gravidarum among pregnant women in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2024]
• Finland
  • Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica
    • Incidence and risk factors of hyperemesis gravidarum: A national register-based study in Finland, 2005-2017 [2020]
  • Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics
    • Readmissions due to hyperemesis gravidarum: a nation-wide Finnish register study [2022]
• India
  • Federation of Obstetric and Gynecological Societies of India
    • Nausea/Vomiting in Pregnancy (NVP)/Hyperemesis Gravidarum (HG) [2024]
• International
  • American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology
    • Long-term health outcomes of children born to mothers with hyperemesis gravidarum: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2022]
  • Australian Journal of General Practice
    • Clinical practice guidelines for the management of hyperemesis gravidarum: A systematic review and quality appraisal with AGREE II [2022]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Placenta-associated adverse pregnancy outcomes in women experiencing mild or severe hyperemesis gravidarum - a systematic review and meta-analysis [2023]
  • CMAJ
    • Diagnosis and treatment of hyperemesis gravidarum [2024]
  • European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology
    • Perinatal outcomes of infants born to mothers with hyperemesis gravidarum: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2023]
    • The windsor definition for hyperemesis gravidarum: A multistakeholder international consensus definition [2021]
  • Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP
    • Integrative and complementary practices to control nausea and vomiting in pregnant women: a systematic review [2022]
  • Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
    • Hyperemesis gravidarum and neonatal outcomes: A systematic review of observational studies [2021]
• Iran
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • A national study on maternal vomiting during pregnancy in Iran: prevalence, determinants, adverse birth outcomes, and the trend [2024]
• Ireland
  • Ireland's Health Services
    • Guidelines for treating Nausea and Vomiting in Pregnancy and Hyperemesis Gravidarum
• Japan
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Lack of catch-up in weight gain may intermediate between pregnancies with hyperemesis gravidarum and reduced fetal growth: the Japan Environment and Children's Study [2022]
• Malaysia
  • Ministry of Health Malaysia
    • Consensus Statement on Management of Hyperemesis Gravidarum [2020]
• Netherlands
  • Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica
    • Recurrence, postponing pregnancy, and termination rates after hyperemesis gravidarum: Follow up of the MOTHER study [2021]
• Norway
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Pregnancy complications and birth outcomes among women experiencing nausea only or nausea and vomiting during pregnancy in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study [2015]
  • Clinical Epidemiology
    • Antiemetic Prescription Fills in Pregnancy: A Drug Utilization Study Among 762,437 Pregnancies in Norway [2021]
  • International Journal of Clinical Practice
    • Guidelines for Treatment of Hyperemesis Gravidarum and Implementation in Clinical Practice in Norway: A Descriptive Study [2024]
• Sweden
  • Swedish Agency for Health Technology Assessment and Assessment of Social Services
    • Treatments for hyperemesis gravidarum: A systematic review [2024]
• United Kingdom
  • British Journal of General Practice
    • Nausea and vomiting in pregnancy is not just ‘morning sickness’: data from a prospective cohort study in the UK [2020]
  • National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
    • Management of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy [2021]
  • Nutrients
    • The Contribution of Registered Dietitians in the Management of Hyperemesis Gravidarum in the United Kingdom [2022]
  • Right Decisions
    • Diagnosis and Management of Nausea and Vomiting in Pregnancy and Hyperemesis Gravidarum
  • Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • The Management of Nausea and Vomiting of Pregnancy and Hyperemesis Gravidarum [2024]
  • WISDOM
    • Nausea and Vomiting in Pregnancy (NVP) and Hyperemesis Gravidarum (HG) Guideline [2023]
• United States
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Trends in first-trimester nausea and vomiting of pregnancy and use of select treatments: Findings from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study [2021]
  • Pharmacology
    • Hyperemesis Gravidarum: A Review of Recent Literature [2017]
  • StatPearls
    • Hyperemesis Gravidarum
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Digestive system diseases in pregnancy

Neural tube defects, folic acid

• Africa
  • BMC Pediatrics
    • Birth prevalence of neural tube defects and associated risk factors in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2021]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Magnitude and determinants of neural tube defect in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2021]
  • Scientific Reports
    • Prevalence of anencephaly in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2021]
  • Scientifica
    • Prevalence of Spina Bifida among Newborns in Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2020]
• Argentina
  • Journal of Community Genetics
    • The use of a Toolkit for health needs assessment on neural tube defects in Argentina [2013]
• Australia
  • Australian Institute of Health and Welfare
    • Monitoring the health impacts of mandatory folic acid and iodine fortification 2016 [2016]
    • Folic acid & iodine fortification [2016]
  • WA Health
    • Myelomenigocele: Infant Care
• Australia, Canada, United States
  • Nutrients
    • Women Taking a Folic Acid Supplement in Countries with Mandatory Food Fortification Programs May Be Exceeding the Upper Tolerable Limit of Folic Acid: A Systematic Review [2022]
• Brazil
  • Cadernos de Saúde Pública
    • Recommendations for folate intake in women: implications for public health strategies [2010]
• Cameroon
  • Advances in Nutrition
    • Review of Existing Models to Predict Reductions in Neural Tube Defects Due to Folic Acid Fortification and Model Results Using Data from Cameroon [2021]
• Canada
  • American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
    • Periconceptional intake of folic acid among low-risk women in Canada: summary of a workshop aiming to align prenatal folic acid supplement composition with current expert guidelines [2018]
  • Public Health Agency of Canada
    • Effect of Folic Acid Food Fortification in Canada on Congenital Heart Disease Subtypes [2016]
    • Folic Acid Use among Pregnant Women in Canada
  • Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada
    • Folic Acid and Multivitamin Supplementation for Prevention of Folic Acid–Sensitive Congenital Anomalies [2022]
    • Prevention, Screening, Diagnosis, and Pregnancy Management for Fetal Neural Tube Defects [2021]
• Canada, United States
  • North American Fetal Therapy Network
    • Mode of Delivery and Subsequent Motor Function in Children With Myelomeningocele Without In Utero Repair [2025]
• China
  • BMC Medicine
    • Initiation and duration of folic acid supplementation in preventing congenital malformations [2023]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Socioeconomic inequality in periconceptional folic acid supplementation in China: a census of 0.9 million women in their first trimester of pregnancy [2017]
  • China CDC Weekly
    • Folic Acid Status and Associated Factors for Pregnant Chinese Women — China, 2015 [2021]
• Costa Rica
  • Child's Nervous System
    • Integrated surveillance strategy to support the prevention of neural tube defects through food fortification with folic acid: the experience of Costa Rica [2023]
  • Maternal and Child Health Journal
    • Neural Tube Defects in Costa Rica, 1987–2012: Origins and Development of Birth Defect Surveillance and Folic Acid Fortification [2015]
• Denmark, Norway
  • Journal of the American Heart Association
    • Association Between Maternal Folic Acid Supplementation and Congenital Heart Defects in Offspring in Birth Cohorts From Denmark and Norway [2019]
• Denmark, Sweden
  • BioMed Research International
    • Ultrasound in Prenatal Diagnostics and Its Impact on the Epidemiology of Spina Bifida in a National Cohort from Denmark with a Comparison to Sweden [2018]
• East Africa
  • BMC Neurology
    • Birth prevalence of neural tube defects in eastern Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2022]
• Ethiopia
  • BMJ Open
    • Birth prevalence and risk factors of neural tube defects in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2023]
  • Global Pediatric Health
    • Magnitude and Associated Factors of Neural Tube Defects in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2020]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Birth prevalence and determinants of neural tube defects among newborns in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2025]
    • Folate deficiency among women of reproductive age in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2023]
• Europe
  • EUROCAT
    • Prevention of Neural Tube Defects in Europe: A Public Health Failure [2021]
    • Folic Acid and Neural Tube Defects
  • Reproductive Health
    • Folic acid supplementation in European women of reproductive age and during pregnancy with excessive weight: a systematic review [2025]
• France
  • Nutrients
    • Prevention of Neural Tube Defects by Folic Acid Supplementation: A National Population-Based Study [2020]
    • Social Inequalities in Prenatal Folic Acid Supplementation: Results from the ELFE Cohort [2019]
• Germany
  • Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics
    • Recommendation and intake of dietary supplements periconceptional and during pregnancy: results of a nationwide survey of gynaecologists [2023]
  • Deutsches Ärzteblatt International
    • The mandatory fortification of staple foods with folic acid: a current controversy in Germany [2011]
• High-income countries
  • PLoS ONE
    • Neonatal and infant mortality associated with spina bifida: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2021]
• India
  • Child's Nervous System
    • Burden of neural tube defects in India: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2024]
  • Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of India
    • Indian Perspective on Clinical Aspects, Usage, and Guidelines of Folic Acid [2014]
• International
  • American Journal of Epidemiology
    • Food Fortification With Folic Acid for Prevention of Spina Bifida and Anencephaly: The Need for a Paradigm Shift in Evidence Evaluation for Policy-Making [2021]
  • Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
    • Estimates of global and regional prevalence of neural tube defects for 2015: a systematic analysis [2018]
  • Birth Defects Research
    • A 2019 global update on folic acid-preventable spina bifida and anencephaly [2021]
  • Child's Nervous System
    • Barriers and facilitators to the implementation of mandatory folate fortification as an evidence-based policy to prevent neural tube defects [2023]
  • EUROCAT
    • Analysis of Mortality among Neonates and Children with Spina Bifida: An International Registry-Based Study, 2001-2012 [2019]
  • Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
    • Folic acid supplementation for pregnant women and those planning pregnancy: 2015 update [2015]
  • Lancet Global Health
    • Preventing birth defects, saving lives, and promoting health equity: an urgent call to action for universal mandatory food fortification with folic acid [2022]
  • Nutrients
    • Folate Supplementation in Women with Pre-Existing Diabetes [2023]
    • Folic Acid Fortification and Neural Tube Defect Risk: Analysis of the Food Fortification Initiative Dataset [2020]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Cost-effectiveness of mandatory folic acid fortification of flours in prevention of neural tube defects: A systematic review [2021]
  • Preventive Medicine Reports
    • Maternal folic acid and multivitamin supplementation: International clinical evidence with considerations for the prevention of folate-sensitive birth defects [2021]
  • Reproductive Health
    • Global prevalence of congenital anencephaly: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis [2022]
• Ireland
  • Department of Health Ireland
    • Folic Acid Supplementation [2019]
  • Ireland's Health Services
    • The folate status of pregnant women in the Republic of Ireland; the current position [2017]
• Israel
  • BMJ Nutrition, Prevention & Health
    • Parity and the use of folic acid supplementation during pregnancy [2019]
• Japan
  • Congenital Anomalies
    • Preconceptional folic acid supplementation in Japan [2017]
• Latin America
  • PLoS ONE
    • Neural tube defects: Sex ratio changes after fortification with folic acid [2018]
  • Public Health Nutrition
    • Neural tube defects in Latin America and the impact of fortification: a literature review [2014]
• Low and middle income countries
  • Child's Nervous System
    • Spina bifida management in low- and middle-income countries - a comprehensive policy approach [2023]
  • Maternal & Child Nutrition
    • Maternal folic acid supplementation and infant birthweight in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review [2020]
• New Zealand
  • Health New Zealand
    • Folate and Folic Acid
  • Starship
    • Neural Tube Defects - management of infant
• Norway
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Folic acid supplementation, dietary folate intake during pregnancy and risk for spontaneous preterm delivery: a prospective observational cohort study [2014]
• Poland
  • Ginekologia Polska
    • Folate supplementation during the preconception period, pregnancy and puerperium. Polish Society of Gynecologists and Obstetricians Guidelines [2017]
• Saudi Arabia
  • Nutrients
    • Knowledge and Practice of Childbearing Women in Saudi Arabia towards Folic Acid Supplement-Evidence from a Cross-Sectional Study [2022]
• Slovenia
  • Nutrients
    • Dietary Intake of Folate and Assessment of the Folate Deficiency Prevalence in Slovenia Using Serum Biomarkers [2021]
• South-East Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa
  • Lancet Global Health
    • Neural tube defects as a cause of death among stillbirths, infants, and children younger than 5 years in sub-Saharan Africa and southeast Asia: an analysis of the CHAMPS network [2023]
• Spain
  • Nutrients
    • The Use of Lower or Higher Than Recommended Doses of Folic Acid Supplements during Pregnancy Is Associated with Child Attentional Dysfunction at 4–5 Years of Age in the INMA Project [2021]
• Sub-Saharan Africa
  • PLoS ONE
    • Folic acid supplementation during preconception period in sub-Saharan African countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2025]
• Switzerland
  • Nutrients
    • Inadequate Status and Low Awareness of Folate in Switzerland—A Call to Strengthen Public Health Measures to Ensure Sufficient Intakes [2020]
• Turkey
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Evaluation of neural tube defects from 2014 to 2019 in Turkey [2022]
• United Kingdom
  • Birth Defects Research
    • Maternal ethnicity and the prevalence of British pregnancies affected by neural tube defects [2021]
  • HSC Public Health Agency
    • Folic acid and Vitamin D guidelines for health professionals [2017]
  • JRSM Open
    • Folates, folic acid and preconception care – a review [2021]
  • Public Health England
    • Update on folic acid [2017]
  • UK National Screening Committee
    • Neural tube defect
• United States
  • Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
    • Folic Acid Supplementation to Prevent Neural Tube Defects: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force [2023]
    • Folic Acid Supplementation to Prevent Neural Tube Defects: A Limited Systematic Review Update for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force [2023]
  • American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics
    • Focused Revision: Policy statement on folic acid and neural tube defects [2021]
    • Laboratory screening and diagnosis of open neural tube defects, 2019 revision: a technical standard of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) [2020]
    • Technical standards and guidelines: prenatal screening for open neural tube defects [2005]
  • Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
    • Fortification of corn masa flour with folic acid in the United States: an overview of the evidence [2014]
  • BMC Public Health
    • Consumption of folic acid fortified foods among Hispanic women of reproductive age in the US: a systematic review [2025]
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Periconceptional intakes of methyl donors and other micronutrients involved in one-carbon metabolism may further reduce the risk of neural tube defects in offspring: a United States population-based case-control study of women meeting the folic acid recommendations [2023]
    • Neighborhood Deprivation and Neural Tube Defects [2023]
    • Neural Tube Defects in Pregnancies Among Women With Diagnosed HIV Infection — 15 Jurisdictions, 2013–2017 [2020]
    • Survival of infants with spina bifida and the role of maternal prepregnancy body mass index [2019]
    • Folic Acid
  • National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
    • Neural Tube Defects (NTDs)
  • Nutrients
    • Impact of Voluntary Folic Acid Fortification of Corn Masa Flour on RBC Folate Concentrations in the U.S. (NHANES 2011–2018) [2021]
  • Topics in Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation
    • Demystifying Spina Bifida Guidelines Using a Periodicity Schedule [2022]
  • U.S. Preventive Services Task Force
    • Folic Acid Supplementation to Prevent Neural Tube Defects: Preventive Medication [2023]
• Vietnam
  • Nutrients
    • Low Prevalence of Folic Acid Supplementation during Pregnancy: A Multicenter Study in Vietnam [2019]
• WHO
  • World Health Organization
    • Monitoring flour fortification to maximize health benefits: a manual for millers, regulators, and programme managers [2021]
    • Guideline: optimal serum and red blood cell folate concentrations in women of reproductive age for prevention of neural tube defects [2015]
    • Serum and red blood cell folate concentrations for assessing folate status in populations [2014]
    • Periconceptional folic acid supplementation to prevent neural tube defects
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Prenatal screening and diagnosis
    • Obstetrics, perinatology
    • Fetal therapy

Neurologic and mental disorders in pregnancy

• Australia
  • Australian Family Physician
    • Management of bipolar disorder over the perinatal period [2016]
    • Epilepsy in pregnancy: a collaborative team effort of obstetricians, neurologists and primary care physicians for a successful outcome [2014]
  • Australian Institute of Health and Welfare
    • Data opportunities in perinatal mental health screening [2023]
    • Perinatal mental health screening in Australia
  • Centre of Perinatal Excellence
    • Mental health care in the perinatal period: Australian Clinical Practice Guideline [2023]
  • Queensland Health
    • Perinatal mental health
  • Royal Australian College of General Practitioners
    • Perinatal mental health
  • SA Health
    • Suicidal Ideation and Self Harm
    • Significant Psychosocial Needs in Pregnancy
    • Seizures in Pregnancy
    • Psychotic Disorders in the Perinatal Period
    • Intravenous Phenytoin
    • Intent to Harm Fetus
    • Epilepsy in Pregnancy
    • Eating Disorders and Pregnancy
    • Concealed or Denied Pregnancy
    • Borderline Personality Disorder (& Emotional Dysregulation) in the Perinatal Period
    • Anxiety and Depression in the Perinatal Period
• Australia, New Zealand
  • Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Mental Health Care in the Perinatal Period [2021]
  • Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists
    • Perinatal mental health services [2021]
• Australia, United Kingdom, United States
  • Archives of Women's Mental Health
    • Consensus recommendations for the assessment and treatment of perinatal obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD): A Delphi study [2023]
• Canada
  • American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology
    • Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in pregnancy and the postpartum period [2024]
  • Canadian Family Physician
    • Antiseizure drugs for women with epilepsy [2020]
  • Canadian Journal of Psychiatry
    • Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments 2024 Clinical Practice Guideline for the Management of Perinatal Mood, Anxiety, and Related Disorders: Guide de pratique 2024 du Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments pour le traitement des troubles de l'humeur, des troubles anxieux et des troubles connexes périnatals [2025]
  • Canadian Pharmacists Journal
    • Antiseizure drugs and women: Challenges with contraception and pregnancy [2020]
  • CMAJ
    • Perinatal suicide in Ontario, Canada: a 15-year population-based study [2017]
  • Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders
    • Pregnancy outcomes of women with multiple sclerosis treated with ocrelizumab in Canada: A descriptive analysis of real-world data [2022]
  • PCMCH
    • Perinatal Mental Health [2021]
  • Perinatal Services BC
    • Mental Health During Pregnancy
  • PLoS ONE
    • Developing consensus to enhance perinatal mental health through a model of integrated care: Delphi study [2024]
    • Preconception risk factors and health care needs of pregnancy-planning women and men with a lifetime history or current mental illness: A nationwide survey [2022]
  • Public Health Agency of Canada
    • Pregnancy and Women's Mental Health in Canada
  • Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada
    • Identification and Treatment of Perinatal Mood and Anxiety Disorders [2024]
    • Perinatal Mental Health for Health Care Providers
• Denmark
  • American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology MFM
    • Maternal antipsychotic use during pregnancy and congenital malformations [2023]
  • Annals of Neurology
    • Maternal Epilepsy and Long-term Offspring Mortality: A Nationwide Cohort Study [2022]
  • European Journal of Neurology
    • Pregnancy outcomes after early fetal exposure to injectable first-line treatments, dimethyl fumarate, or natalizumab in Danish women with multiple sclerosis [2023]
  • Journal of Clinical Psychiatry
    • Associations Between ADHD Medication Use in Pregnancy and Severe Malformations Based on Prenatal and Postnatal Diagnoses: A Danish Registry-Based Study [2021]
  • Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders
    • Pregnancy outcomes following maternal or paternal exposure to teriflunomide in the Danish MS population [2022]
  • Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology
    • Maternal stress during pregnancy and gestational duration: A cohort study from the Danish National Birth Cohort [2023]
  • Pediatric Drugs
    • Prevalence and Temporal Trends of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Medication Fills During Pregnancy and Breastfeeding in Denmark [2025]
  • Psychiatry Research
    • Prescription patterns of benzodiazepine and benzodiazepine-related drugs in the peripartum period: A population-based study [2020]
  • Psychological Medicine
    • Self-harm in pregnancy and the postnatal year: prevalence and risk factors [2023]
• Ethiopia
  • BMC Psychiatry
    • Suicidal ideation and its associated factors among pregnant and post-partum women in Ethiopia, a systematic review and meta-analysis, 2025 [2025]
    • Common mental disorders and associated factors among pregnant women in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2025]
• Europe
  • Drug Safety
    • Impact of 2018 EU Risk Minimisation Measures and Revised Pregnancy Prevention Programme on Utilisation and Prescribing Trends of Medicinal Products Containing Valproate: An Interrupted Time Series Study [2023]
  • European Stroke Organisation
    • European Stroke Organisation guidelines on stroke in women: Management of menopause, pregnancy and postpartum [2022]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Prevalence of Antenatal Anxiety in European Women: A Literature Review [2023]
  • Journal of Headache and Pain
    • Latest clinical recommendations on valproate use for migraine prophylaxis in women of childbearing age: overview from European Medicines Agency and European Headache Federation [2018]
  • Journal of Neurology
    • Pregnancy outcomes in interferon-beta-exposed patients with multiple sclerosis: results from the European Interferon-beta Pregnancy Registry [2020]
  • Molecular Genetics and Metabolism
    • European guidelines on diagnosis and treatment of phenylketonuria: First revision [2025]
  • Multiple Sclerosis Journal
    • ECTRIMS/EAN consensus on vaccination in people with multiple sclerosis: Improving immunization strategies in the era of highly active immunotherapeutic drugs [2023]
  • Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases
    • Diagnosis and management of individuals with Fetal Valproate Spectrum Disorder; a consensus statement from the European Reference Network for Congenital Malformations and Intellectual Disability [2019]
    • The complete European guidelines on phenylketonuria: diagnosis and treatment [2017]
• Finland
  • Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine
    • Traumatic brain injury during pregnancy is associated with increased rate of cesarean section: a nationwide multi-register study in Finland [2023]
• Finland, Sweden
  • Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders
    • Prevalence of adverse pregnancy outcomes after exposure to interferon beta prior to or during pregnancy in women with MS: Stratification by maternal and newborn characteristics in a register-based cohort study in Finland and Sweden [2021]
  • PLoS ONE
    • The association between exposure to interferon-beta during pregnancy and birth measurements in offspring of women with multiple sclerosis [2019]
• France
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Pregnancy planning and acceptance and maternal psychological distress during pregnancy: results from the National Perinatal Survey, France, 2016 [2022]
  • BMJ Open
    • Risk of early neurodevelopmental outcomes associated with prenatal exposure to the antiepileptic drugs most commonly used during pregnancy: a French nationwide population-based cohort study [2020]
  • Neurology
    • Investigating the Long-term Effect of Pregnancy on the Course of Multiple Sclerosis Using Causal Inference [2023]
    • Incidence and Time Trends of Pregnancy-Related Stroke Between 2010 and 2018: The Nationwide CONCEPTION Study [2022]
• Germany
  • Scientific Reports
    • Trends in use of antiseizure medication and treatment pattern during the first trimester in the German Embryotox cohort [2024]
  • Seizure: European Journal of Epilepsy
    • Increasing use of newer antiseizure medication during pregnancy: An observational study with special focus on lacosamide [2023]
• Ghana
  • WHO African Region
    • Strengthening Maternal Mental Health in Ghana - Situational analysis of maternal mental health services in Ghana [2024]
• High-income countries
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • A systematic review of the clinical practice guidelines for the assessment, management and treatment of eating disorders during the perinatal period [2025]
  • BMC Psychiatry
    • Screening programs for common maternal mental health disorders among perinatal women: report of the systematic review of evidence [2022]
• Hong Kong
  • Hong Kong Medical Journal
    • Update to the Hong Kong Epilepsy Guideline: evidence-based recommendations for clinical management of women with epilepsy throughout the reproductive cycle [2020]
• India
  • Federation of Obstetric and Gynecological Societies of India
    • Epilepsy [2024]
  • Indian Journal of Pharmacology
    • Psychopharmacoteratophobia: Excessive fear of malformation associated with prescribing psychotropic drugs during pregnancy: An Indian perspective [2015]
  • Journal of Public Health Policy
    • Recommendations for maternal mental health policy in India [2023]
• International
  • American Journal of Psychiatry
    • Lithium Exposure During Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Safety and Efficacy Outcomes [2020]
  • Archives of Women's Mental Health
    • Digital screening for mental health in pregnancy and postpartum: A systematic review [2024]
    • Indigenous approaches to perinatal mental health: a systematic review with critical interpretive synthesis [2023]
    • Associations between maternal psychological distress and mother-infant bonding: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2023]
    • An international position paper on mother-infant (perinatal) mental health, with guidelines for clinical practice [2016]
  • BMC Pharmacology & Toxicology
    • Olanzapine in pregnancy and breastfeeding: a review of data from global safety surveillance [2013]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • The efficacy of collaborative psychological interventions in reducing anxiety levels in pregnant women: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2025]
    • Breastfeeding experiences of women with perinatal mental health problems: a systematic review and thematic synthesis [2024]
    • Measurement of pregnancy-related anxiety worldwide: a systematic review [2022]
    • A systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence of insomnia in the third trimester of pregnancy [2021]
  • BMC Psychiatry
    • Mental health-related telemedicine interventions for pregnant women and new mothers: a systematic literature review [2023]
  • BMJ Open
    • Meta-review of the barriers and facilitators to women accessing perinatal mental healthcare [2023]
  • Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
    • Monotherapy treatment of epilepsy in pregnancy: congenital malformation outcomes in the child [2023]
  • Frontiers in Psychiatry
    • Maternal Suicide Ideation and Behaviour During Pregnancy and the First Postpartum Year: A Systematic Review of Psychological and Psychosocial Risk Factors [2022]
  • International Breastfeeding Journal
    • Efficacy of behavioral interventions to improve maternal mental health and breastfeeding outcomes: a systematic review [2022]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Body Image Assessment Tools in Pregnant Women: A Systematic Review [2023]
  • International Journal of Women's Health
    • Epilepsy during pregnancy: focus on management strategies [2016]
  • International League Against Epilepsy
    • Global Survey of Guidelines for the Management of Epilepsy in Pregnancy: A report from the International League Against Epilepsy Task Force on Women and Pregnancy [2020]
    • Management of epilepsy in pregnancy: a report from the International League Against Epilepsy Task Force on Women and Pregnancy [2019]
  • JAMA Network Open
    • Complications After Maternal Traumatic Brain Injury During Pregnancy: A Systematic Review [2025]
  • Journal of Affective Disorders
    • Measures of suicidality in perinatal women: A systematic review [2023]
  • Journal of Clinical Psychiatry
    • Benzodiazepine Use During Pregnancy Alone or in Combination With an Antidepressant and Congenital Malformations: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2019]
  • Lancet Public Health
    • The global burden of perinatal common mental health disorders and substance use among migrant women: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2023]
  • Maternal and Child Health Journal
    • Suicide Attempts during Pregnancy and Postpartum: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2024]
  • Midwifery
    • Non-pharmacological interventions to reduce anxiety in pregnancy, labour and postpartum: A systematic review [2021]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Maternal mental health matters: Indicators for perinatal mental health-A scoping review [2025]
    • Women with perinatal suicidal ideation-A scoping review of the biopsychosocial risk factors to inform health service provision and research [2022]
  • Psychiatria Danubina
    • Restless legs syndrome in pregnancy: A systematic review of prevalence [2025]
  • Worldviews on Evidence-Based Nursing
    • Effects of Nonpharmacological Interventions on Stress, Anxiety, and Depression of Pregnant Women: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis [2025]
• Ireland
  • Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety
    • Valproate utilisation trends among women of childbearing potential in Ireland between 2014 and 2019: A drug utilisation study using interrupted time series [2022]
• Italy
  • European Psychiatry
    • Perinatal mental health care in the Italian mental health departments: a national survey [2024]
• Japan
  • Neurologia medico-chirurgica
    • Cavernous Malformations in Pregnancy [2013]
  • Seizure: European Journal of Epilepsy
    • Trends in the prescription of anti-seizure medicines for pregnant women outpatients with epilepsy during 2016-2020 in Japan [2022]
• Lebanon
  • Ministry of Public Health
    • Maternal Mental Health Guidelines for Healthcare Providers [2021]
• Low and middle income countries
  • BMC Health Services Research
    • Maternal mental health in primary care in five low- and middle-income countries: a situational analysis [2016]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • The silent burden: a landscape analysis of common perinatal mental disorders in low- and middle-income countries [2022]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Gender Transformative Interventions for Perinatal Mental Health in Low and Middle Income Countries-A Scoping Review [2022]
  • JAMA Network Open
    • Prevalence of Perinatal Anxiety and Related Disorders in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2023]
  • Journal of Affective Disorders
    • Prevalence of perinatal anxiety in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2022]
  • Women's Health
    • Neurological disorders in pregnant women in low- and middle-income countries-Management gaps, impacts, and future prospects: A review perspective [2023]
  • World Health Organization
    • Maternal mental health and child health and development in resource-constrained settings : report of a UNFPA/WHO international expert meeting : the interface between reproductive health and mental health [2009]
• Nepal
  • Nepal Journal of Epidemiology
    • Mental Health Issues in Pregnant Women in Nepal [2015]
• Netherlands
  • Epilepsy & Behavior
    • Twenty-year trends in the use of anti-seizure medication among pregnant women in the Netherlands [2022]
• New Zealand
  • Ministry of Health New Zealand
    • Maternal Mental Health Service Provision in New Zealand: Stocktake of district health board services [2021]
  • Starship
    • Foetal Anticonvulsant Syndrome (FACS)
    • AED use in pregnancy - management of babies exposed to anti-epileptic drugs in utero
• Nordic countries
  • Drug Safety
    • Prenatal exposure to pregabalin, birth outcomes and neurodevelopment - a population-based cohort study in four Nordic countries [2023]
• Nordic countries, United States
  • Journal of Clinical Psychiatry
    • Atomoxetine in Early Pregnancy and the Prevalence of Major Congenital Malformations: A Multinational Study [2023]
• Norway
  • Epilepsia
    • Prevalence of self-reported emotional, physical, and sexual abuse and association with fear of childbirth in pregnant women with epilepsy: The Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort Study [2022]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Maternal complications in pregnancy and childbirth for women with epilepsy: Time trends in a nationwide cohort [2019]
    • Medication Use before, during, and after Pregnancy among Women with Eating Disorders: A Study from the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study [2015]
• Norway, Sweden
  • European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
    • Prevalence trends and individual patterns of ADHD medication use in pregnancy in Norway and Sweden, 2010-2019 [2023]
• Poland
  • Ginekologia Polska
    • Managing epilepsy in women of childbearing age — Polish Society of Epileptology and Polish Gynecological Society Guidelines [2017]
  • Neurologia i Neurochirurgia Polska
    • Recommendations for neurological, obstetrical and gynaecological care in women with multiple sclerosis: a statement by a working group convened by the Section of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology of the Polish Neurological Society [2020]
• Qatar
  • Heliyon
    • Generalized and pregnancy-related anxiety prevalence and predictors among pregnant women attending primary health care in Qatar, 2018–2019 [2020]
• Singapore
  • Annals Academy of Medicine Singapore
    • Consensus statement on Singapore Perinatal Mental Health Guidelines on Depression and Anxiety [2023]
• South Asia
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Perceptions and attitudes around perinatal mental health in Bangladesh, India and Pakistan: a systematic review of qualitative data [2022]
• Spain
  • Neurología (English Edition)
    • Headache: pregnancy and breastfeeding. Recommendations of the Spanish Society of Neurology’s Headache Study Group [2021]
• Sri Lanka
  • Ceylon Medical Journal
    • Perinatal mental health in Sri Lanka, current status, programmes, gaps, and recommendations [2023]
• Sub-Saharan Africa
  • BMC Public Health
    • Predominant approaches to measuring pregnancy-related anxiety in Sub-saharan Africa: a scoping review [2024]
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • Tools for screening maternal mental health conditions in primary care settings in sub-Saharan Africa: systematic review [2024]
  • Seizure: European Journal of Epilepsy
    • Women with epilepsy in sub–Saharan Africa: A review of the reproductive health challenges and perspectives for management [2019]
• Sweden
  • Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica
    • Pregnancy outcome in women with cerebral palsy: A nationwide population-based cohort study [2019]
  • BMJ Open
    • Neonatal morbidity after fetal exposure to antipsychotics: a national register-based study [2022]
  • Neurology
    • Antiseizure medication use during pregnancy and risk of ASD and ADHD in children [2020]
  • PLoS Medicine
    • Paternal and maternal psychiatric history and risk of preterm and early term birth: A nationwide study using Swedish registers [2023]
  • Swedish Agency for Health Technology Assessment and Assessment of Social Services
    • Identification of depression and anxiety during pregnancy: A systematic review and meta-analysis of test accuracy [2024]
    • Fear of childbirth, depression and anxiety during pregnancy [2021]
• Switzerland
  • Swiss Medical Weekly
    • Use of valproate in pregnancy and in women of childbearing age between 2014 and 2018 in Switzerland: a retrospective analysis of Swiss healthcare claims data [2021]
• Turkey
  • Eurasian Journal of Medicine
    • Psychiatric Disorders During Pregnancy and Postpartum Period: A Guide For Perinatal Interview [2023]
• United Kingdom
  • Anaesthesia
    • Mental disorder in pregnancy and the early postpartum [2021]
  • Association of British Neurologists
    • UK consensus on pregnancy in multiple sclerosis: 'Association of British Neurologists' guidelines [2019]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Disparities in who is asked about their perinatal mental health: an analysis of cross-sectional data from consecutive national maternity surveys [2023]
  • BMJ Open
    • Exploring perinatal loneliness as a key social determinant of perinatal mental ill health in the UK: findings from a multidisciplinary consensus statement exercise that mapped knowledge about measurement, prevalence, antecedents, impacts and interventions, and agreed future priorities for research, policy and practice [2025]
    • A UK clinical audit addressing the quality of prescribing of sodium valproate for bipolar disorder in women of childbearing age [2018]
  • British Association for Psychopharmacology
    • Withdrawal of, and alternatives to, valproate-containing medicines in girls and women of childbearing potential who have a psychiatric illness [2018]
    • British Association for Psychopharmacology consensus guidance on the use of psychotropic medication preconception, in pregnancy and postpartum 2017 [2017]
  • British Journal of General Practice
    • Headache in pregnancy: a brief practical guide [2022]
    • First do no harm: valproate and medicines safety in pregnancy [2020]
  • Department of Health and Social Care
    • Maternal Mental Health Pathway
  • European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology
    • Care of pregnant women with epilepsy in the United Kingdom: A national survey of healthcare professionals [2022]
  • Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency
    • SSRI/SNRI antidepressant medicines: small increased risk of postpartum haemorrhage when used in the month before delivery [2021]
    • Public Assessment Report of antiepileptic drugs: review of safety of use during pregnancy [2021]
    • Antiepileptic drugs in pregnancy: updated advice following comprehensive safety review [2021]
    • Valproate Pregnancy Prevention Programme: temporary advice for management during coronavirus (COVID-19) [2020]
    • Valproate medicines and serious harms in pregnancy: new Annual Risk Acknowledgement Form and clinical guidance from professional bodies to support compliance with the Pregnancy Prevention Programme [2019]
    • Fingolimod (Gilenya): increased risk of congenital malformations; new contraindication during pregnancy and in women of childbearing potential not using effective contraception [2019]
    • Valproate medicines (Epilim, Depakote): contraindicated in women and girls of childbearing potential unless conditions of Pregnancy Prevention Programme are met [2018]
    • Valproate medicines (Epilim, Depakote): Pregnancy Prevention Programme materials online [2018]
    • Valproate and developmental disorders: new alert asking for patient review and further consideration of risk minimisation measures [2017]
    • Medicines related to valproate: risk of abnormal pregnancy outcomes [2015]
    • Valproate use by women and girls
    • Epilepsy medicines and pregnancy
  • National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
    • Antenatal and postnatal mental health: clinical management and service guidance [2020]
    • Antenatal and postnatal mental health [2016]
  • NHS England
    • Epilepsy in pregnancy guideline [2022]
    • Community pharmacy preventing harm from valproate – Pharmacy Quality Scheme audit report 2019-20 [2022]
    • Involving and supporting partners and other family members in specialist perinatal mental health services: good practice guide [2021]
    • A good practice guide to support implementation of trauma-informed care in the perinatal period [2021]
    • Implementing routine outcome monitoring in specialist perinatal mental health services [2019]
    • The Perinatal Mental Health Care Pathways [2018]
    • Sapropterin (Kuvan®) For Phenylketonuria: Use In Pregnancy [2013]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Lithium Prescribing during Pregnancy: A UK Primary Care Database Study [2015]
  • Public Health England
    • Perinatal mental health [2017]
    • Preconception advice for women with serious mental illness
  • Right Decisions
    • Standards of Care for Women with Epilepsy of Childbearing Age
  • Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Valproate Use In Women and Girls of Childbearing Years [2019]
    • Epilepsy in Pregnancy [2016]
  • Scottish Government
    • Perinatal and infant mental health services: update [2023]
    • Perinatal and Infant Mental Health Programme Board
  • Seizure: European Journal of Epilepsy
    • National compliance with UK wide guidelines for usage of valproate in women of childbearing potential [2022]
  • SIGN
    • Perinatal mental health conditions
  • UK National Screening Committee
    • Psychiatric illness
  • Welsh Health Specialised Services Committee
    • Specialist Perinatal Mental Health Inpatient Service (Mother and Baby Unit) [2021]
• United States
  • Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
    • Nonpharmacologic Treatments for Maternal Mental Health Conditions [2024]
    • Maternal, Fetal, and Child Outcomes of Mental Health Treatments in Women: A Systematic Review of Perinatal Pharmacologic Interventions [2021]
    • Management of Primary Headaches in Pregnancy [2020]
  • American Academy of Neurology
    • Teratogenesis, Perinatal, and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes After In Utero Exposure to Antiseizure Medication: Practice Guideline From the AAN, AES, and SMFM [2024]
  • American College of Cardiology
    • Maternal Stroke: A Call for Action [2021]
  • American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics
    • Phenylalanine hydroxylase deficiency treatment and management: A systematic evidence review of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) [2023]
    • Phenylalanine hydroxylase deficiency: diagnosis and management guideline [2014]
  • American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
    • Obstetric Management of Patients with Spinal Cord Injuries [2020]
    • Management of Women With Phenylalanine Hydroxylase Deficiency (Phenylketonuria) [2020]
    • Perinatal Mental Health
  • American Journal of Preventive Medicine
    • Severe Maternal Morbidity and Maternal Mortality in Women With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities [2021]
  • Association of Women's Health, Obstetric and Neonatal Nurses
    • Perinatal Mood and Anxiety Disorders [2022]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Perinatal mental health and active-duty military spouses: a scoping review [2024]
  • BMJ
    • Maternal and fetal outcomes following exposure to duloxetine in pregnancy: cohort study [2020]
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Atypical antipsychotic use during pregnancy and birth defect risk: National Birth Defects Prevention Study, 1997-2011 [2020]
  • Current Psychiatry Reports
    • Perinatal Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Epidemiology, Phenomenology, Etiology, and Treatment [2022]
  • JAMA Network Open
    • Prevalence of Community Perinatal Psychiatrists in the US [2024]
  • Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine
    • Continuation of psychiatric medications during pregnancy [2023]
  • Journal of Midwifery & Women's Health
    • Disparities in Screening and Treatment Patterns for Depression and Anxiety During Pregnancy: An Integrative Review [2024]
  • Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics & Gynecology
    • Long working hours related to elevated psychological distress among United States pregnant workers: findings from the National Health Interview Survey [2025]
  • Multiple Sclerosis International
    • What Do Healthcare Providers Advise Women with Multiple Sclerosis Regarding Pregnancy? [2014]
  • National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
    • Persistent Short Sleep Duration From Pregnancy to 2 to 7 Years After Delivery and Metabolic Health [2024]
    • Allostatic Load and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes [2022]
  • Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety
    • Trends in the use of disease-modifying therapies among reproductive-aged women with multiple sclerosis in the United States from 2010 to 2019 [2022]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage in pregnancy: National trends of treatment, predictors, and outcomes [2023]
  • Sleep
    • Insomnia during pregnancy and severe maternal morbidity in the united states: nationally representative data from 2006 to 2017 [2022]
  • Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine
    • Executive summary: Workshop on maternal mental health, February 11-12, 2024, co-sponsored by the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists [2024]
• WHO
  • World Health Organization
    • WHO guide for integration of perinatal mental health in maternal and child health services [2022]
    • mhGAP Intervention Guide - Version 2.0 [2019]
    • Perinatal mental health
• WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region
  • WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region
    • Maternal, child and adolescent mental health: challenges and strategic directions for the Eastern Mediterranean Region [2011]
    • Atlas: child, adolescent and maternal mental health resources in the Eastern Mediterranean Region [2011]
    • Maternal, child and adolescent mental health
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Postpartum depression, perinatal depression
    • Obstetrics, perinatology

Obesity in pregnancy, gestational weight gain

• Africa
  • Journal of Public Health
    • Maternal obesity in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2016]
• Asia
  • Journal of Pregnancy
    • Gestational Weight Gain among Healthy Pregnant Women from Asia in Comparison with Institute of Medicine (IOM) Guidelines-2009: A Systematic Review [2019]
• Asia, Europe, United States
  • BMC Medicine
    • Gestational weight gain across continents and ethnicity: systematic review and meta-analysis of maternal and infant outcomes in more than one million women [2018]
• Asia-Pacific
  • Nutrients
    • Weight Gain and Nutrition during Pregnancy: An Analysis of Clinical Practice Guidelines in the Asia-Pacific Region [2022]
• Australia
  • Journal of Pregnancy
    • Australian Pregnant Women's Awareness of Gestational Weight Gain and Dietary Guidelines: Opportunity for Action [2016]
  • Public Health Research and Practice
    • Optimising weight gain in pregnancy: key challenges and solutions for maternal obesity prevention [2022]
  • Queensland Health
    • Obesity and pregnancy (including post bariatric surgery)
  • SA Health
    • Women with high body mass index (BMI)
    • Obese Obstetric Woman Management Standards Clinical Directive
• Australia, Europe, United States
  • American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology MFM
    • Full-term induction of labor vs expectant management and cesarean delivery in women with obesity: systematic review and meta-analysis [2023]
• Australia, New Zealand
  • Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Management of Obesity in Pregnancy [2022]
• Australia, United Kingdom
  • PLoS ONE
    • Maternal and perinatal outcomes in pregnant women with BMI >50: An international collaborative study [2019]
• Belgium
  • Obesity Facts
    • Reappraisal of Gestational Weight Gain Recommendations in Obese Pregnant Women: A Population-Based Study of 337,590 Births [2020]
• Brazil
  • American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
    • Gestational weight gain charts: results from the Brazilian Maternal and Child Nutrition Consortium [2021]
  • Clinics
    • A systematic review and meta-analysis of gestational weight gain recommendations and related outcomes in Brazil [2015]
  • Epidemiologia e Serviços de Saúde
    • Different methods for assessing gestational weight gain and its association with birth weight [2021]
  • Maternal & Child Nutrition
    • Prevalence and temporal trends in prepregnancy nutritional status and gestational weight gain of adult women followed in the Brazilian Food and Nutrition Surveillance System from 2008 to 2018 [2022]
  • Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia
    • Guidelines on how to monitor gestational weight gain during antenatal care [2023]
• Cameroon
  • BMC Research Notes
    • Associations of body mass index and gestational weight gain with term pregnancy outcomes in urban Cameroon: a retrospective cohort study in a tertiary hospital [2015]
• Canada
  • Alberta Health Services
    • Healthy Pregnancy Weight Gain
  • Association of Ontario Midwives
    • The Management of High or Low Body Mass Index During Pregnancy [2019]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Knowledge translation tool to improve pregnant women’s awareness of gestational weight gain goals and risks of gaining outside recommendations: a non-randomized intervention study [2015]
    • Contribution of prepregnancy body mass index and gestational weight gain to adverse neonatal outcomes: population attributable fractions for Canada [2015]
    • Documentation of guideline adherence in antenatal records across maternal weight categories: a chart review [2014]
  • Canadian Family Physician
    • Widespread misconceptions about pregnancy for women living with obesity [2021]
    • Gestational weight gain trajectories in primary care [2016]
    • Distribution of pregnancy-related weight measures [2016]
  • CMAJ Open
    • Prevalence of and risk factors for excess weight gain in pregnancy: a cross-sectional study using survey data [2021]
  • Health Canada
    • Prenatal Nutrition Guidelines for Health Professionals: Gestational Weight Gain [2010]
  • Perinatal Services BC
    • Gestational Weight Gain
    • Care of Women/People with Obesity: Preconception and Antepartum Considerations
    • Care of Women/People with Obesity: Intrapartum Management
  • Public Health Agency of Canada
    • Effect of Maternal Weight on Pregnancy Outcomes
  • Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada
    • Pregnancy and Maternal Obesity Part 2: Team Planning for Delivery and Postpartum Care [2019]
    • Pregnancy and Maternal Obesity Part 1: Pre-conception and Prenatal Care [2019]
    • Obesity in Pregnancy [2018]
• Canada, France
  • Scientific Reports
    • Impact of maternal obesity on the incidence of pregnancy complications in France and Canada [2017]
• Canada, United States
  • Annals of Medicine
    • Effectiveness of multimodal nutrition interventions during pregnancy to achieve 2009 Institute of Medicine gestational weight gain guidelines: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2021]
• Chile
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Effectiveness of a normative nutrition intervention (diet, physical activity and breastfeeding) on maternal nutrition and offspring growth: the Chilean maternal and infant nutrition cohort study (CHiMINCs) [2015]
• China
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Association among pre-pregnancy body mass index, gestational weight gain and neonatal birth weight: a prospective cohort study in China [2020]
  • JAMA Network Open
    • Comparison of Chinese vs US Gestational Weight Gain Guidelines for Chinese Women [2022]
    • Analysis and Comparison of Early Childhood Nutritional Outcomes Among Offspring of Chinese Women Under the Chinese 2021 and US 2009 Gestational Weight Gain Guidelines [2022]
  • Journal of Epidemiology
    • Gestational weight gain charts by gestational age and body mass index for Chinese women: A population-based follow-up study [2019]
  • Lancet Regional Health – Western Pacific
    • Optimal gestational weight gain for Chinese women - analysis from a longitudinal cohort with childhood follow-up [2021]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Pre-Pregnancy Body Mass Index, Gestational Weight Gain, and Birth Weight: A Cohort Study in China [2015]
    • Joint and Independent Associations of Gestational Weight Gain and Pre-Pregnancy Body Mass Index with Outcomes of Pregnancy in Chinese Women: A Retrospective Cohort Study [2015]
  • Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology
    • Investigation of optimal gestational weight gain based on the occurrence of adverse pregnancy outcomes for Chinese women: a prospective cohort study [2021]
• Denmark
  • International Journal of Obesity
    • Maternal obesity, interpregnancy weight changes and congenital heart defects in the offspring: a nationwide cohort study [2024]
  • PLoS Medicine
    • Maternal weight change from prepregnancy to 18 months postpartum and subsequent risk of hypertension and cardiovascular disease in Danish women: A cohort study [2021]
• Ethiopia
  • BMJ Nutrition, Prevention & Health
    • Effect of overweight/obesity on caesarean section occurrence among reproductive-aged women in Ethiopia: a secondary data analysis [2021]
• Europe, North America, Oceania
  • BMC Medicine
    • Gestational weight gain charts for different body mass index groups for women in Europe, North America, and Oceania [2018]
• Finland
  • Anaesthesia
    • Labour analgesia in obese and morbidly obese parturients: a nationwide register analysis in Finland from 2004 to 2018 [2022]
  • European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology
    • Incidence of obese parturients and the outcomes of their pregnancies: A nationwide register study in Finland [2022]
• France
  • Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica
    • Gestational weight gain adequacy and intrapartum oxytocin and cesarean section use: Observational population-based study in France [2023]
  • BMJ Open
    • Maternal characteristics associated with gestational weight gain in France: a population-based, nationally representative study [2021]
• Germany
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Secular trends in pregnancy weight gain in German women and their influences on foetal outcome: a hospital-based study [2014]
  • Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde
    • Obesity and Pregnancy. Guideline of the German Society of Gynecology and Obstetrics (S3-Level, AWMF Registry No. 015-081, June 2019) [2021]
• Greece
  • Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics
    • Association between gestational weight gain and risk of obesity in preadolescence: a longitudinal study (1997–2007) of 5,125 children in Greece [2017]
• High-income countries
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Healthcare related barriers and enablers for weight management among pregnant women with overweight and obesity: a rapid scoping review [2025]
    • Facilitators and barriers influencing weight management behaviours during pregnancy: a meta-synthesis of qualitative research [2022]
  • BMC Women's Health
    • Maternal obesity management: a narrative literature review of health policies [2024]
• Iceland
  • PLoS ONE
    • The combined effect of pre-pregnancy body mass index and gestational weight gain on the risk of pre-labour and intrapartum caesarean section-The ICE-MCH study [2023]
• India
  • International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics
    • Population estimates, consequences, and risk factors of obesity among pregnant and postpartum women in India: Results from a national survey and policy recommendations [2020]
• International
  • AJP Reports
    • Nutrition and Exercise Strategies to Prevent Excessive Pregnancy Weight Gain: A Meta-analysis [2019]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Pregnancy and weight gain: a scoping review of women's perceptions and experiences with stigma [2025]
    • Monitoring gestational weight gain and prepregnancy BMI using the 2009 IOM guidelines in the global population: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2020]
    • Gestational weight gain outside the Institute of Medicine recommendations and adverse pregnancy outcomes: analysis using individual participant data from randomised trials [2019]
    • No global consensus: a cross-sectional survey of maternal weight policies [2014]
  • BMC Public Health
    • Physical activity and gestational weight gain: a systematic review of observational studies [2022]
  • Current Obesity Reports
    • Addressing Obesity in Preconception, Pregnancy, and Postpartum: A Review of the Literature [2022]
  • Frontiers in Endocrinology
    • Influence of maternal body mass index on pregnancy complications and outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2024]
  • Frontiers in Medicine
    • Physical Exercise vs. Metformin to Improve Delivery- and Newborn-Related Outcomes Among Pregnant Women With Overweight: A Network Meta-Analysis [2021]
  • Intergrowth-21st
    • Gestational weight gain standards based on women enrolled in the Fetal Growth Longitudinal Study of the INTERGROWTH-21st Project: a prospective longitudinal cohort study [2016]
    • Gestational Weight Gain
  • International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics
    • Management of prepregnancy, pregnancy, and postpartum obesity from the FIGO Pregnancy and Non-Communicable Diseases Committee: A FIGO (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics) guideline [2020]
    • FIGO Pregnancy Obesity and Nutrition Initiative (PONI) [2019]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • The Challenge of Weight Stigma for Women in the Preconception Period: Workshop Recommendations for Action from the 5th European Conference on Preconception Health and Care [2023]
    • Predictors of Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Pregnant Women Living with Obesity: A Systematic Review [2022]
  • International Journal of Population Data Science
    • Global trends in prevalence of maternal overweight and obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis of routinely collected data retrospective cohorts [2024]
  • JAMA Internal Medicine
    • Association of Antenatal Diet and Physical Activity-Based Interventions With Gestational Weight Gain and Pregnancy Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis [2022]
  • JAMA Network Open
    • Key Components of Antenatal Lifestyle Interventions to Optimize Gestational Weight Gain: Secondary Analysis of a Systematic Review [2023]
  • Journal of Clinical Medicine
    • Recent Insights and Recommendations for Preventing Excessive Gestational Weight Gain [2024]
    • Exercise versus Metformin to Improve Pregnancy Outcomes among Overweight Pregnant Women: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis [2021]
    • Health in Preconception, Pregnancy and Postpartum Global Alliance: International Network Preconception Research Priorities for the Prevention of Maternal Obesity and Related Pregnancy and Long-Term Complications [2019]
  • Journal of Medical Internet Research
    • Association of Digital Health Interventions With Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2025]
  • Medicine
    • The effects of exercise intervention on complications and pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women with overweight or obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2023]
  • Obesity Reviews
    • Association between maternal adiposity measures and adverse maternal outcomes of pregnancy: Systematic review and meta-analysis [2022]
    • A meta-review of systematic reviews of lifestyle interventions for reducing gestational weight gain in women with overweight or obesity [2021]
    • Guidelines for the management of pregnant women with obesity: A systematic review [2020]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Estimated global overweight and obesity burden in pregnant women based on panel data model [2018]
  • Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders
    • Periconceptional biomarkers for maternal obesity: a systematic review [2023]
  • Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia
    • Dietary Patterns during Pregnancy and Gestational Weight Gain: A Systematic Review [2022]
  • Therapeutic Advances in Reproductive Health
    • A review of maternal overweight and obesity and its impact on cardiometabolic outcomes during pregnancy and postpartum [2021]
  • World Obesity Federation
    • Pregnancy & Obesity
• Italy
  • BMC Public Health
    • Monitoring gestational weight gain: setting up a regional surveillance system in Italy [2023]
  • Eating and Weight Disorders
    • Position statement of Italian Society of Obesity (SIO): Gestational Obesity [2024]
• Japan
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Gestational weight gain mediates the effects of energy intake on birth weight among singleton pregnancies in the Japan Environment and Children's Study [2022]
  • Journal of Epidemiology
    • Gestational weight gain growth charts adapted to Japanese pregnancies using a Bayesian approach in a longitudinal study: The Japan Environment and Children’s Study [2021]
    • Pre-pregnancy BMI-specific optimal gestational weight gain for women in Japan [2017]
  • Nagoya Journal of Medical Science
    • Practical weight management to minimize pregnancy complications and promote women's health: the possibility of interpregnancy care [2024]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Pregnancy Outcomes Based on Pre-Pregnancy Body Mass Index in Japanese Women [2016]
  • Scientific Reports
    • Effective gestational weight gain advice to optimize infant birth weight in Japan based on quantile regression analysis [2023]
    • Optimal gestational weight gain for underweight pregnant women in Japan [2019]
    • Investigation of optimal weight gain during pregnancy for Japanese Women [2017]
• Latin America
  • Frontiers in Pediatrics
    • Comparison of Three Gestational Weight Gain Guidelines Under Use in Latin America [2021]
• Low and middle income countries
  • American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
    • Gestational weight gain in 4 low- and middle-income countries and associations with birth outcomes: a secondary analysis of the Women First Trial [2021]
  • BMJ
    • Suboptimal gestational weight gain and neonatal outcomes in low and middle income countries: individual participant data meta-analysis [2023]
  • BMJ Global Health
    • Gestational weight gain in low-income and middle-income countries: a modelling analysis using nationally representative data [2020]
• Malawi
  • Reproductive Health
    • Maternal overweight and obesity and the risk of caesarean birth in Malawi [2019]
• Malaysia
  • Ministry of Health Malaysia
    • Consensus Clinical Guideline on Obesity in Pregnancy [2022]
  • Nutrients
    • Intergenerational Transmission of Obesity from Mothers to Their Offspring: Trends and Associated Factors Derived from the Malaysian National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS) [2022]
• New Zealand
  • Health New Zealand
    • Guidance for Healthy Weight Gain in Pregnancy [2014]
• Norway
  • Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica
    • Pre-pregnancy obesity among immigrant and non-immigrant women in Norway: Prevalence, trends, and subgroup variations [2024]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Associations of pre-pregnancy body mass index and gestational weight gain with pregnancy outcome and postpartum weight retention: a prospective observational cohort study [2014]
• Poland
  • Ginekologia Polska
    • Guidelines of the Polish Society of Gynecologists and Obstetricians on the obstetric care of women with obesity [2023]
  • Scientific Reports
    • Effects of pre-pregnancy BMI and gestational weight gain on pregnancy and neonatal outcomes in Poland [2025]
• Republic of Korea
  • PLoS ONE
    • Is it appropriate for Korean women to adopt the 2009 Institute of Medicine recommendations for gestational weight gain? [2017]
  • Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology
    • Determining optimal gestational weight gain in the Korean population: a retrospective cohort study [2017]
• South and Southeast Asia
  • PLoS ONE
    • Association of maternal obesity with fetal and neonatal death: Evidence from South and South-East Asian countries [2021]
• South Asia
  • Obesity Reviews
    • Effects of maternal anthropometrics on pregnancy outcomes in South Asian women: a systematic review [2018]
• Sub-Saharan Africa
  • Annals of Global Health
    • Country-Level Analysis of the Association between Maternal Obesity and Neonatal Mortality in 34 Sub-Saharan African Countries [2019]
  • Life
    • Maternal Obesity as a Risk Factor for Caesarean Delivery in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review [2022]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Gestational weight gain in sub-Saharan Africa: Estimation based on pseudo-cohort design [2021]
    • Gestational weight gain and its effect on birth outcomes in sub-Saharan Africa: Systematic review and meta-analysis [2020]
  • Tropical Medicine & International Health
    • Maternal obesity and Caesarean delivery in sub-Saharan Africa [2016]
• Sweden
  • Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica
    • Relation between perinatal outcome and gestational duration in term primiparous pregnancies stratified by body mass index [2022]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Prolonged pregnancy and stillbirth among women with overweight or obesity - a population-based study in Sweden including 64,632 women [2023]
  • BMJ
    • Risk of major congenital malformations in relation to maternal overweight and obesity severity: cohort study of 1.2 million singletons [2017]
  • PLoS Medicine
    • Inter-pregnancy Weight Change and Risks of Severe Birth-Asphyxia-Related Outcomes in Singleton Infants Born at Term: A Nationwide Swedish Cohort Study [2016]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Body mass index and gestational weight gain in migrant women by birth regions compared with Swedish-born women: A registry linkage study of 0.5 million pregnancies [2020]
    • Prediction of stillbirth in women with overweight or obesity—A register-based cohort study [2018]
  • Scientific Reports
    • Obesity rates in two generations of Swedish women entering pregnancy, and associated obesity risk among adult daughters [2015]
• Taiwan
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Decreased Physical Activity during Pregnancy Is Associated with Excessive Gestational Weight Gain [2021]
    • Maternal Prepregnancy Body Mass Index, Gestational Weight Gain, and Risk of Adverse Perinatal Outcomes in Taiwan: A Population-Based Birth Cohort Study [2020]
  • Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
    • Inadequate gestational weight gain contributes to increasing rates of low birth weight in Taiwan: 2011–2016 nationwide surveys [2021]
    • Gestational weight gain and risks for adverse perinatal outcomes: A retrospective cohort study based on the 2009 Institute of Medicine guidelines [2015]
• Thailand
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Prevalence and related factors of inappropriate gestational weight gain among pregnant women with overweight/ obesity in Thailand [2023]
• United Kingdom
  • BMC Health Services Research
    • Healthy weight services in England before, during and after pregnancy: a mixed methods approach [2020]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Clinical guidelines for the management of weight during pregnancy: a qualitative evidence synthesis of practice recommendations across NHS Trusts in England [2023]
    • Maternal obesity classes, preterm and post-term birth: a retrospective analysis of 479,864 births in England [2019]
    • Obesity and normal birth: A qualitative study of clinician’s management of obese pregnant women during labour [2015]
    • Existing maternal obesity guidelines may increase inequalities between ethnic groups: a national epidemiological study of 502,474 births in England [2012]
  • BMJ Open
    • Cohort study of high maternal body mass index and the risk of adverse pregnancy and delivery outcomes in Scotland [2020]
  • British Journal of General Practice
    • Obesity in pregnant women: a primary care perspective on pre-conception counselling and the role of supplements [2020]
  • International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics
    • Guidelines and interventions for obesity during pregnancy [2012]
  • NHS England
    • Pregnant Women with a Raised BMI [2015]
  • Obesity Reviews
    • Newspaper media framing of obesity during pregnancy in the UK: A review and framework synthesis [2022]
  • Right Decisions
    • Obesity, Management in pregnancy
  • Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Care of Women with Obesity in Pregnancy [2018]
  • WISDOM
    • Management of Obesity during Pregnancy Guideline [2024]
• United States
  • Advances in Nutrition
    • Racial-Ethnic Differences in Pregnancy-Related Weight [2012]
  • Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
    • Counseling and Behavioral Interventions for Healthy Weight and Weight Gain in Pregnancy: A Systematic Review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force [2021]
  • American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
    • Weight Gain During Pregnancy [2013]
  • American Family Physician
    • Obesity in Pregnancy: Risks and Management [2018]
  • American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
    • Gestational weight gain below recommendations and adverse maternal and child health outcomes for pregnancies with overweight or obesity: a United States cohort study [2024]
    • Do current pregnancy weight gain guidelines balance risks of adverse maternal and child health in a United States cohort? [2024]
  • American Journal of Epidemiology
    • Gestational Weight Gain and Birth Outcome: A Comparison of Methods of Accounting for Gestational Age [2022]
  • American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology
    • Gestational weight gain [2017]
    • Weight gain in pregnancy: does the Institute of Medicine have it right? [2015]
    • Trends in gestational weight gain: the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, 2000—2009 [2015]
  • American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology MFM
    • The association between personal weight gain goals, provider recommendations, and appropriate gestational weight gain [2020]
  • American Journal of Perinatology
    • Gestational Weight Gain and Pregnancy Outcomes among Nulliparous Women [2021]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • The effect of the 2009 revised U.S. guidelines for gestational weight gain on maternal and infant health: a quasi-experimental study [2023]
    • Gestational weight gain and group prenatal care: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2020]
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Prevalence and Trends in Prepregnancy Normal Weight — 48 States, New York City, and District of Columbia, 2011–2015 [2018]
    • Prepregnancy Body Mass Index by Maternal Characteristics and State: Data From the Birth Certificate, 2014 [2016]
  • Cureus
    • Increasing Pre-pregnancy Body Mass Index and Pregnancy Outcomes in the United States [2022]
  • Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism
    • Optimizing Weight for Maternal and Infant Health – Tenable, or Too Late? [2014]
  • Healthcare
    • Impact of Pre-Pregnancy Weight and Gestational Weight Gain on Birth Outcomes by Nativity in the United States: A Systematic Review [2017]
  • Journal of Clinical Investigation
    • Time to change weight gain recommendations for pregnant women with obesity [2019]
  • Journal of Environmental and Public Health
    • Prevalence and Social and Built Environmental Determinants of Maternal Prepregnancy Obesity in 68 Major Metropolitan Cities of the United States, 2013–2016 [2021]
  • Journal of General Internal Medicine
    • Pregnancy-Related Weight Gain and the Obesity Epidemic-a Missed Opportunity: Systematic Review of Clinical Practice Recommendations [2022]
  • Journal of Obesity
    • Marked Disparities in Pre-Pregnancy Obesity and Overweight Prevalence among US Women by Race/Ethnicity, Nativity/Immigrant Status, and Sociodemographic Characteristics, 2012–2014 [2019]
  • Journal of the American Heart Association
    • Trends in Prepregnancy Obesity and Association With Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in the United States, 2013 to 2018 [2021]
  • Maternal and Child Health Journal
    • Reducing Maternal Obesity and Diabetes Risks Prior to Conception with the National Diabetes Prevention Program [2023]
  • National Academies Press
    • Weight Gain During Pregnancy: Reexamining the Guidelines - Institute of Medicine (US) and National Research Council (US) Committee to Reexamine IOM Pregnancy Weight Guidelines [2009]
  • National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
    • Short-term neonatal outcomes of pregnancies complicated by maternal obesity [2023]
    • The association between maternal pre-pregnancy BMI, gestational weight gain and child adiposity: A racial-ethnically diverse cohort of children [2022]
    • Association Between Gestational Weight Gain and Perinatal Outcomes [2018]
    • Inadequate weight gain in overweight and obese pregnant women: what is the effect on fetal growth? [2014]
    • Pregnancy outcomes with weight gain above or below the 2009 Institute of Medicine guidelines [2013]
  • Nutrition Reviews
    • Gestational weight gain recommendations in the context of the obesity epidemic [2013]
  • Obstetrics & Gynecology
    • Prevalence and Characteristics Associated With Gestational Weight Gain Adequacy [2015]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Associations between pre-pregnancy BMI, gestational weight gain, and prenatal diet quality in a national sample [2019]
  • Pregnancy Hypertension
    • Weight gain in early, mid, and late pregnancy and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy [2020]
  • Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine
    • Coding Obesity in Pregnancy - Updated [2022]
  • U.S. Preventive Services Task Force
    • Healthy Weight and Weight Gain In Pregnancy: Behavioral Counseling Interventions [2021]
• Uruguay
  • Frontiers in Endocrinology
    • Excessive Maternal Weight and Diabetes Are Risk Factors for Macrosomia: A Cross-Sectional Study of 42,663 Pregnancies in Uruguay [2020]
• WHO
  • World Health Organization
    • Global gestational weight gain standards project: eligibility criteria for the inclusion of study datasets into the pooled underlying database [2023]
    • Development of Global gestational weight gain standards
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Obstetrics, perinatology

Obstetrics, perinatology

• Africa
  • WHO African Region
    • A Pocket Guide for Clinical Management of Obstetric and Neonatal Emergencies in Africa [2022]
    • Maternal Health
• Americas
  • Pan American Health Organization
    • Recommendations for the management of major obstetric emergencies [2024]
    • Maternal Health
• Australia
  • Australian Institute of Health and Welfare
    • National Perinatal Data Collection data availability resource
    • Mothers & babies
  • Better Safer Care
    • Maternity ehandbook
  • Queensland Health
    • Maternity and Neonatal Clinical Guidelines
  • SA Health
    • Perinatal Practice Guidelines
• Australia, New Zealand
  • Perinatal Society of Australia and New Zealand
    • Perinatal Society of Australia and New Zealand (PSANZ) 2023 Annual Congress "Laneways to Better Perinatal Outcomes", 5-8 March 2023, Melbourne Convention Centre, Melbourne, Victoria [2023]
    • Perinatal Society of Australia and New Zealand (PSANZ) 2022 Annual Congress, "Better Together: Collaborative Care, Research and Guidelines", 15-18 May 2022, Adelaide Convention Centre, Adelaide, South Australia [2022]
• Burundi
  • BMJ Open
    • Eight years into the horizon of aspirational maternal and newborn health pledges: a nationwide cross-sectional exploration of the Burundian EmONC network capacity and budget deficits [2024]
• Cambodia
  • WHO Western Pacific Region
    • Assessing maternal and newborn hospital data in Cambodia [2018]
• Canada
  • Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health
    • Interdisciplinary Care Approach for Perinatal Patients in Acute Care Settings: Clinical Effectiveness, Cost-Effectiveness, and Guidelines [2019]
  • Public Health Agency of Canada
    • Perinatal Health Indicators 2013: a Surveillance Report by the Public Health Agency of Canada’s Perinatal Surveillance System [2015]
    • Perinatal Health Indicators
    • Family-Centred Maternity and Newborn Care: National Guidelines
  • Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada
    • Investigation and Management of Non-immune Fetal Hydrops [2018]
    • Delayed Child-Bearing [2017]
• China
  • Scientific Reports
    • Trends in maternal and child health in China and its urban and rural areas from 1991 to 2020: a joinpoint regression model [2024]
• Denmark
  • BMJ Open
    • Obstetric and non-obstetric surgery during pregnancy: A 20-year Danish population-based prevalence study [2019]
• Europe
  • Euro-Peristat
    • Developing and testing a protocol using a common data model for federated collection and analysis of national perinatal health indicators in Europe [2023]
    • Linking databases on perinatal health: a review of the literature and current practices in Europe [2016]
    • National Perinatal Health Reports
  • WHO European Region
    • Mental health: fact sheet on Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): health targets [2018]
    • Maternal and newborn health EURO
• France
  • Journal of Gynecology Obstetrics and Human Reproduction
    • Results of the 2021 French National Perinatal Survey and trends in perinatal health in metropolitan France since 1995 [2022]
• Germany
  • Deutsches Ärzteblatt International
    • The Treatment of Illnesses Arising in Pregnancy [2017]
  • Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde
    • Analysis of the German Perinatal Survey of the Years 2007–2011 and Comparison with Data From 1995–1997: Maternal Characteristics [2013]
• Guinea-Bissau
  • World Bank
    • Guinea Bissau : Qualitative Assessment of Demand Side Constraints to Access Maternal and Child Health Services [2019]
• India
  • Journal of Global Health
    • High-risk pregnancy in India: Prevalence and contributing risk factors - a national survey-based analysis [2023]
  • Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology
    • Oral health knowledge and awareness among pregnant women in India: A systematic review [2015]
• Indonesia
  • Nutrients
    • Predictors of Poor Neonatal Outcomes among Pregnant Women in Indonesia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2022]
• International
  • American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology MFM
    • Pregnancy outcomes at maternal age over 45 years: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2023]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Indicators for monitoring maternal and neonatal quality care: a systematic review [2019]
    • eRegistries: indicators for the WHO Essential Interventions for reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health [2016]
    • eRegistries: governance for electronic maternal and child health registries [2016]
    • eRegistries: Electronic registries for maternal and child health [2016]
  • BMJ Global Health
    • Developing and applying a 'living guidelines' approach to WHO recommendations on maternal and perinatal health [2019]
    • Mapping the landscape of global programmes to evaluate health interventions in pregnancy: the need for harmonised approaches, standards and tools [2018]
  • International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics
    • Pregnancy after cancer: FIGO Best practice advice [2025]
  • Médecins Sans Frontières
    • Essential obstetric and newborn care [2019]
  • PLoS ONE
    • “What gets measured better gets done better”: The landscape of validation of global maternal and newborn health indicators through key informant interviews [2019]
    • Measures matter: A scoping review of maternal and newborn indicators [2018]
  • United Nations Population Fund
    • The Maternal Health and Newborn Thematic Fund 2022 Annual report [2024]
    • Maternal and Newborn Health Thematic Fund Annual Report 2023 [2024]
• Ireland
  • Ireland's Health Services
    • National Training Standards for Obstetric Emergencies, Fetal Monitoring, & Neonatal Resuscitation [2024]
• Kosovo
  • Implementation Science
    • Determinants of implementation of maternal health guidelines in Kosovo: mixed methods study [2013]
• Latin America and the Caribbean
  • Pan American Health Organization
    • Report on Indigenous Women’s Maternal Health in Latin America and the Caribbean. Summary [2023]
• Low and middle income countries
  • BMC Medicine
    • Impact of mHealth interventions on maternal, newborn, and child health from conception to 24 months postpartum in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review [2024]
  • BMJ Global Health
    • Are the poorest poor being left behind? Estimating global inequalities in reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health [2020]
  • Journal of Clinical Epidemiology
    • Low- and middle-income countries face many common barriers to implementation of maternal health evidence products [2016]
  • Journal of Global Health
    • Use of a participatory quality assessment and improvement tool for maternal and neonatal hospital care. Part 2: Review of the results of quality cycles and of factors influencing change [2020]
    • Use of a participatory quality assessment and improvement tool for maternal and neonatal hospital care. Part 1: Review of implementation features and observed quality gaps in 25 countries [2020]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Assessing the Effect of mHealth Interventions in Improving Maternal and Neonatal Care in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review [2016]
  • Social Science & Medicine
    • Changes in the health systems and policy environment for maternal and newborn health, 2008-2018: An analysis of data from 78 low-income and middle-income countries [2023]
• Low-income countries
  • PLoS ONE
    • Barriers, Facilitators and Priorities for Implementation of WHO Maternal and Perinatal Health Guidelines in Four Lower-Income Countries: A GREAT Network Research Activity [2016]
• Mauritius
  • WHO African Region
    • Mauritius Maternal and Child Health Handbook [2021]
• Netherlands
  • Midwifery
    • Trends in perinatal outcomes of women with chronic medical conditions: A 10-year population-based study in the Netherlands [2023]
• Nigeria
  • BMJ Global Health
    • Aspirations and realities of intergovernmental collaboration in national- level interventions: insights from maternal, neonatal and child health policy processes in Nigeria, 2009-2019 [2023]
  • BMJ Open
    • Scoping review of maternal and newborn health interventions and programmes in Nigeria [2022]
  • Health Promotion Perspectives
    • Promoting evidence informed policy making in Nigeria: a review of the maternal, newborn and child health policy development process [2017]
    • An assessment of maternal, newborn and child health implementation studies in Nigeria: implications for evidence informed policymaking and practice [2016]
• Norway
  • BMC Health Services Research
    • Adverse events reporting by obstetric units in Norway as part of their quality assurance and patient safety work: an analysis of practice [2021]
• Philippines
  • Western Pacific Surveillance and Response Journal
    • Guidelines and training for maternal and newborn care post-Haiyan [2015]
• Republic of Korea
  • Journal of Korean Medical Science
    • Social Inequality in Birth Outcomes in Korea, 1995-2008 [2013]
• Sub-Saharan Africa
  • BMC Pediatrics
    • Association between pregnancy intention and completion of newborn and infant continuum of care in Sub-Saharan Africa: systematic review and meta-analysis [2024]
  • BMJ Global Health
    • Large and persistent subnational inequalities in reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health intervention coverage in sub-Saharan Africa [2020]
  • Implementation Science
    • How to know what you need to do': a cross-country comparison of maternal health guidelines in Burkina Faso, Ghana and Tanzania [2012]
• Suriname
  • BMC Health Services Research
    • Bottom-up development of national obstetric guidelines in middle-income country Suriname [2019]
• Sweden
  • Swedish Agency for Health Technology Assessment and Assessment of Social Services
    • Core Outcome Sets (COS) related to pregnancy and childbirth: a systematic review [2021]
• Uganda
  • BMC Health Services Research
    • Trends in inequality in maternal and child health and health care in Uganda: Analysis of the Uganda demographic and health surveys [2023]
  • Ministry of Health Uganda
    • Essential Maternal and Newborn Clinical Protocols [2022]
    • Essential Maternal and Newborn Clinical Care Guidelines for Uganda [2022]
• United Kingdom
  • National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
    • Pregnancy
  • NHS England
    • Care of women who are pregnant and post-natal in detained settings service specification [2022]
    • Maternal intravenous immunoglobulin for the prevention of allo-immune fetal and neonatal haemochromatosis [2019]
    • Endocrine disorders in pregnancy guideline [2018]
  • Office for Health Improvement and Disparities
    • Child and maternal health statistics
    • Child and Maternal Health
• United States
  • American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
    • Pregnancy at Age 35 Years or Older [2022]
    • Nonobstetric Surgery During Pregnancy [2019]
    • Oral Health Care During Pregnancy and Through the Lifespan [2013]
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System
    • Pregnancy
    • Births and Natality
  • JAMA
    • Associations of Unintended Pregnancy With Maternal and Infant Health Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis [2022]
  • Journal of the American Heart Association
    • Temporal Trends in Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Birthing Individuals Aged 15 to 44 Years in the United States, 2007 to 2019 [2022]
  • Journal of Women's Health
    • Implementing CDC’s Level of Care Assessment Tool (LOCATe): A National Collaboration to Improve Maternal and Child Health [2018]
  • National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
    • Placental origins of adverse pregnancy outcomes: potential molecular targets: an Executive Workshop Summary of the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development [2016]
  • Scientific Reports
    • Burden of maternal and fetal outcomes among pregnant cancer survivors during delivery hospitalizations in the United States [2022]
  • Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine
    • Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine Position Statement: Prioritizing and investing in pregnancy research [2025]
    • SMFM Consult Series #46: Evaluation and management of polyhydramnios [2018]
    • Quality measures in high-risk pregnancies: Executive Summary of a Cooperative Workshop of the Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, and the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists [2017]
    • Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine (SMFM) Clinical Guideline #7: nonimmune hydrops fetalis [2015]
  • U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs
    • Management of Pregnancy [2023]
• Vietnam
  • World Health Organization
    • Integrating services for maternal, newborn and child health and noncommunicable diseases at district- level facilities: Viet Nam country perspective [2024]
• WHO
  • World Health Organization
    • WHO recommendations on maternal health: guidelines approved by the WHO Guidelines Review Committee, second edition [2025]
    • Toolkit for adaptation of the WHO recommendations for a positive pregnancy and postnatal experience: web annex D: summary of updates to recommendations [2025]
    • Toolkit for adaptation of the WHO recommendations for a positive pregnancy and postnatal experience: web annex C: qualitative evidence synthesis slides [2025]
    • Toolkit for adaptation of the WHO recommendations for a positive pregnancy and postnatal experience [2025]
    • Roadmap for research on maternal and perinatal health in the context of epidemic threats [2024]
    • Strengthening implementation of home-based records for maternal, newborn and child health: a guide for country programme managers [2022]
    • Improving the quality of care for maternal, newborn and child health: implementation guide for national, district and facility levels [2022]
    • Five functions to improve quality of care for maternal newborn and child health [2021]
    • Integrating stakeholder and community engagement in quality of care initiatives for maternal, newborn and child health [2020]
    • Quality of care for Maternal and Newborn- a monitoring framework for network countries [2019]
    • Quality, equity, dignity: the network to improve quality of care for maternal, newborn and child health – strategic objectives [2018]
    • Defining competent maternal and newborn health professionals: background document to the 2018 joint statement by WHO, UNFPA, UNICEF, ICM, ICN, FIGO and IPA: definition of skilled health personnel providing care during childbirth [2018]
    • Working with individuals, families and communities to improve maternal and newborn health: a toolkit for implementation [2017]
    • WHO recommendations on maternal health: guidelines approved by the WHO Guidelines Review Committee [2017]
    • WHO recommendations on health promotion interventions for maternal and newborn health 2015 [2015]
    • Pregnancy, childbirth, postpartum and newborn care [2015]
    • Consultation on improving measurement of the quality of maternal, newborn and child care in health facilities [2014]
    • Counselling for maternal and newborn health care [2013]
    • Monitoring maternal, newborn and child health : understanding key progress indicators [2011]
    • WHO recommended interventions for improving maternal and newborn health : integrated management of pregnancy and childbirth [2009]
    • Education material for teachers of midwifery : midwifery education modules [2008]
    • The Network for Improving Quality of Care for Maternal, Newborn and Child Health (Quality of Care Network)
    • Mother and Newborn Information for Tracking Outcomes and Results (MoNITOR)
    • Maternal health
• WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region
  • WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region
    • Summary report on the Third annual intercountry meeting of maternal and child health programme managers in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, Amman, Jordan 11–14 September 2017 [2017]
• WHO South-East Asia Region
  • WHO South-East Asia Region
    • Improving the quality of care for mothers, newborns and children in health facilities: learner manual. Version 3 [2020]
    • Improving the quality of care for mothers, newborns and children in health facilities: facilitator manual. Version 3 [2020]
• WHO Western Pacific Region
  • WHO Western Pacific Region
    • Maternal health
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Trauma in pregnancy
    • Thyroid diseases in pregnancy
    • Substance use in pregnancy, neonatal abstinence syndrome
    • Stillbirth, perinatal mortality, neonatal mortality
    • Smoking in pregnancy
    • Skin diseases in pregnancy
    • Rh isoimmunization, blood group incompatibility
    • Respiratory tract diseases, hypersensitivity in pregnancy
    • Prolonged pregnancy
    • Prenatal screening and diagnosis
    • Prenatal nutrition, dietary supplements in pregnancy
    • Pregnancy tests
    • Preeclampsia, eclampsia, hypertension in pregnancy
    • Preconception care
    • Obesity in pregnancy, gestational weight gain
    • Neurologic and mental disorders in pregnancy
    • Neural tube defects, folic acid
    • Neonatology
    • Nausea and vomiting in pregnancy, hyperemesis gravidarum
    • Musculoskeletal diseases in pregnancy
    • Multiple pregnancy
    • Medications in pregnancy
    • Maternity services
    • Maternal mortality and morbidity
    • Maternal and neonatal infections
    • Labor, delivery, postpartum
    • Kidney diseases in pregnancy
    • Hematologic diseases in pregnancy, anemia in pregnancy
    • Gestational diabetes
    • Fetal therapy
    • Fetal maturation, antenatal corticosteroids
    • Fetal growth restriction
    • Fetal alcohol syndrome, alcohol in pregnancy
    • Exercise and physical activity in pregnancy
    • Environmental exposures in pregnancy
    • Embolism and thrombosis in pregnancy
    • Digestive system diseases in pregnancy
    • Diabetes in pregnancy, pregnancy in diabetics, pre-existing diabetes
    • Cardiovascular diseases in pregnancy
    • Breast cancer and pregnancy
    • Bleeding in pregnancy, placenta diseases
    • Autoimmune diseases in pregnancy
    • Antenatal care
    • Adolescent pregnancy

Preconception care

• Africa
  • Cardiovascular Journal of Africa
    • Pre-conception counselling for key cardiovascular conditions in Africa: optimising pregnancy outcomes [2016]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Mothers’ utilization and associated factors of preconception care in Africa, a systematic review and meta-analysis [2021]
• Australia
  • Australian Journal of General Practice
    • Preconception care [2024]
    • Interconception care [2020]
  • Public Health Research and Practice
    • Policies and healthcare to support preconception planning and weight management: optimising long-term health for women and children [2022]
  • Queensland Health
    • Preconception and prenatal genetic screening
  • Royal Australian College of General Practitioners
    • Reproductive carrier screening
    • Preconception
  • SA Health
    • Preconception Advice Clinical Guideline
  • Seminars in Reproductive Medicine
    • Setting Preconception Care Priorities in Australia Using a Delphi Technique [2022]
• Australia, Europe, United States
  • Lancet Public Health
    • Addressing reproductive health needs across the life course: an integrated, community-based model combining contraception and preconception care [2023]
• Australia, New Zealand
  • Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Pre-pregnancy counselling [2024]
    • Genetic carrier screening [2019]
• Belgium
  • Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences
    • Systematic development of an evidence-based website on preconception care [2016]
• Belize
  • Ministry of Health and Wellness Belize
    • Preconception care and obstetrics [2018]
• Brazil
  • Ciência & Saúde Coletiva
    • Prevalence of preconception health indicators among Brazilian women of reproductive age [2023]
• Canada
  • Canadian Family Physician
    • Preconception care: Call for national guidelines [2013]
  • Family Medicine and Community Health
    • Medical, behavioural and social preconception and interconception risk factors among pregnancy planning and recently pregnant Canadian women [2022]
  • Perinatal Services BC
    • Preconception Health Care
    • Physical Activity During the Preconception Period
    • Mental Health During the Preconception Period
    • Healthy Eating During the Preconception Period
  • Public Health Agency of Canada
    • Preconception care [2018]
• China
  • BMC Health Services Research
    • China’s community-based strategy of universal preconception care in rural areas at a population level using a novel risk classification system for stratifying couples´ preconception health status [2016]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Factors influencing the quality of preconception healthcare in China: applying a preconceptional instrument to assess healthcare needs [2014]
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • Nationwide-free preconception care strategy: Experience from China [2022]
• Ethiopia
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • The magnitude of preconception care utilization and associated factors among women in Ethiopia: systematic review and meta-analysis, 2024 [2025]
  • BMJ Open
    • Association between preconception care and family planning and previous adverse birth outcomes in Ethiopia: systematic review and meta-analysis [2024]
  • Ministry of Health Ethiopia
    • National Preconception Care Guideline [2024]
  • Reproductive Health
    • Knowledge and utilisation of preconception care and associated factors among women in Ethiopia: systematic review and meta-analysis [2021]
• India
  • Federation of Obstetric and Gynecological Societies of India
    • Good Clinical Practice Recommendations on Preconception Care [2016]
  • Indian Academy of Pediatrics
    • Indian Academy of Pediatrics Consensus Guidelines on Preconception Care [2024]
• International
  • American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology
    • Counseling and surveillance of obstetrical risks for female childhood, adolescent, and young adult cancer survivors: recommendations from the International Late Effects of Childhood Cancer Guideline Harmonization Group [2021]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Preconception health policy, health promotion, and health services to achieve health in current and future generations: a narrative review [2025]
  • BMC Public Health
    • Paternal preconception modifiable risk factors for adverse pregnancy and offspring outcomes: a review of contemporary evidence from observational studies [2023]
  • BMC Women's Health
    • Behavior changes to promote preconception health: a systematic review [2025]
  • British Journal of General Practice
    • Effectiveness of preconception interventions in primary care: a systematic review [2022]
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • Outcomes of an International Workshop on Preconception Expanded Carrier Screening: Some Considerations for Governments [2017]
  • International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics
    • FIGO Preconception Checklist: Preconception care for mother and baby [2024]
    • Preconception Care: Making the Difference for Mother and Baby [2023]
    • Prevention of noncommunicable diseases by interventions in the preconception period: A FIGO position paper for action by healthcare practitioners [2020]
  • Reproductive Health
    • Preconception care: closing the gap in the continuum of care to accelerate improvements in maternal, newborn and child health [2014]
  • Seminars in Reproductive Medicine
    • A Systematic Review of Clinical Guidelines for Preconception Care [2022]
  • Systematic Reviews
    • Role of preconception nutrition supplements in maternal anemia and intrauterine growth: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials [2025]
• Ireland, United Kingdom
  • BMC Public Health
    • Preconception health and care policies, strategies and guidelines in the UK and Ireland: a scoping review [2024]
• Low and middle income countries
  • BMJ Open
    • Understanding preconception care: a scoping review of knowledge, attitudes and practices among reproductive age individuals, healthcare workers and stakeholders in low- and middle-income countries [2025]
  • Nutrients
    • Effects of Preconception Care and Periconception Interventions on Maternal Nutritional Status and Birth Outcomes in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review [2020]
  • PLoS ONE
    • The economic burden of perinatal mortality due to inaction on preconception health in low and middle-income countries: A population attributable fraction and economic impact analysis [2025]
• Malaysia
  • BMC Public Health
    • Pre-pregnancy community-based intervention for couples in Malaysia: application of intervention mapping [2016]
• Netherlands
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Planning is not equivalent to preparing, how Dutch women perceive their pregnancy planning in relation to preconceptional lifestyle behaviour change - a cross-sectional study [2022]
    • Associations between periconceptional lifestyle behaviours and adverse pregnancy outcomes [2021]
  • Midwifery
    • Current preconception care practice in the Netherlands - An evaluation study among birth care professionals [2023]
    • How to improve preconception care in a local setting? Views from Dutch multidisciplinary healthcare providers [2022]
• Nigeria
  • Reproductive Health
    • "Is the health system ready?" A qualitative exploration of stakeholders' opinions about the feasibility of preconception care services in the Nigerian health system [2022]
• Sub-Saharan Africa
  • African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine
    • Current state of preconception care in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic scoping review [2022]
  • Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition
    • Preconception health risks among women of reproductive age in Sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review of implications for preconception care [2025]
• United Kingdom
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Prevalence and patterns of pre-existing multimorbidity in pregnancy in Northern Ireland: a population-based, retrospective study using linked routinely collected healthcare data [2025]
    • Epidemiology of pre-existing multimorbidity in pregnant women in the UK in 2018: a population-based cross-sectional study [2022]
    • Health behaviours in 131,182 UK women planning pregnancy [2021]
  • British Journal of General Practice
    • Preconception indicators and associations with health outcomes reported in UK routine primary care data: a systematic review [2025]
  • Public Health England
    • Preconception care: making the case
  • UK Preconception Partnership
    • What Does 'Preconception Health' Mean to People? A Public Consultation on Awareness and Use of Language [2024]
    • Women's preconception health in England: a report card based on cross-sectional analysis of national maternity services data from 2018/2019 [2023]
    • Preconception care in primary care: supporting patients to have healthier pregnancies and babies [2022]
    • Characterising and monitoring preconception health in England: a review of national population-level indicators and core data sources [2022]
    • A wake-up call for preconception health: a clinical review [2021]
• United States
  • American Academy of Family Physicians
    • Preconception Care (Position Paper) [2022]
  • American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
    • Prepregnancy counseling: Committee Opinion No. 762 [2019]
  • American Family Physician
    • Recommendations for Preconception Counseling and Care [2013]
  • American Journal of Men's Health
    • Men's Preconception Health and Fertility Intentions: A Latent Class Analysis Approach [2022]
  • American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology MFM
    • Preconception care and severe maternal morbidity in the United States [2022]
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Impact of Geography and Rurality on Preconception Health Status in the United States [2023]
    • Association Between Recommended Preconception Health Behaviors and Screenings and Improvements in Cardiometabolic Outcomes of Pregnancy [2021]
    • Disparities in Preconception Health Indicators — Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2013–2015, and Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, 2013–2014 [2018]
  • Health Affairs
    • ACA Medicaid Expansions Increased Preconception Health Counseling, Folic Acid Intake, and Effective Postpartum Contraception [2020]
  • Journal of Women's Health
    • Surveillance Indicators for Women’s Preconception Care [2020]
    • Sexual Orientation Disparities in Preconception Health [2020]
  • Mayo Clinic Proceedings: Innovations, Quality & Outcomes
    • Interconception Care for Primary Care Providers: Consensus Recommendations on Preconception and Postpartum Management of Reproductive-Age Patients With Medical Comorbidities [2021]
  • National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
    • Pre-Pregnancy Care and Prenatal Care
  • National Society of Genetic Counselors
    • Expanded carrier screening for reproductive risk assessment: An evidence-based practice guideline from the National Society of Genetic Counselors [2023]
  • Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine
    • Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine Consult Series #66: Prepregnancy evaluation and pregnancy management of patients with solid organ transplants [2023]
  • Women's Health Issues
    • Preconception Health Risks among U.S. Women: Disparities at the Intersection of Disability and Race or Ethnicity [2021]
• Western countries
  • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene
    • A comprehensive assessment of preconception health needs and interventions regarding women of childbearing age: a systematic review [2022]
  • Midwifery
    • Experiences in the delivery of preconception and pregnancy care for LGBTIQA+ people: A systematic review and thematic synthesis of patient and healthcare provider perspectives [2023]
• WHO
  • World Health Organization
    • Reframing care and services to improve preconception health: meeting report, Geneva, Switzerland, 8-9 May 2024 [2024]
    • Preconception care: Maximizing the gains for maternal and child health - Policy brief [2013]
    • Preconception care to reduce maternal and childhood mortality and morbidity [2013]
    • Meeting to develop a global consensus on preconception care to reduce maternal and childhood mortality and morbidity: World Health Organization Headquarters, Geneva, 6–7 February 2012: meeting report [2013]
• WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region
  • WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region
    • Summary report on the informal working group on promoting preconception care in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, Cairo, Egypt 7–8 September 2015 [2016]
    • Summary report on the meeting on promoting preconception care in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, Muscat, Oman 25–27 March 2015 [2015]
• WHO South-East Asia Region
  • WHO South-East Asia Region
    • Preconception care [2014]
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Obstetrics, perinatology

Preeclampsia, eclampsia, hypertension in pregnancy

• Afghanistan
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Prevention and management of severe pre-eclampsia/eclampsia in Afghanistan [2013]
• Africa
  • PLoS ONE
    • Maternal lipid profile and risk of pre-eclampsia in African pregnant women: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2020]
• Australia
  • Australian Journal of General Practice
    • Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy: Approach to diagnosis and management in general practice [2024]
    • Indications for commencing aspirin for the prevention of pregnancy-induced hypertension and pre-eclampsia spectrum disorders [2022]
  • Australian Prescriber
    • Management of hypertension in pregnancy [2021]
  • Better Safer Care
    • Hypertension in pregnancy
  • BMC Cardiovascular Disorders
    • The long-term risk of cardiovascular disease among women with a history of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: a systematic review of clinical practice guidelines [2023]
  • Queensland Health
    • Hypertension and pregnancy
  • SA Health
    • Hypertensive Disorders in Pregnancy
• Australia, New Zealand
  • Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Early pregnancy screening and prevention of preterm preeclampsia and related complications [2024]
  • Society of Obstetric Medicine of Australia and New Zealand
    • A summary of the 2023 Society of Obstetric Medicine of Australia and New Zealand (SOMANZ) hypertension in pregnancy guideline [2024]
    • SOMANZ Hypertension in Pregnancy Guideline 2023 [2023]
• Bangladesh
  • Journal of Global Health
    • Preeclampsia and eclampsia-specific maternal mortality in Bangladesh: Levels, trends, timing, and care-seeking practices [2023]
• Bangladesh, Nigeria
  • Journal of Global Health
    • “What’s in a name?”: Exploring inconsistent and contradictory definitions and clinical guidelines for hypertensive disorders of pregnancy from published literature from Nigeria and Bangladesh [2020]
• Brazil
  • Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia
    • 7th Brazilian Guideline of Arterial Hypertension: Chapter 9 - Arterial Hypertension in pregnancy [2016]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Situational analysis of facilitators and barriers to availability and utilization of magnesium sulfate for eclampsia and severe preeclampsia in the public health system in Brazil [2016]
  • Einstein
    • Hypertensive disorders during pregnancy as a major cause of preterm birth and adverse perinatal outcomes: findings from a Brazilian National Survey [2024]
  • Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia
    • Prevalence of Preeclampsia in Brazil: An Integrative Review [2022]
    • Pre-eclampsia: Universal Screening or Universal Prevention for Low and Middle-Income Settings? [2021]
• BRICS countries
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Time trends in maternal hypertensive disorder incidence in Brazil, Russian Federation, India, China, and South Africa (BRICS): an age-period-cohort analysis for the GBD 2021 [2024]
• Burkina Faso
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Low prevalence of high blood pressure in pregnant women in Burkina Faso: a cross-sectional study [2022]
• Canada
  • American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology
    • Incidence and risk factors for severe preeclampsia, hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet count syndrome, and eclampsia at preterm and term gestation: a population-based study [2021]
  • Association of Ontario Midwives
    • Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy [2023]
  • Canadian Neonatal Network
    • Outcomes of singleton small for gestational age preterm infants exposed to maternal hypertension: a retrospective cohort study [2019]
  • Hypertension Canada
    • Hypertension Canada's 2018 Guidelines for the Management of Hypertension in Pregnancy [2018]
  • Ontario Health
    • Placental Growth Factor (PlGF)- Based Biomarker Testing to Help Diagnose Pre-eclampsia in People With Suspected Pre-eclampsia: A Health Technology Assessment [2023]
    • First-Trimester Screening Program for the Risk of Pre-eclampsia Using a Multiple-Marker Algorithm: A Health Technology Assessment [2022]
  • Perinatal Services BC
    • Low-Dose ASA for the Prevention of Preeclampsia
    • Hypertension
    • HELLP Syndrome
  • Public Health Agency of Canada
    • Trends in rate of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and associated morbidities in Canada: a population-based study (2012-2021) [2024]
    • Maternal Hypertension in Canada
  • Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada
    • Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy: Diagnosis, Prediction, Prevention, and Management [2022]
• China
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Characteristics and fetal outcomes of pregnant women with hypertensive disorders in China: a 9-year national hospital-based cohort study [2022]
  • BMJ Open
    • Associations of pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A level with essential hypertension and hypertensive disorders in pregnancy in Chinese population: a meta-analysis of 20 research studies involving 3332 individuals [2015]
  • China CDC Weekly
    • Incidence and Risk Factors of Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy — 8 Provinces, China, 2014–2018 [2021]
• China, Sweden
  • JAMA Network Open
    • Preeclampsia Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Pregnancy Outcomes in Sweden and China [2021]
• China, United States
  • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
    • Differences in epidemiology of patients with preeclampsia between China and the US (Review) [2021]
• Colombia
  • Colombia Médica
    • Reduction of maternal mortality due to preeclampsia in Colombia-an interrupted time-series analysis [2014]
• Croatia
  • European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology
    • Croatian society for perinatal medicine: Consensus statement and recommendations for the risk assessment of preeclampsia [2021]
• Denmark
  • BMJ
    • Pre-eclampsia and risk of later kidney disease: nationwide cohort study [2019]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and peripartum cardiomyopathy: A nationwide cohort study [2019]
• Ethiopia
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Maternal and perinatal outcomes of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in Ethiopia: systematic review and meta-analysis [2019]
    • Prevalence of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in Ethiopia: a systemic review and meta-analysis [2018]
  • Italian Journal of Pediatrics
    • The impact of pregnancy induced hypertension on low birth weight in Ethiopia: systematic review and meta-analysis [2020]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Factors related to blood pressure assessment during pregnancy in Ethiopia: Multilevel analysis using the 2019 mini demographic and health survey data [2024]
    • Preeclampsia and its determinants in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2023]
    • Prevalence and determinants of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2020]
• Europe
  • BMJ Open
    • Use of magnesium sulfate before 32 weeks of gestation: a European population-based cohort study [2017]
  • European Society of Hypertension
    • Hypertension in pregnancy-what's new in the 2023 ESH Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension [2024]
    • 2023 ESH Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension The Task Force for the management of arterial hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension: Endorsed by the International Society of Hypertension (ISH) and the European Renal Association (ERA) [2023]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Early cost-effectiveness analysis of screening for preeclampsia in nulliparous women: A modelling approach in European high-income settings [2022]
• Europe, United States
  • American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology
    • Planned delivery or expectant management in preeclampsia: an individual participant data meta-analysis [2022]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • An evaluation of the efficacy and the safety of home blood pressure monitoring in the control of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in both pre and postpartum periods: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2023]
• Finland
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • The diagnosis of pre-eclampsia using two revised classifications in the Finnish Pre-eclampsia Consortium (FINNPEC) cohort [2016]
  • BMJ Open
    • Pre-eclampsia and cardiovascular risk: a long-term nationwide cohort study on over 120 000 Finnish women [2023]
• France
  • American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology
    • Time to onset of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular outcomes after hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: a nationwide, population-based retrospective cohort study [2023]
  • Journal of Clinical Hypertension
    • Prevalence of hypertensive disorders during pregnancy in France (2010-2018): The nationwide CONCEPTION study [2021]
  • Journal of the American Heart Association
    • Adverse Maternal and Infant Outcomes in Women With Chronic Hypertension in France (2010-2018): The Nationwide CONCEPTION Study [2023]
• Germany, Switzerland
  • PLoS ONE
    • Cost-effectiveness analysis of implementing screening on preterm pre-eclampsia at first trimester of pregnancy in Germany and Switzerland [2022]
• Ghana
  • Women and Birth
    • A qualitative document analysis of policies influencing preeclampsia management by midwives in Ghana [2022]
• High-income countries
  • American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology
    • Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and long-term risk of maternal stroke-a systematic review and meta-analysis [2023]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Self-monitoring of blood pressure among women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: a systematic review [2022]
  • Open Heart
    • Systematic review of validated case definitions to identify hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in administrative healthcare databases [2023]
• India
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Socioecological factors influencing the risk of developing hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in India: a rapid review [2024]
  • Federation of Obstetric and Gynecological Societies of India
    • FOGSI’s GCPR on Hypertensive Disorders in Pregnancy (HDP) 2019 [2019]
• Indonesia
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) management pathways: results of a Delphi survey to contextualise international recommendations for Indonesian primary care settings [2021]
• International
  • American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology
    • The 2017 American College of Cardiology and American Heart Association blood pressure categories in the second half of pregnancy-a systematic review of their association with adverse pregnancy outcomes [2023]
    • American College of Cardiology and American Heart Association blood pressure categories-a systematic review of the relationship with adverse pregnancy outcomes in the first half of pregnancy [2023]
    • Toward personalized management of chronic hypertension in pregnancy [2022]
  • BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology
    • A core outcome set for pre-eclampsia research: an international consensus development study [2020]
    • Clinical practice patterns on the use of magnesium sulphate for treatment of pre-eclampsia and eclampsia: a multi-country survey [2016]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Global, regional, and national burden, trends, and inequality analysis of maternal hypertensive disorders (MHD) from 1990 to 2021, and predictions to 2046 [2025]
    • Global burden of maternal hypertensive disorders (1990-2045): trends, regional disparities, and causal links to occupational exposures [2025]
    • Efficacy of vitamin D supplementation on the incidence of preeclampsia: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2024]
    • Experiences of women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: a scoping review [2022]
    • Epidemiological trends of maternal hypertensive disorders of pregnancy at the global, regional, and national levels: a population-based study [2021]
    • Are hypertensive disorders in pregnancy associated with congenital malformations in offspring? Evidence from the WHO Multicountry cross sectional survey on maternal and newborn health [2016]
  • BMC Public Health
    • Global, regional, and national burden of maternal hypertensive disorder: 1990-2021 analysis and future projections [2025]
  • BMJ Open
    • Predictive accuracy of ophthalmic artery Doppler for pre-eclampsia: a systematic review [2025]
    • Assessment of the quality and content of national and international guidelines on hypertensive disorders of pregnancy using the AGREE II instrument [2016]
  • British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
    • How to manage hypertension in pregnancy effectively [2011]
  • CMAJ Open
    • Home blood pressure monitoring in the diagnosis and treatment of hypertension in pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2021]
  • Current Hypertension Reports
    • Machine Learning Algorithms Versus Classical Regression Models in Pre-Eclampsia Prediction: A Systematic Review [2024]
    • Prevention, Diagnosis and Management of Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy: A Comparison of International Guidelines [2020]
  • European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
    • Pharmacokinetics of the most commonly used antihypertensive drugs throughout pregnancy methyldopa, labetalol, and nifedipine: a systematic review [2022]
  • Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine
    • Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy and Subsequent Cardiovascular Disease: Current National and International Guidelines and the Need for Future Research [2019]
  • Geneva Foundation for Medical Education and Research
    • The evidence-based management of Pre-eclampsia and Eclampsia - An interactive course for health professionals (2022 update) [2023]
  • Intergrowth-21st
    • International gestational age-specific centiles for blood pressure in pregnancy from the INTERGROWTH-21st Project in 8 countries: A longitudinal cohort study [2021]
  • International Academy of Perinatal Medicine
    • International Academy of Perinatal Medicine (IAPM) guidelines for screening, prediction, prevention and management of pre-eclampsia to reduce maternal mortality in developing countries [2021]
  • International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics
    • Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and long-term cardiovascular health: FIGO Best Practice Advice [2023]
    • A literature review and best practice advice for second and third trimester risk stratification, monitoring, and management of pre-eclampsia: Compiled by the Pregnancy and Non-Communicable Diseases Committee of FIGO (the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics) [2021]
    • The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) initiative on pre-eclampsia: A pragmatic guide for first-trimester screening and prevention [2019]
  • International Society for the Study of Hypertension in Pregnancy
    • The 2021 International Society for the Study of Hypertension in Pregnancy classification, diagnosis & management recommendations for international practice [2022]
    • Diagnosis and Monitoring of White Coat Hypertension in Pregnancy: an ISSHP Consensus Delphi Procedure [2022]
    • Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy: ISSHP Classification, Diagnosis, and Management Recommendations for International Practice [2018]
  • International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
    • ISUOG Practice Guidelines: role of ultrasound in screening for and follow-up of pre-eclampsia [2019]
  • Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine
    • Pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) as a first trimester serum biomarker for preeclampsia screening: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2025]
    • Association of pre-/early pregnancy high blood pressure and pregnancy outcomes: a systemic review and meta-analysis [2024]
  • Journal of the American Heart Association
    • Multi-Organ Phenotypes of Offspring Born Following Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy: A Systematic Review [2024]
  • Medicine
    • Risk of future cardiovascular diseases in different years postpartum after hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2022]
  • Pan African Medical Journal
    • Systematic literature review on the neonatal outcome of preeclampsia [2022]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Effects of intra-abdominal hypertension on maternal-fetal outcomes in term pregnant women: A systematic review [2023]
    • Systematic review of prediction models for gestational hypertension and preeclampsia [2020]
    • Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy: A Systematic Review of International Clinical Practice Guidelines [2014]
  • PRECISE Network
    • Towards the Development of a Conceptual Framework of the Determinants of Pre-Eclampsia: A Hierarchical Systematic Review of Social Determinants [2025]
    • Risk factors for pre-eclampsia in clinical practice guidelines: Comparison with the evidence [2024]
    • Calcium for pre-eclampsia prevention: A systematic review and network meta-analysis to guide personalised antenatal care [2022]
  • Pregnancy Hypertension
    • Standardising definitions for the pre-eclampsia core outcome set: A consensus development study [2020]
  • Scientific Reports
    • Trends in global and regional incidence and prevalence of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (1990-2021): an age-period-cohort analysis [2025]
    • Global temporal trends in maternal hypertensive disorders incidence and mortality from 1990 to 2021 based on the global burden of disease study [2025]
  • Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
    • Factors effective in the prevention of Preeclampsia: A systematic review [2020]
  • Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology
    • Multicenter screening for pre-eclampsia by maternal factors and biomarkers at 11–13 weeks' gestation: comparison with NICE guidelines and ACOG recommendations [2017]
    • Implementation of the sFlt-1/PlGF ratio for prediction and diagnosis of pre-eclampsia in singleton pregnancy: implications for clinical practice [2015]
• Iran
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Evaluating the application and clinical practice of adapted national preeclampsia and eclampsia guideline; a cross-sectional study from Iran [2025]
• Ireland
  • Ireland's Health Services
    • The manangement of hypertension in pregnancy [2016]
  • Pregnancy Hypertension
    • Hypertension in pregnancy: Prevalence, risk factors and outcomes for women birthing in Ireland [2021]
• Italy
  • European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology
    • Italian Advisory Board: sFlt-1/PlGF ratio and preeclampsia, state of the art and developments in diagnostic, therapeutic and clinical management [2016]
• Japan
  • Hypertension Research
    • Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: definition, management, and out-of-office blood pressure measurement [2022]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Maternal age and the rising incidence of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: A comprehensive analysis of national claims data from Japan [2025]
• Low and middle income countries
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Synthesis of evidence for managing hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in low middle-income countries: a scoping review [2024]
  • BMC Public Health
    • Role of calcium supplementation during pregnancy in reducing risk of developing gestational hypertensive disorders: a meta-analysis of studies from developing countries [2011]
  • BMJ Open
    • Exploring digital health interventions for pregnant women at high risk for pre-eclampsia and eclampsia in low-income and-middle-income countries: a scoping review [2022]
  • Global Heart
    • Prevention and Screening for Cardiometabolic Disease Following Hypertensive Disorders in Pregnancy in Low-Resource Settings: A Systematic Review and Delphi Study [2023]
  • Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care
    • Diagnosis and management of preeclampsia in community settings in low and middle-income countries [2015]
  • Journal of Global Health
    • Sexual violence and eclampsia: analysis of data from Demographic and Health Surveys from seven low- and middle-income countries [2019]
• Middle East
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • Prevalence of pre-eclampsia in women in the Middle East: a scoping review [2024]
• Mongolia
  • Pregnancy Hypertension
    • Prevalence of Pregnancy Hypertensive Disorders in Mongolia [2016]
• Nepal
  • Cost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation
    • Optimizing treatment for the prevention of pre-eclampsia/eclampsia in Nepal: is calcium supplementation during pregnancy cost-effective? [2016]
  • Global Health Action
    • Should all pregnant women take calcium supplements in Nepal? GRADE evidence to policy assessment [2022]
• Netherlands
  • Journal of Reproductive Immunology
    • Cost-effectiveness analysis of a first-trimester screening test for preterm preeclampsia in the Netherlands [2023]
  • Lancet Healthy Longevity
    • Cardiovascular mortality in women in their forties after hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in the Netherlands: a national cohort study [2023]
• New Zealand
  • Health New Zealand
    • Diagnosis and Treatment of Hypertension and Pre-eclampsia in Pregnancy in Aotearoa New Zealand [2022]
• Nigeria
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Factors influencing the use of magnesium sulphate in pre-eclampsia/eclampsia management in health facilities in Northern Nigeria: a mixed methods study [2015]
  • European Journal of Medical Research
    • Prevalence and materno-fetal outcomes of preeclampsia/eclampsia among pregnant women in Nigeria: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2024]
• Norway
  • Hypertension
    • Preconception Cardiovascular Risk Factor Differences Between Gestational Hypertension and Preeclampsia: Cohort Norway Study [2016]
  • Pregnancy Hypertension
    • Substantial decrease in preeclampsia prevalence and risk over two decades: A population-based study of 1,153,227 deliveries in Norway [2022]
• Portugal
  • Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease
    • Pre-Eclampsia and Eclampsia: An Update on the Pharmacological Treatment Applied in Portugal [2018]
• Qatar
  • Qatar Medical Journal
    • A review of eclampsia in Qatar: A twenty-year study (from January 1991-December 2009) [2013]
• Republic of Korea
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Pre-pregnancy blood pressure and pregnancy outcomes: a nationwide population-based study [2022]
• South Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Does the implementation of revised American College of Cardiology and American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) guidelines improve the identification of stillbirths and preterm births in hypertensive pregnancies: a population-based cohort study from South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa [2024]
• Sri Lanka
  • Sri Lanka College of Obstetricians & Gynaecologists
    • Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy [2022]
    • Management of hypertensive disease in pregnancy [2021]
    • Management of Eclampsia [2014]
• Sub-Saharan Africa
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Systematic review of observational studies of the impact of cardiovascular risk factors on preeclampsia in sub-saharan Africa [2021]
  • Women's Health
    • Prevalence of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and pregnancy outcomes in Sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2020]
• Taiwan
  • Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
    • Effect of maternal hypertensive disorders during pregnancy on offspring's early childhood body weight: A population-based cohort study [2022]
    • Trends in the incidence of pre-eclampsia and eclampsia in Taiwan between 1998 and 2010 [2015]
• Tanzania
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Factors associated with blood pressure check-up during pregnancy among women of reproductive age in Tanzania: an analysis of data from 2015—16 Tanzania Demographic and Health Survey and Malaria Indicators Survey [2021]
• Trinidad and Tobago
  • Ministry of Health Trinidad and Tobago
    • Hypertension in Pregnancy [2018]
• Uganda
  • Ministry of Health Uganda
    • Uganda Pre-Eclampsia International Framework [2024]
• United Kingdom
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • An evaluation of the influence of the publication of the UK National Institute for health and Care Excellence’s guidance on hypertension in pregnancy: a retrospective analysis of clinical practice [2020]
  • BMJ Open
    • Implementation of national antenatal hypertension guidelines: a multicentre multiple methods study [2020]
  • Health Technology Assessment
    • A prognostic model to guide decision-making on timing of delivery in late preterm pre-eclampsia: the PEACOCK prospective cohort study [2021]
    • Validation and development of models using clinical, biochemical and ultrasound markers for predicting pre-eclampsia: an individual participant data meta-analysis [2020]
  • National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
    • Hypertension in pregnancy: diagnosis and management [2023]
    • PLGF-based testing to help diagnose suspected preterm pre-eclampsia [2022]
    • Lumella point-of-care test for assessing pre-eclampsia risk [2022]
    • Identification of hypertension in pregnancy [2021]
    • Hypertension in pregnancy [2019]
  • NHS England
    • Recommendations for digital blood pressure monitoring in maternity services [2023]
    • Gestational hypertension, non-severe pre-eclampsia and chronic hypertension management in pregnant women guideline [2020]
  • PharmacoEconomics - Open
    • Cost-Utility Analysis of Planned Early Delivery or Expectant Management for Late Preterm Pre-eclampsia (PHOENIX) [2022]
  • Right Decisions
    • Hypertensive Disorders in Pregnancy
  • UK National Screening Committee
    • Pre-eclampsia
  • Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology
    • Comparison of diagnostic accuracy of early screening for pre-eclampsia by NICE guidelines and a method combining maternal factors and biomarkers: results of SPREE [2018]
  • WISDOM
    • Hypertension in Pregnancy Guideline [2024]
• United Kingdom, United States
  • Journal of Clinical Hypertension
    • A rapid review of telehealth in women with recent de novo hypertensive disease of pregnancy [2024]
• United States
  • Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
    • Screening for Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force [2023]
    • Management of Postpartum Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy [2023]
    • Screening for Preeclampsia [2017]
  • American College of Cardiology
    • 2017 ACC/AHA/AAPA/ABC/ACPM/AGS/APhA/ASH/ASPC/NMA/PCNA Guideline for the Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Management of High Blood Pressure in Adults: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines [2018]
  • American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
    • Clinical Guidance for the Integration of the Findings of the Chronic Hypertension and Pregnancy (CHAP) Study [2022]
    • Low-Dose Aspirin Use for the Prevention of Preeclampsia and Related Morbidity and Mortality [2021]
    • Low-Dose Aspirin Use During Pregnancy [2018]
  • American Heart Association
    • Hypertension in Pregnancy: Diagnosis, Blood Pressure Goals, and Pharmacotherapy: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association [2022]
  • American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
    • Prepregnancy adherence to dietary recommendations for the prevention of cardiovascular disease in relation to risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy [2020]
  • American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology MFM
    • Remote blood pressure management for postpartum hypertension: a cost-effectiveness analysis [2024]
  • BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology
    • Trends and outcomes for deliveries with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy from 2000 to 2018: A repeated cross-sectional study [2022]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Lifestyle and the hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in nulliparous women in the United States: a secondary data analysis of the nuMom2b [2023]
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Hypertensive Disorders in Pregnancy and Mortality at Delivery Hospitalization — United States, 2017–2019 [2022]
  • Hypertension
    • Historical and Recent Changes in Maternal Mortality Due to Hypertensive Disorders in the United States, 1979 to 2018 [2021]
    • Research Recommendations from the National Institutes of Health Workshop on Predicting, Preventing and Treating Preeclampsia [2019]
    • Estimated Impact of the 2017 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Blood Pressure Guidelines on Reproductive-Aged Women [2018]
  • Hypertension in Pregnancy
    • Prevalence of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy at or beyond 39 weeks gestational age and associated maternal complications [2023]
  • JAMA
    • Trends in Preeclampsia Risk Factors in the US From 2010 to 2021 [2024]
  • JAMA Cardiology
    • Trends in De Novo Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy Among Asian and Hispanic Population Subgroups in the United States, 2011 to 2019 [2022]
  • JAMA Network Open
    • Estimated Prevalence of Risk Factors for Preeclampsia Among Individuals Giving Birth in the US in 2019 [2022]
    • Association of Birth Year of Pregnant Individuals With Trends in Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy in the United States, 1995-2019 [2022]
  • Journal of Applied Laboratory Medicine
    • A Critical Review on the Use of Race in Understanding Racial Disparities in Preeclampsia [2021]
  • Journal of the American Heart Association
    • Trends in the Incidence of New-Onset Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy Among Rural and Urban Areas in the United States, 2007 to 2019 [2022]
    • Temporal Trends in Pregnancy-Associated Stroke and Its Outcomes Among Women With Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy [2020]
    • Maternal Race/Ethnicity, Hypertension, and Risk for Stroke During Delivery Admission [2020]
  • National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
    • Outcomes of induction vs prelabor cesarean delivery at <33 weeks for hypertensive disorders of pregnancy [2023]
    • Maternal hypertensive disorders and survival without major morbidities among extremely low gestation newborns [2023]
    • Laboratory abnormalities in pregnancy-associated hypertension: frequency and association with pregnancy outcomes [2014]
    • Preeclampsia and Eclampsia
  • Obstetrics & Gynecology
    • Trends in Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy in the United States From 1989 to 2020 [2022]
    • National Partnership for Maternal Safety: Consensus Bundle on Severe Hypertension During Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period [2017]
  • Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology
    • Chronic hypertension and risk of preterm delivery: National Longitudinal Study of Adolescents to Adult Health [2022]
  • Quality Management in Healthcare
    • Hospital Adoption of Electronic Decision Support Tools for Preeclampsia Management [2022]
  • Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine
    • Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine Special Statement: Quality metrics for hypertensive disorders of pregnancy—patient education and transition to primary care [2025]
    • Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine Special Statement: Prophylactic low-dose aspirin for preeclampsia prevention—quality metric and opportunities for quality improvement [2023]
    • Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine Statement: Antihypertensive therapy for mild chronic hypertension in pregnancy–The Chronic Hypertension and Pregnancy trial [2022]
    • Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine Special Statement: A quality metric for evaluating timely treatment of severe hypertension [2022]
    • SMFM Special Statement: Quality metric for timely postpartum follow-up after severe hypertension [2022]
    • Preeclampsia: a report and recommendations of the workshop of the Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine and the Preeclampsia Foundation [2022]
    • Executive summary: Workshop on Preeclampsia, January 25–26, 2021, cosponsored by the Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine and the Preeclampsia Foundation [2021]
    • Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine Special Statement: Checklists for preeclampsia risk-factor screening to guide recommendations for prophylactic low-dose aspirin [2020]
    • Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine Special Statement: Checklist for postpartum discharge of women with hypertensive disorders [2020]
    • SMFM Statement: benefit of antihypertensive therapy for mild-to-moderate chronic hypertension during pregnancy remains uncertain [2015]
    • Evaluation and management of severe preeclampsia before 34 weeks' gestation [2011]
  • U.S. Preventive Services Task Force
    • Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy: Screening [2023]
    • Aspirin Use to Prevent Preeclampsia and Related Morbidity and Mortality: Preventive Medication [2021]
• WHO
  • World Health Organization
    • Target product profile for drugs to treat pre-eclampsia [2023]
    • Target product profile for drugs to prevent pre-eclampsia [2023]
    • WHO recommendations on antiplatelet agents for the prevention of pre-eclampsia [2021]
    • WHO recommendations on drug treatment for non-severe hypertension in pregnancy [2020]
    • WHO recommendation on calcium supplementation before pregnancy for the prevention of pre-eclampsia and its complications [2020]
    • WHO recommendations: drug treatment for severe hypertension in pregnancy [2018]
    • WHO recommendations: Policy of interventionist versus expectant management of severe pre-eclampsia before term [2018]
    • WHO recommendation: Calcium supplementation during pregnancy for the prevention of pre-eclampsia and its complications [2018]
    • WHO recommendations for prevention and treatment of pre-eclampsia and eclampsia: implications and actions [2014]
    • Pre-eclampsia, eclampsia and adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes: a secondary analysis of the World Health Organization Multicountry Survey on Maternal and Newborn Health [2014]
    • Guideline: Calcium supplementation in pregnant women [2013]
    • WHO recommendations for prevention and treatment of pre-eclampsia and eclampsia: evidence base [2011]
    • WHO recommendations for prevention and treatment of pre-eclampsia and eclampsia [2011]
    • Managing eclampsia [2008]
    • Hypertensive disorders
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Obstetrics, perinatology

Pregnancy tests

• Canada
  • Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health
    • Beta Human Chorionic Gonadotropin Test for Detection of Early Pregnancy: Clinical Effectiveness, Cost Effectiveness, and Guidelines [2013]
• Europe
  • Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine
    • Recommendations for validation testing of home pregnancy tests (HPTs) in Europe [2021]
• Germany
  • Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde
    • Strips of Hope: Accuracy of Home Pregnancy Tests and New Developments [2014]
• International
  • BMJ Open
    • Self-testing for pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2022]
  • FHI 360
    • Quality and Performance Guidance on Selection of Pregnancy Tests for Procurement [2017]
• Nepal
  • Studies in Family Planning
    • How Do Women Learn They Are Pregnant? The Introduction of Clinics and Pregnancy Awareness in Nepal [2022]
• Uganda
  • PLOS Global Public Health
    • Factors associated with knowledge and use of home pregnancy test kits in Uganda [2023]
• United Kingdom
  • Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency
    • 6th International Standard for Chorionic Gonadotrophin, human [2020]
  • National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
    • Pregnancy testing - Preoperative Tests (Update) [2016]
  • Right Decisions
    • Pregnancy testing for girls aged 12 yrs & over
• United States
  • American Society of Anesthesiologists
    • Statement on Pregnancy Testing Prior to Anesthesia and Surgery [2016]
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • How To Be Reasonably Certain that a Patient Is Not Pregnant [2024]
  • Journal of Applied Laboratory Medicine
    • Current Practices When Reporting Quantitative Human Chorionic Gonadotropin Test Results [2020]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Evidence-based pregnancy testing in clinical trials: Recommendations from a multi-stakeholder development process [2018]
• WHO
  • World Health Organization
    • WHO/BS/2020.2395 Proposed 6th WHO International Standard for human chorionic gonadotrophin [2020]
    • WHO international collaborative study of the proposed 5th [fifth] international standard for chorionic gonadotrophin [2009]
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Obstetrics, perinatology

Prenatal nutrition, dietary supplements in pregnancy

• Afghanistan
  • Maternal & Child Nutrition
    • Review of policies, data, and interventions to improve maternal nutrition in Afghanistan [2020]
    • Stop stunting: situation and way forward to improve maternal, child and adolescent nutrition in Afghanistan [2016]
• Africa
  • PLoS ONE
    • Burden and determinants of malnutrition among pregnant women in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2019]
• Asia-Pacific
  • Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism
    • Regional Overview on Maternal Nutrition and Examples of Health System Programme and Policy Responses: Asia and the Pacific [2019]
• Australia
  • Australian Family Physician
    • Nutrition care by general practitioners: Enhancing women’s health during and after pregnancy [2016]
  • BMC Health Services Research
    • Consensus from an expert panel on how to identify and support food insecurity during pregnancy: A modified Delphi study [2022]
    • Nutrition and maternal health: a mapping of Australian dietetic services [2020]
  • International Journal of Women's Health
    • Exploring Australian women’s level of nutrition knowledge during pregnancy: a cross-sectional study [2016]
  • Nutrients
    • Do the Dietary Intakes of Pregnant Women Attending Public Hospital Antenatal Clinics Align with Australian Guide to Healthy Eating Recommendations? [2020]
  • SA Health
    • Vitamin D Status in Pregnancy
• Australia, New Zealand
  • Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Vitamin and mineral supplementation in pregnancy [2019]
• Bangladesh
  • PLoS ONE
    • Machine learning prediction of nutritional status among pregnant women in Bangladesh: Evidence from Bangladesh demographic and health survey 2017-18 [2024]
• Botswana
  • Lancet Global Health
    • Iron, folic acid, and multiple micronutrient supplementation strategies during pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes in Botswana [2022]
• Brazil
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Brazilian pregnant and lactating women do not change their food intake to meet nutritional goals [2014]
  • Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia
    • Vitamin A supplementation in Brazilian pregnant and postpartum women: a systematic review [2015]
  • Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia
    • Development and Validation of a Protocol for Pregnant Women Based on the Brazilian Dietary Guidelines [2023]
  • Systematic Reviews
    • Deficiency of B vitamins in women of childbearing age, pregnant, and lactating women in Brazil: a systematic review [2025]
• Burkina Faso
  • Maternal & Child Nutrition
    • Multiple modifiable maternal, household and health service factors are associated with maternal nutrition and early breastfeeding practices in Burkina Faso [2023]
• Cambodia
  • Nutrients
    • The Economic Burden of Malnutrition in Pregnant Women and Children under 5 Years of Age in Cambodia [2016]
• Canada
  • Alberta Health Services
    • Nutrition Guideline: Pregnancy [2024]
    • Nutrition for Pregnancy & Lactation
  • Canadian Family Physician
    • Polyunsaturated fatty acids and fetal brain development [2015]
    • Sugar substitutes during pregnancy [2014]
  • Current Developments in Nutrition
    • Adherence to Canada's Food Guide Recommendations during Pregnancy: Nutritional Epidemiology and Public Health [2017]
  • Health Canada
    • Prenatal Nutrition Guidelines for Health Professionals: Background on Canada's Food Guide [2009]
  • Nutrients
    • Both Mother and Infant Require a Vitamin D Supplement to Ensure That Infants’ Vitamin D Status Meets Current Guidelines [2018]
  • Perinatal Services BC
    • Healthy Eating During Pregnancy
  • PLoS ONE
    • The Current Recommended Vitamin D Intake Guideline for Diet and Supplements During Pregnancy Is Not Adequate to Achieve Vitamin D Sufficiency for Most Pregnant Women [2016]
  • Public Health Agency of Canada
    • Canada Prenatal Nutrition Program
  • Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada
    • Canadian Consensus on Female Nutrition: Adolescence, Reproduction, Menopause, and Beyond [2016]
• Canada, Europe, United States
  • Maternal & Child Nutrition
    • Association between low-calorie sweetener consumption during pregnancy and child health: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2025]
• Canada, United Kingdom, United States
  • Lancet
    • Food insecurity among pregnant women living in high-income countries: a systematic review [2022]
• China
  • Nutrition Journal
    • Prevalence and influence factors of vitamin A deficiency of Chinese pregnant women [2016]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Vitamin D levels and its influencing factors in pregnant women in mainland China: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2024]
• Denmark
  • PLoS Medicine
    • Mother’s dietary quality during pregnancy and offspring’s dietary quality in adolescence: Follow-up from a national birth cohort study of 19,582 mother–offspring pairs [2019]
• East Africa
  • PLoS ONE
    • Micronutrient intake and associated factors among pregnant women in East Africa: Multilevel logistic regression analysis [2023]
• East Asia
  • Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology
    • Optimal Diet for Achieving Favorable Pregnancy Outcomes in East Asian Women-A Literature Review [2022]
• Ethiopia
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Food taboos and their perceived reasons among pregnant women in Ethiopia: a systematic review, 2022 [2023]
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • Dietary knowledge, attitude, practice, and associated factors among pregnant mothers in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2024]
  • Health Research Policy and Systems
    • Key element missed in nutrition policy: why does undernutrition not decline among pregnant women in Ethiopia? [2024]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Dietary diversity among pregnant women and associated factors in Ethiopia: Systematic review and meta-analysis [2021]
  • Scientific Reports
    • Food taboo practices and associated factors among pregnant women in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2023]
  • Scientific World Journal
    • A Narrative Review of Nutritional Malpractices, Motivational Drivers, and Consequences in Pregnant Women: Evidence from Recent Literature and Program Implications in Ethiopia [2021]
• Europe
  • Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism
    • Nutrition During Pregnancy, Lactation and Early Childhood and its Implications for Maternal and Long-Term Child Health: The Early Nutrition Project Recommendations [2019]
  • Nutrients
    • Food Supplement Use Differs from the Recommendations in Pregnant Women: A Multinational Survey [2022]
  • WHO European Region
    • Maternal nutrition, physical activity and weight gain during pregnancy
• France
  • Journal of Midwifery & Women's Health
    • Weight Changes, Nutritional Intake, Food Contaminants, and Supplements in Women of Childbearing Age, including Pregnant Women: Guidelines for Interventions during the Perinatal Period from the French National College of Midwives [2022]
• France, United States
  • PLoS ONE
    • Pregnancy Requires Major Changes in the Quality of the Diet for Nutritional Adequacy: Simulations in the French and the United States Populations [2016]
• Germany
  • Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism
    • German National Consensus Recommendations on Nutrition and Lifestyle in Pregnancy by the ‘Healthy Start - Young Family Network' [2013]
  • Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde
    • Diet and Lifestyle Before and During Pregnancy – Practical Recommendations of the Germany-wide Healthy Start – Young Family Network [2018]
• India
  • BMJ Global Health
    • Assessing progress on the coverage of interventions in the first 1000 days in India: role of national programs [2024]
  • British Journal of Nutrition
    • Tipping the scale: the role of a national nutritional supplementation programme for pregnant mothers in reducing low birth weight and neonatal mortality in India [2022]
  • Bulletin of the World Health Organization
    • Maternal and child nutrition services associated with nutritional knowledge and practices, India [2024]
  • Frontiers in Endocrinology
    • Maternal Vitamin B12 Status During Pregnancy and Its Association With Outcomes of Pregnancy and Health of the Offspring: A Systematic Review and Implications for Policy in India [2021]
  • Indian Journal of Medical Research
    • Recommendations for India-specific multiple micronutrient supplement through expert consultation [2024]
  • Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition
    • Pooled estimate of vitamin D deficiency among pregnant women in India: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2021]
• International
  • American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
    • Scaling up prenatal nutrition could reduce the global burden of noncommunicable diseases in the next generation: a modeling analysis [2022]
  • Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
    • Expert consensus on an open-access United Nations International Multiple Micronutrient Antenatal Preparation–multiple micronutrient supplement product specification [2020]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • International expert consensus on micronutrient supplement use during the early life course [2025]
    • Effective dietary interventions during pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of behavior change techniques to promote healthy eating [2025]
    • The association between ultra-processed food and common pregnancy adverse outcomes: a dose-response systematic review and meta-analysis [2024]
  • BMC Public Health
    • Ramadan fasting as a form of time-restricted eating during pregnancy and long-term health effects in offspring: a narrative systematic review [2024]
  • BMJ Global Health
    • WHO recommendations on antenatal nutrition: an update on multiple micronutrient supplements [2020]
  • Global Health Action
    • Maternal vitamin D and growth of under-five children: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational and interventional studies [2022]
  • International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics
    • Using FIGO Nutrition Checklist counselling in pregnancy: A review to support healthcare professionals [2023]
    • The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) recommendations on adolescent, preconception, and maternal nutrition: “Think Nutrition First” [2015]
  • Journal of Global Health
    • Do nutritional interventions before or during pregnancy affect placental phenotype? Findings from a systematic review of human clinical trials [2024]
  • Maternal & Child Nutrition
    • Dietary guideline adherence during preconception and pregnancy: A systematic review [2020]
  • Nature Reviews Endocrinology
    • Micronutrient deficiencies in pregnancy worldwide: health effects and prevention [2016]
  • Nutrients
    • Chrononutrition during Pregnancy and Its Association with Maternal and Offspring Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Ramadan and Non-Ramadan Studies [2023]
    • Maternal Consumption of Ultra-Processed Foods-Rich Diet and Perinatal Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2022]
    • Nutrient Requirements during Pregnancy and Lactation [2021]
    • Is Supplementation with Micronutrients Still Necessary during Pregnancy? A Review [2021]
    • Are Probiotics and Prebiotics Safe for Use during Pregnancy and Lactation? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2021]
  • United Nations Children's Fund - UNICEF
    • Maternal nutrition
• Ireland
  • Ireland's Health Services
    • Nutrition during pregnancy [2019]
• Italy
  • Nutrients
    • Maternal Diet and Nutrient Requirements in Pregnancy and Breastfeeding. An Italian Consensus Document [2016]
• Latvia
  • WHO European Region
    • Proper maternal nutrition during pregnancy planning and pregnancy: a healthy start in life (2017) [2017]
• Lebanon
  • Maternal & Child Nutrition
    • Development of national dietary and lifestyle guidelines for pregnant women in Lebanon [2021]
  • Medicina
    • Assessing Health Care Providers' Knowledge and Practices of Nutrition during Pregnancy in Lebanon: A Cross-Sectional Study [2023]
• Low and middle income countries
  • BMJ Global Health
    • Nutrition and reproductive potential of women in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2025]
  • Nutrients
    • Vitamin and Mineral Supplementation During Pregnancy on Maternal, Birth, Child Health and Development Outcomes in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2020]
• Malaysia
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Maternal diet, nutritional status and infant birth weight in Malaysia: a scoping review [2022]
• Middle-income countries
  • Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
    • Interventions to increase adherence to micronutrient supplementation during pregnancy: a systematic review [2021]
• Netherlands
  • Nutrients
    • An Evaluation of Food and Nutrient Intake among Pregnant Women in The Netherlands: A Systematic Review [2023]
• New Zealand
  • Health New Zealand
    • Companion Statement on Vitamin D and Sun Exposure in Pregnancy and Infancy in New Zealand [2024]
  • Nutrients
    • Dietary Patterns in Pregnancy in New Zealand—Influence of Maternal Socio-Demographic, Health and Lifestyle Factors [2016]
• Poland
  • Ginekologia Polska
    • Comparison of Polish and international guidelines on diet supplements in pregnancy — review [2021]
    • Polish Society of Gynecologists and Obstetricians recommendations on supplementation during pregnancy [2020]
• South Asia
  • Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition
    • Prevalence of Vitamin A Deficiency in South Asia: Causes, Outcomes, and Possible Remedies [2013]
  • Maternal & Child Nutrition
    • The quality of maternal nutrition and infant feeding counselling during antenatal care in South Asia [2021]
• South-East Asia
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Scoping Review of Intervention Strategies for Improving Coverage and Uptake of Maternal Nutrition Services in Southeast Asia [2021]
• Spain
  • Nutrients
    • Food Consumption during Pregnancy and Post-Partum. ECLIPSES Study [2019]
• Sub-Saharan Africa
  • Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition
    • Food taboo practices and associated factors among pregnant women in Sub-Sahara Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2025]
  • Nutrients
    • Is Oral Iron and Folate Supplementation during Pregnancy Protective against Low Birth Weight and Preterm Birth in Africa? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2024]
• Thailand
  • Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition
    • Thailand nutrition in transition: situation and challenges of maternal and child nutrition [2013]
• Uganda
  • Ministry of Health Uganda
    • Maternal, Infant, Young Child, and Adolescent Nutrition (MIYCAN) - Participant's Manual [2020]
    • Maternal, Infant, Young Child and Adolescent Nutrition (MIYCAN) - Facilitator's Manual [2020]
• United Kingdom
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Provision of information by midwives for pregnant women in England on guidance on foods/drinks to avoid or limit [2023]
  • BMJ Open
    • Vitamin B12 status in women of childbearing age in the UK and its relationship with national nutrient intake guidelines: results from two National Diet and Nutrition Surveys [2016]
  • National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
    • Maternal and child nutrition: nutrition and weight management in pregnancy, and nutrition in children up to 5 years [2025]
  • Nutrients
    • Fish Consumption during Pregnancy in Relation to National Guidance in England in a Mixed-Methods Study: The PEAR Study [2023]
  • Scottish Government
    • Scottish maternal and infant nutrition survey 2017 [2018]
• United States
  • Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
    • Maternal and Child Outcomes Associated With the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) [2022]
  • American Academy of Pediatrics
    • Consumption of Raw or Unpasteurized Milk and Milk Products by Pregnant Women and Children [2014]
  • American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
    • ACOG Practice Advisory: Update on Seafood Consumption During Pregnancy [2017]
    • Vitamin D: Screening and Supplementation During Pregnancy [2011]
  • American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
    • Predictors of WIC uptake among low-income pregnant individuals: a longitudinal nationwide analysis [2023]
  • Food and Drug Administration
    • Dietary Advice Before and During Pregnancy
  • Journal of the National Medical Association
    • A review of dairy food intake for improving health for black women in the US during pregnancy, fetal development, and lactation [2024]
  • Maternal Health, Neonatology and Perinatology
    • Evidence based recommendations for an optimal prenatal supplement for women in the US: vitamins and related nutrients [2022]
  • Medical Clinics of North America
    • Nutrition Recommendations in Pregnancy and Lactation [2016]
  • National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
    • Approaches to Assessing Intake of Food and Dietary Supplements in Pregnant Women and Children 2 to 11 Years of Age: Proceedings of a Workshop Series [2022]
    • Nutrition During Pregnancy and Lactation: Exploring New Evidence: Proceedings of a Workshop [2020]
    • Harmonization of Approaches to Nutrient Reference Values: Applications to Young Children and Women of Reproductive Age [2018]
  • Nutrients
    • Is It Time to Reconsider the U.S. Recommendations for Dietary Protein and Amino Acid Intake? [2023]
    • Evidence-Based Recommendations for an Optimal Prenatal Supplement for Women in the U.S., Part Two: Minerals [2021]
• Western countries
  • Nutrients
    • Dietary Interventions for Healthy Pregnant Women: A Systematic Review of Tools to Promote a Healthy Antenatal Dietary Intake [2020]
• WHO
  • World Health Organization
    • Nutritional interventions update: zinc supplements during pregnancy [2021]
    • Nutritional interventions update: vitamin D supplements during pregnancy [2020]
    • Nutritional interventions update: multiple micronutrient supplements during pregnancy [2020]
    • Micronutrient survey manual [2020]
    • Essential nutrition actions: mainstreaming nutrition through the life-course [2019]
    • Essential nutrition actions: improving maternal, newborn, infant and young child health and nutrition [2013]
    • Nutrition: nutrition of women in the preconception period, during pregnancy and the breastfeeding period: report by the Secretariat [2012]
    • Nutrition: nutrition of women in the preconception period, during pregnancy and the breastfeeding period [2012]
    • Guideline: Vitamin D supplementation in pregnant women [2012]
    • Multiple micronutrient powders for home (point of use) fortification of foods in pregnant women: a systematic review [2011]
    • Guideline: use of multiple micronutrient powders for home fortification of foods consumed by pregnant women [2011]
    • Calcium and magnesium in drinking-water - Public health significance [2009]
    • Programming of chronic disease by impaired fetal nutrition [2002]
    • Nutrition counselling during pregnancy
• WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region
  • Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism
    • Assessment of Vitamin A Supplementation Practices in Countries of the Eastern Mediterranean Region: Evidence to Implementation [2021]
  • WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region
    • Maternal and child undernutrition in the Middle East and North Africa, Eastern Mediterranean and Arab regions with a focus on Afghanistan, Djibouti, Lebanon, Pakistan, Somalia, Sudan, Syrian Arab Republic and Yemen: call to action to address [2022]
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Obstetrics, perinatology

Prolonged pregnancy

• Australia
  • NSW Health
    • Maternity – Management of Pregnancy Beyond 41 Weeks Gestation
  • SA Health
    • Prolonged Pregnancy
• Austria, Germany, Switzerland
  • Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde
    • S1-Guideline: Management of Late-term and Post-term Pregnancy [2014]
• Canada
  • Association of Ontario Midwives
    • Management of the Uncomplicated Pregnancy Beyond 41+0 Weeks' Gestation [2021]
  • Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada
    • Guidelines for the Management of Pregnancy at 41+0 to 42+0 Weeks [2017]
• Denmark
  • Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica
    • Risk of complications in the late vs early days of the 42nd week of pregnancy: A nationwide cohort study [2022]
  • BMJ Open
    • Routine induction in late-term pregnancies: follow-up of a Danish induction of labour paradigm [2019]
• France
  • Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica
    • Meconium-stained amniotic fluid and neonatal morbidity in nulliparous patients with prolonged pregnancy [2023]
• International
  • Reproductive Health
    • Management of pregnancy at and beyond 41 completed weeks of gestation in low-risk women: a secondary analysis of two WHO multi-country surveys on maternal and newborn health [2017]
  • World Association of Perinatal Medicine
    • Guidelines for the management of postterm pregnancy [2010]
• Netherlands
  • Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica
    • Does induction of labor at 41 weeks (early, mid or late) improve birth outcomes in low-risk pregnancy? A nationwide propensity score-matched study [2023]
    • Risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes of late- and postterm pregnancies in advanced maternal age: A national cohort study [2020]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Management of late-term pregnancy in midwifery- and obstetrician-led care [2019]
    • Perinatal death beyond 41 weeks pregnancy: an evaluation of causes and substandard care factors as identified in perinatal audit in the Netherlands [2018]
• Sweden
  • Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica
    • Improved neonatal outcome after active management of prolonged pregnancies beyond 41+2 weeks in nulliparous, but not among multiparous women [2017]
  • PLoS Medicine
    • Maternal and perinatal outcomes after implementation of a more active management in late- and postterm pregnancies in Sweden: A population-based cohort study [2025]
• United Kingdom
  • National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
    • Induction of labour for prevention of prolonged pregnancy [2021]
    • Evidence review for labour after 42 weeks of pregnancy: Intrapartum care for women with existing medical conditions or obstetric complications and their babies [2019]
• United States
  • American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
    • Definition of Term Pregnancy [2013]
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Obstetrics, perinatology

Respiratory tract diseases, hypersensitivity in pregnancy

• Australia
  • Australian Institute of Health and Welfare
    • Monitoring asthma in pregnancy: a discussion paper [2013]
  • Australian Prescriber
    • Asthma drugs in pregnancy and lactation [2013]
  • Breathe
    • Managing asthma in pregnancy [2015]
  • SA Health
    • Cystic Fibrosis in Pregnancy
    • Asthma in Pregnancy
    • Anaphylaxis (maternal)
• Australia, Europe, New Zealand
  • European Respiratory Journal
    • ERS/TSANZ Task Force Statement on the management of reproduction and pregnancy in women with airways diseases [2020]
• Australia, New Zealand
  • Australasian Society of Clinical Immunology and Allergy
    • ASCIA Guidelines: Acute Management of Anaphylaxis in Pregnancy [2024]
  • Perinatal Society of Australia and New Zealand
    • Asthma management in pregnancy [2021]
  • Society of Obstetric Medicine of Australia and New Zealand
    • The SOMANZ Position Statement on Pulmonary Embolism in Pregnancy and Post Partum [2021]
• Canada
  • Perinatal Services BC
    • Respiratory Disorders
    • Allergies and Anaphylaxis
  • Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada
    • Management Guidelines for Obstetric Patients and Neonates Born to Mothers With Suspected or Probable Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) [2017]
• Canada, Europe, United States
  • Thrombosis Research
    • Management of high-risk pulmonary embolism in pregnancy [2021]
• Europe
  • EUROCAT
    • Use of asthma medication during pregnancy and risk of specific congenital anomalies: A European case-malformed control study [2015]
  • European Cystic Fibrosis Society
    • Guidelines for the management of pregnancy in women with cystic fibrosis [2008]
• Europe, United States
  • Journal of Cystic Fibrosis
    • Drugs during pregnancy and breast feeding in women diagnosed with Cystic Fibrosis - An update [2018]
• France
  • Journal of Cystic Fibrosis
    • Pregnancy outcome in women with cystic fibrosis and poor pulmonary function [2020]
• International
  • Pulmonary Vascular Research Institute
    • Statement on pregnancy in pulmonary hypertension from the Pulmonary Vascular Research Institute [2015]
  • Singapore Medical Journal
    • Cardiovascular-obstetric state-of-the-art review: pulmonary hypertension in pregnancy [2025]
  • Therapeutic Advances in Respiratory Disease
    • Contemporary best practice in the management of pulmonary embolism during pregnancy [2020]
• Italy
  • Respiratory Medicine
    • A case-control study on pregnancy in Italian Cystic Fibrosis women. Data from the Italian Registry [2018]
• Saudi Arabia
  • Annals of Thoracic Medicine
    • Saudi Guidelines on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Pulmonary Hypertension: Pregnancy in pulmonary hypertension [2014]
• Spain
  • Archivos de Bronconeumología
    • Contraception, Pregnancy and Rare Respiratory Diseases [2012]
• United Kingdom
  • Health Technology Assessment
    • Selecting pregnant or postpartum women with suspected pulmonary embolism for diagnostic imaging: the DiPEP diagnostic study with decision-analysis modelling [2018]
  • NHS England
    • Pregnancy Care for women with Cystic Fibrosis Guideline [2019]
    • Asthma in Pregnancy Guideline [2019]
  • Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine
    • Respiratory disease in pregnancy [2024]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Asthma Management in Pregnancy [2013]
  • WISDOM
    • Asthma in Pregnancy Guidelines [2021]
• United States
  • American Thoracic Society
    • An official American Thoracic Society/Society of Thoracic Radiology clinical practice guideline: evaluation of suspected pulmonary embolism in pregnancy [2011]
  • Journal for Nurse Practitioners
    • The Pregnant Patient With Asthma: Assessment and Management [2016]
  • Journal of Cystic Fibrosis
    • Pregnancy in cystic fibrosis: Review of the literature and expert recommendations [2022]
  • Society of Anesthesia and Sleep Medicine
    • Society of Anesthesia and Sleep Medicine and the Society for Obstetric Anesthesia and Perinatology Consensus Guideline on the Screening, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Pregnancy [2023]
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Obstetrics, perinatology
    • Embolism and thrombosis in pregnancy

Rh isoimmunization, blood group incompatibility

• Australia
  • National Blood Authority
    • Guideline for the prophylactic use of Rh D immunoglobulin in pregnancy care
  • National Health and Medical Research Council
    • Rhesus immunisation in Australia
  • NSW Health
    • Maternity - Rh (D) Immunoglobulin (Anti D)
  • Queensland Health
    • Rh D negative women and pregnancy (guideline supplement)
    • Rh D negative women and pregnancy
  • SA Health
    • Anti-D Prophylaxis
• Australia, New Zealand
  • Australian & New Zealand Society of Blood Transfusion
    • Guidance for RHD non invasive prenatal testing (RHD NIPT) for fetal RhD blood group prediction in pregnancy [2023]
    • Guidelines for the Laboratory Estimation of Fetomaternal Haemorrhage [2021]
  • Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Guidelines for the use of Rh(D) Immunoglobulin (Anti-D) in obstetrics [2023]
• Canada
  • Canadian Family Physician
    • Approach to red blood cell antibody testing during pregnancy: Answers to commonly asked questions [2020]
  • National Advisory Committee on Blood and Blood Products
    • NAC Endorsement with Caveats: International guidelines regarding the role of IVIG in the management of Rh- and ABO-mediated haemolytic disease of the newborn [2024]
    • RHD Genotyping in Prenatal Patients
    • NAC Position Paper: Utilization and Inventory Management of Group O RH(D)- Negative Red Cells
  • Ontario Health
    • Noninvasive Fetal RhD Blood Group Genotyping: A Health Technology Assessment [2020]
  • Perinatal Services BC
    • Red Blood Cell Antigens
  • Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada
    • SOGC Statement on Rh and Alloimmunization [2025]
    • Prevention of Rh D Alloimmunization [2024]
    • Routine Non-invasive Prenatal Prediction of Fetal RHD Genotype in Canada: The Time is Here [2017]
• Colombia
  • Revista Colombiana de Obstetricia y Ginecología
    • Colombian consensus for the diagnosis, prevention, and management of Rhesus disease [2024]
• Europe
  • ISBT Science Series
    • Rh disease prevention: the European Perspective [2021]
• Finland
  • Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica
    • Time points and risk factors for RhD immunizations after the implementation of targeted routine antenatal anti-D prophylaxis: A retrospective nationwide cohort study [2022]
• France
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Effectiveness and costs of non-invasive foetal RHD genotyping in rhesus-D negative mothers: a French multicentric two-arm study of 850 women [2018]
• International
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Patient experience and burden of haemolytic disease of the foetus and newborn: a systematic review [2025]
    • Hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn: systematic literature review of the antenatal landscape [2023]
    • Targeted antenatal anti-D prophylaxis for RhD-negative pregnant women: a systematic review [2020]
    • Appropriate provision of anti-D prophylaxis to RhD negative pregnant women: a scoping review [2014]
  • International Collaboration for Transfusion Medicine Guidelines
    • International guidelines regarding the role of IVIG in the management of Rh- and ABO-mediated haemolytic disease of the newborn [2022]
  • International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics
    • FIGO/ICM guidelines for preventing Rhesus disease: A call to action [2021]
  • JAMA Network Open
    • Variations and Opportunities in Postnatal Management of Hemolytic Disease of the Fetus and Newborn [2025]
  • Pediatric Research
    • Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and Rhesus disease of the newborn: incidence and impairment estimates for 2010 at regional and global levels [2013]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn due to Rh(D) incompatibility: A preventable disease that still produces significant morbidity and mortality in children [2020]
    • Antenatal and postpartum prevention of Rh alloimmunization: A systematic review and GRADE analysis [2020]
• Israel, United States
  • BMJ Sexual & Reproductive Health
    • Rhesus isoimmunisation in unsensitised RhD-negative individuals seeking abortion at less than 12 weeks' gestation: a systematic review [2022]
• Italy
  • Società Italiana di Medicina Trasfusionale e Immunoematologia
    • Recommendations for the prevention and treatment of haemolytic disease of the foetus and newborn [2015]
    • Survey on the prevention and incidence of haemolytic disease of the newborn in Italy [2013]
• Latin America
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn and Rhesus alloimmunization in Latin American countries: a scoping review [2024]
• Netherlands
  • BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology
    • Risk factors for RhD immunisation in a high coverage prevention programme of antenatal and postnatal RhIg: a nationwide cohort study [2022]
  • BMJ
    • Sensitivity of fetal RHD screening for safe guidance of targeted anti-D immunoglobulin prophylaxis: prospective cohort study of a nationwide programme in the Netherlands [2016]
  • Transfusion
    • Reduction of anti-K-mediated hemolytic disease of newborns after the introduction of a matched transfusion policy: A nation-wide policy change evaluation study in the Netherlands [2021]
• New Zealand
  • New Zealand Blood Service
    • Intrauterine Transfusion (IUT)
    • Haemolytic Disease of the Fetus and Newborn (HDFN)
  • New Zealand College of Midwives
    • Anti-D prophylaxis administration during pregnancy and early postpartum [2021]
  • Starship
    • Hydrops fetalis
• Norway
  • Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica
    • Following targeted routine antenatal anti-D prophylaxis, almost half of the pregnant women had undetectable anti-D prophylaxis at delivery [2022]
  • Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy
    • Terminating Routine Cord Blood RhD Typing of the Newborns to Guide Postnatal Anti-D Immunoglobulin Prophylaxis Based on the Results of Fetal RHD Genotyping [2023]
• South Africa
  • National Department of Health South Africa
    • Recommendations for Restricted Use of Anti-D Immunoglobulin [2021]
  • South African Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Rh Disease and Alloimmunisation [2022]
• United Kingdom
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Routine administration of Anti-D: the ethical case for offering pregnant women fetal RHD genotyping and a review of policy and practice [2014]
  • British Society for Haematology
    • Guideline for blood grouping and red cell antibody testing in pregnancy [2016]
    • BCSH guideline for the use of anti-D immunoglobulin for the prevention of haemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn [2014]
  • Health Technology Assessment
    • High-throughput non-invasive prenatal testing for fetal rhesus D status in RhD-negative women not known to be sensitised to the RhD antigen: a systematic review and economic evaluation [2018]
  • National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
    • High-throughput non-invasive prenatal testing for fetal RHD genotype [2016]
    • Routine antenatal anti-D prophylaxis for women who are rhesus D negative [2008]
  • NHS England
    • Management of fetal anaemia secondary to red cell alloimmunisation [2015]
  • Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • The Use of Novel Therapies in the Management of Haemolytic Disease of the Fetus and Newborn [2024]
    • The Management of Women with Red Cell Antibodies during Pregnancy [2014]
  • Transfusion Medicine
    • Implementation of high-throughput non-invasive prenatal testing for fetal RHD genotype testing in England: Results of a cross-sectional survey of maternity units and expert interviews [2020]
  • UK National Screening Committee
    • Blood group & RhD status and red cell alloantibodies
  • WISDOM
    • Guidelines for Anti D [2023]
• United States
  • American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
    • Rho(D) Immune Globulin Shortages [2024]
    • Practice Bulletin No. 181: Prevention of Rh D Alloimmunization [2017]
  • Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine
    • Obstetric and Newborn Weak D-Phenotype RBC Testing and Rh Immune Globulin Management Recommendations: Lessons From a Blinded Specimen-Testing Survey of 81 Transfusion Services [2023]
  • Association for the Advancement of Blood & Biotherapies
    • Use of Rh Immune Globulin and Considerations in the Setting of Supply Shortages and Limited Availability [2024]
  • College of American Pathologists
    • Use of Fetal Hemoglobin Quantitation for Rh-Positive Pregnant Females: A National Survey and Review of the Literature [2019]
    • It's time to phase in RHD genotyping for patients with a serologic weak D phenotype. College of American Pathologists Transfusion Medicine Resource Committee Work Group [2015]
  • Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine
    • Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine Statement: RhD immune globulin after spontaneous or induced abortion at less than 12 weeks of gestation [2024]
    • Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine (SMFM) Clinical Guideline #8: The fetus at risk for anemia–diagnosis and management [2015]
  • Society of Family Planning
    • Society of Family Planning committee consensus on Rh testing in early pregnancy [2022]
  • Transfusion
    • It’s time to phase-in RHD genotyping for patients with a serological weak D phenotype [2014]
  • U.S. Preventive Services Task Force
    • Rh(D) Incompatibility: Screening [2004]
• WHO
  • World Health Organization
    • Clinical services Recommendation 8: Rh isoimmunization for abortion at gestational ages < 12 weeks (3.3.3) [2022]
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Prenatal screening and diagnosis
    • Obstetrics, perinatology

Skin diseases in pregnancy

• Australia
  • Australian Journal of General Practice
    • Assessment and management of itchy skin in pregnancy [2021]
    • Management of pigmented skin lesions during pregnancy [2019]
  • SA Health
    • Pruritic Urticarial Papules and Plaques of Pregnancy (PUPPP)
• Belgium
  • Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology
    • Practical recommendations for systemic treatment in psoriasis according to age, pregnancy, metabolic syndrome, mental health, psoriasis subtype and treatment history (BETA-PSO: Belgian Evidence-based Treatment Advice in Psoriasis; part 1) [2020]
• Canada
  • Canadian Family Physician
    • Pruritus in pregnancy: Treatment of dermatoses unique to pregnancy [2013]
  • CMAJ
    • Occurrence of pregnancy and pregnancy outcomes during isotretinoin therapy [2016]
• Denmark
  • JAMA Dermatology
    • Evaluation of Association Between Oral and Topical Terbinafine Use in Pregnancy and Risk of Major Malformations and Spontaneous Abortion [2020]
• Europe
  • European Dermatology Forum
    • Pregnancy, breastfeeding, and family planning: EuroGuiDerm guideline on atopic eczema [2022]
    • Updated evidence-based (S2e) European Dermatology Forum guideline on topical corticosteroids in pregnancy [2017]
  • European Medicines Agency
    • Updated measures for pregnancy prevention during retinoid use [2018]
  • Frontiers in Pharmacology
    • Impact of the 2018 revised Pregnancy Prevention Programme by the European Medicines Agency on the use of oral retinoids in females of childbearing age in Denmark, Italy, Netherlands, and Spain: an interrupted time series analysis [2023]
• Europe, United States
  • Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
    • Atopic dermatitis and pregnancy [2022]
• France
  • Journal of Midwifery & Women's Health
    • Use of Cosmetic Products in Pregnant and Breastfeeding Women and Young Children: Guidelines for Interventions during the Perinatal Period from the French National College of Midwives [2022]
• Germany
  • PLoS Medicine
    • Use of isotretinoin among girls and women of childbearing age and occurrence of isotretinoin-exposed pregnancies in Germany: A population-based study [2024]
• India
  • Indian Dermatology Online Journal
    • Washout Period for Pregnancy Post Isotretinoin Therapy [2020]
• International
  • Advances in Dermatology and Allergology
    • The use of biological drugs in psoriasis patients prior to pregnancy, during pregnancy and lactation: a review of current clinical guidelines [2020]
  • British Journal of Dermatology
    • Recommendations on pregnancy, childbirth and aftercare in epidermolysis bullosa: a consensus-based guideline [2022]
  • Frontiers in Medicine
    • A Systematic Review of Treatment Options and Clinical Outcomes in Pemphigoid Gestationis [2020]
  • Medicina
    • State-of-the-Art Review of Pregnancy-Related Psoriasis [2021]
• Jordan
  • Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology
    • Perceptions and Management of Pregnancy-Related Skin Changes: A Cross-Sectional Study on Knowledge, Practices, and Use of Skincare Product [2025]
• Spain
  • Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas
    • Implementation of Recommendations for the Management of Psoriasis During Preconception, Pregnancy, Postpartum, Breastfeeding, and Perinatal Care [2022]
    • Management of Psoriasis During Preconception, Pregnancy, Postpartum, and Breastfeeding: A Consensus Statement [2021]
• Taiwan
  • Journal of the Formosan Medical Association
    • Taiwanese Dermatological Association consensus for the management of atopic dermatitis: A 2020 update [2021]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Pregnancy outcomes in women with vitiligo: A Taiwanese nationwide cohort study [2021]
• United Kingdom
  • European Journal of Cancer
    • Melanoma in pregnancy: Diagnosis and management in early-stage and advanced disease [2022]
  • JAMA Dermatology
    • Fertility Trends and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Female Patients With Psoriasis in the UK [2023]
  • Primary Care Dermatology Society
    • Pregnancy related skin conditions - an overview
• United States
  • American Family Physician
    • Common Skin Conditions During Pregnancy [2023]
  • International Journal of Women's Dermatology
    • Management guidelines for pregnant healthcare workers exposed to infectious dermatoses [2020]
    • New changes in pregnancy and lactation labelling: Review of dermatologic drugs [2019]
  • Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology
    • Use of Topical Tazarotene for the Treatment of Acne Vulgaris in Pregnancy: A Literature Review [2020]
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Obstetrics, perinatology
    • Acne

Smoking in pregnancy

• Australia
  • Australian Family Physician
    • Management of smoking in pregnant women [2014]
  • Australian Institute of Health and Welfare
    • Smoking during pregnancy
  • BMC Medicine
    • Use of smoking cessation pharmacotherapies during pregnancy is not associated with increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes: a population-based cohort study [2020]
  • BMJ Open
    • Benefits of not smoking during pregnancy for Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women and their babies: a retrospective cohort study using linked data [2019]
  • Implementation Science Communications
    • Improving implementation of smoking cessation guidelines in pregnancy care: development of an intervention to address system, maternity service leader and clinician factors [2021]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Improving Clinicians’ Implementation of Guidelines to Help Women Stop Smoking in Pregnancy: Developing Evidence-Based Print and Video Materials [2021]
    • Do Clinicians Ask Pregnant Women about Exposures to Tobacco and Cannabis Smoking, Second-Hand-Smoke and E-Cigarettes? An Australian National Cross-Sectional Survey [2017]
  • Nicotine & Tobacco Research
    • Provision of Antenatal Smoking Cessation Support: A Survey With Pregnant Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Women [2015]
  • NSW Health
    • Reducing the effects of smoking and vaping on pregnancy and newborn outcomes
  • Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Supporting smoking cessation during pregnancy – nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) Health services version [2020]
    • Supporting smoking cessation during pregnancy – nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) General practice version [2020]
  • SA Health
    • Smoking (Tobacco) and Vaping in Pregnancy
• Australia, New Zealand
  • Perinatal Society of Australia and New Zealand
    • Exposure to Tobacco, Environmental Tobacco Smoke and Nicotine in Pregnancy: A Pragmatic Overview of Reviews of Maternal and Child Outcomes, Effectiveness of Interventions and Barriers and Facilitators to Quitting [2020]
  • Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Smoking and pregnancy [2020]
• Brazil
  • Nicotine & Tobacco Research
    • Smoking and Adverse Maternal and Child Health Outcomes in Brazil [2013]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Prevalence of pre-gestational and gestational smoking and factors associated with smoking cessation during pregnancy, Brazil, 2011-2012 [2019]
  • Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem
    • Activities of the healthcare team for women who smoke during pregnancy and the puerperium [2014]
• Canada
  • Canadian Family Physician
    • Smoking cessation therapy during pregnancy [2012]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Smoking during Pregnancy: Findings from the 2009–2010 Canadian Community Health Survey [2014]
  • Public Health Agency of Canada
    • Smoking Cessation During Pregnancy And Relapse After Childbirth In Canada
• Chile
  • International Journal of Public Health
    • Smoking Ban Law in Chile: Impact in Newborns' Birth Weight by Women's Age Groups and by City Population Density [2022]
• China
  • Health and Quality of Life Outcomes
    • Maternal tobacco exposure and health-related quality of life during pregnancy: a national-based study of pregnant women in China [2021]
  • JMIR Public Health and Surveillance
    • Health-Related Quality of Life Among Pregnant Women With Pre-pregnancy Smoking and Smoking Cessation During Pregnancy in China: National Cross-sectional Study [2022]
  • Preventing Chronic Disease: Public Health Research, Practice and Policy
    • Exposure to Secondhand Tobacco Smoke and Interventions Among Pregnant Women in China: A Systematic Review [2015]
• Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Honduras
  • Nicotine & Tobacco Research
    • Predictors of Secondhand Smoke Exposure During Pregnancy in Costa Rica, the Dominican Republic, and Honduras [2022]
• Denmark
  • Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
    • Variable DNA methylation in neonates mediates the association between prenatal smoking and birth weight [2019]
• Europe
  • BMC Medicine
    • In utero and childhood exposure to tobacco smoke and multi-layer molecular signatures in children [2020]
• Europe, United States
  • American Journal of Human Genetics
    • DNA Methylation in Newborns and Maternal Smoking in Pregnancy: Genome-wide Consortium Meta-analysis [2016]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Vaping during pregnancy: a systematic review of health outcomes [2024]
  • Harm Reduction Journal
    • Potential effects of using non-combustible tobacco and nicotine products during pregnancy: a systematic review [2020]
• Finland
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • The association of maternal-fetal attachment with smoking and smoking cessation during pregnancy in The FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study [2020]
  • BMJ Open
    • Associations between maternal age and socioeconomic status with smoking during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy: a register-based study of 932 671 women in Finland from 2000 to 2015 [2020]
    • Changes in objectively measured smoking in pregnancy by time and legislative changes in Finland: a retrospective cohort study [2016]
• France
  • International Journal of Public Health
    • Trends in Tobacco Smoking in Pregnant Women: Data From French National Perinatal Surveys [2021]
  • Journal of Gynecology Obstetrics and Human Reproduction
    • Smoking and smoking cessation in pregnancy. Synthesis of a systematic review [2020]
  • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene
    • Smoking during pregnancy: a difficult problem to face. Results of a French multi-center study [2016]
• High-income countries
  • Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
    • Pharmacological interventions for promoting smoking cessation during pregnancy [2020]
    • Factors influencing the uptake and use of nicotine replacement therapy and e-cigarettes in pregnant women who smoke: a qualitative evidence synthesis [2020]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Safety of Nicotine Replacement Therapy during Pregnancy: A Narrative Review [2022]
  • Women's Health
    • Facilitators and barriers to substance-free pregnancies in high-income countries: A meta-synthesis of qualitative research [2022]
• Iceland
  • European Journal of Public Health
    • Smoking and obesity among pregnant women in Iceland 2001–2010 [2015]
  • Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care
    • Smoking during pregnancy: Childbirth and Health Study in Primary Care in Iceland [2014]
• India
  • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
    • Smokeless Tobacco Use among Pregnant Women in India: The Tale of Two Nationally Representative Surveys [2022]
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • Prevalence and factors associated with tobacco use among pregnant and breastfeeding mothers in India: insights from the National Family Health Survey-5 (2019-21) [2025]
• International
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Health providers’ and pregnant women’s perspectives about smoking cessation support: a COM-B analysis of a global systematic review of qualitative studies [2021]
    • Health outcomes of smoking during pregnancy and the postpartum period: an umbrella review [2021]
  • BMJ Open
    • What components of smoking cessation care during pregnancy are implemented by health providers? A systematic review and meta-analysis [2019]
    • Systematic critical review of previous economic evaluations of smoking cessation during pregnancy [2015]
  • Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
    • Psychosocial interventions for supporting women to stop smoking in pregnancy [2017]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Special Issue on the Effects of Prenatal Smoking/Nicotine Exposure on the Child’s Health [2021]
  • Lancet Global Health
    • National, regional, and global prevalence of smoking during pregnancy in the general population: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2018]
  • PLoS ONE
    • The invisible enemy: A systematic review and meta-analysis of maternal smokeless tobacco use as a risk factor for low birth weight [2024]
• Japan
  • Environmental Research
    • Evaluating association of smoking status during pregnancy with adverse birth outcomes using urinary cotinine concentration: The Japan environment and Children's study (JECS) [2022]
    • Dose-response relationships between maternal urinary cotinine and placental weight and ratio of placental weight to birth weight: The Japan Environment and Children's Study [2022]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Association between Heated Tobacco Product Use during Pregnancy and Fetal Growth in Japan: A Nationwide Web-Based Survey [2022]
    • Determination of Urinary Cotinine Cut-Off Concentrations for Pregnant Women in the Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS) [2020]
    • Individual and Regional Characteristics Associated with Maternal Smoking During Pregnancy in Japan: Healthy Parents and Children 21 [2019]
  • Scientific Reports
    • Decreased head circumference at birth associated with maternal tobacco smoke exposure during pregnancy on the Japanese prospective birth cohort study [2021]
• Jordan
  • PLoS ONE
    • Trends of maternal waterpipe, cigarettes, and dual tobacco smoking in Jordan. A decade of lost opportunities [2021]
• Netherlands
  • BMC Health Services Research
    • Facilitating smoking cessation in patients who smoke: a large-scale cross-sectional comparison of fourteen groups of healthcare providers [2019]
    • Government supervision on quality of smoking-cessation counselling in midwifery practices: a qualitative exploration [2017]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Women who smoke during pregnancy are more likely to be referred to an obstetrician during pregnancy and birth: results from a cohort study [2022]
• Papua New Guinea
  • PLoS ONE
    • Cigarette smoking during breastfeeding in Papua New Guinea: Prevalence and demographic and socio-economic predictors [2022]
• Peru
  • Global Health Research and Policy
    • The impact of anti-tobacco legislation on birth weight in Peru [2020]
• South Africa
  • International Journal of Preventive Medicine
    • Maternal Tobacco use during Pregnancy in South Africa: Results from a National Population-based Survey [2019]
• Spain
  • Archivos de Bronconeumología
    • Clinical Practice Guideline of Spanish Society of Pneumology and Thoracic Surgery (SEPAR) on Pharmacological Treatment of Tobacco Dependence 2023 [2023]
• Sweden
  • BMC Medicine
    • Maternal smoking during pregnancy and type 1 diabetes in the offspring: a nationwide register-based study with family-based designs [2022]
  • BMJ
    • Maternal smoking during pregnancy and fractures in offspring: national register based sibling comparison study [2020]
  • European Journal of Public Health
    • Smoking during pregnancy among immigrants to Sweden, 1992–2008: the effects of secular trends and time since migration [2013]
  • International Journal of Epidemiology
    • Maternal smoking and smokeless tobacco use during pregnancy and offspring development: sibling analysis in an intergenerational Swedish cohort [2021]
  • Nicotine & Tobacco Research
    • Smoking During Pregnancy Among Immigrant Women With Same-Origin and Swedish-Born Partners [2021]
• United Kingdom
  • Addiction
    • Financial incentives for quitting smoking in pregnancy: Are they cost-effective? [2023]
    • Investigating the cost-effectiveness of three cessation interventions on a national scale using the Economics of Smoking in Pregnancy (ESIP) decision analytical model [2022]
  • Addictive Behaviors
    • Smoking and vaping patterns during pregnancy and the postpartum: A longitudinal UK cohort survey [2021]
  • Addictive Behaviors Reports
    • Stop smoking practitioner consensus on barriers and facilitators to smoking cessation in pregnancy and how to address these: A modified Delphi survey [2019]
  • Health Technology Assessment
    • Helping pregnant smokers quit: a multi-centre randomised controlled trial of electronic cigarettes versus nicotine replacement therapy [2023]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Smoking Cessation Support for Pregnant Women Provided by English Stop Smoking Services and National Health Service Trusts: A Survey [2022]
    • Attitudes to E-Cigarettes and Cessation Support for Pregnant Women from English Stop Smoking Services: A Mixed Methods Study [2019]
  • International Journal of Epidemiology
    • Using a cross-cohort comparison design to test the role of maternal smoking in pregnancy in child mental health and learning: evidence from two UK cohorts born four decades apart [2020]
  • National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
    • Tobacco: preventing uptake, promoting quitting and treating dependence [2023]
  • NHS Digital
    • Statistics on Women's Smoking Status at Time of Delivery: England
  • NHS England
    • Greater Manchester Smokefree Pregnancy Guideline and Care Pathway [2023]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Electronic cigarette use (vaping) and patterns of tobacco cigarette smoking in pregnancy–evidence from a population-based maternity survey in England [2021]
    • Women’s Longitudinal Patterns of Smoking during the Pre-Conception, Pregnancy and Postnatal Period: Evidence from the UK Infant Feeding Survey [2016]
  • Population Health Metrics
    • Small area synthetic estimates of smoking prevalence during pregnancy in England [2015]
  • Public Health England
    • Characteristics of women who stop smoking in pregnancy
  • WISDOM
    • Guideline for Smoking Cessation in Pregnancy [2022]
• United States
  • Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
    • Interventions for Tobacco Cessation in Adults, Including Pregnant Women: An Evidence Update for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force [2021]
  • American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
    • Tobacco and Nicotine Cessation During Pregnancy [2020]
  • BMC Medicine
    • Maternal cigarette smoking before or during pregnancy increases the risk of birth congenital anomalies: a population-based retrospective cohort study of 12 million mother-infant pairs [2022]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Trends in smoking during pregnancy by socioeconomic characteristics in the United States, 2010–2017 [2020]
    • Electronic cigarettes may not be a “safer alternative” of conventional cigarettes during pregnancy: evidence from the nationally representative PRAMS data [2020]
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Cigarette Smoking Among Pregnant Women During the Perinatal Period: Prevalence and Health Care Provider Inquiries — Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, United States, 2021 [2024]
    • Declines in Cigarette Smoking During Pregnancy in the United States, 2016-2021 [2023]
    • Maternal periconceptional alcohol consumption and gastroschisis in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study, 1997-2011 [2022]
    • Maternal Smoking and Congenital Heart Defects, National Birth Defects Prevention Study, 1997-2011 [2022]
    • Smoking Prevalence and Cessation Before and During Pregnancy: Data From the Birth Certificate, 2014 [2016]
    • Maternal and Infant Care Settings and Smoking Cessation
    • Health Effects of Cigarettes: Reproductive Health
  • JAMA Network Open
    • Cigarette Smoking Abstinence Among Pregnant Individuals Using E-Cigarettes or Nicotine Replacement Therapy [2023]
  • Maternal and Child Health Journal
    • Investigating the Role of Race and Stressful Life Events on the Smoking Patterns of Pregnant and Postpartum Women in the United States: A Multistate Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System Phase 8 (2016-2018) Analysis [2023]
  • Nicotine & Tobacco Research
    • Demographic Characteristics, Perinatal Smoking Patterns, and Risk for Neonatal Health Complications Among Pregnant Smokers in the United States Who Begin Using Electronic Cigarettes During Pregnancy: A Descriptive Study Using Population-Based Surveillance Data [2024]
    • Birth Outcomes Associated With E-Cigarette and Non-E-Cigarette Tobacco Product Use During Pregnancy: An Examination of PATH Data Waves 1-5 [2023]
  • Pediatrics
    • Maternal Smoking Before and During Pregnancy and the Risk of Sudden Unexpected Infant Death [2019]
  • PLoS Medicine
    • Maternal cigarette smoking before and during pregnancy and the risk of preterm birth: A dose–response analysis of 25 million mother–infant pairs [2020]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Electronic cigarette use during pregnancy and the risk of adverse birth outcomes: A cross-sectional surveillance study of the US Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) population [2023]
  • Preventive Medicine
    • Smoking Prevalence Among U.S. National Samples of Pregnant Women [2020]
    • Decreasing smoking during pregnancy: Potential economic benefit of reducing sudden unexpected infant death [2020]
    • Nicotine replacement therapy and other interventions for pregnant smokers: Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, 2009–2010 [2015]
  • Preventive Medicine Reports
    • Social determinants of smoke exposure during pregnancy: Findings from waves 1 & 2 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study [2018]
    • Clinicians’ awareness of the Affordable Care Act mandate to provide comprehensive tobacco cessation treatment for pregnant women covered by Medicaid [2015]
  • Reproductive Health
    • Prevalence and patterns of cigarette smoking before and during early and late pregnancy according to maternal characteristics: the first national data based on the 2003 birth certificate revision, United States, 2016 [2019]
  • SSM - Population Health
    • Disparities in smoking during pregnancy by sexual orientation and race-ethnicity [2021]
  • U.S. Preventive Services Task Force
    • Tobacco Smoking Cessation in Adults, Including Pregnant Persons: Interventions [2021]
• WHO
  • World Health Organization
    • Tobacco control to improve child health and development: thematic brief [2021]
    • WHO recommendations for the prevention and management of tobacco use and second-hand smoke exposure in pregnancy [2013]
    • Gender, women, and the tobacco epidemic [2010]
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Obstetrics, perinatology

Stillbirth, perinatal mortality, neonatal mortality

• Algeria
  • African Health Sciences
    • Socio-demographic determinants of neonatal mortality in Algeria according to MICS4 data (2012–2013) [2021]
• Americas
  • Pan American Health Organization
    • Health in the Americas: Potentially avoidable premature mortality [2024]
• Australia
  • Australian Institute of Health and Welfare
    • Perinatal deaths in Australia 2013–2014 [2018]
    • Stillbirths and neonatal deaths
  • NSW Health
    • Perinatal deaths by gestational age
  • Queensland Health
    • Stillbirth care
  • SA Health
    • Stillbirth Investigations
    • Oxytocin High Dose Regimen for Intrauterine Fetal Death
    • Intrauterine Fetal Death (IUFD): Medical management in the Third Trimester
  • Scientific Reports
    • Stillbirth risk prediction using machine learning for a large cohort of births from Western Australia, 1980–2015 [2020]
• Austria
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Institutional guidelines on maternal care and investigations following antepartum stillbirth - a national survey [2021]
  • Journal of Clinical Medicine
    • Epidemiology of Antepartum Stillbirths in Austria—A Population-Based Study between 2008 and 2020 [2021]
• Bangladesh
  • BMC Public Health
    • Sociodemographic and maternal health-related factors associated with mortality among children under three in Bangladesh: an analysis of data from Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2017-18 [2024]
  • BMJ Open
    • Identifying regional disparities of infant mortality rates in Bangladesh: insights from nationwide cross-sectional studies and a statistical modelling approach using linear mixed effects model with temporal variability [2023]
  • Global Health Action
    • The importance of intersectoral factors in promoting equity-oriented universal health coverage: a multilevel analysis of social determinants affecting neonatal infant and under-five mortality in Bangladesh [2016]
  • Journal of Global Health
    • Availability and readiness of health care facilities and their effects on under-five mortality in Bangladesh: Analysis of linked data [2022]
    • Child mortality in Bangladesh – why, when, where and how? A national survey-based analysis [2021]
  • PLoS Medicine
    • Health care services use, stillbirth, and neonatal and infant survival following implementation of the Maternal Health Voucher Scheme in Bangladesh: A difference-in-differences analysis of Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey data, 2000 to 2016 [2022]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Association between maternal high-risk fertility behaviour and perinatal mortality in Bangladesh: Evidence from the Demographic and Health Survey [2023]
    • Exploring association between place of delivery and newborn care with early-neonatal mortality in Bangladesh [2022]
    • Trends and projections of under-5 mortality in Bangladesh including the effects of maternal high-risk fertility behaviours and use of healthcare services [2021]
    • When, Where, and Why Are Babies Dying? Neonatal Death Surveillance and Review in Bangladesh [2016]
  • Scientific Reports
    • An explanation of the stagnant under-5 mortality rate in Bangladesh using multilevel, multivariable analysis of three Demographic and Health Surveys [2024]
• Brazil
  • Cadernos de Saúde Pública
    • Birth in Brazil survey: neonatal mortality, pregnancy and childbirth quality of care [2014]
  • Ciência & Saúde Coletiva
    • Epidemiological profile of mortality in indigenous children under five years of age in Brazil: an integrative literature review [2025]
    • Trends in neonatal mortality in Brazil from 2007 to 2017 [2022]
  • Revista de Saúde Pública
    • Space-time trends in fetal mortality in Brazil, 1996–2021 [2025]
    • Fetal deaths in Brazil: a systematic review [2015]
• Burundi
  • Archives of Public Health
    • Time trends, geographical, socio-economic, and gender disparities in neonatal mortality in Burundi: evidence from the demographic and health surveys, 2010–2016 [2020]
• Cameroon
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Stillbirths in Cameroon: an analysis of the 1998-2011 demographic and health surveys [2022]
• Canada
  • Canadian Journal of Public Health
    • Stillbirth in Canada: anachronistic definition and registration processes impede public health surveillance and clinical care [2021]
  • Perinatal Services BC
    • Perinatal Mortality Guideline [2017]
    • Stillbirth
  • Public Health Agency of Canada
    • Neonatal Adverse Outcomes among Hospital Livebirths in Canada: A National Retrospective Study [2024]
  • Public Health Reports
    • Stillbirth Among Arab Women in Canada, 1981-2015 [2020]
  • Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada
    • Stillbirth Investigation [2020]
    • Management of Pregnancy Subsequent to Stillbirth [2018]
    • Fetal and Perinatal Autopsy in Prenatally Diagnosed Fetal Abnormalities with Normal Chromosome Analysis [2018]
  • Statistics Canada
    • Perinatal mortality (late fetal deaths and early neonatal deaths)
• Canada, Europe, United States
  • BMJ Open
    • Impact of regionalisation and case-volume on neonatal and perinatal mortality: an umbrella review [2020]
• Canada, France
  • CMAJ Open
    • A population-based comparison of preterm neonatal deaths (22–34 gestational weeks) in France and Ontario: a cohort study [2019]
• China
  • BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology
    • Stillbirths in China: a nationwide survey [2021]
  • BMC Pediatrics
    • Neonatal mortality and morbidity among infants between 24 to 31 complete weeks: a multicenter survey in China from 2013 to 2014 [2016]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Apgar score and neonatal mortality in China: an observational study from a national surveillance system [2021]
  • BMJ Open
    • Neonatal mortality and leading causes of deaths: a descriptive study in China, 2014–2018 [2021]
    • Effect of basic public health service project on neonatal health services and neonatal mortality in China: a longitudinal time-series study [2020]
  • China CDC Weekly
    • The Trend and Cause of Mortality Burden in Infancy — China, 1990–2019 [2021]
    • Achieving the Sustainable Development Goal of Eliminating Preventable Newborn Deaths — China in Action [2021]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Preterm neonatal mortality in China during 2009–2018: A retrospective study [2021]
• Colombia
  • Social Science & Medicine
    • Stillbirths, miscarriages and early losses in armed conflict contexts. The modification effect of violence. The Colombian case [2023]
• Croatia
  • BioMed Research International
    • Perinatal Health Statistics as the Basis for Perinatal Quality Assessment in Croatia [2015]
• Democratic Republic of Congo
  • Bulletin of the World Health Organization
    • Under-five mortality in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: secondary analyses of survey and conflict data by province [2022]
• Denmark
  • American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology
    • The Danish newborn standard and the International Fetal and Newborn Growth Consortium for the 21st Century newborn standard: a nationwide register-based cohort study [2023]
  • BMJ Open
    • Are the Danish stillbirth rates still record low? A nationwide ecological study [2020]
  • Scientific Reports
    • Social and ethnic disparities in stillbirth and infant death in Denmark, 2005–2016 [2021]
• Dominica
  • Lancet Global Health
    • The national tragedy of rising childhood mortality in Dominica: 15 years and counting [2019]
• East Africa
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Prevalence of stillbirth and its associated factors in East Africa: generalized linear mixed modeling [2021]
  • BMC Public Health
    • Multilevel modelling of determinants of perinatal mortality in East Africa: a pooled analysis of National health survey data [2025]
• Ecuador
  • BMC Public Health
    • The spatio-temporal dynamics of infant mortality in Ecuador from 2010 to 2019 [2022]
• Ethiopia
  • African Health Sciences
    • Determinants of neonatal mortality in Ethiopia: an analysis of the 2016 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey [2020]
  • BMC Health Services Research
    • The effect of distance to health facility on neonatal mortality in Ethiopia [2023]
  • BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making
    • Predicting perinatal mortality based on maternal health status and health insurance service using homogeneous ensemble machine learning methods [2022]
  • BMC Pediatrics
    • Trend, and multivariate decomposition of perinatal mortality in Ethiopia using further analysis of EDHS 2005-2016 [2024]
    • Early neonatal mortality and determinants in Ethiopia: multilevel analysis of Ethiopian demographic and health survey, 2019 [2024]
    • Epidemiology of neonatal mortality: a spatial and multilevel analysis of the 2019 mini-Ethiopian demographic and health survey data [2023]
    • Adverse fetal outcomes and its associated factors in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2020]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Trends of stillbirth among reproductive-age women in Ethiopia based on Ethiopian demographic and health surveys: a multivariate decomposition analysis [2020]
    • Magnitude and trend of perinatal mortality and its relationship with inter-pregnancy interval in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2020]
  • BMC Public Health
    • Early neonatal mortality in Ethiopia from 2000 to 2019: an analysis of trends and a multivariate decomposition analysis of Ethiopian demographic and health survey [2024]
    • Neonatal mortality in Ethiopia: trends and determinants [2013]
  • BMC Research Notes
    • Factors affecting neonatal mortality in the general population: evidence from the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS)—multilevel analysis [2019]
  • BMC Women's Health
    • Neonatal mortality and associated factors in Ethiopia: a cross-sectional population-based study [2021]
  • BMJ Open
    • Spatial distribution of stillbirth and associated factors in Ethiopia: a spatial and multilevel analysis [2020]
  • BMJ Paediatrics Open
    • Prevalence and determinants of early neonatal mortality in Ethiopia: findings from the Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey 2016 [2023]
  • Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences
    • Perinatal Mortality Trends in Ethiopia [2014]
  • International Journal of Pediatrics
    • The Magnitude of Neonatal Mortality and Its Predictors in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2021]
  • Italian Journal of Pediatrics
    • Incidence of neonatal mortality and its predictors among live births in Ethiopia: Gompertz gamma shared frailty model [2020]
  • Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition
    • Pooled estimates of stillbirth in Ethiopia: systematic review and meta-analysis, 2013-2024 [2025]
  • Maternal Health, Neonatology and Perinatology
    • Logistic regression analysis on the determinants of stillbirth in Ethiopia [2016]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Timing of perinatal death; causes, circumstances, and regional variations among reviewed deaths in Ethiopia [2023]
    • Prevalence and determinants of neonatal near miss in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2023]
    • Spatial pattern of perinatal mortality and its determinants in Ethiopia: Data from Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey 2016 [2020]
    • Inequalities and trends in Neonatal Mortality Rate (NMR) in Ethiopia: Evidence from the Ethiopia Demographic and Health Surveys, 2000–2016 [2020]
  • Scientific Reports
    • Prevalence and associated factors of neonatal mortality in Ethiopia [2022]
  • Tropical Medicine and Health
    • Risk factor of neonatal mortality in Ethiopia: multilevel analysis of 2016 Demographic and Health Survey [2021]
• Europe
  • Euro-Peristat
    • Neonatal Mortality Disparities by Gestational Age in European Countries [2024]
    • Clarity and consistency in stillbirth reporting in Europe: why is it so hard to get this right? [2022]
    • Producing valid statistics when legislation, culture and medical practices differ for births at or before the threshold of survival: report of a European workshop [2020]
    • How do late terminations of pregnancy affect comparisons of stillbirth rates in Europe? Analyses of aggregated routine data from the Euro-Peristat Project [2018]
    • Socioeconomic inequalities in stillbirth rates in Europe: measuring the gap using routine data from the Euro-Peristat Project [2016]
    • Declines in stillbirth and neonatal mortality rates in Europe between 2004 and 2010: results from the Euro-Peristat project [2016]
    • International comparisons of fetal and neonatal mortality rates in high-income countries: should exclusion thresholds be based on birth weight or gestational age? [2013]
    • Gestational age patterns of fetal and neonatal mortality in Europe: results from the Euro-Peristat project [2011]
  • WHO European Region
    • Child and adolescent health in the WHO European Region: mortality fact sheet [2024]
    • Perinatal deaths per 1000 births
    • Neonatal deaths per 1000 live births
    • Fetal deaths per 1000 births
• Gambia
  • BMC Pediatrics
    • The large contribution of twins to neonatal and post-neonatal mortality in The Gambia, a 5-year prospective study [2016]
• Germany
  • Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics
    • Temporal trends in fetal mortality at and beyond term and induction of labor in Germany 2005–2012: data from German routine perinatal monitoring [2015]
  • Deutsches Ärzteblatt International
    • Rising Stillbirth Rates in Germany [2023]
• Ghana
  • Archives of Public Health
    • Survival analysis of neonatal mortality in Ghana using three population-based surveys [2022]
  • BMC Public Health
    • Geospatial analysis of determinants of neonatal mortality in Ghana [2021]
  • BMJ Global Health
    • Out of sight, out of mind? Evidence from cross-sectional surveys on hidden caesarean sections among women with stillbirths in Ghana, 2007 and 2017 [2023]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Evaluating the impact of maternal health care policy on stillbirth and perinatal mortality in Ghana; a mixed method approach using two rounds of Ghana demographic and health survey data sets and qualitative design technique [2022]
    • Evaluation of neonatal mortality data completeness and accuracy in Ghana [2021]
• High-income countries
  • Journal of Perinatal Medicine
    • Investigation and management of stillbirth: a descriptive review of major guidelines [2022]
  • PLoS Medicine
    • Risks of stillbirth and neonatal death with advancing gestation at term: A systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies of 15 million pregnancies [2019]
• India
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Unraveling the complexity of selected adverse neonatal outcomes in India: a multilevel analysis using data from a nationally representative sample survey [2025]
  • BMC Public Health
    • Maternal metabolic health conditions and risk of stillbirth in India: evidence from a nationwide survey [2025]
  • BMJ Open
    • Stillbirth among women in nine states in India: rate and risk factors in study of 886,505 women from the annual health survey [2018]
    • Estimation of perinatal mortality rate for institutional births in Rajasthan state, India, using capture–recapture technique [2015]
  • Bulletin of the World Health Organization
    • Stillbirth undercount in the sample registration system and national family health survey, India [2023]
  • Federation of Obstetric and Gynecological Societies of India
    • Prevention and Management of Stillbirths [2024]
  • Indian Journal of Community Medicine
    • Differential and Determinants of Neonatal Mortality: A Comparative Study in Northern and Southern Regions of India [2021]
  • Journal of Perinatology
    • State of newborn health in India [2016]
  • Lancet
    • Subnational mapping of under-5 and neonatal mortality trends in India: the Global Burden of Disease Study 2000–17 [2020]
  • Scientific Reports
    • The association between institutional delivery and neonatal mortality based on the quality of maternal and newborn health system in India [2022]
  • SSM - Population Health
    • Can administrative health data be used to estimate population level birth and child mortality estimates? A comparison of India's Health Information Management System data with nationally representative survey data [2022]
• India, Pakistan
  • Lancet Global Health
    • The causes of stillbirths in south Asia: results from a prospective study in India and Pakistan (PURPOSe) [2022]
  • Reproductive Health
    • Gender variations in neonatal and early infant mortality in India and Pakistan: a secondary analysis from the Global Network Maternal Newborn Health Registry [2020]
• Indonesia
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Risk of recurrent stillbirth and neonatal mortality: mother-specific random effects analysis using longitudinal panel data from Indonesia (2000 - 2014) [2022]
• International
  • BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology
    • Making stillbirths visible: a systematic review of globally reported causes of stillbirth [2017]
    • Optimising the International Classification of Diseases to identify the maternal condition in the case of perinatal death [2016]
    • Giving a voice to millions: developing the WHO application of ICD-10 to deaths during the perinatal period: ICD-PM [2016]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Understanding the clinical utility of stillbirth investigations: a scoping review [2025]
    • Ending preventable stillbirths and improving bereavement care: a scorecard for high- and upper-middle income countries [2023]
    • Seeking order amidst chaos: a systematic review of classification systems for causes of stillbirth and neonatal death, 2009–2014 [2016]
    • Evaluation of an international educational programme for health care professionals on best practice in the management of a perinatal death: IMproving Perinatal mortality Review and Outcomes Via Education (IMPROVE) [2016]
    • Classification systems for causes of stillbirth and neonatal death, 2009–2014: an assessment of alignment with characteristics for an effective global system [2016]
    • Counting every stillbirth and neonatal death through mortality audit to improve quality of care for every pregnant woman and her baby [2015]
    • Count every newborn; a measurement improvement roadmap for coverage data [2015]
  • BMC Public Health
    • Global trends in incidence and death of neonatal disorders and its specific causes in 204 countries/territories during 1990-2019 [2022]
    • Neonatal mortality burden and trends in UNHCR refugee camps, 2006–2017: a retrospective analysis [2021]
  • BMJ Paediatrics Open
    • Neonatal death prediction scores: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2024]
  • Child Mortality Estimates
    • Child Mortality Estimates
  • Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
    • Antenatal interventions for preventing stillbirth, fetal loss and perinatal death: an overview of Cochrane systematic reviews [2020]
  • Current Epidemiology Reports
    • Methodological Challenges in International Comparisons of Perinatal Mortality [2017]
  • International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics
    • FIGO good practice recommendations: Bundle of care to reduce neonatal mortality and improve outcomes after preterm and term delivery [2023]
  • International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics
    • Definitions, terminology and standards for reporting of births and deaths in the perinatal period: International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) [2025]
  • International Journal of Public Health
    • A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Risk of Stillbirth, Perinatal and Neonatal Mortality in Immigrant Women [2022]
  • JBI Evidence Synthesis
    • Timing of neonatal mortality and severe morbidity during the postnatal period: a systematic review [2023]
  • Journal of Global Health
    • Spatial patterns and temporal trends in stillbirth, neonatal, and infant mortality: an exploration of country-level data from 2000 to 2021 [2025]
    • The global use of the International Classification of Diseases to Perinatal Mortality (ICD-PM): A systematic review [2022]
    • Setting research priorities to improve global newborn health and prevent stillbirths by 2025 [2015]
  • Journal of Perinatal Medicine
    • Perinatal mortality audits and reporting of perinatal deaths: systematic review of outcomes and barriers [2022]
  • Lancet
    • Global, regional, and national stillbirths at 20 weeks' gestation or longer in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2021: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 [2024]
    • Effects of race and ethnicity on perinatal outcomes in high-income and upper-middle-income countries: an individual participant data meta-analysis of 2 198 655 pregnancies [2022]
    • Global, regional, and national estimates and trends in stillbirths from 2000 to 2019: a systematic assessment [2021]
    • Global, regional, national, and selected subnational levels of stillbirths, neonatal, infant, and under-5 mortality, 1980–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 [2016]
    • Global, regional, and national levels of neonatal, infant, and under-5 mortality during 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 [2014]
  • Lancet Global Health
    • The risk of perinatal mortality following short inter-pregnancy intervals-insights from 692 402 pregnancies in 113 Demographic and Health Surveys from 46 countries: a population-based analysis [2023]
  • Nature
    • Mapping 123 million neonatal, infant and child deaths between 2000 and 2017 [2019]
  • PLoS Medicine
    • Neonatal Mortality Levels for 193 Countries in 2009 with Trends since 1990: A Systematic Analysis of Progress, Projections, and Priorities [2011]
  • Population Health Metrics
    • Four decades of measuring stillbirths and neonatal deaths in Demographic and Health Surveys: historical review [2021]
    • Every newborn-INDEPTH study: improving the measurement of pregnancy outcomes in population-based surveys [2021]
  • Scientific Reports
    • Evidence of health inequity in child survival: spatial and Bayesian network analyses of stillbirth rates in 194 countries [2019]
  • United Nations Children's Fund - UNICEF
    • Preventing and Addressing Stillbirths Along the Continuum of Care [2023]
    • Stillbirth Definition and Data Quality Assessment for Health Management Information Systems (HMIS) [2022]
    • A Neglected Tragedy: The global burden of stillbirths [2020]
    • Neonatal mortality
    • Levels and Trends in Child Mortality
  • United Nations Population Fund
    • Ending Preventable Newborn Deaths and Stillbirths by 2030 [2020]
  • Vaccine
    • Neonatal death: Case definition & guidelines for data collection, analysis, and presentation of immunization safety data [2016]
  • World Bank
    • Mortality rate, neonatal (per 1,000 live births)
• Iran
  • Annali di Igiene
    • Incidence and maternal-fetal risk factors of stillbirth. A population-based historical cohort and a nested casecontrol study [2021]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Proposing a machine-learning based method to predict stillbirth before and during delivery and ranking the features: nationwide retrospective cross-sectional study [2021]
  • Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran
    • Risk factors of neonatal mortality in Iran: a systematic review [2019]
• Ireland
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Intrapartum fetal deaths and unexpected neonatal deaths in the Republic of Ireland: 2011 – 2014; a descriptive study [2018]
  • European Journal of Public Health
    • Perinatal mortality in Ireland: inequalities by socio-economic group and country of birth [2023]
  • Ireland's Health Services
    • Stillbirth: Prevention, Investigation, Management and Care [2023]
• Ireland, United Kingdom
  • BMJ Open
    • Socioeconomic inequalities and adverse pregnancy outcomes in the UK and Republic of Ireland: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2021]
• Japan
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Trends in the causes of stillbirths over 20 years in Southern Japan [2025]
  • Pediatric Research
    • Impact of being large-for-gestational-age on neonatal mortality and morbidities in extremely premature infants [2021]
  • Scientific Reports
    • Trends in perinatal mortality and its risk factors in Japan: Analysis of vital registration data, 1979-2010 [2017]
  • Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine
    • Recommendations for Preventing Stillbirth: A Regional Population-Based Study in Japan during 2007-2011 [2015]
• Jordan
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • Rate, Risk Factors, and Causes of Neonatal Deaths in Jordan: Analysis of Data From Jordan Stillbirth and Neonatal Surveillance System (JSANDS) [2020]
  • Journal of Medical Internet Research
    • The Jordan Stillbirth and Neonatal Mortality Surveillance (JSANDS) System: Evaluation Study [2021]
• Kenya
  • BMJ Global Health
    • Neonatal mortality in Kenyan hospitals: a multisite, retrospective, cohort study [2021]
  • International Journal of Maternal and Child Health and AIDS
    • Determinants of Neonatal Mortality in Kenya: Evidence from the Kenya Demographic and Health Survey 2014 [2021]
• Latin America
  • Clinics
    • Neonatal Near Miss: the need for a standard definition and appropriate criteria and the rationale for a prospective surveillance system [2015]
  • PLoS ONE
    • The burden of stillbirths in low resource settings in Latin America: Evidence from a network using an electronic surveillance system [2023]
• Low and middle income countries
  • BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology
    • Causes of and factors associated with stillbirth in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic literature review [2014]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of home-based postpartum care on neonatal mortality and exclusive breastfeeding practice in low-and-middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2020]
  • BMJ Open Quality
    • Approaches, enablers, barriers and outcomes of implementing facility-based stillbirth and neonatal death audit in LMICs: a systematic review [2021]
  • Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences
    • A Meta-Analysis of Socio-Demographic Factors for Perinatal Mortality in Developing Countries: A Subgroup Analysis of the National Surveys and Small Scale Studies [2014]
  • International Journal of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine
    • Review of the evidence for interventions to reduce perinatal mortality in low- and middle-income countries [2020]
  • JAMA Network Open
    • Adherence to Perinatal Asphyxia or Sepsis Management Guidelines in Low- and Middle-Income Countries [2025]
    • Predictive Modeling for Perinatal Mortality in Resource-Limited Settings [2020]
  • Journal of Global Health
    • Population attributable fractions for modifiable risk factors of neonatal, infant, and under-five mortality in 48 low- and middle-income countries [2025]
    • Stillbirths and neonatal mortality in LMICs: A community-based mother-infant cohort study [2023]
    • Negative effects of short birth interval on child mortality in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2022]
  • Journal of Perinatology
    • When do newborns die? A systematic review of timing of overall and cause-specific neonatal deaths in developing countries [2016]
  • Lancet Global Health
    • Measuring stillbirth and perinatal mortality rates through household surveys: a population-based analysis using an integrated approach to data quality assessment and adjustment with 157 surveys from 53 countries [2023]
  • PLoS ONE
    • The Global Network Socioeconomic Status Index as a predictor of stillbirths, perinatal mortality, and neonatal mortality in rural communities in low and lower middle income country sites of the Global Network for Women's and Children's Health Research [2022]
  • Population Health Metrics
    • Stillbirth outcome capture and classification in population-based surveys: EN-INDEPTH study [2021]
    • Stillbirth maternity care measurement and associated factors in population-based surveys: EN-INDEPTH study [2021]
    • Birth, stillbirth and death registration data completeness, quality and utility in population-based surveys: EN-INDEPTH study [2021]
  • Reproductive Health
    • Stillbirth 2010–2018: a prospective, population-based, multi-country study from the Global Network [2020]
    • Institutional deliveries and stillbirth and neonatal mortality in the Global Network's Maternal and Newborn Health Registry [2020]
    • Evaluating the effect of care around labor and delivery practices on early neonatal mortality in the Global Network’s Maternal and Newborn Health Registry [2020]
    • Stillbirth rates in low-middle income countries 2010 - 2013: a population-based, multi-country study from the Global Network [2015]
  • Scientific Reports
    • Association of maternal history of neonatal death with subsequent neonatal death across 56 low- and middle-income countries [2021]
  • Seminars in Perinatology
    • Challenges in Classification and Assignment of Causes of Stillbirths in Low- and Lower Middle-Income Countries [2019]
  • United Nations Children's Fund - UNICEF
    • Stillbirth in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A conceptual framework [2022]
• Low-income countries
  • Archives of Disease in Childhood
    • Perinatal interventions and survival in resource-poor settings: which work, which don’t, which have the jury out? [2010]
  • Journal of Global Health
    • Do we need a new global policy for ending preventable perinatal deaths in fragile low-income countries? [2023]
  • Journal of Perinatology
    • Home-based neonatal care by community health workers for preventing mortality in neonates in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review [2016]
  • World Health Organization
    • Health sector contributions towards improving the civil registration of births and deaths in low-income countries: guidance for health sector managers, civil registrars and development partners [2021]
• Macedonia
  • WHO European Region
    • Perinatal mortality audit: North Macedonia 2021–2022 [2025]
    • Perinatal mortality audit: North Macedonia 2020 [2023]
• Malawi
  • Journal of Global Health
    • Efforts to alter the trajectory of neonatal mortality in Malawi: evaluating relative effects of access to maternal care services and birth history risk factors [2018]
  • PLoS Medicine
    • Obstetric Facility Quality and Newborn Mortality in Malawi: A Cross-Sectional Study [2016]
• Malaysia
  • Medical Journal of Malaysia
    • Preventable stillbirths and neonatal deaths in Malaysia: An analysis of the under-five mortality surveillance data 2015-2017 [2023]
• Moldova
  • BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology
    • The experience of the implementation of perinatal audit in Moldova [2014]
• Myanmar
  • Demographic and Health Surveys
    • Use of Maternal and Neonatal Health Services Associated with Neonatal Death in Myanmar [2019]
• Nepal
  • Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica
    • The burden of and factors associated with misclassification of intrapartum stillbirth: Evidence from a large scale multicentric observational study [2020]
  • BMC Public Health
    • Neonatal health in Nepal: analysis of absolute and relative inequalities and impact of current efforts to reduce neonatal mortality [2013]
  • BMJ Global Health
    • The burden of misclassification of antepartum stillbirth in Nepal [2019]
• Netherlands
  • Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica
    • Perinatal mortality and neonatal and maternal outcome per gestational week in term pregnancies: A registry-based study [2022]
    • Intrapartum and neonatal mortality in low-risk term women in midwife-led care and obstetrician-led care at the onset of labor: A national matched cohort study [2020]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Stillbirth and neonatal mortality in a subsequent pregnancy following stillbirth: a population-based cohort study [2022]
  • BMC Public Health
    • Decreasing trend in preterm birth and perinatal mortality, do disparities also decline? [2020]
  • European Journal of Pediatrics
    • Dutch guideline for clinical foetal-neonatal and paediatric post-mortem radiology, including a review of literature [2018]
  • JAMA Network Open
    • Association Between Income and Perinatal Mortality in the Netherlands Across Gestational Age [2021]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Perinatal mortality rate and adverse perinatal outcomes presumably attributable to placental dysfunction in (near) term gestation: A nationwide 5-year cohort study [2023]
• New Zealand
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • An in-depth analysis of perinatal related mortality among women of South Asian ethnicity in Aotearoa New Zealand [2023]
  • Starship
    • Death of an infant in NICU
• Nigeria
  • BMC Pediatrics
    • Trends in neonatal mortality in Nigeria and effects of bio-demographic and maternal characteristics [2015]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Using propensity scores to estimate the effectiveness of maternal and newborn interventions to reduce neonatal mortality in Nigeria [2020]
  • Global Health Action
    • Women's empowerment as a determinant of neonatal mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa: a narrative review focused on Nigeria [2024]
• Norway
  • JAMA Network Open
    • Trends in Term Intrapartum Stillbirth in Norway [2023]
• Pakistan
  • BMC Public Health
    • Determinants of neonatal mortality in Pakistan: secondary analysis of Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey 2006-07 [2014]
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • Trends and risk factors of stillbirth among women of reproductive age in Pakistan: A multivariate decomposition analysis [2023]
  • Inquiry
    • Infant & Child Mortality in Pakistan and its Determinants: A Review [2023]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Cross-National Systematic Review of Neonatal Mortality and Postnatal Newborn Care: Special Focus on Pakistan [2017]
• Papua New Guinea
  • Frontiers in Public Health
    • Estimating Child Mortality at the Sub-national Level in Papua New Guinea: Evidence From the Integrated Health and Demographic Surveillance System [2022]
• Peru
  • BMC Public Health
    • Examining national and district-level trends in neonatal health in Peru through an equity lens: a success story driven by political will and societal advocacy [2016]
• Philippines
  • PLoS ONE
    • Stagnant Neonatal Mortality and Persistent Health Inequality in Middle-Income Countries: A Case Study of the Philippines [2013]
• Portugal
  • International Journal of Pediatrics
    • Biodemographic Analysis of Factors Related to Perinatal Mortality in Portugal (1988–2011) [2016]
• Republic of Guinea
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Disparities in use of skilled birth attendants and neonatal mortality rate in Guinea over two decades [2022]
• Republic of Korea
  • Journal of Korean Medical Science
    • Risk Factors for Cause-specific Mortality of Very-Low-Birth-Weight Infants in the Korean Neonatal Network [2015]
    • Recent Trends in Neonatal Mortality in Very Low Birth Weight Korean Infants: In Comparison with Japan and the USA [2011]
    • Decreasing Trends of Neonatal and Infant Mortality Rates in Korea: Compared with Japan, USA, and OECD Nations [2011]
  • Scientific Reports
    • Maternal age and risk of early neonatal mortality: a national cohort study [2021]
• Rwanda
  • International Journal of Maternal and Child Health and AIDS
    • Newborn Survival Case Study in Rwanda - Bottleneck Analysis and Projections in Key Maternal and Child Mortality Rates Using Lives Saved Tool (LiST) [2017]
• Senegal
  • Pan African Medical Journal
    • What caused neonatal deaths in Senegal in 2017? a secondary analysis of 2017 DHS [2020]
• Serbia
  • Balkan Medical Journal
    • Trends and Causes of Neonatal Mortality in Serbia, 1997-2016 [2020]
• Solomon Islands
  • Lancet Regional Health – Western Pacific
    • Prevalence and risk factors associated with under-five mortality in the Solomon Islands: an investigation from the 2015 Solomon Islands demographic and health survey data [2023]
    • Preventable stillbirths in the Solomon Islands – A hidden tragedy [2020]
• South Africa
  • Cost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation
    • Economic evaluations of interventions to reduce neonatal morbidity and mortality: a review of the evidence in LMICs and its implications for South Africa [2016]
  • Global Health: Science and Practice
    • From Pre-Implementation to Institutionalization: Lessons From Sustaining a Perinatal Audit Program in South Africa [2023]
  • Maternal Health, Neonatology and Perinatology
    • Timing and cause of perinatal mortality for small-for-gestational-age babies in South Africa: critical periods and challenges with detection [2016]
  • Public Health
    • The impact of national health promotion policy on stillbirth and maternal mortality in South Africa [2021]
• South Africa, United Kingdom
  • BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology
    • The WHO application of ICD-10 to deaths during the perinatal period: ICD-PM: results from pilot database testing in South Africa and United Kingdom [2016]
    • Application of ICD-PM to preterm-related neonatal deaths in the UK and South Africa [2016]
• South Asia
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Perinatal Mortality in South Asia: Systematic Review of Observational Studies [2018]
  • Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health
    • Mortality Projections, Regional Disparities in the Burden of Neonatal Disorders, and the Status of Achieving SDG Targets by 2030 in South Asia: Insights from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 [2025]
  • PLoS ONE
    • Factors associated with stillbirth in selected countries of South Asia: A systematic review of observational studies [2020]
• South Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa
  • PLoS Medicine
    • Hospital delivery and neonatal mortality in 37 countries in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia: An ecological study [2021]
• Southern Europe
  • PLoS ONE
    • Economic crisis and stillbirth ratios: Evidence from Southern Europe [2021]
• Spain
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Prevalence and Mode of Birth in Late Fetal Mortality in Spain, 2016-2019 [2023]
• Sri Lanka
  • Sri Lanka College of Obstetricians & Gynaecologists
    • Management of stillbirth [2022]
• Sub-Saharan Africa
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • The factors associated with stillbirths among sub-saharan African deliveries: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2023]
  • BMC Public Health
    • Determinants of adverse birth outcome in Sub-Saharan Africa: analysis of recent demographic and health surveys [2021]
  • BMJ Global Health
    • Variation in neonatal mortality and its relation to country characteristics in sub-Saharan Africa: an ecological study [2017]
  • Global Health Research and Policy
    • Pooled prevalence and multilevel determinants of stillbirths in sub-Saharan African countries: implications for achieving sustainable development goal [2025]
  • International Journal of Pediatrics
    • Incidence Density Rate of Neonatal Mortality and Predictors in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2020]
  • Italian Journal of Pediatrics
    • Individual and community level determinants of neonatal mortality in sub saharan Africa: findings from recent demographic and health survey data [2025]
  • PLoS ONE
    • The effect of air pollution on morbidity and mortality among children aged under five in sub-Saharan Africa: Systematic review and meta-analysis [2025]
    • Early neonatal mortality and determinants in sub-Saharan Africa: Findings from recent demographic and health survey data [2024]
    • Burden of early neonatal mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa. A systematic review and meta-analysis [2024]
    • Application of the ICD-PM classification system to stillbirth in four sub-Saharan African countries [2019]
• Sudan
  • BMC Public Health
    • Neonatal mortality in Sudan: analysis of the Sudan household survey, 2010 [2013]
• Suriname
  • Global Health Action
    • Investigation of stillbirth causes in Suriname: application of the WHO ICD-PM tool to national-level hospital data [2020]
• Sweden
  • Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica
    • Risk of stillbirth and adverse pregnancy outcomes in a third pregnancy when an earlier pregnancy has ended in stillbirth [2024]
  • Swedish Agency for Health Technology Assessment and Assessment of Social Services
    • Support interventions to reduce psychological distress in families experiencing stillbirth in high income countries: A systematic review [2024]
    • Care and support when a baby is stillborn: A systematic review and an interpretive meta-synthesis of qualitative studies in high-income countries [2023]
• Switzerland
  • BMJ Open
    • Retrospective cohort study of all deaths among infants born between 22 and 27 completed weeks of gestation in Switzerland over a 3-year period [2017]
  • Swiss Medical Weekly
    • Sociodemographic and regional differences in neonatal and infant mortality in Switzerland in 2011-2018: the Swiss National Cohort [2024]
• Taiwan
  • Pediatrics and Neonatology
    • Neonatal mortality among outborn versus inborn babies [2021]
• Tanzania
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Maternal interventions to decrease stillbirths and neonatal mortality in Tanzania: evidence from the 2017-18 cross-sectional Tanzania verbal and social autopsy study [2023]
  • BMJ Global Health
    • Neonatal and perinatal mortality in the urban continuum: a geospatial analysis of the household survey, satellite imagery and travel time data in Tanzania [2023]
    • A growing disadvantage of being born in an urban area? Analysing urban–rural disparities in neonatal mortality in 21 African countries with a focus on Tanzania [2022]
  • International Health
    • Trends, patterns and cause-specific neonatal mortality in Tanzania: a hospital-based retrospective survey [2021]
• Turkey
  • Central European Journal of Public Health
    • Recent Declines in Infant and Neonatal Mortality in Turkey from 2007 to 2012: Impact of Improvements in Health Policies [2016]
• Uganda
  • Health Research Policy and Systems
    • Examining the variations in the implementation of interventions to address stillbirth from the national to subnational levels: experiences from Uganda [2022]
    • Applying a system dynamics modelling approach to explore policy options for improving neonatal health in Uganda [2016]
  • PLoS ONE
    • National-level key stakeholders' perspectives regarding intervention progression and emerging challenges within the national stillbirth reduction response in Uganda [2023]
• United Kingdom
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Marvellous to mediocre: findings of national survey of UK practice and provision of care in pregnancies after stillbirth or neonatal death [2016]
    • Exploring the intangible economic costs of stillbirth [2015]
    • A structured review and exploration of the healthcare costs associated with stillbirth and a subsequent pregnancy in England and Wales [2013]
  • BMC Public Health
    • Trends in infant mortality and stillbirth rates in Scotland by socio-economic position, 2000–2018: a longitudinal ecological study [2021]
  • BMJ Open
    • Understanding ethnic inequalities in stillbirth rates: a UK population-based cohort study [2022]
  • BMJ Open Quality
    • Assessment of the quality, content and perceived utility of local maternity guidelines in hospitals in England implementing the saving babies’ lives care bundle to reduce stillbirth [2020]
  • International Journal of Epidemiology
    • Worth the paper it's written on? A cross-sectional study of Medical Certificate of Stillbirth accuracy in the UK [2023]
  • Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health
    • Variations in neonatal mortality, infant mortality, preterm birth and birth weight in England and Wales according to ethnicity and maternal country or region of birth: an analysis of linked national data from 2006 to 2012 [2020]
  • Journal of Global Health
    • Temporal trends in stillbirth over eight decades in England and Wales: A longitudinal analysis of over 56 million births and lives saved by improvements in maternity care [2022]
  • Journal of Perinatal Medicine
    • Prospective risk of stillbirth according to fetal size at term [2022]
  • MBRRACE-UK
    • Perinatal mortality surveillance reports
  • National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
    • Maternal sleep position during pregnancy [2021]
    • Intrauterine fetal death after previous caesarean birth: Inducing labour [2021]
  • NHS England
    • Saving babies’ lives version three: a care bundle for reducing perinatal mortality [2023]
    • Perinatal post-mortem investigation of fetal and neonatal deaths (England, Scotland and Wales) [2022]
    • North West Management of Stillbirth Integrated Care Pathway [2021]
    • North West Management of Stillbirth Guideline [2021]
    • Saving Babies’ Lives Version Two: A care bundle for reducing perinatal mortality [2019]
  • Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine
    • Understanding perinatal mortality [2024]
  • Office for National Statistics
    • Child and infant mortality in England and Wales
  • PLoS ONE
    • Stillbirth rates, service outcomes and costs of implementing NHS England’s Saving Babies’ Lives care bundle in maternity units in England: A cohort study [2021]
  • Public Health England
    • Pregnancy and early life: reducing stillbirth and infant death
  • Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Care of late intrauterine fetal death and stillbirth [2024]
  • Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health
    • Diagnosis of death by neurological criteria in infants, children and adolescents
  • Royal College of Pathologists
    • Guidelines on autopsy practice: Third trimester antepartum and intrapartum stillbirth [2017]
  • UK National Screening Committee
    • Stillbirth
  • Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology
    • UK stillbirth trends in over 11 million births provide no evidence to support effectiveness of Growth Assessment Protocol program [2020]
    • The Growth Assessment Protocol: a major cause of declining stillbirth rates in the UK [2020]
• United States
  • American Academy of Pediatrics
    • Standard Terminology for Fetal, Infant, and Perinatal Deaths [2016]
  • American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
    • Management of Stillbirth [2020]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Antepartum and intrapartum stillbirth rates across gestation: a cross-sectional study using the revised foetal death reporting system in the U.S [2022]
    • Birth weight differences between preterm stillbirths and live births: analysis of population-based studies from the U.S. and Sweden [2012]
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Perinatal Mortality in the United States, 2020-2021 [2023]
    • Decline in Perinatal Mortality in the United States, 2017-2019 [2022]
    • Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Fetal Deaths — United States, 2015–2017 [2020]
    • Fetal and Perinatal Mortality: United States, 2013 [2015]
    • Stillbirth
    • Linked Birth and Infant Death Data
    • Fetal Deaths
  • Journal of Perinatology
    • Holding a baby after stillbirth: the impact of fetal congenital and structural abnormalities [2023]
  • National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
    • Fetal growth and risk of stillbirth: a population-based case-control study [2014]
    • Stillbirth Classification—Developing an International Consensus for Research: Executive Summary of a National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Workshop [2009]
    • Stillbirth
  • PLoS ONE
    • Risk factors for late (28+ weeks' gestation) stillbirth in the United States, 2014-2015 [2023]
  • Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine
    • Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine Special Statement: Checklists for management of pregnancies complicated by stillbirth [2025]
• WHO
  • World Health Organization
    • Improving maternal and newborn health and survival and reducing stillbirth - Progress report 2023 [2023]
    • Every newborn progress report 2019 [2020]
    • Reaching the every newborn national 2020 milestones: country progress, plans and moving forward [2017]
    • The WHO application of ICD-10 to deaths during the perinatal period: ICD-PM [2016]
    • Making Every Baby Count. Audit and review of stillbirths and neonatal deaths [2016]
    • Maternal complications and perinatal mortality: findings of the World Health Organization Multicountry Survey on Maternal and Newborn Health [2014]
    • Every newborn: an action plan to end preventable deaths [2014]
    • National, regional, and worldwide estimates of stillbirth rates in 2009 with trends since 1995 [2011]
    • Neonatal and perinatal mortality: country, regional and global estimates 2004 [2007]
    • Stillbirth rate (per 1000 total births)
    • Stillbirth
    • SDG Target 3.2: End preventable deaths of newborns and children under 5 years of age
    • Number of neonatal deaths (0 to 27 days)
    • Number of infant deaths (between birth and 11 months)
    • Newborns: improving survival and well-being: Fact sheet
    • Newborn Mortality: Fact sheet
    • Neonatal mortality rate (0 to 27 days) per 1000 live births) (SDG 3.2.2)
    • Infant mortality rate (between birth and 11 months per 1000 live births)
    • Every Newborn Action Plan
    • Distribution of causes of death among children aged < 5 years (%)
    • Deaths per 1 000 live births
    • Child data
• WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region
  • United Nations Population Fund
    • Joint Technical Brief on Stillbirth Situation and Way Forward for the East Mediterranean, Arab States, and Middle East and North Africa Region [2021]
  • WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region
    • Summary report on the WHO/UNFPA/UNICEF joint intercountry meeting of national managers of maternal and child health: towards accelerating the reduction of neonatal mortality in the Region, Amman, Jordan, 24–27 April 2016 [2016]
• Zambia
  • Pan African Medical Journal
    • Factors associated with neonatal mortality in the general population: evidence from the 2007 Zambia Demographic and Health Survey (ZDHS); a cross sectional study [2015]
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Obstetrics, perinatology
    • Miscarriage, pregnancy loss
    • Ethics, jurisprudence: fetus, newborn

Substance use in pregnancy, neonatal abstinence syndrome

• Africa
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Magnitude and risk factors of khat, alcohol and cigarettes use among pregnant women in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2024]
• Australia
  • Australian Family Physician
    • Managing opioid dependence in pregnancy – a general practice perspective [2013]
  • Australian Institute of Health and Welfare
    • Pregnant and breastfeeding women’s use of alcohol and other drugs [2024]
  • Queensland Health
    • Perinatal substance use: neonatal
    • Perinatal substance use: maternal
  • SA Health
    • Substance Use in Pregnancy
    • Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS)
  • WA Health
    • Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome
• Australia, New Zealand
  • Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Substance use in pregnancy [2024]
• Australia, United States
  • Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment
    • Managing Maternal Substance Use in the Perinatal Period: Current Concerns and Treatment Approaches in the United States and Australia [2016]
• Canada
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Multi-service prevention programs for pregnant and parenting women with substance use and multiple vulnerabilities: Program structure and clients’ perspectives on wraparound programming [2020]
  • Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health
    • Withdrawal Management and Treatment of Crystal Methamphetamine Addiction in Pregnancy: A Review of Clinical Effectiveness and Guidelines [2019]
    • Treatment of Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome due to Crystal Methamphetamine: A Review of Clinical Effectiveness and Guidelines [2019]
    • Buprenorphine for Opioid Use Disorders during Pregnancy: A Review of Comparative Clinical Effectiveness, Safety, Cost-Effectiveness, and Guidelines [2019]
  • Canadian Centre on Substance Use and Addiction
    • Licit and Illicit Drug Use during Pregnancy: Maternal, Neonatal and Early Childhood Consequences [2013]
  • Canadian Family Physician
    • Cannabis use during pregnancy and postpartum [2020]
    • Effects of opioid use in pregnancy on pediatric development and behaviour in children older than age 2 [2019]
  • Canadian Journal of Midwifery Research and Practice
    • New Approaches to Brief Intervention on Substance Use during Pregnancy [2019]
  • Canadian Paediatric Society
    • Managing newborns at risk for neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS)/neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS): Updates and emerging best practices [2025]
  • JAMA Network Open
    • Association of Maternal Opioid Use in Pregnancy With Adverse Perinatal Outcomes in Ontario, Canada, From 2012 to 2018 [2020]
  • Paediatrics & Child Health
    • Variations and similarities in clinical management of neonatal abstinence syndrome: Findings of a Canadian survey [2017]
  • Perinatal Services BC
    • Care of the Newborn Exposed to Substances During Pregnancy [2024]
    • Best Practice Guidelines for Mental Health Disorders in the Perinatal Period: Substance Use Disorders [2023]
    • Rooming-In Guidelines for Perinatal Women Using Substances [2020]
    • Cannabis Use During Pregnancy & Lactation [2020]
    • A Guideline for the Clinical Management of Opioid Use Disorder—Pregnancy Supplement [2018]
    • Care of the Newborn Exposed to Substances During Pregnancy
  • PLoS ONE
    • Cannabis use in pregnancy and maternal and infant outcomes: A Canadian cross-jurisdictional population-based cohort study [2022]
  • Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada
    • Opioid Use Throughout Women’s Lifespan: Opioid Use in Pregnancy and Breastfeeding [2023]
    • Cannabis Use Throughout Women’s Lifespans – Part 2: Pregnancy, the Postnatal Period, and Breastfeeding [2022]
    • Substance Use in Pregnancy [2017]
    • Virtual Care for Substance Use
• Canada, Jamaica, United States
  • JAMA Network Open
    • Birth Outcomes of Neonates Exposed to Marijuana in Utero: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis [2022]
• Canada, United States
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Stigma Experienced by Rural Pregnant Women with Substance Use Disorder: A Scoping Review and Qualitative Synthesis [2022]
• Ethiopia
  • Heliyon
    • The effect of substance use during pregnancy on neonatal outcomes in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis [2021]
• Europe
  • Environmental Epigenetics
    • European epidemiological patterns of cannabis- and substance-related congenital cardiovascular anomalies: geospatiotemporal and causal inferential study [2022]
    • Cannabinoid and substance relationships of European congenital anomaly patterns: a space-time panel regression and causal inferential study [2022]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • European Epidemiological Patterns of Cannabis- and Substance-Related Body Wall Congenital Anomalies: Geospatiotemporal and Causal Inferential Study [2022]
    • Epidemiological Patterns of Cannabis- and Substance- Related Congenital Uronephrological Anomalies in Europe: Geospatiotemporal and Causal Inferential Study [2022]
    • Cannabis- and Substance-Related Epidemiological Patterns of Chromosomal Congenital Anomalies in Europe: Geospatiotemporal and Causal Inferential Study [2022]
• India
  • Public Health
    • Tobacco and alcohol use among lactating women and its association with child nutrition in India: findings from National Family Health Survey 2019-2021 [2024]
• International
  • Addiction Science & Clinical Practice
    • Drug policies' sensitivity towards women, pregnancy, and motherhood: a content analysis of national policy and programs from nine countries and their adherence to international guidelines [2023]
  • Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências
    • Prevalence of Illicit Drug Use During Pregnancy: A Global Perspective [2020]
  • United Nations Population Fund
    • Addressing the Specific Needs of Women Who Use Drugs - Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV, Hepatitis B and C and Syphilis [2021]
• Maldives
  • Ministry of Health Maldives
    • National guideline for management of neonatal abstinence syndrome [2024]
• New Zealand
  • Starship
    • Drug dependency - infants born to drug dependent mothers
• Norway
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Caffeine exposure during pregnancy, small for gestational age birth and neonatal outcome – results from the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study [2019]
• Republic of Korea
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Prenatal Exposure to Alcohol, Tobacco, and Coffee: Associated Congenital Complications and Adverse Birth Outcomes [2021]
• Switzerland
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Midwives’ engagement in smoking- and alcohol-prevention in prenatal care before and after the introduction of practice guidelines in Switzerland: comparison of survey findings from 2008 and 2018 [2020]
• Taiwan
  • Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences
    • Substance use before or during pregnancy and the risk of child mortality, perinatal morbidities and congenital anomalies [2023]
• United Kingdom
  • BJPsych Bulletin
    • The ethics and management of cannabis use in pregnancy following decriminalisation and licensing for medical use: narrative review [2021]
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Scoping review: mapping clinical guidelines and policy documents that address the needs of women who are dependent on drugs during the perinatal period [2024]
  • BMJ
    • Alcohol, smoking, and other substance use in the perinatal period [2020]
  • Right Decisions
    • Neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS)
  • WISDOM
    • Substance Misuse in Pregnancy Guideline [2024]
• United States
  • Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine
    • ABM Clinical Protocol #21: Breastfeeding in the Setting of Substance Use and Substance Use Disorder (Revised 2023) [2023]
  • Addiction
    • Smoking cessation interventions for pregnant women attending treatment for substance use disorders: A systematic review [2022]
    • Possible Unintended Consequences for Pregnant Women of Legalizing Cannabis Use [2020]
    • Opioid Use Disorder Incidence and Treatment Among Incarcerated Pregnant People in the U.S.: Results from a National Surveillance Study [2020]
  • Advances in Nutrition
    • Maternal Cannabis Use during Lactation and Potential Effects on Human Milk Composition and Production: A Narrative Review [2024]
  • Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
    • Screening for Unhealthy Drug Use in Primary Care in Adolescents and Adults, Including Pregnant Persons: Updated Systematic Review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force [2020]
  • American Academy of Pediatrics
    • Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome [2020]
    • Marijuana Use During Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Implications for Neonatal and Childhood Outcomes [2018]
    • A Public Health Response to Opioid Use in Pregnancy [2017]
    • Neonatal Drug Withdrawal [2012]
    • Maternal-Infant Health and Opioid Use
  • American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
    • Opioid Use and Opioid Use Disorder in Pregnancy [2017]
    • Marijuana Use During Pregnancy and Lactation [2017]
    • Alcohol Abuse and Other Substance Use Disorders: Ethical Issues in Obstetric and Gynecologic Practice [2015]
    • Substance Abuse Reporting and Pregnancy: The Role of the Obstetrician-Gynecologist [2011]
  • American Family Physician
    • Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome: A Call for Mother-Infant Dyad Treatment Approach [2021]
  • American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology
    • New persistent opioid use after acute opioid prescribing in pregnancy: a nationwide analysis [2020]
    • Consensus Guidelines and State Policies: The Gap Between Principle and Practice at the Intersection of Substance Use and Pregnancy [2020]
  • American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology MFM
    • Early lessons from maternal mortality review committees on drug-related deaths – time for obstetrical providers to take the lead in addressing addiction [2020]
  • American Psychiatric Association
    • Position Statement on Assuring the Appropriate Care of Pregnant and Newly-Delivered Women with Substance Use Disorders [2019]
  • Annals of Internal Medicine
    • Marijuana Use During Stages of Pregnancy in the United States [2017]
  • Archives of Women's Mental Health
    • Licit and illicit drug use across trimesters in pregnant women endorsing past-year substance use: Results from National Survey on Drug Use and Health (2009-2019) [2022]
  • Association of Women's Health, Obstetric and Neonatal Nurses
    • Management of Newborns With In Utero Substance Exposure: AWHONN Practice Brief Number 18 [2023]
    • Intrapartum Pain Management for People on Medication-Assisted Therapy for Opioid Use Disorder: AWHONN Practice Brief Number 17 [2023]
    • Breastfeeding Recommendations for People Who Use Substances: AWHONN Practice Brief Number 16 [2022]
    • Marijuana Use During Pregnancy [2018]
  • Breastfeeding Medicine
    • Management of Cannabis Use in Breastfeeding Women: The Untapped Potential of International Board Certified Lactation Consultants [2020]
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Medication for Opioid Use Disorder During Pregnancy — Maternal and Infant Network to Understand Outcomes Associated with Use of Medication for Opioid Use Disorder During Pregnancy (MAT-LINK), 2014–2021 [2023]
    • Evaluation of State-Led Surveillance of Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome — Six U.S. States, 2018–2021 [2022]
    • Vital Signs: Prescription Opioid Pain Reliever Use During Pregnancy — 34 U.S. Jurisdictions, 2019 [2020]
    • Characteristics of Marijuana Use During Pregnancy — Eight States, Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, 2017 [2020]
    • State Strategies to Address Opioid Use Disorder Among Pregnant and Postpartum Women and Infants Prenatally Exposed to Substances, Including Infants with Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome [2019]
    • Evaluation of State-Mandated Reporting of Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome — Six States, 2013–2017 [2019]
    • CDC Grand Rounds: Public Health Strategies to Prevent Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome [2017]
    • Incidence of Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome — 28 States, 1999–2013 [2016]
    • Polysubstance Use During Pregnancy
    • Opioid Use During Pregnancy
  • Current Obstetrics and Gynecology Reports
    • Caring for Pregnant Women with Opioid Use Disorder in the USA: Expanding and Improving Treatment [2016]
  • Health Affairs
    • Prenatal Substance Use Policies And Infant Maltreatment Reports [2022]
  • Health Economics
    • Prenatal substance use policies and newborn health [2022]
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Recreational Cannabis Legalization in the US and Maternal Use during the Preconception, Prenatal, and Postpartum Periods [2020]
  • JAMA
    • US Trends in Drug Overdose Mortality Among Pregnant and Postpartum Persons, 2017-2020 [2022]
  • JAMA Network Open
    • Availability of Medications for the Treatment of Opioid Use Disorder Among Pregnant and Postpartum Individuals in US Jails [2022]
    • Association of Recreational Cannabis Legalization With Maternal Cannabis Use in the Preconception, Prenatal, and Postpartum Periods [2021]
    • Association of Pregnancy and Insurance Status With Treatment Access for Opioid Use Disorder [2020]
    • Association of Punitive and Reporting State Policies Related to Substance Use in Pregnancy With Rates of Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome [2019]
    • Association of Criminal Statutes for Opioid Use Disorder With Prevalence and Treatment Among Pregnant Women With Commercial Insurance in the United States [2019]
  • JAMA Pediatrics
    • Association of State Child Abuse Policies and Mandated Reporting Policies With Prenatal and Postpartum Care Among Women Who Engaged in Substance Use During Pregnancy [2022]
    • Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome Incidence and Health Care Costs in the United States, 2016 [2020]
  • Journal of Addiction Medicine
    • Differential Gateways, Facilitators, and Barriers to Substance Use Disorder Treatment for Pregnant Women and Mothers: A Scoping Systematic Review [2022]
    • Treating Women Who Are Pregnant and Parenting for Opioid Use Disorder and the Concurrent Care of Their Infants and Children: Literature Review to Support National Guidance [2017]
  • Journal of Pediatrics
    • Current management of neonatal abstinence syndrome secondary to intrauterine opioid exposure [2014]
  • Journal of Perinatology
    • Neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome: a review of the science and a look toward the use of buprenorphine for affected infants [2022]
    • Increasing Incidence and Geographic Distribution of Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome: United States 2009-2012 [2015]
  • Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment
    • Impact of prenatal substance use policies on commercially insured pregnant females with opioid use disorder [2022]
    • Substance use disorder treatment services for pregnant and postpartum women in residential and outpatient settings [2020]
  • Journal of Women's Health
    • Polysubstance Use in Pregnancy: Surveillance, Interventions, and Next Steps [2023]
    • The MATernaL and Infant NetworK to Understand Outcomes Associated with Treatment of Opioid Use Disorder During Pregnancy (MAT-LINK): Surveillance Opportunity [2020]
  • Maternal and Child Health Journal
    • Systematic Review: Polysubstance Prevalence Estimates Reported during Pregnancy, US, 2009–2020 [2023]
  • Medicaid
    • Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome: A Critical Role for Medicaid in the Care of Infants [2018]
  • National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
    • Prediction of site-specific pharmacologic therapy among newborns with neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome [2024]
    • The Influence of Mediators on the Relationship Between Antenatal Opioid Agonist Exposure and the Severity of Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome [2023]
    • Prenatal Nicotine or Cannabis Exposure and Offspring Neurobehavioral Outcomes [2022]
    • Site-Level Variation in the Characteristics and Care of Infants With Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal [2021]
    • Phenobarbital and Clonidine as Secondary Medications for Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome [2021]
  • New York State Department of Health AIDS Institute
    • Substance Use Disorder Treatment in Pregnant Adults [2021]
  • Obstetrics & Gynecology
    • Profile of Reported Alcohol, Tobacco, and Recreational Drug Use in Nulliparous Women [2020]
    • Polysubstance Use Among Pregnant Women With Opioid Use Disorder in the United States, 2007–2016 [2020]
    • Care for Incarcerated Pregnant People With Opioid Use Disorder: Equity and Justice Implications [2020]
    • Opioid Use in Pregnancy, Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome, and Childhood Outcomes: Executive Summary of a Joint Workshop by the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, American Academy of Pediatrics, Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the March of Dimes Foundation [2017]
  • Pediatrics
    • Perinatal Opioid Use Disorder Research, Race, and Racism: A Scoping Review [2022]
    • Ferguson v. City of Charleston Redux: Motivated Reasoning and Coercive Interventions in Pregnancy [2020]
  • Pediatrics and Neonatology
    • Neonatal outcomes of preterm infants with in-utero exposure to drugs of substance use: US national data [2023]
  • PLoS Medicine
    • Medications for opioid use disorder among pregnant women referred by criminal justice agencies before and after Medicaid expansion: A retrospective study of admissions to treatment centers in the United States [2020]
  • Psychosomatics
    • Guidelines for the Management of Pregnant Women With Substance Use Disorders [2016]
  • Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine
    • Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine Position Statement: Decriminalization of substance use disorder in pregnancy [2025]
    • Substance use disorders in pregnancy: clinical, ethical, and research imperatives of the opioid epidemic: a report of a joint workshop of the Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine, American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, and American Society of Addiction Medicine [2019]
  • Society for Obstetric Anesthesia and Perinatology
    • A Systematic Scoping Review of Peridelivery Pain Management for Pregnant People With Opioid Use Disorder: From the Society for Obstetric Anesthesia and Perinatology and Society for Maternal Fetal Medicine [2022]
  • StatPearls
    • Substance Use in Pregnancy
    • Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome
    • Marijuana and Maternal, Perinatal, and Neonatal Outcomes
  • U.S. Preventive Services Task Force
    • Unhealthy Drug Use: Screening [2020]
  • Women's Health
    • An integrative literature review of substance use treatment service need and provision to pregnant and postpartum populations in carceral settings [2023]
    • Racial/ethnic variations in alcohol and cigarette use by pregnancy status among 20- to 44-year-old women, NHANES 2001-2018 [2022]
  • Women's Health Issues
    • Non-medical use of prescription opioids among pregnant US women [2017]
• WHO
  • World Health Organization
    • The health and social effects of nonmedical cannabis use [2016]
    • Guidelines for identification and management of substance use and substance use disorders in pregnancy [2014]
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Obstetrics, perinatology

Thyroid diseases in pregnancy

• Africa
  • Public Health Nutrition
    • Iodine nutrition status in Africa: potentially high prevalence of iodine deficiency in pregnancy even in countries classified as iodine sufficient [2021]
• Asia
  • Endocrine Journal
    • Screening and management of hypothyroidism in pregnancy: Results of an Asian survey [2014]
    • Management of hyperthyroidism during pregnancy in Asia [2014]
• Australia
  • Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition
    • The impact of mandatory iodine fortification and supplementation on pregnant and lactating women in Australia [2019]
  • Australian Prescriber
    • Thyroid disorders in pregnancy and postpartum [2017]
  • SA Health
    • Thyroid Disorders in Pregnancy
• Australia, New Zealand
  • Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Subclinical hypothyroidism and hypothyroidism in pregnancy [2022]
• Bangladesh
  • Frontiers in Endocrinology
    • Approach to management of hypo and hyperthyroidism in Bangladesh: a nationwide physicians' perspective survey [2024]
• Brazil
  • Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism
    • Management of gestational hypothyroidism: results of a Brazilian survey [2015]
  • Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia
    • Screening, diagnosis and management of hypothyroidism in pregnancy [2022]
    • Screening, diagnosis and management of hyperthyroidism in pregnancy [2022]
• Canada
  • CMAJ
    • Thyroid function testing and management during and after pregnancy among women without thyroid disease before pregnancy [2020]
  • Thyroid
    • Thyroid Laboratory Testing and Management in Women on Thyroid Replacement Before Pregnancy and Associated Pregnancy Outcomes [2021]
• Chile
  • Endocrinology and Metabolism
    • Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Reference Ranges in the First Trimester of Pregnancy in an Iodine-Sufficient Country [2018]
• China
  • Frontiers in Endocrinology
    • Gestational TSH and FT4 Reference Intervals in Chinese Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2018]
  • International Journal of Endocrinology
    • Trimester- and Assay-Specific Thyroid Reference Intervals for Pregnant Women in China [2016]
  • JAMA Network Open
    • Preconception Thyrotropin Levels and Risk of Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Chinese Women Aged 20 to 49 Years [2021]
• Czech Republic
  • Biomedical Papers
    • The prevalence of maternal hypothyroidism in first trimester screening from 11 to 14 weeks of gestation [2019]
• Denmark
  • Clinical Epidemiology
    • Chronic diseases in the children of women with maternal thyroid dysfunction: a nationwide cohort study [2018]
• Europe
  • European Thyroid Association
    • 2014 European Thyroid Association Guidelines for the Management of Subclinical Hypothyroidism in Pregnancy and in Children [2014]
  • WHO European Region
    • Prevention and control of iodine deficiency in the WHO European Region: adapting to changes in diet and lifestyle [2024]
• Finland
  • Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica
    • Indications for intensive care unit treatment among neonates born to mothers with thyroid disease: A population-based cohort study [2022]
  • European Thyroid Journal
    • The Increased Trend of Medical Treatment for Thyroid Diseases during Pregnancy: A 13-Year National Study [2021]
• High-income countries
  • British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
    • Antithyroid drug use during pregnancy and the risk of birth defects in offspring: systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies with methodological considerations [2021]
• India
  • Federation of Obstetric and Gynecological Societies of India
    • Thyroid Update in Pregnancy [2021]
  • Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism
    • Prevalence of hypothyroidism in pregnancy: An epidemiological study from 11 cities in 9 states of India [2016]
    • Subclinical hypothyroidism in the first trimester of pregnancy in North India [2013]
  • Ministry of Health and Family Welfare India
    • National Guidelines for Screening of Hypothyroidism during Pregnancy [2014]
• International
  • Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
    • Thyroid Nodules and Cancer during Pregnancy, Post-partum and Preconception Planning: Addressing the Uncertainties and Challenges [2020]
  • European Thyroid Journal
    • Iodine Supplementation in Pregnancy and the Dilemma of Ambiguous Recommendations [2016]
  • Frontiers in Endocrinology
    • The impact of levothyroxine therapy on the pregnancy, neonatal and childhood outcomes of subclinical hypothyroidism during pregnancy: An updated systematic review, meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis [2022]
    • Effect of Hyperthyroidism Control During Pregnancy on Maternal and Fetal Outcome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2022]
  • Nutrients
    • Effect of Iodine Nutrition During Pregnancy and Lactation on Child Cognitive Outcomes: A Review [2025]
    • Maternal Iodine Status and Birth Outcomes: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis [2023]
• Iran
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Thyroid dysfunction in Iranian pregnant women: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2020]
  • International Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism
    • Prevalent Practices of Thyroid Diseases During Pregnancy Among Endocrinologists, Internists and General Practitioners [2015]
  • International Journal of Fertility & Sterility
    • Prevalence of Subclinical Hypothyroidism in Pregnant Women in Tehran-Iran [2014]
• Italy
  • Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
    • Fifteen Years of Iodine Prophylaxis in Italy: Results of a Nationwide Surveillance (Period 2015-2019) [2024]
• Japan
  • Endocrine Journal
    • Mother’s iodine exposure and infants’ hypothyroidism: the Japan environment and children’s study [2021]
• Macedonia
  • Acta Clinica Croatica
    • Isolated maternal hypothyroxinemia and its perinatal outcome in North Macedonia [2021]
  • Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia
    • Thyroid Function of Pregnant Women and Perinatal Outcomes in North Macedonia [2021]
• Malta
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
    • Thyroid dysfunction in pregnancy - a retrospective observational analysis of a Maltese cohort [2022]
• Pakistan
  • Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism
    • Thyroid disorders in pregnancy: An overview of literature from Pakistan [2013]
• Poland
  • Endokrynologia Polska
    • Thyroid diseases in pregnancy: guidelines of the Polish Society of Endocrinology [2021]
  • Thyroid Research
    • Iodine prophylaxis in pregnant women in Poland - where we are? (update 2015) [2015]
• Portugal
  • Journal of Family & Reproductive Health
    • Controversial Screening for Thyroid Dysfunction in Preconception and Pregnancy: An Evidence-Based Review [2020]
• Republic of Korea
  • Endocrinology and Metabolism
    • 2025 Korean Thyroid Association Management Guidelines for Radioactive Iodine Therapy in Patients with Hyperthyroidism [2025]
    • Diagnosis and Management of Thyroid Disease during Pregnancy and Postpartum: 2023 Revised Korean Thyroid Association Guidelines [2023]
  • Korean Journal of Internal Medicine
    • Reference intervals of thyroid hormones during pregnancy in Korea, an iodine-replete area [2018]
• Russia
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Iodine Status of Women and Infants in Russia: A Systematic Review [2020]
• Spain
  • Anales de Pediatría (English Edition)
    • Recommendations for the diagnosis and followup of the foetus and newborn child born to mothers with autoimmune thyroid disease [2018]
• Sri Lanka
  • Sri Lanka College of Obstetricians & Gynaecologists
    • Thyroid Disease in Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period [2022]
• Switzerland
  • Frontiers in Endocrinology
    • Iodine content of frequently used prenatal and adult multivitamins in Switzerland [2022]
• United Arab Emirates
  • Practical Laboratory Medicine
    • Trimester specific reference ranges for serum TSH and Free T4 among United Arab Emirates pregnant women [2018]
• United Kingdom
  • British Journal of General Practice
    • Thyroid hormone replacement in the preconception period and pregnancy [2019]
  • Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
    • Preconception Management of Hyperthyroidism and Thyroid Status in Subsequent Pregnancy: A Population-Based Cohort Study [2023]
  • Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency
    • Carbimazole: increased risk of congenital malformations; strengthened advice on contraception [2019]
  • Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
    • Management of Thyroid Disorders in Pregnancy [2025]
  • WISDOM
    • Guideline for Management of Thyroid Disorders in Pregnancy [2024]
• United States
  • Advances in Therapy
    • Levothyroxine Treatment of Pregnant Women with Hypothyroidism: Retrospective Analysis of a US Claims Database [2020]
  • American Society for Reproductive Medicine
    • Subclinical hypothyroidism in the infertile female population: a guideline [2024]
  • American Thyroid Association
    • 2017 Guidelines of the American Thyroid Association for the Diagnosis and Management of Thyroid Disease During Pregnancy and the Postpartum [2017]
  • BMJ
    • Thyroid hormone treatment among pregnant women with subclinical hypothyroidism: US national assessment [2017]
  • Endocrine Society
    • Management of Thyroid Dysfunction during Pregnancy and Postpartum: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline [2012]
  • Frontiers in Endocrinology
    • The Need for Dynamic Clinical Guidelines: A Systematic Review of New Research Published After Release of the 2017 ATA Guidelines on Thyroid Disease During Pregnancy and the Postpartum [2020]
  • Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
    • Testing, Monitoring, and Treatment of Thyroid Dysfunction in Pregnancy [2021]
  • Journal of the Endocrine Society
    • Practice Variation in the Care of Subclinical Hypothyroidism During Pregnancy: A National Survey of Physicians in the United States [2019]
  • Journal of Thyroid Research
    • Management of Thyroid Peroxidase Antibody Euthyroid Women in Pregnancy: Comparison of the American Thyroid Association and the Endocrine Society Guidelines [2013]
    • Management of Hyperthyroidism in Pregnancy: Comparison of Recommendations of American Thyroid Association and Endocrine Society [2013]
  • Missouri Medicine
    • Preexisting Thyroid Disease in Pregnancy: A Brief Overview [2022]
  • National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
    • Thyroid function in neonates of women with subclinical hypothyroidism or hypothyroxinemia [2018]
  • Nutrients
    • History of U.S. Iodine Fortification and Supplementation [2012]
• WHO
  • World Health Organization
    • Iodine thyroid blocking: Guidelines for use in planning and responding to radiological and nuclear emergencies [2017]
    • Urinary iodine concentrations for determining iodine status in populations [2013]
    • Iodine deficiency
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Obstetrics, perinatology
    • Neonatal thyroid disorders, congenital hypothyroidism

Trauma in pregnancy

• Australia
  • Queensland Health
    • Trauma in Pregnancy
  • SA Health
    • Abdominal Pain and Trauma in Pregnancy
  • Trauma Victoria
    • Obstetric Trauma Guideline [2014]
• Canada
  • Canadian Association of Radiologists
    • CETARS/CAR Practice Guideline on Imaging the Pregnant Trauma Patient [2024]
  • Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada
    • Guidelines for the Management of a Pregnant Trauma Patient [2015]
• Finland
  • Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery
    • Incidence of fracture hospitalization and surgery during pregnancy in Finland-1998-2017: a retrospective register-based cohort study [2023]
  • European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology
    • The rate of elective cesarean section after pelvic or hip fracture remains high even after the long-term follow-up: A nationwide register-based study in Finland [2022]
• High-income countries
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    • Risk of Mortality in Association with Pregnancy in Women Following Motor Vehicle Crashes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [2022]
• International
  • BMJ Open
    • Maternal trauma due to motor vehicle crashes and pregnancy outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis [2020]
• Japan
  • Healthcare
    • Factors Influencing Pregnant Women’s Injuries and Fetal Loss Due to Motor Vehicle Collisions: A National Crash Data-Based Study [2021]
    • Comparison of Motor Vehicle Collision Injuries between Pregnant and Non-Pregnant Women: A Nationwide Collision Data-Based Study [2021]
• Peru
  • Archives of Women's Mental Health
    • Trauma exposure and post-traumatic stress disorder in a cohort of pregnant Peruvian women [2018]
• Taiwan
  • JAMA Network Open
    • Association of Traumatic Injury With Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Taiwan, 2004 to 2014 [2021]
• Turkey
  • Journal of the Turkish German Gynecological Association
    • Pregnancy and trauma: analysis of 139 cases [2012]
• United Kingdom
  • Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England
    • National variation in guidance for the management of pregnant women presenting with major trauma [2024]
  • BJA Education
    • Trauma during pregnancy [2021]
• United States
  • American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
    • Caring for Patients Who Have Experienced Trauma: ACOG Committee Opinion, Number 825 [2021]
  • American Family Physician
    • Trauma in Pregnancy: Assessment, Management, and Prevention [2014]
  • Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Global research & reviews
    • Association of Pelvic Trauma With Rates of Cesarean Section, Sexual Dysfunction, and Genitourinary Dysfunction in a National Database [2023]
• {Related topics}
  • Topic
    • Obstetrics, perinatology